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2.0
Bandwidth Efficiency, η (bits/signal)T
he F
ifth
Day
1988
(10
-5 B
ER
)
BPS
K B
ound
s
QPS
K B
ound
Capacity Bound
QP
SK1
BP
SK
Ham
m(7
,4)
Ham
m(1
5,11
)
Ham
m(3
1,26
)
Gol
ay(2
4,12
)
3
(32,
6)R
M
BC
H(3
1,16
)5
DIT
EC
(32,
6)M
arin
er6
BC
H(2
55,1
23)
7
Pio
neer
RS
(64,
32)
SP
AD
E
RS
(255
,223
)
(2,1
,6)Q
PS
K
Voy
ager9
(2,1
,6)V
it
(3,2
,2)8
PS
K U
ng
1
(3,1
,6)V
it
BH
D:LD
PC
QR
(48,
24)8
Gal
ileo
(4,1
,14)
BP
SK
8
(2,1
,6)A
M U
ng
(3,2
,6)8
PS
K U
ng
Pra
gmat
ic;(3
,2,4
)8D
Wei
(4,3
,4)4
D W
ei
AP
P1
Imai
ML<
-2.02
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0-
12.02
14.04
Pow
er E
ffic
ienc
y, E
b/N
0 (dB
)
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
Bandwidth Efficiency, η (bits/signal)T
he F
ifth
Day
1988
(10
-5 B
ER
)
BPS
K B
ound
s
QPS
K B
ound
8PSK
Bou
nd
16Q
AM
Bou
nd
R0 B
ound
16Q
AM/
8PS
K
Capac
ity B
ound
QP
SK1
BP
SK
Gol
ay(2
4,12
)
3
DIT
EC
(32,
6)M
arin
er6
BC
H(2
55,1
23)
7
Pio
neer
RS
(255
,223
)
(2,1
,6)Q
PS
K
Voy
ager9
(2,1
,6)V
it
(3,2
,2)8
PS
K U
ng
1
(3,1
,6)V
itG
alile
o(4
,1,1
4)B
PS
K
8
(2,1
,6)A
M U
ng
(3,2
,6)8
PS
K U
ngPra
gmat
ic;
(3,2
,4)8
D W
ei
(4,3
,4)4
D W
ei
AP
P1
Imai
ML<
(4,3
,3)4
D G
CS
(4,3
,6)4
D C
S(4
,3,3
)4D
GC
S
(4,3
,6)1
6QA
M U
ng(4,3
,6)3
2QA
M U
ngV
.32
-2.02
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0-
12.02
14.04
Pow
er E
ffic
ienc
y, E
b/N
0 (dB
)
0.0
1.0
2.0
Bandwidth Efficiency, η (bits/signal)T
he F
ifth
Day
1988
(10
-10 B
ER
)
BPS
K B
ound
s
QPS
K B
ound
Capacity Bound
QP
SK1
BP
SK
Ham
m(7
,4)
Ham
m(1
5,11
)
Ham
m(3
1,26
)
Gol
ay(2
4,12
)
3
(32,
6)R
M
BC
H(3
1,16
)5
DIT
EC
(32,
6)M
arin
er6
BC
H(2
55,1
23)
7
Pio
neer
RS
(64,
32)
SP
AD
E
RS
(255
,223
)
QR
(48,
24)8
LDP
CLD
PC
(2,1
,6)Q
PS
K
Voy
ager9
(2,1
,6)V
it
(3,2
,2)8
PS
K U
ng
1
(3,1
,6)V
it
BH
D:
Imai
ML
Gal
ileo
(4,1
,14)
BP
SK
8
(2,1
,6)A
M U
ng
(3,2
,6)8
PS
K U
ngP
ragm
atic;
(3,2
,4)8
D W
ei
(4,3
,4)4
D W
ei
-2.02
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0-
12.02
14.04
16.0=
18.0>
Pow
er E
ffic
ienc
y, E
b/N
0 (dB
)
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
Bandwidth Efficiency, η (bits/signal)T
he F
ifth
Day
1988
(10
-10 B
ER
)
BPS
K B
ound
s
QPS
K B
ound
8PSK
Bou
nd
16Q
AM
Bou
nd
R0 Bound
16Q
AM/
8PS
K
Capacity Bound
QP
SK1
BP
SK
Gol
ay(2
4,12
)
3
DIT
EC
(32,
6)M
arin
er6
BC
H(2
55,1
23)
Pio
neer
RS
(255
,223
)
(2,1
,6)Q
PS
K
Voy
ager9
(2,1
,6)V
it
(3,2
,2)8
PS
K U
ng
1
(3,1
,6)V
itG
alile
o(4
,1,1
4)B
PS
K
8
(2,1
,6)A
M U
ng
(3,2
,6)8
PS
K U
ng
Pra
gmat
ic;
(3,2
,4)8
D W
ei
(4,3
,4)4
D W
ei
Imai
ML<
(4,3
,3)4
D G
CS
(4,3
,6)4
D C
S(4
,3,3
)4D
GC
S
(4,3
,6)1
6QA
M U
ng
(4,3
,6)3
2QA
M U
ngV
.32
-2.02
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0-
12.02
Pow
er E
ffic
ienc
y, E
b/N
0 (dB
)
0.0
1.0
2.0
Bandwidth Efficiency, η (bits/signal)T
he S
ixth
Day
1998
(10
-5 B
ER
)
BPS
K B
ound
s
QPS
K B
ound
Capacity Bound
QP
SK1
BP
SK
Ham
m(7
,4)
Ham
m(1
5,11
)
Ham
m(3
1,26
)
Gol
ay(2
4,12
)
3
(32,
6)R
M
BC
H(3
1,16
)5
DIT
EC
(32,
6)M
arin
er6
BC
H(2
55,1
23)
7
Pio
neer
RS
(64,
32)
SP
AD
E
RS
(255
,223
)
(2,1
,6)Q
PS
K
Voy
ager9
(2,1
,6)V
it
(3,2
,2)8
PS
K U
ng
1
(3,1
,6)V
it
BH
D:LD
PC
QR
(48,
24)8
Gal
ileo
(4,1
,14)
BP
SK
8
(2,1
,6)A
M U
ng
(3,2
,6)8
PS
K U
ngP
ragm
atic;
(2,1
,4)G
U 3
x4P
SK
?
turb
o(65
536,
18)
7
(64,
22)R
M
(64,
42)R
M
turb
o(16
384,
18)
@
Gol
ay(2
4,12
)
BC
H(6
4,45
)
GS
M0
(3,2
,17)
8PS
KA
8x8P
SK
BC
M
IS95
turb
o(10
24,1
8)
AP
P1(3,2
,4)8
D W
ei
(4,3
,4)4
D W
ei
Imai
ML<
BH
D:
BH
D/T
CMB
TT
CM
/8P
SK
TT
CM
/16Q
AM
Ham
m/tu
rbo
-2.02
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0-
12.02
14.04
Pow
er E
ffic
ienc
y, E
b/N
0 (dB
)
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
Bandwidth Efficiency, η (bits/signal)T
he S
ixth
Day
1998
(10
-5 B
ER
)
BPS
K B
ound
s
QPS
K B
ound
8PSK
Bou
nd
16Q
AM
Bou
nd
R0 B
ound
16Q
AM/
8PS
K
Capac
ity B
ound
QP
SK1
BP
SK
Gol
ay(2
4,12
)
3
DIT
EC
(32,
6)M
arin
er6
BC
H(2
55,1
23)
7
Pio
neer
RS
(255
,223
)
(2,1
,6)Q
PS
K
Voy
ager9
(2,1
,6)V
it
(3,2
,2)8
PS
K U
ng
1
(3,1
,6)V
itG
alile
o(4
,1,1
4)B
PS
K
8
(2,1
,6)A
M U
ng
(3,2
,6)8
PS
K U
ngP
ragm
atic; (3,2
,4)8
D W
ei
(4,3
,4)4
D W
ei
AP
P1
Imai
ML<
(4,3
,3)4
D G
CS
8(4,3
,6)4
D C
S(4
,3,3
)4D
GC
S
(4,3
,6)1
6QA
M U
ng
/
(4,3
,6)3
2QA
M U
ngV
.32
Gol
ay(2
4,12
)
3
turb
o(65
536,
18)
7
(64,
22)R
MC(2
,1,4
)GU
3x4
PS
K
(3,2
,2)G
U 3
x8P
SK
(6,5
,4)2
x8P
SK
(4,3
,4)1
6QA
M N
L(4
,3,1
6)16
QA
M
8x8P
SK
BC
M
ML
LDG
M
ML/
turb
o
(3,2
,17)
8PS
KA
BH
D:
BH
D/T
CMB
TT
CM
/16Q
AM
TT
CM
/8P
SK
-2.02
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0-
12.02
14.04
16.0=
18.0>
20.0-
22.02
24.04
Pow
er E
ffic
ienc
y, E
b/N
0 (dB
)
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
Bandwidth Efficiency, η (bits/signal)T
he S
ixth
Day
1998
(10
-5 B
ER
)
BPS
K B
ound
s
QPS
K B
ound
8PSK
Bou
nd
16Q
AM
Bou
nd
R0 B
ound
16Q
AM/
8PS
K0
Capac
ity B
ound
QP
SK1
BP
SK
32Q
AM/
64Q
AM/
128Q
AM/
256Q
AM/
32Q
AM
Bou
nd
64Q
AM
Bou
nd
128Q
AM
Bou
nd
256Q
AM
Bou
nd
RS
(255
,223
)
Voy
ager
(2,1
,6)V
it
Gal
ileo
(4,1
,14)
BP
SK
(3,2
,6)8
PS
K U
ng
(3,2
,4)8
D W
ei
(4,3
,4)4
D W
ei
(4,3
,3)4
D G
CS
(4,3
,6)4
D C
S
(4,3
,3)4
D G
CS(4,3
,6)1
6QA
M U
ng
(4,3
,6)3
2QA
M U
ngV
.32
Gol
ay(2
4,12
)tu
rbo(
6553
6,18
)
7(2,1
,4)G
U 3
x4P
SK
(4,3
,4)1
6QA
M N
L(4
,3,1
6)16
QA
M
8x8P
SK
BC
M
ML/
turb
o
(3,2
,17)
8PS
KA
(4,3
,4)4
D W
ei(4,3
,4)4
D W
ei
(4,3
,4)4
D W
ei(4,3
,4)4
D W
eiV
.345
P
1 2
(4,3
,6)6
4QA
M U
ng
/
(4,3
,17)
256Q
AM
TT
CM
/16Q
AMD
-2.02
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0-
12.02
14.04
Pow
er E
ffic
ienc
y, E
b/N
0 (dB
)
0.0
1.0
2.0
Bandwidth Efficiency, η (bits/signal)T
he S
ixth
Day
1998
(10
-10 B
ER
)
BPS
K B
ound
s
QPS
K B
ound
Capacity Bound
QP
SK1
BP
SK
Ham
m(7
,4)
Ham
m(1
5,11
)
Ham
m(3
1,26
)
Gol
ay(2
4,12
)
3
(32,
6)R
M
BC
H(3
1,16
)5
DIT
EC
(32,
6)M
arin
er6
BC
H(2
55,1
23)
7
Pio
neer
RS
(64,
32)
SP
AD
E
RS
(255
,223
)
QR
(48,
24)8
(2,1
,6)Q
PS
K
Voy
ager9
(2,1
,6)V
it
(3,2
,2)8
PS
K U
ng
1
(3,1
,6)V
it
BH
D:
Imai
ML
Gal
ileo
(4,1
,14)
BP
SK
8
(2,1
,6)A
M U
ng
(3,2
,6)8
PS
K U
ngP
ragm
atic;
(2,1
,4)G
U 3
x4P
SK
?
turb
o(65
536,
18)
7(6
4,22
)RM
(64,
42)R
M
8x8P
SK
BC
ME
turb
o(16
384,
18)
@
Gol
ay(2
4,12
)
BC
H(6
4,45
)
(3,2
,17)
8PS
KA
8x8P
SK
BC
M
(3,2
,4)8
D W
ei
(4,3
,4)4
D W
ei
GS
M
IS95
BH
D:
BH
D/T
CMB
-2.02
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0-
12.02
14.04
16.0=
18.0>
Pow
er E
ffic
ienc
y, E
b/N
0 (dB
)
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
Bandwidth Efficiency, η (bits/signal)T
he S
ixth
Day
1998
(10
-10 B
ER
)
BPS
K B
ound
s
QPS
K B
ound
8PSK
Bou
nd
16Q
AM
Bou
nd
R0 Bound
16Q
AM/
8PS
K
Capacity Bound
QP
SK1
BP
SK
Gol
ay(2
4,12
)
3
DIT
EC
(32,
6)M
arin
er6
BC
H(2
55,1
23)
7
Pio
neer
RS
(255
,223
)
(2,1
,6)Q
PS
K
Voy
ager9
(2,1
,6)V
it
(3,2
,2)8
PS
K U
ng
1
(3,1
,6)V
itG
alile
o(4
,1,1
4)B
PS
K
8
(2,1
,6)A
M U
ng
(3,2
,6)8
PS
K U
ng
Pra
gmat
ic
(3,2
,4)8
D W
ei
(4,3
,4)4
D W
ei
Imai
ML<
(4,3
,3)4
D G
CS
(4,3
,6)4
D C
S(4
,3,3
)4D
GC
S
(4,3
,6)1
6QA
M U
ng
/
(4,3
,6)3
2QA
M U
ngV
.32
Gol
ay(2
4,12
)
3
turb
o(65
536,
18)
7
(64,
22)R
MC(2
,1,4
)GU
3x4
PS
K
(3,2
,2)G
U 3
x8P
SK
(6,5
,4)2
x8P
SK(4
,3,4
)16Q
AM
NL
(4,3
,16)
16Q
AM 8x
8PS
K B
CM
(3,2
,17)
8PS
KAB
HD:
BH
D/T
CMB
-2.02
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0-
12.02
14.04
16.0=
18.0>
20.0-
22.02
24.04
26.0=
28.0>
30.0-
Pow
er E
ffic
ienc
y, E
b/N
0 (dB
)
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
Bandwidth Efficiency, η (bits/signal)T
he S
ixth
Day
1998
(10
-10 B
ER
)
BPS
K B
ound
s
QPS
K B
ound
8PSK
Bou
nd
16Q
AM
Bou
nd
R0 B
ound
16Q
AM/
8PS
K
Capac
ity B
ound
QP
SK1
BP
SK
32Q
AM/
64Q
AM/
128Q
AM/
256Q
AM/
32Q
AM
Bou
nd
64Q
AM
Bou
nd
128Q
AM
Bou
nd
256Q
AM
Bou
nd
RS
(255
,223
)
Voy
ager
(2,1
,6)V
itG
alile
o(4
,1,1
4)B
PS
K
(3,2
,6)8
PS
K U
ng
(3,2
,4)8
D W
ei
(4,3
,4)4
D W
ei
(4,3
,3)4
D G
CS
(4,3
,6)4
D C
S (4,3
,3)4
D G
CS
(4,3
,6)1
6QA
M U
ng
(4,3
,6)3
2QA
M U
ngV
.32
Gol
ay(2
4,12
)tu
rbo(
6553
6,18
)
(2,1
,4)G
U 3
x4P
SK
(4,3
,4)1
6QA
M N
L(4
,3,1
6)16
QA
M
8x8P
SK
BC
M
(3,2
,17)
8PS
KA
(4,3
,4)4
D W
ei(4,3
,4)4
D W
ei
(4,3
,4)4
D W
ei(4,3
,4)4
D W
ei
V.3
45
(4,3
,17)
256Q
AM P
1 2(4
,3,6
)64Q
AM
Ung
/
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