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THE ELDERLY IN ISRAEL: THE ELDERLY IN ISRAEL: SELECTED TRENDSSELECTED TRENDS

Jack HabibJack HabibDIRECTORDIRECTOR

MYERS-JDC BROOKDALE INSTITUTEMYERS-JDC BROOKDALE INSTITUTE

February, 2010

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Presentation OutlineAGING OF ISRAELI SOCIETY

SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS

CRITICAL CHALLENGES

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The percentage of the elderly in the total population will increase rapidly from 2015.

2008200820152015202020202025202520302030

Total pop. Total pop. 7,3748,1758,7709,3689,985

65+65+7159011,0691,2241,367

% of 65+% of 65+9.711.012.213.113.7

It will remain relatively lower than most developed countries.

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Life Expectancy in Israel, 2008Life Expectancy in Israel, 2008

83.2 85.3

88.7 89.3

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Total Fertility Rate, by ReligionTotal Fertility Rate, by Religion

Moslems

Druze

Christians

Total

Jews

6

The elderly dependency ratio – the number of elderly divided by the total population of working age, aged 20-64 – will increase

85.6

85.3

(0-19) + (65+)

20-64Total dependency ratio=

87.0

Total

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Elderly Dependency Ratio, 2007Elderly Dependency Ratio, 2007

34.8 32.7 32.3 30.926.2

2118.1

Japan Germany Italy Greece GB US Israel

65+

20-64Elderly dependency ratio=

8

Children Dependency Ratio, 2007Children Dependency Ratio, 2007

30.2 31 31.4 32.639.4

46.1

67.3

Italy Japan GreeceGermany GB US Israel

0-19

20-64Children dependency ratio=

9

Total Dependency Ratio, 2007Total Dependency Ratio, 2007

62.5 62.3 65.3 65.9 65.667.1

85.4

Italy Greece Germany Japan GB US Israel

(0-19) + (65+)

20-64Total dependency ratio=

10

Elderly Dependency Ratio, 2030Elderly Dependency Ratio, 2030

54.8 50 47.742.9 39.6

35.4

24.5

Japan Germany Italy Greece GB US Israel

65+

20-64Elderly dependency ratio=

11

Total Dependency Ratio, 2030Total Dependency Ratio, 2030

75.1 72.3 76.279.8 81.3

82 83.3

Italy Greece GB Israel Japan Germany US

(0-19) + (65+)

20-64Total dependency ratio=

12

7%7%24%

11%

Only Only 22%22% of the of the elderly were born in elderly were born in

IsraelIsrael

New immigrants (since 1990)

Europe Asia -Africa

15%15%

++54% immigrants – before 1990

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A relatively high rate of growth of the Arab elderly population will result in a greater

proportion of Arab elderly

2008200820152015202020202025202520302030

Number Number of Arab of Arab elderlyelderly

52,60072,10093,500123,100164,500

% of the % of the total 65+total 65+

7.48.08.710.112.0

In the next two decades, a higher percentage of the elderly will be Israeli born

Among middle age cohorts, there is a dramatic increase in the percentage born in Israel and a decline in the percentage of new immigrants.

Age group

65+(2008)

55-64(2009-2018)

45-54(2019-2028)

Born in Israel224363

Born abroad (immigrated before 1990)

543918

New immigrants (1990+)241919

Total100100100

In the next two decades, In the next two decades, the elderly will have the elderly will have

higher levels of educationhigher levels of education Years of education by age cohort

14.5

33.9

4.4

47.5

2.8

48.3

65+ 55-64 45-54

0-4 13+

The percentage of older men in the The percentage of older men in the labor force has decreased between labor force has decreased between 1970-2000. There is a slight increase 1970-2000. There is a slight increase

since 2000since 2000 . .

34

89

28

82

20

74

15

64

16

66

16

71

1970 1980 1990 2000 2003 2007

65+

55-64

Percentage of men employed

The percentage of older women in the labor force has remained small. There is a significant and accelerating increase among women ages 55-64.

5

22

7

26

7

30

5

44

5

50

1970 1980 1990 2000 2007

65+

55-64

Percentage of women employed

Estimated Ability in Mobility Outside Home 65+, 2007 (%)

Without help of another person or device

70.6

With device (walking stick, walker)

7.8

With help of another person

8.0

Home bound13.6

65+ Reporting a Physical Problem lasting 6 Months or more, which Causes Considerable

or Severe Difficulty in IADL*

25

19.4

34.2

* Source: National Health Survey, CBS, 2003/2004

Total 65+ 65 - 74 75+

Estimated Percentage of Disabled Elderly in Estimated Percentage of Disabled Elderly in Activities of Daily Living, 2007Activities of Daily Living, 2007

16.5

11.8

19.9

6.6

12.6

38.9

TotalTotal MMenen WWomenomen 65-7465-74 75-7975-79 ++8080

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Characteristics of 65Characteristics of 65++

27.9

55.6

22.824.225.127.1

55.655.756.157.1

2008 2015 2020 2025 2030

WomenWomen

8080++

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The percentage of disabled elderly is not expected to change. Thus, no disproportional increase is expected in theneed for long-term care services. However, because of the absolute growth in the elderly population there will be a continued need for investment in infrastructure.

200420102015

% disabled* among 65+

16.3%17%15.9%

* In basic activities of daily living

Prevalence of Dementia in Israel among Elderly Aged 65+ Living in the Community

17.2 % of those aged 65+ living in the community suffer from dementia at different levels of severity:

8 % mild

4.1 % moderate

5.1 % severe

Estimated Prevalence of Dementia among Elderly Aged 65+ Living in the Community by Age (%) (2007)

Total 65+17.2

65-699.7

70-7412.6

75-7919.1

80-8417.0

85+46.5

Proportion Entitled to Services under the Community Long-term Care

Insurance Law(%)

19905.5

19959.5

200013.1

200114.2

200214.8

200314.7

200414.5

200514.4

200614.8

200715.0

Estimate of Institutionalization Estimate of Institutionalization Rates by Age, 2007Rates by Age, 2007)%( )%(

3.5

0.6

2.2

10.2

Total 65-74 75-79 +80

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Trends in Parent Support Ratio*

58

2621

31

38

3134

30

48

35

26

2027

19 23

2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

ItalyJapanUKUSIsrael

ages 80+/ages 50-64*

Primary Caregivers of Disabled Elderly in Israel

Most are women (about 2/3) Most are spouses or a child Most live with elderly or in geographical proximity Average age is mid-50's, however a significant proportion are 65+ Primary caregivers provide wide range of activities (e.g. personal care, homemaking, errands, emotional support) Significant proportion report difficulties, feelings of burden and stress

Percentage of Caregivers Reporting Burden, by Level of Disability of Elderly in Care

55

79

93

64

7884

94 97 97

Physical burden Affects social life andfree time

Emotional burden

Low

Medium

High

Level of Disability

Total: 75% Total: 75% Total: 96%

40

58

8478

Worked less thanwanted to

Missed workhours/days

Cares for the elderlyperson while at work

Makes phone callsfrom work

The Effect of Caregiving on the Caregiver's Employment )in %(

31

Key ChallengesDementia and depression – diagnosis and care

Supporting families (i.e. information, training and emotional support)

End of life care - is relatively at early stages of development

Prevention- more emphasis on health promotion and rehabilitation to prevent functional dependency or deterioration

The elderly as a resource