1. The achievements and also the failures of the British monarchy has been importantissues in the discussion regarding the continuation of that institution. No Error

A

2 .From the driver’s point of view, the new speed limits enacted by the state weremore stricter than the old laws. No Error

C

3. Every evening of his adult life, the old man put on a pair of glasses, shuffled overto his easy chair, he turned on the light, and opened the newspaper .No Error

D

4. Abandoning reason and defying fear, the refugees dashed toward the border and freedom. No error

E

5. Outside of Jean, there was no one interested in going skiing at Mammoth over the weekend. No Error

A

6. As long as lamb was not served, anything that the caterers suggested for the al fresco buffet was alright with the host and hostess.

(A) anything that the caterers suggested for the al fresco buffet was alright with the host and hostess.

(B) anything the caterers suggested for the al fresco buffet was alright with the host and hostess.

(C) anything that the caterers suggested for the at fresco buffet was alright with the host and hostess.

(D) anything that the caterers suggested for the al fresco buffet was cool with the host and hostess.

(E) anything that the caterers suggested for the al fresco buffet was all right with the host and hostess.

E

IMPROVING SENTENCES

7 Although the troupe was not professional, the entire audience was mesmerized by them pantomiming and dancing.

(A) Although the troupe was not professional, the entire audience was mesmerized by them pantomiming and dancing.

(B) Although the troupe was not professional, the entire audience was mesmerized by their pantomiming and dancing.

(C) The entire audience was mesmerized by them pantomiming and dancing although

the troupe was not professional.

(D) The entire audience was mesmerized by their pantomiming and dancing although the troupe was not professional.

(E) Although the troupe was not professional, the entire audience was mesmerized by their pantomiming and the way they danced.

B

8. The witness stated that, on the evening in question, he heard shooting while watching the 6 o'clock news on television.

(A) The witness stated that, on the evening in question, he heard shooting while watching the 6 o'clock news on television.

(B) While watching the 6 o'clock news on television, the witness stated that, on the evening in question, he heard the shots.

(C) The witness stated; that, on the evening in question, while watching the 6 o'clock news on television, he heard shooting. “

(D) The witness stated that on the evening in question, he heard shooting, he was watching the 6 o'clock news on television.

(E) The witness stated that; on the evening in question, he heard shooting, watching the 6 o'clock news on television.

C

9. Learning to parallel park was frightening to Margaret, and she mastered the technique on her second try .

(A) Learning to parallel park was frightening to Margaret, and she mastered the technique on her second try;

(B) Although learning to parallel park was frightening to Margaret, she mastered the technique on her second try .

(C) Learning to parallel park was frightening to Margaret; and she mastered the technique on her second try.

(D) Because learning to parallel park was frightening to Margaret, she mastered the technique on her second try .

(E) Mastering the technique on her second try, learning to parallel park was frightening to Margaret.

B

10. Stephanie, who loves to dance, enjoys tap dancing, ballet, and jazz.

(A) who loves to dance, enjoys tap dancing, ballet, and jazz.

(B) who loves dancing, enjoys tap dancing, ballet, and jazz.

(C) who loves to dance-enjoys tap dancing, ballet, and jazz.

(D) enjoys tap dancing, ballet, and jazz.

(E) who enjoys dancing and loves tap dancing, ballet, and jazz.

D

11. After reading Patrick O'Brian's novel, with its in-depth look at the British Royal Navy, science,and medical practices in

the nineteenth century, in style so much likethat of the period about which O'Brian wrote.

(A) with its in-depth look at the British Royal Navy, science, and medical practices in the nineteenth century , in style so much like that of the period about which O'Brian

wrote.(B) with its in-depth look at the British Royal Navy, science, and medical practices in the

nineteenth century , in style so much like that of the period that O'Brian wrote about.

(C) with its in-depth look at the British Royal Navy, science, and medical practices in the nineteenth century . Its style recreates that of the period about which O'Brian wrote.

(D) with its in-depth look at the British Royal Navy, science, and medical practices in the nineteenth century and written in the style of the period,

I recommended the book to my friends.

(E) with its in-depth look at the British Royal Navy, nineteenth century science, and medical practices styled so much like that of the period about which O'Brian wrote.

D

12: The radio, blaring as I attempted to study the research material, made concentration impossible.

(A) The radio, blaring as I attempted to study the research material, made concentration impossible.

(B) The radio blared as I attempted to study the research material; made concentration impossible.

(C) The radio blared while attempting to study the research material and made concentration impossible.

(D) The radio, blaring as I attempted to study the research material, making concentration impossible.

(E) The radio, blaring, I attempted to study the research material, thus it made concentration impossible.

A

13. More than once, Jose thought of stepping on the ugly monster, but the thought of touching such a dangerous hard-shelled creature with his bare foot was too

revolting. No error

E

14. I walked along a narrow path through dark pines; beside a brook swollen with melting snow I found the old man I came to see, sitting silent and alone before his

deteriorating cottage. No error

E

15. I exercised regularly for a month running, lifting weights, and skipping rope and for the first time I made the varsity boxing team. No error

C

16. If the operator of the caterpillar would have checked the control levers before beginning the heavy roadwork, the machine might never have rolled and the

driver would not be lying in the hospital. No error.

A

17. Even though he had to supervise a large staff, his salary was no greater than a clerk. No error

D

18. Before the advent of modern surgical techniques, bleeding patients with leeches were

considered therapeutically effective. No error

C

19. The recent establishment of “Crime Busters, officially sanctioned neighborhood block-watching groups, have dramatically improved relations between citizens and

police. No error

C

20. The masterpiece auctioned so successfully today depicts a Biblical scene in which the

king is on his throne with his counselors standing respectively below. No error

D

21. During the election campaign, the major political parties agreed that minorities must be given the opportunity to advance, to seek justice, and to the kinds of special

treatment that might compensate in part for historical inequities. No error

C

22. Most of the delegates which attended the convention felt the resolution was too strongly worded, and the majority voted against it. No error

A

23. Lost in the forest on a cold night, the hunters built a fire to keep themselves warm and to frighten away the wolves. No error

E

24. The effort to create appropriate theatrical effects often result in settings that cannot be effective without an imaginative lighting crew. No error

B

25. Every one of the shops in the town were closed on Thursday because of the ten-inch rainfall that had fallen during the day. No error

A

26. The late president's numerous memoirs now about to be published promises to be of special historical interest. No error

C

27. Mr. Webster's paper is highly imaginary and very creative, but lacking in cogency. No error

A

28. The point at issue was whether the dock workers, which were an extremely vocal group, would decide to return to work. No error

B

29. Raising living costs, together with escalating taxes, have proved to be a burden for everyone. No error

A

30. A number of harried department store employees were congregating around the water

cooler to compare and discuss their grievances. No error

E

31. The deep-sea diver considered himself not only a competent barnacle scraper but also

capable of collecting interesting specimens of seashells. No error

C

32. A round robin is where each team must compete against every other team. No error

A

33. The voters were dismayed at him retiring from elected office at such an early age, seemingly at the outset of a brilliant career. No error

B

34. Having a reasonable amount of intelligence and steady persistence assure one of acquitting oneself creditably in any undertaking. No error

C

35. If the current rate of progress in raising school standards is to be accelerated, every pupil, teacher , and parent in the neighborhood must assume their

share of the responsibility. No error

D

36. "Elementary, my dear Watson," was a frequent observation of the imminent Sherlock Holmes. No error

D

37. Wanting to reward her assistant for loyalty, Sheila gave a bonus to him as large as his paycheck.

(A) Sheila gave a bonus to him as large as his paycheck

(B) given to him by Sheila was a bonus as large as his paycheck

(C) he was given a bonus as large as his paycheck by Sheila

(D) Sheila gave him a bonus as large as his paycheck

(E) Sheila gave him a pay check to him as large as his bonus

D

38. After depositing and burying her eggs, the female sea turtle returns to the water never to view or nurture the offspring that she is leaving behind.

(A) never to view or nurture the offspring that she is leaving behind

(B) never to view or nurture the offspring which she had left behind

(C) never to view nor nurture the offspring that are being left behind

(D) never to view or nurture the offspring she has left behind

(E) never to view or nurture the offspring who she has left behind

D

39. Congress was in no doubt about who would take credit for winning the war on inflation.

(A) about who would take credit

(B) about who takes credit

(C) about whom would take credit

(D) of who would take credit

(E) over who would take credit

A

40. In War and Peace, Tolstoy presented his theorie on history and illustrated them with a slanted account of actual historical events.

(A) illustrated them

(B) also illustrating their

(C) he also was illustrating these ideas

(D) then illustrated the theories also

(E) then he went about illustrating them

A

41. Laval, the first bishop of Quebec, exemplified aristocratic vigor and concern on account of his giving up his substantial inheritance to become an ecclesiastic and to

help shape Canadian politics and education.

(A) on account of his giving up his substantial inheritance to become an ecclesiastic

(B) since he gave up his substantial inheritance to become an ecclesiastic

(C)since giving up his substantial inheritance to become an ecclesiastic

(D) because of his having given up his substantial inheritance for the purpose of becoming an ecclesiastic

(E) as a result of becoming an ecclesiastic through giving up his substantial in11eritance

B

42. In the United States, an increasing number of commuters that believe their families to be immune from the perils of city life.

(A) that believe their families to be

(B) that believe their families are

(C) believes their families are

(D) who believe their families to be

(E) believe their families to be

E

43. Developed by a scientific team at his university, the president informed the reporters that the new process would facilitate the diagnosing of certain congenital diseases.

(A) Developed by a scientific team at his university

(B) Having been developed by a scientific team at his university

(C) Speaking of the discovery made by a scientific team at his university

(D) Describing t11e developments of a scientific team at his university

(E) As it had been developed by a scientific team at his university

C

44. The Equal Rights Amendment to Islandia's constitution is dying a lingering political death, many dedicated groups and individuals have attempted to prevent its demise

.(A) many dedicated groups and individuals have attempted

(B) although many dedicated groups and individuals have attempted

(C) many dedicated groups and persons has attempted

(D) despite many dedications of groups and individuals to attempt

(E) however, many dedicated groups and individuals have attempted

B

45. One ecological rule of thumb states that there is opportunity for the accumulation of underground water reservoirs but in regions "where vegetation remains undisturbed.

(A) but in regions where vegetation remains undisturbed

(B) unless vegetation being left undisturbed in some regions

(C) only where undisturbed vegetation is in regions

(D) except for vegetation remaining undisturbed in some regions

(E) only in regions where vegetation remains undisturbed

E

46. The ancient Chinese were convinced that air was composed of two lands of particles, one inactive and one active, the latter of which they called yin and which we

today call oxygen.

(A) one inactive and one active, the latter of which they called yin and which we today call oxygen

(B) an inactive and an active one called yin, now known as oxygen

(C) an inactive type and the active type they called yin we now know to be oxygen

(D) inactive and active; while they called the active type yin, today we call it oxygen

(E) contrasting the inactive type with the active ones they named yin and we call oxygen

D

47. There are several rules which must be followed by whomever wants to be admitted to this academy.

(A) which must be followed by whomever

(B) that must be followed by whomever

(C) which must get followed by whom

(0) that must be followed by whoever

(E) which must be followed by those who

D

48. Developing a suitable environment for house plants is in many ways like when you are managing soil fertilization for city parks.

(A) is in many ways like when you are managing

(B) is in many ways similar to when you are managing

(C) in many ways is on a par with managing your

(D) is in many ways similar to the managing

(E) is in many ways like managing

E

49. Most students would probably get better grades if writing were to be studied by them

(A) writing were to be studied by them

(B) they studied writing .

(C) writing was studied by their

(D) they would have studied writing

(E) they were to have studied writing

B

50. If they do not go into bankruptcy, the company will probably survive its recent setbacks.

(A) If they do not go into bankruptcy

(B) Unless bankruptcy cannot be avoided

(C) If they can avoid bankruptcy

(D) If bal1kruptcy will be avoided

(E) Unless it goes bankrupt

E

51. Having read the works of both Henry and William James, I'm convinced that Henry is the best psychologist and William the best writer.

(A) the best psychologist and William the best writer

(B) a better psychologist, William is the best writer

(C) the best as a psychologist, William the best as a writer

(D) the best psychologist, William the better writer

(E) the better psychologist and William the better writer

E

52. When he arrived at the hospital, the doctor found that several emergency cases had been admitted before he went on duty.

(A) several emergency cases had been admitted before

(B) there were several emergency cases admitted prior to

(C) two emergency cases were being admitted before

(D) a couple of emergency cases were admitted before

(E) several emergency cases was admitted before

A

53. The variety of Scandinavian health care services offered to residents at reduced cost far exceeds low-cost health programs available in the United States.

(A) far exceeds low-cost health programs

(B) far exceeds the number of low-cost health programs

(C) tends to be greater than low-cost programs

(D) far exceed the number of low-cost health programs

(E) are greater than comparable low-cost health programs

B

54. Recently, scientists concerned about the growing popularity of astrologers have begun to speak out against them.

(A) Recently, scientists concerned abo1.rt the growing popularity of astrologers have begun to speak out against them.

(B) Recently, scientists who are concerned about the growing popularity of astrologers have begun to speak out against such things.

(C) Recently, scientists, concerned abort the growing popularity of astrologers, are beginning to speak out against them.

(D) Recently, scientists concerned with the growing popularity of astrologers have begun to speak out about it.

(E) Recently, scientists concerned about the growing popularity of astrologers have begun to speak out against what they will be doing.

A

55. The politician is benefiting from behavioral research, there are new techniques for them to utilize and new broadcasting methods to experiment with.

(A) research, there are new techniques for them

(B) research; he has new techniques

(C) research; there are new techniques for them

(D) research, there are new techniques for him

(E) research; they have new techniques

B

(1) Many young people think there is no point in studying liberal arts any111Ore. (2) They think this because with the kinds of jobs out there today, it's hard to see the

relevance of them. (3) They say, "What's the point of reading Shakespeare if it's not going to help me get any sort of job?" (4) I thought things like this too. (5) Not long ago, only English teacher asked me if I wanted to compete in a school-wide quiz show, and I

said yes.(6) I did well on the show. (7) I was invited to join the school Trivia Team. (8) We were competing at high schools across the state. (9) It was a lot of fun and we won

prize money. (10) Then came the championship game. 11) Nervous, my palms sweating, it was time for the tiebreaker question. (12) The host pulled the card from the

envelope. (13) "What is the name of the wife of the jealous Moor in Shakespeare's Othello?" (14) I knew the answer. (15) I just read that play in my English class.

(16) My hand hit the buzzer. (17) "Desdemona!" I shouted. (18) My teammates cheered and everyone hugged me. (19) We won! (20) The next time I hear someone say there's

no point in reading Shakespeare, I'll tell that person my story. (21) Who knows, maybe I'll appear on ]eopardy!TM some day.

56. Which of the following best replaces the word "them" in sentence 2?

(A) many young people

(B) liberal arts

(C) jobs

(0) Shakespeare's plays

(E) things like this

B

57. Which of the following sentences, if added after sentence 4, would best link the first

paragraph with the rest of the essay?

(A) It's hard to see the point of reading Shakespeare when people with Ph.D.'s are out of work.

(B) With so much television everywhere, hardly anyone reads anymore.

(C) It was becoming more and more difficult for me to complete my school assignments.

(D) However, I recently had an experience that caused me to change my mind.

(E) My parents and teachers tried to convince me otherwise, to no avail.

D

58. Which of the following is the best way to revise and combine sentences 6 and 7 (reproduced below )?

I did well on the show. I was invited to join the school Trivia Team.

(A) After doing well on the show, I was invited to join the school Trivia Team.

(B) In order to be invited to join the School Trivia Team, I first had to do well on the show.

(C) Doing well on the show and being invited to join the school Trivia Team were the next two things that happened to me.

(D) Joining the school Trivia Team, I did well on the show.

(E) Because I was doing well on the show, I was being invited to join the school Trivia Team.

A

59. In context, which of the following is the best way to revise sentence 11 (reproduced below)?

Nervous, my palms sweating, it was time for the tie-breaker question.

(A) (As it is now)

(B) Nervous, my palms sweating, the tie-breaker question arrived.

(C) Nervous and sweating, my palms waited for the arrival of the tie-breaker question.

D) Nervous, my palms sweating, I waited for the tie-breaker question.

(E) Being nervous and having sweating palms, I was waiting for the arrival of the tie- breaker question.

D

60. To vary the pattern of short, choppy sentences in the second paragraph, which of the following would be the best way to revise and combine sentences 14 and 15

(reproduced below)?

I knew the answer. I just read that play in my English class.

(A) I knew the answer, I just read that play in my English class.

(B) Although I just read that play in my English class, I k11ew the answer.

(C) Having just read that play in my English class, I knew the answer.

(D) I have known the answer to that question ever since I had been reading that play.

in my English class.

(E) In my English class, where I was reading that play, I knew the answer.

C

61. All of the following strategies are used by the writer of the passage EXCEPT

(A) refuting the assertion put forth in the first paragraph

(B) recounting a personal anecdote in order to make a point

(C) creating suspense by making references to the passage of time

(D) providing specific details

(E) including examples of jobs that require knowledge of liberal arts

E

Questions 45-50 are based on the following essay, which is a response to an assigmnent to write about an economic issue facing the United States.

(1) Last year my social studies class attended a talk given by a young woman who worked in a factory in Central America making shirts for a popular U.S. retail chain. (2)

The working conditions she described were horrific. (3) She spoke of being forced to work 14-hour days and even longer on weekends. (4) The supervisors often hit her and

the other women, most of whom were teenagers, to get them to work faster. (5) They gave them contaminated water to drink and were only allowed to go to the bathroom twice a day. (6) She urged us to boycott the retail chain and to inform consumers about the conditions in their factories. (7) A group of us decided to meet with a representative of the chain and we would discuss our concerns and would announce our plans to boycott.

(8) The representative said that low wages were necessary to keep costs down.(9) And she claimed a boycott never work because it would be impossible to stop people from shopping at such

a popular store. (10) "Nobody is going to listen to a bunch of teenagers," she said. (11) We decided to prove her wrong. (12) First, we calculated that the workers wages accounted for less than one percent of the price

people paid for theshirts in the United States. (13) We argued that if the chain were wiIling to make slightly lower profits, it could

afford to pay the workers more without raising prices.(14) And then we began informing people about the conditions under which the shirts they bought were made,

they were horrified. (15) Many were agreeing to shop there no longer, they even wrote letters to the president of the chain in which he was urged to do something about the conditions in the factories. (16) Even

local politicians got involved. (17) The winner of that year's City Council election pledged to change the conditions in

the factories or shut the store down once and for all. (18) Finally, with business almost at a standstill, the store agreed to consumers' demands.

A

62. In context, which is the best version of the underlined portion of sentence 5 (reproduced below)?

They gave them contaminated water to drink were only allowed to go to the bathroom twice a day.

(A) (As it is now)

(B) and were only allowing them to go

(C) and only allowed them to go

(D) and they were only given permission

(E) and were allowed to only go

C

63. In context, which of the following best replaces the word "their" in sentence 6?

(A) the consumers‘

(B) Its

(C) the workers‘

(0) the supervisors’

(E) the students' ,

B

64. Which of the following versions of the underlined portion of sentence 7 (repro-duced below) is best?

A group of us decided to meet with a representative of the chain and we would discuss our concern and would announce our plans to boycott.

(A) (As it is now)

(B) to discuss our concerns and announce

(C) for the purpose of discussing our co: and announcing

(D) where we would discuss our concern announce

(E) with whom we would be discussing concerns and to whom we would announce

B

65. Which of the following would be the best replacement for the word "And" at the beginning of sentence 9?

(A) Moreover,

(B) Rather,

(C) However

(D) Even so,

(E) Instead,

A

66. In context, which of the following is the best way to revise the underlined portion of

sentence 15 (reproduced below )?

Many were agreeing to shop there no longer, they even wrote letters to the president of the chain in which he was urged to do something about the

conditions in the factories.

(A) (As it is now)

(B) Many were agreeing to no longer shop there and even writing letters to the president of the chain in order that he be urged

(C) Agreeing to shop there no longer, many even wrote letters to the president of the chain urging him

(D) Many agreed to no longer shop there and also to urge the president of the chain by writing letters in which they asked him

(E) Shopping there no longer, many agreed to write letters to the president of the chain and also to urge him C

67. Which sentence would most appropriately follow sentence 18?

(A) Despite the boycott, people were not willing to pay more for clothing.(B) Unfortunately, people rarely do things for selfless reasons.

(C) Simply informing others is not enough; a plan of action must be devised.

(D) We should have listened to the young factory worker in the first place.

(E) We had proven the representative wrong; people had listened to " a bunch of teenagers."

E