1-water safety plan for water quality management - pub singapore

8/6/2019 1-Water Safety Plan for Water Quality Management - PUB Singapore

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Water Safety Plan for Water QualityWater Safety Plan for Water Quality

ManagementManagement The Singapore ExperienceThe Singapore Experience

Josephine Leong Yin Hou, Senior Chemist

Technology & Water Quality Office, PUB


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Land Area 697 km2

Population 5 mil

Average Annual Rainfall 2,400 mm

Average Water Demand 1.3 mil m3/day

CountryInformation

Background


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To deliver and sustain a clean and

healthy environment and water

resources for all in Singapore.

Singapores national wateragency that manages the

nations water supply, watercatchment and used water in anintegrated way. The majorsupplier of piped drinking water

Regulates the quality of piped

drinking water supplied bywater suppliers from theirtratment plants and throughwater mains in Singapore

Background


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Environmental Health (Quality of Piped

Drinking Water) Regulations The Schedule

Water Safety Plan / Water Sampling Plan

Notification, Remedial Measures, Records Keeping

Code of Practice on water safety and

sampling plans as a guidance document

2008

Regulation


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A plan describing the risk assessment and risk management

measures that are or are to be used in order to minimize

the likelihood of any piped drinking water failing to comply

with the water quality standards specified in the Schedule

of the Environmental Public Health (Quality of Piped

Drinking Water Regulations)

Water Safety Plan

Methodology and Key Step :

Chapter 4 (Water Safety Plans) of the WHO Guidelines for Drinking

Water QualityWHO document on Water Safety Plans

Definition of Water Safety Plan


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Health Based Targets(The Schedule listed in the Piped Drinking

Water Regulations)

National Environment Agency(Regulator)

Water Safety Plan (PUB/water suppliers)(Code of Practice on Piped Drinking Water Sampling and Safety Plans)

System Assessment(reservoir, treatment plant,

distribution networks)

Effective Monitoring/

Control Measure(Water Sampling Plan)

Management /

Communication Plan(corrective actions SOP for

normal and incident

conditions, notification )

Surveillance(Audit)

Water Safety Team*(plan, develop, verify and implement)

* Multidisciplinary including those who should have the knowledge of the system and have the authority toimplement the necessary changes to ensure that safe water is produced and supplied.

WSP Framework


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Regulation


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Overview of Implementation of Integrated

Management System in PUB ISO 9001:2000 certification in 2003 for the scope of

management, operation and maintenance of waterworks.

Certifications forHazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP);

ISO 14001 (Environmental Management Systems) and

ISO 18001 (Occupational Safety & Health ManagementSystems in Feb 2006

=> Integrated 4-in-1 Management System


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Overview of Implementation of Integrated

Management System in PUB10 Steps of WSP

Assemble the team

Describe the water supply system

Undertake a hazard assessment and

risk prioritization

Assess the system

Identify control measures

Define monitoring of control

measures

Establish procedures to verify that

the water safety plan

Develop supporting programs

Prepare management procedures

(corrective actions)

for normal and incident conditions

Establish documentation andcommunication procedures

Principles of HACCP

Conduct a hazard analysis

Identify critical control points

(CCPs)

Establish critical limits

Identify monitoring procedures

Establish corrective action

procedures

Verify/validate HACCP Plan

Establish record keeping and

responsibility

WaterSafety

PlanCatchment

&

Waterway WaterSupply

Plant

Water

Supply

Network

Water Sampling Plan


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Environmental Public Health (Quality of Piped

Drinking Water) Regulations

WHO Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality

(3rd Edition & 2nd Addendum)

USEPA Drinking Water Standards

Operational Control Limits

Quality of Drinking Water


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Drinking Water Quality in Waterworks and

Distribution Network

Benchmark

Waterworks Outlets Distribution Network

Chemical Bacteriological Chemical Bacteriological

EPH (Quality of Piped

Drinking Water) Regulations

[Mandatory]100% pass 100% pass 100% pass 100% pass

WHO Guidelines for Drinking

Water Quality- 100% pass - 100% pass

EPA Drinking Water

Standards 100% pass 100% pass 100% pass 100% pass

Operational Control Limits >95% pass 100% pass > 95%pass 100% pass


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Integrated Water Quality Management


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Aquatic plant removal

Legislation

Land-Use Control

Protected Water Catchment only non-pollutive activities allowed

Unprotected Water Catchment

housing developments and non-pollutive industries with stringent

pollution control measures implemented allowed

Erosion and Sedimentation Control

Catchment Surveillance

Algae control

Water quality monitoring on-line/ fish monitoring system

Aeration

Water Safety Plan (Catchment & Waterway)

Hazard Assessment Risk Proritisation &

Control Measures Catchment & Waterway

Fish culture


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Legislation

Water Pollution Control and Drainage Act

Trade Effluent Regulation

Cattle Act

Poisons Act

Environmental Public Health Act

National Parks Act

Public Utilities Act Public Utilities (Reservoir & Catchment Areas) Regulations





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Erosion and Sedimentation Control

Ensures minimum bare surface

Provides effective silt control measures

perimeter concrete-lined cut-off drains

Silt fence

Silt traps / sedimentation basin

storage tanks

Silt treatment system

For more details, please refer :

website www.pub.gov.sg/ECM

No bareSurfaces

Linedperimetercut-off drain

Siltfence





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Catchment Surveillance





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Multi-Barrier Concept of Water Treatment

Online monitoring of water quality at critical control points

Raw water, dose water, settled water, filtered water, finished water etc.

Raw water (conductivity


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MultiMulti

--Barrier Concept of Water TreatmentBarrier Concept of Water Treatment

COAGULATION

POST-

TREATMENT

STORAGE

Lime Cl2Fluoride

SAND FILTRATION /

MEMBRANE FILTRATION

CLARIFICATION

Cl2 Lime

SCREENING

RAW WATER

RESERVOIR

Cl2

Alum

Polymer

Urbanised CatchmentProtected Central Water Catchment

BIOLOGICAL

ACTIVATED

CARBON

OZONATION


Control Measures Water Treatment Plant


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Service reservoir / Distribution Networks

Online WQ monitoring

Manned by armed guards / Intrusion detection system

Maintain residual chorine to prevent biofilm formation

Regular turnover of water supply

SOPs (leak detection, cross contamination)

Customers Premises / Water Reticulation System

Measures to maintain water quality in customers premises

Legislation & Enforcement


Control Measures Water Supply Network


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Compliance with stipulated Standards & requirements

Professional Engineer/Licensed Plumber to ensure & certifycompliance for water installation work

Enforcement Provisions for enforcement action are provided under PU

Act, Public Utilities (Water Supply) Regulations

Plumbing works for potable/drinking water are only carried out

by PUB licensed water service plumbers to ensure safety

aspects of drinking water supply not compromised

SPEC

IMEN

Water Fittings

Maintaining Water Quality in Customers Premises



Liciensed Plumbers


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Provisions in the Public Utilities (Water Supply) Regulations

Provisions in the Public Utilities (Water Supply) Regulations

Building owners, management agents are required to:

maintain & secure their water service installations (including water tanks),

notify PUB immediately of any water contamination

Once a year, engage a licensed water service plumber to check, clean

/disinfect and certify fitness for storage of potable water

Security Recommendations of Water Tanks Requirements on security of water tanks

Secured and locked access to water tanks



Legislation & Enforcement


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WaterworksWaterworks

SRSRReservoir

RawDosed

SettledFiltered

Treated

Treatment Plants & ServiceTreatment Plants & Service

ReservoirsReservoirs on-line /Manual monitoring

at critical control points inthe process train

Real-time on-line

monitoring

NEWater

NetworkNetwork

ManualSampling

Real-time on-line monitoring

CustomerCustomer

Randommanualsampling atCustomers tap

On-line Manual

Source WaterSource Water

Manual sampling Assessment of long-

term quality trend Project in progress

for on-line

monitoring

Overview of Water Sampling Plan

Water Safety Plan


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Water Safety Plan



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Water Quality Monitoring ApproachWater Quality Monitoring Approach

Routine Sampling

Over 120 sample/week taken from network

50% direct supply, 50% indirect supply

Also include samples from customers premises

Investigatory Sampling

Re-sample when routine sample exceed typical value

Change in network operation or supply source (e.g

Desal zone, source from new reservoir) Report from customers on abnormal water supply

Special Sampling

Sensitive or major events

Step up sampling frequency if necessary


Water Safety Plan


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Water Quality Data Management System

SCADA at plants

System Control Centre

Water Science LabDatacollection

Water Quality Data MgmtSystem

Dataaggregation

Analysisandreporting

Laboratory data Online quality dataData types

Web-based interface Automated reporting

Real-time analysis Alert/escalation mechanism

Built-in Six Sigma tools

A strategic operation system for water quality management


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Water Security

Conventional Fish Tanks

Online surrogateparameters sensors Fish

Biosensors

Water Monitoring Plan

Scenario Planning

Fish Activity Monitoring System (FAMS)

Online Fish Biosensor


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First tier water monitoring- Rapid screening the likely presence of toxic

chemical and biological hazard in water samplewithin 30 minutes

Second tier water monitoring

- Identify the presence of specific chemical andmicrobial contaminants within 4 hours

Third tier water monitoring

- Confirm the presence of specific pathogens within24 48 hours

Three Tiered Water Monitoring PlanThree Tiered Water Monitoring Plan

Water Security

Water Security


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Scenario Planning Carry out desktop analysis/exercise on operation management

across the water systems;

Identify gaps/weaknesses in the water systems; Develop response/mitigation plans to strengthen PUBs operation

management capability and

Expose officers to adopt systems thinking mindset and Build up

competencies.

For example :

Generic scenarios such as power failure, drought, flood, fire etc; Deteriorating raw water reservoir quality affecting treatment

plant etc and

Distribution pipe burst affecting customers etc.

Water Security


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Internal & External Audit Panels

IAP: chaired by local expert inNUS

EAP: 5 foreign experts and 2local experts

Independent audit every 6months

External Audit Panel Area of expertise

Prof Joan Rose (Chairperson) Microbiology

Prof Thomas Grizzard Environmental Engineering/Water Quality Monitoring

Prof Wolfgang Khn Water Chemistry

Prof Laszlo Somlyody Environmental Engineering/Water Quality Monitoring

Mr Michael Wehner Water Quality and Water Technology

Prof Ong Choon Nam Human Health and Toxicology

Prof Lee Hian Kee Environmental and Analytical Chemistry

Surveillance/Audit


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Areas of AuditAreas of Audit

Staff training andcompetency

Sampling and analysis of waterquality including NEWater,

reservoir raw water and potablewater

EmergingIssues &concerns forDrinkingWater

Major water projects and initiatives undertakenby PUB e.g. Tuas Desalination DBOO, Ulu PandanNEWater DBOO Plant, Marina Barrage & Punggol-Serangoon Reservoir Scheme

Operation and maintenance ofNEWater Factories and Waterworks

Surveillance/Audit

l


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P

Consistent,

Good

Quality

R&D in Water Quality

Fish ActivityImaging

Study onNitrification

Microbial Ecology in

distribution system

Wireless Sensorfor Distribution Network (MIT)

Study Flow Patternin SRMinimum

Changes inquality

Prevent

ExternalContamination

AdequateMonitoring

Pumping Mains / SR Transmission / Distribution

Trace Organics& PPCPs

Event Prediction(SANDIA)

Developing WQ Sensors forDeployment in Network

Improving WaterFlow in Pipelines

Response of Surrogatesto Toxic Contaminants

R&D in Water Quality


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Thank YouThank You


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Sustainable Water Solutions for a Changing Urban Environment

4 - 8 July 2011

The global platform for water solutions

Brings together policymakers, industry leaders,

experts and practitioners

Address challenges, showcase technologies,

discover opportunities & celebrate

achievements

Key highlights include Lee Kuan Yew Water Prize,Water Leaders Summit (by invitation only), Water

Convention, Water Expo & Business Forums

Year No. of

attendees

No. of

countries

participated

Value of deals,

tenders &

investments

announced

No. of

co-located

events

No. of

participating

companies in

Water Expo

2008 8,500 79 S$380m 42 350

2009 10,000 82 S$2.2b 76 420

2010 14,000 112 S$2.8b 120 514

1-water safety plan for water quality management - pub singapore

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