1

The Critical Period

REVIEW

Thomas Jefferson – Ch11

• War with GB & FR

• British Orders in Council 1806– Shipping must stop in GB before France– 6,000 Americans impressed

• GB fires on the Chesapeake

• US Embargo Act of 1807– No trading to foreign countries – Colonial Response: “That Dambargo!”– Non-Intercourse Act of 1809 (trade yes, GB/FR no)

America: A Nutcrackered Neutral

• US turned to building factories

That “Dambargo” was pretty “Damgood”

Chapter 12

President Monroe

4

• Non Intercourse Act = Macon’s Bill No. 2– Opens all trade– If we trade w/GB…we won’t trade w/Fr– Vice versa

• Napoleon agrees (lies)

• GB to trade w/US or we cannot trade at all!

• Madison the idiot

President Madison 1809-1817

• 12th Congress = “War Hawks”

• Want a GB war and expansion into Canada

• Argument: GB is supplying Indians in the west

Mr. Madison’s WARWar of 1812 - Causes

• On to Canada to wipe out the Native American base• To protest against GB impressment• Purpose: to restore confidence in Republicanism• PROBLEM

– Leads to sectionalism

– New England shippers do not want war

– Federalists did not want agricultural Canadian lands (more slavery?)

– US to fight Old England and New England

War of 1812The Second War of

Independence

• Sir Francis Scott Key• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bcKxraNQ7iY

The Burning of the White House

• The Enlightenment….AGAIN?• The Federalists feel they are not represented in

government…they did not want war• Meet to discuss secession….then….• WAR IS OVER! WE WIN!• Ooops….traitors?• DEATH TO THE FEDS!

The Hartford Convention

• The Treaty of Ghent….nothing much but….• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qYPGYJmcRvU

• R.E.S.P.E.C.T.• Andrew Jackson & The Battle of New Orleans• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VL7XS_8qgXM

• A phony war hero???

The End of the War

11

The Era of Good Feelings

Chapter 12 1816-1824

I FEEL THE LOVE!!!WHY ARE WE LOVING?

12

President Monroe

• The Tariff of 1816– Depression after war….cheap European goods– First protective tariff

• The Panic of 1819– Speculation of western land– Foreclosed farms in the west– Bank failures– unemployment

13

Western Expansion = New States =

….conflict?

• Western Expansion SOLUTION????– Clay’s American System (bank, tariff, roads/canals)

14

Sectionalism Simulation

What defined each section (North, South, West) of the United States?

Building of Roads & Canals

• The building of roads and canals, especially in the newly founded territories, will be according to the following guidelines:

• The Federal Government should / should not pay for the building of new roads and canals.

• If built, the new roads and canals shall be built connecting:– (the north to the west) or

– (the south to the west) or

– (the north to the south) or

– (the north and south to the west).

Sale of Western Lands

• The territories acquired by the United States of America shall be sold according to the following requirements:

• Western lands shall be parceled (split) according to the following:– Ex. Not smaller than / Not larger than ______ acres.

• These parcels shall be sold at $______ per acre.

• The rights of squatters should/should not be recognized.

Tariff Legislation

• All current tariff rates imposed by the Government will be changed to meet the following:

• Tariffs shall be increased/decreased to _____cents for every dollar.

Bank of the United States

• The charter of the Bank of the United States shall be changed to meet the following:

• The Bank of the United States’ Charter shall/shall not be renewed.

• If renewed, the Bank of the United States’ Charter shall exist for a period not exceeding ____ years.

Slavery

• The expansion of new lands in the west will adhere to the following guidelines:

• Slavery will / will not be allowed in newly founded territories in the west.

A Civil War???NO! Appease the South!

• Tallmadge Amendment = fear!

• Missouri Compromise of 1820…a dirty bargain?

21

END OF SIMULATIONTally up the points!

22

Flexing Judicial PowerHey John Marshall!

FEDERAL GOVERNMENT GOOD!

• McCulloch v. Maryland

• Cohens v. Virginia

• Gibbons v. Ogden

• WE “BAD”…WE KNOW IT!

FEDERAL GOVERNMENT NOT SO GOOD….

• Fletcher v. Peck

• Dartmouth College v. Woodard

• CHARTER ORGANIZATIONS ESCAPE REGULATION

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What’s going on in….Europe????

The Congress of Vienna

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More Land Expansion• Florida Purchase Treaty of 1819

• Monroe Doctrine….Fear of LA expansion?

• Russo-American Treaty of 1824

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CHAPTER 14

SKIP TO “BEGINNINGS OF

INDUSTRIALIZATION”

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27

The Market Revolution

The Beginnings of Industrialization

U.S. Slow To Industrialize

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Industrial Revolution

U.S. Slow To Industrialize

•Landownership so easy, few want to work in factories, prefer farming

•Too few workers for industrialization

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American Factory System

Samuel Slater

Father of the Factory System

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American Factory System

The south is now “King Cotton”

Eli Whitney

Cotton Gin

Interchangeable

Parts

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American Factory System

Isaac Singer

Sewing Machine

SamuelMorse

Telegraph

CyrusMcCormick

MowerReaper

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Industrial WorkersWomen’s Work

Lowell Factory

Smaller Families

Middle Class = “Cult of Domesticity

Massachusetts Commonwealth v Hunt

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The National Road

AKA Cumberland Road

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American Factory System

Robert Fulton – Steam Boats

The Clermont

Patents

• 1790 – First Patent Act

• 1836 – Patent Office

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The Erie Canal

DeWitt Clinton, Governor of New York

Completed 1825

Erie Canal - Importance

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38

GAME ON!

Canal Investors v. Railroad Inventors

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40

Stagecoaches & Pony Express

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The Economy Breeds Sectionalism

•East Supplies Manufactured Goods for Needs of West & South

•West Supplies Grain & Livestock to Feed South and North

•South Supplies Cotton for Textile Mills of the North & Export to Europe

Henry Clay’s American System