1. what is the experimental process? 1. what is the experimental process? (inquiry or scientific...

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Page 1: 1. What is the experimental process? 1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method) 2. What are the key items to consider when
Page 2: 1. What is the experimental process? 1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method) 2. What are the key items to consider when

1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method)

2. What are the key items to consider when designing an experiment?

Goal: to answer these questions:

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Page 3: 1. What is the experimental process? 1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method) 2. What are the key items to consider when

1. What is the experimental process?

Identify aProblem

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Page 4: 1. What is the experimental process? 1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method) 2. What are the key items to consider when

Identify aProblem

MakeObservations

MakeObservations

The basic steps

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Page 5: 1. What is the experimental process? 1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method) 2. What are the key items to consider when

1. Identify a Problem

c. Create a scientific Question

a. Decide what to study

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Ex: Will tulips grow faster with fertilizer?

Page 6: 1. What is the experimental process? 1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method) 2. What are the key items to consider when

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Page 7: 1. What is the experimental process? 1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method) 2. What are the key items to consider when

Study Subject = Tulips

Fertilizer

Height

Question Format:

Writing Questions

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Page 8: 1. What is the experimental process? 1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method) 2. What are the key items to consider when

2. Form the Hypothesis

Hypothesis = Prediction with a reason

If, Then – compared to, Because format

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Page 9: 1. What is the experimental process? 1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method) 2. What are the key items to consider when

If fertilizer is applied to tulips,

Then the tulips with fertilizer will grow taller

If, Then - compared to Prediction format

compared to tulips without fertilizer

Compare to Control

Writing the Prediction

2. Form a Hypothesis

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Page 10: 1. What is the experimental process? 1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method) 2. What are the key items to consider when

Because fertilizer has nutrients that increases tulip growth. Therefore tulips with fertilizer will grow taller.

Prediction: If fertilizer is applied to tulips,

Then the tulips with fertilizer will increase in height

compared to tulips without fertilizer….

Adding a reason

2. Form a Hypothesis

Page 11: 1. What is the experimental process? 1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method) 2. What are the key items to consider when

3. Perform an Experiment

a. Materials

d. Procedure

b. Trials

c. Variables

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Page 12: 1. What is the experimental process? 1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method) 2. What are the key items to consider when

3. Perform an Experimenta. Identify Materials

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Page 13: 1. What is the experimental process? 1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method) 2. What are the key items to consider when

Question 1: What are the two types, or groups, of Trials in an Experiment ?

Control and Experimental Trial!

Question 2: What are the key differences between these trials?

The Control trial results are compared to the Experimental Trial results

3. Perform an Experiment -> b. Trials

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Page 14: 1. What is the experimental process? 1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method) 2. What are the key items to consider when

Example

3. Perform an Experiment

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Page 15: 1. What is the experimental process? 1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method) 2. What are the key items to consider when

c. The World of Variables

3. Perform an Experiment

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Page 16: 1. What is the experimental process? 1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method) 2. What are the key items to consider when

3. Perform an Experiment

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Page 17: 1. What is the experimental process? 1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method) 2. What are the key items to consider when

What are two ways to control

Variables?

c. Controlling Variables

3. Perform an experiment

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Page 18: 1. What is the experimental process? 1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method) 2. What are the key items to consider when

Create a Controlled Environment

3. Perform an Experiment

One way is to:

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Page 19: 1. What is the experimental process? 1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method) 2. What are the key items to consider when

Expose all trials to the same changing conditions.

3. Perform an Experiment

Another way to control variables is to:

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Page 20: 1. What is the experimental process? 1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method) 2. What are the key items to consider when

Identify …..

A Controlled variable?

The Manipulated variable? The Responding

Variable?

An UncontrolledVariable?

3. Perform an Experiment

Tulip Height

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Page 21: 1. What is the experimental process? 1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method) 2. What are the key items to consider when

d. Develop a Procedure

a. Create list of Materials

Includes: i. Jobs

ii. Safety Equipment (PPE) & hazards

iii. Clean Up

3. Perform an Experiment

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Page 22: 1. What is the experimental process? 1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method) 2. What are the key items to consider when

3. Perform an Experiment – Its only as good

as the data gathered.

Week 1

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Page 23: 1. What is the experimental process? 1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method) 2. What are the key items to consider when

3. Perform an Experiment Be consistent throughout the experiment.

Week Three

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Page 24: 1. What is the experimental process? 1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method) 2. What are the key items to consider when

3. Perform an ExperimentEnsure Reliability

Repeat the experiment 3x

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Page 25: 1. What is the experimental process? 1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method) 2. What are the key items to consider when

8. Analyze the Data

• Calculate Highs, Lows, Averages • Compare Experimental data to Control data• Look for Key Differences• Identify and Interpret patterns & variations• Make inferences from the data gathered

• Identify sources of errorschmied©2013

Page 26: 1. What is the experimental process? 1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method) 2. What are the key items to consider when

Error: What is error?

An error is a mistake in perception, measurement or process. The types of error are:

a. Experimental Design error:

b. Operator Error.

c. Observation Error:

d. Recording Error: 

e. Calculation Error: 

f. Measuring tool limitation.

Page 27: 1. What is the experimental process? 1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method) 2. What are the key items to consider when

a. State the question

b. Restate the Hypothesisc. Tell if Hypothesis is Accepted or Rejected

i. Explain why using DATA (Hi, Low, Avg etc)

9. Develop a Conclusion:

ii. Tell what you conclude from the dataiii. Make inferences from the findings

Clearly distinguish between the evidence and your explanations.

iv. Evaluate the Reliability of the datav. Tell sources of error & effect on results

vi. Describe how to increase the Validity.schmied©2013

Page 28: 1. What is the experimental process? 1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method) 2. What are the key items to consider when

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Elements of an experiment

Page 29: 1. What is the experimental process? 1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method) 2. What are the key items to consider when

Improving Validity

Let’s explore a couple ways that might improve the validity of the results from the Tulip experiment.

Assume that the original class results show the tulips with fertilizer added actually grew taller.

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Page 30: 1. What is the experimental process? 1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method) 2. What are the key items to consider when

A. Do more trials, each with different amount of fertilizer. Goal: See if a difference in tulip height can be linked to

the amount of fertilizer given.

Validity Example 1

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Page 31: 1. What is the experimental process? 1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method) 2. What are the key items to consider when

Daffodil TrialsWeek 8

b. Do more trials with another plant, like daffodils. See if adding fertilizer increases daffodil height.

Validity Example 2

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Page 32: 1. What is the experimental process? 1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method) 2. What are the key items to consider when

c. Do Tulip trials with varying concentrations of fertilizer, but add Daffodil trials too.

Validity Example 3

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Page 33: 1. What is the experimental process? 1. What is the experimental process? (Inquiry or Scientific method) 2. What are the key items to consider when

7. Communicate results to peers & defend.Information becomes part of the world of science.

1. State the ProblemTake data

Make Inferencesfrom data about

a problem.

1b. Create QuestionDevelop question intopotential experiment.Identify SS, MV & RV

2a Create PredictionFinalize details ofExperiment….. Control & Exp Trials

2b. Form the Hypothesis

3. Do the experimentGather data

4. Record & Analyzethe data

6. Hypothesisaccepted repeat 3x

5. Draw ConclusionsTell if Hypothesiswas accepted or rejecteddiscuss data and methods

Hypothesis Rejected?start over

Scientific Method

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