1.1. Take Any data you need to.Take Any data you need to.

2.2. Clean up Experiment. Clean up Experiment. Everything can go in garbage or down Everything can go in garbage or down

sinksink Clean test tubes with test tube brush.Clean test tubes with test tube brush. Return stoppers and rack.Return stoppers and rack.

Data Analysis\Conclusion QuestionsData Analysis\Conclusion Questions

1.1. Do you think the mystery item is alive Do you think the mystery item is alive or dead? How do you know?or dead? How do you know?

2.2. Do you think your experiment was Do you think your experiment was controlled why or why not?controlled why or why not?

3.3. What would you change next time?What would you change next time?

What did you eat for What did you eat for breakfast?breakfast?

Do you know if it Do you know if it contained carbs, lipids, contained carbs, lipids,

or protein? or protein?

What are you composed What are you composed of? What composes food?of? What composes food?

ORGANIC MOLECULES!ORGANIC MOLECULES!

Glucose: Friend or foe?

MacromoleculesMacromolecules

Means literally “giant molecules”Means literally “giant molecules” Formed by polymerizationFormed by polymerization

When large molecules are built by joining When large molecules are built by joining smaller ones togethersmaller ones together

4 main types4 main types CarbohydratesCarbohydrates LipidsLipids Nucleic acidsNucleic acids proteinsproteins

CarbohydratesCarbohydrates

Have carbon, hydrogen and oxygen Have carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atomsatoms In a 1:2:1 ratioIn a 1:2:1 ratio

Main source of energy for living thingsMain source of energy for living things Glucose used in respiration to make ATPGlucose used in respiration to make ATP

Examples:Examples: Starch and sugarsStarch and sugars

Glucose (CGlucose (C66HH1212OO66))

Uses of CarbohydratesUses of Carbohydrates Storage: Storage: glucose forms long chains to be glucose forms long chains to be

stored as starch (in plants) and glycogen stored as starch (in plants) and glycogen (in animals) for later nutrition(in animals) for later nutrition

Structure: Structure:

- - glucose forms long chains of cellulose glucose forms long chains of cellulose found in plant cell wallsfound in plant cell walls

- glucose also main part of chitin molecule - glucose also main part of chitin molecule found in insect exoskeletonsfound in insect exoskeletons

LipidsLipids Fats, steroids, Fats, steroids,

phospholipids, phospholipids, waxeswaxes

Used to store Used to store energy or build energy or build membranesmembranes

All are All are hydrophobic (don’t hydrophobic (don’t like water)like water)

More about Lipids: FatsMore about Lipids: Fats Saturated fats are covered in hydrogen Saturated fats are covered in hydrogen

atoms (Have many bonds-more than atoms (Have many bonds-more than unsaturated) Take more energy to break unsaturated) Take more energy to break down.down.

Unsaturated fats have one or more double-Unsaturated fats have one or more double-bonded carbons, making them kinkedbonded carbons, making them kinked

Kinked fat molecules Kinked fat molecules

cannot pack together cannot pack together

and clog arteries and clog arteries

as well!as well!

Nucleic acidsNucleic acids

Link together to Link together to form DNA and RNA! form DNA and RNA! (Genetic Code)(Genetic Code)

Transmit heredityTransmit heredity Made mostly of Made mostly of

Adenine, Thymine, Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Uracil and Uracil moleculesmolecules

ProteinsProteins Made of carbon, Made of carbon,

hydrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogenand nitrogen

Made of small Made of small molecules called molecules called amino acidsamino acids

There are 20 types There are 20 types of amino acids, of amino acids, which link together which link together to make a proteinto make a protein

Side Chain

Amino Group

Carboxyl Group

Function of ProteinsFunction of Proteins

Transport of substancesTransport of substances Sending signals between cellsSending signals between cells Cell movementCell movement Defense against foreign invadersDefense against foreign invaders Structural SupportStructural Support And much, much, more!And much, much, more!

All of these macromolecules All of these macromolecules combine to make you the combine to make you the

exquisite person you are today!exquisite person you are today!

Can you name all four Can you name all four macromolecules?macromolecules?

What are the “elements” of What are the “elements” of known foods and our known foods and our

unknown food?unknown food? Purpose: To determine the common Purpose: To determine the common

elements in common foods and the elements in common foods and the elements in an unknownelements in an unknown

Procedure: Test for the presence of Procedure: Test for the presence of each macromolecule by following the each macromolecule by following the directions from the proceduredirections from the procedure

Data: Title