1 what is self-archiving …and why should i care? daniel graziotin faculty of computer science free...
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What is self-archiving…and why should I care?
Daniel GraziotinFaculty of Computer ScienceFree University of Bozen-Bolzano
26/09/2013
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Why..should I self-archive?
Where / HowTools to guide, archives
WhenWhen is the time to self-archive?
ConclusionsFinal remarks
WhatPaywalls, eprints, Copyright, and self-archiving 1
2
3
4
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Scenario“There is a research opportunity. The area is not completely common for us. Deadline is yesterday”
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Photo: [JO]² - Immortal Lens (Youssef Hanna)/flickr
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In Desperate Need for a DefinitionWhat would a good researcher do?
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In Desperate Need for a DefinitionWhat would a good researcher do? Of course,
-> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-archiving
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‣ Self-archiving
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‣ Self-archiving
‣ “Yes, a reference for the definition!”
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#$*@&!!!! A Paywall!
WhatPaywalls
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‣ It costs 16 USD to access this article
• Standard price is 30/40 USD
• What if we need 15 articles?
• How many purchases?
WhatPaywalls
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‣ It costs 16USD to access this article
• Standard price is 30/40 USD
• What if we need 15 articles for a literature review?
• How many purchases for selecting 15 of them?
‣ The Library can provide it for us
• …in an awkwardly scanned PDF
• …often, in 30+ days
WhatPaywalls
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‣ It costs 16USD to access this article
• Standard price is 30/40 USD
• What if we need 15 articles for a literature review?
• How many purchases for selecting 15 of them?
‣ The Library can provide it for us
• …in an awkwardly scanned PDF
• …often, in 30+ days
‣ Alternatives?
WhatPaywalls
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WhatEprints
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Alternatives?
WhatEprints
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‣ EPRINT
‣ A digital version of a research document (article, thesis, conference paper, …)
• Freely accessible online
‣ Where are them?
• Authors’ websites
• University repositories
• Other repositories
Source: [1,2]
WhatEprints
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PREPRINT
‣ Draft of scientific paper
‣ Not yet been formally accepted for publication
‣ Usually, before review
‣ Including revised papers
‣ major revisions
‣ Minor revisionsSource: [3]
WhatPreprints, postprints, and the publisher’s PDF
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WhatPreprints, postprints, and the publisher’s PDF
PREPRINT
‣ Draft of scientific paper
‣ Not yet been formally accepted for publication
‣ Usually, before review
‣ Including revised papers
‣ major revisions
‣ Minor revisions
POSTPRINT
‣ The accepted paper
‣ Not the published paper
‣ Author-generated
Source: [3]
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WhatPreprints, postprints, and the publisher’s PDF
PREPRINT
‣ Draft of scientific paper
‣ Not yet been formally accepted for publication
‣ Usually, before review
‣ Including revised papers
‣ major revisions
‣ Minor revisions
POSTPRINT
‣ The accepted paper
‣ Not the published paper
‣ Author-generated
PUBLISHER PDF
‣ The published paper
‣ Type-setted
‣ “Good-looking”
‣ Downloadable from publisher/journal website
Source: [3]
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What
‣ When researchers make publicly available copies of preprints and postprints
• On their personal website
• On a university repository
• On a public repository
Self-archiving
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What
‣ When researchers make publicly available copies of preprints and postprints
• On their personal website
• On a university repository
• On a public repository
‣ Also known as green Open Access [4]
Self-archiving
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What
‣ When researchers make publicly available copies of preprints and postprints
‣ Also known as green Open Access
‣ Is it allowed?
Self-archiving
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What
‣ When researchers make publicly available copies of preprints and postprints
‣ Is it allowed?
• Most of the time
• Granted in Copyright Transfer Agreements of most publishers
• ACM, IEEE, INFORMS, Elsevier, ME Sharpe, Palgrave Macmillan, Springer Verlag, John Wiley and Sons [4]
Self-archiving
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WhatCopyright Transfer Agreement
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WhatCopyright Transfer Agreement and self-archiving
‣ 8. Electronic Preprints. Before submitting [..], authors frequently post their manuscripts to their own web site, their employer’s site, or to another server that invites constructive comment from colleagues. [..]
‣ Upon publication of an article [..], the author must replace any previously posted electronic versions of the article with either
• the full citation to the IEEE work with a [..] link to the article abstract in IEEE Xplore, or
• the accepted version only [the postprint!] (not the IEEE-published version), including the IEEE copyright notice and full citation, with a link to the final, published article in IEEE Xplore
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Why..should I self-archive?
Where / HowTools to guide, archives
WhenWhen is the time to self-archive?
ConclusionsFinal remarks
WhatPaywalls, eprints, Copyright, and self-archiving 1
2
3
4
5
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Why self-archiving?
10
90
Not Allowed
Allowed
First, because we can
Source: Name of Data Provider
Scientific PublishersSelf-archiving allowance
Source: [5]
However, under different conditions
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Why self-archiving?
85
15
Not self-archived
Self-archived
However, not that achieved
Source: Name of Data Provider
Scientific PublishersSelf-archiving allowance
Source: [5]
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Why self-archiving?
‣ Allowed by ~90% of scientific publishers, achieved by ~15% of papers
‣ As a “community service”
• Every time you hit a paywall, think about how easily it can be avoided
A WIN-WIN Game
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Why self-archiving?
‣ Allowed by ~90% of scientific publishers, achieved by ~15% of papers
‣ As a “community service”
‣ As an advantage for your research
• Significantly wider audience – including Industry [6]
A WIN-WIN Game
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Why self-archiving?
‣ Allowed by ~90% of scientific publishers, achieved by ~15% of papers
‣ As a “community service”
‣ As an advantage for your research
• Significantly wider audience – including Industry [6]
• Significant gain in the number of citations [7,8]
A WIN-WIN Game
![Page 31: 1 What is self-archiving …and why should I care? Daniel Graziotin Faculty of Computer Science Free University of Bozen-Bolzano 26/09/2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649e195503460f94b0697e/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
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Why..should I self-archive?
Where / HowTools to guide, archives
WhenWhen is the time to self-archive?
ConclusionsFinal remarks
WhatPaywalls, eprints, Copyright, and self-archiving 1
2
3
4
5
![Page 32: 1 What is self-archiving …and why should I care? Daniel Graziotin Faculty of Computer Science Free University of Bozen-Bolzano 26/09/2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649e195503460f94b0697e/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
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Where / How to self-archive
‣ Not all Copyright Transfer Agreements are that clear
• Was it clear?
• Is there a clever, faster way to understand?
Recalling the Copyright Transfer Agreement seen before
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Where / How to self-archive
‣ Not all Copyright Transfer Agreements are that clear
• Is there a clever, faster way?
‣ rchiveit – can I self-archive my scientific preprint?
‣ http://rchive.it
rchiveit
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Where / How to self-archiverchiveit
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Where / How to self-archiverchiveit
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Where / How to self-archive
‣ Additional conditions are listed
‣ Links to Copyright Transfer Agreements
‣ Free to use
‣ Employs SHERPA/RoMEO APIs
‣ http://rchive.it
rchiveit
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Where / How to self-archive
‣ On our personal website (including unibz.it/~name)
• Google Scholar finds it
• Simple Web pages are not forever [9]
Personal Websites
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Where / How to self-archive
‣ On our personal website (including unibz.it/~name)
‣ On a repository
• arXiv
• figshare
• Many others..
Personal Websites
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Where / How to self-archive
‣ arXiv.org
• Most famous, employed, and sustained
• Only eprints
‣ figshare.com
Public Repositories
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Where / How to self-archive
‣ arXiv.org
‣ figshare.com
• Newcomer
• “Cool” and fresh
• Any research outputs (including figures, tables, presentations, and datasets)
- What is self-archiving - and why should I care? Daniel Graziotin. figshare 1(1). DOI=10.6084/m9.figshare.806275
• Also Open-Data
• Subject of future presentation
Public Repositories
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Where / How to self-archive
‣ Pronounced “archive”
‣ Launched in 1991, operated by Cornell University
‣ Mathematics, Physics, Astronomy, Computer Science, …
‣ World-wide distributed and founded (including EU)
‣ > 7000 articles / month
‣ Indexed in the DBLP and Google Scholar
arXiv
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Where / How to self-archivearXiv
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Where / How to self-archivearXiv
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Where / How to self-archive
‣ Submission takes less than 5 minutes
‣ Head to http://arXiv.org
‣ Publication happens in a working day
• Unless held from moderators
arXiv
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Where / How to self-archivearXiv
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Where / How to self-archivearXiv - Hints
‣ Unless you understand CC licenses, ALWAYS select the arXiv.org license
‣ Never Public Domain. http://r6.ca/blog/20110930T012533Z.html
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Where / How to self-archive
‣ Transparency. Use the comments field
• Number pages, figures
• Based on another publication
• Sentences/links that the publisher wants, i.e., “The final publication is available at link.springer.com”
‣ Do not flood it
arXiv - Hints
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Where / How to self-archivearXiv - Hints
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Where / How to self-archive
‣ How to prevent people to cite the arXiv version?
• It should never happen
- Why would you cite a preprint instead of the peer-reviewed version?
- Google Scholar can merge the citations
- There is still nothing wrong with it
• Guide the readers. Use the comments and the paper itself
arXiv - Hints
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Where / How to self-archivearXiv - Hints
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Where / How to self-archivearXiv - Hints
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Why..should I self-archive?
Where / HowTools to guide, archives
WhenWhen is the time to self-archive?
ConclusionsFinal remarks
WhatPaywalls, eprints, Copyright, and self-archiving 1
2
3
4
5
![Page 53: 1 What is self-archiving …and why should I care? Daniel Graziotin Faculty of Computer Science Free University of Bozen-Bolzano 26/09/2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649e195503460f94b0697e/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
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When to self-archive
‣ Whenever you want
‣ Even before considering submission
• “Establish a precedent”
• Request comments
‣ Keep the eprint updated
‣ Check http://rchive.it and the Copyright Transfer Agreement
Submitting to a journal
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When to self-archive
‣ After acceptance
‣ After proceedings publication
‣ Why not before?
• Some conference organizers demand no prior publication of the work
Submitting to a conference
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Why..should I self-archive?
Where / HowTools to guide, archives
WhenWhen is the time to self-archive?
ConclusionsFinal remarks
WhatPaywalls, eprints, Copyright, and self-archiving 1
2
3
4
5
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Final Remarks
Self-archiving
‣ Is a WIN-WIN game
• Wider access to literature for EVERYONE
• More citations for the authors
• Easy and fast to perform
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Final Remarks
Self-archiving
‣ Permitted by most publishers
‣ Tools exist to help
• http://rchive.it
• http://arXiv.org
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Final Remarks
Self-archiving
‣ For journal articles
• always, if permitted
‣ For conference articles
• only after acceptance / publication, if permitted
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Final Remarks
‣ No. But..
‣ ..watch the repository license carefully
• General non-exclusive license to distribute is fine
• Creative Commons are powerful
Can it harm?
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Final Remarks
‣ Creative Commons should be widely understood before using them
- CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (attribution, noncommercial, sharealike) is interesting and a must for Open Access journals
- Traditional journals may not like it
- CC Public Domain Declaration may kill the paper
- Especially for conference proceedings
Can it harm?
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Is that all?
‣ We can talk about
‣ Open Access
• Green, Gold, and Hybrid
‣ Open Data
‣ Publishing research outputs (see http://figshare.com)
‣ Making software citable (see http://openresearchsoftware.metajnl.com )
‣ Publishing negative research
‣ Creative Commons Licenses
‣ http://task3.cc
Absolutely not!
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Thank you for your attentionQuestionsInteractive Demos
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2. Swan A, Needham P, Probets S, Muir A, Oppenheim C, O’Brien, A, Hardy, R, Rowland, F, Brown, S (2005) Developing a model for e-prints and open access journal content in UK further and higher education. Learned Publishing, 18 (1). pp. 25-40.
3. Harnad, Stevan (2003). "Electronic preprints and postprints"
4. Graziotin D, Wang X, Abrahamsson P (2013) A Framework for Systematic Analysis of Open Access Journals and its Application in Software Engineering and Information Systems. arXiv:1308.2597.
5. Harnad S, Brody T, Vallières F, Carr L, Hitchcock S, Gingras Y, Oppenheim C, Hajjem Chawki, Hilf ER (2008) The Access/Impact Problem and the Green and Gold Roads to Open Access: An Update. Serials Review 34(1): 36-40. DOI:10.1016/j.serrev.2007.12.005
6. Harnad S, Brody T (2004) Comparing the Impact of Open Access (OA) vs. Non-OA Articles in the Same Journals. DLib Magazine 10: 2–6. DOI: 10.1045/june2004-harnad
7. Eysenbach G (2006) Citation Advantage of Open Access Articles. PLoS Biol 4(5): e157. DOI:10.1371/journal.pbio.0040157
8. Gargouri Y, Hajjem C, Larivière V, Gingras Y, Carr L, et al. (2010) Self-Selected or Mandated, Open Access Increases Citation Impact for Higher Quality Research. PLoS ONE 5(10): e13636. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0013636
9. Koehler W (2002) Web page change and persistence? A four-year longitudinal study. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 53:162–171. doi:10.1002/asi.10018
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