1 population, urbanism & the environment. 2 world population l currently –6.2 billion l most...
TRANSCRIPT
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Population, Urbanism & the Environment
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World population
Currently
–6.2 Billion Most of human history the
population of the entire earth was 500 Million (1/2 billion)
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Demographic terms
Fertility–Amount of childbearing in a
population–Several measurements of this
Crude birth rate–Live births per 1,000 people each
year
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Demographic terms (Cont.)
Fecundity rate
–Maximum possible childbearing Sex Ratio
–Males for every 100 females
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Concepts
Pop. doubling time
–Rule of 70
•Growth rate divided into 70 Age-sex pyramids
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Malthusian theory
Food increasing arithmetically Pop. Increasing geometrically Result : People reproducing
beyond what the planet can support
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Neo-malthusians
Agree with Malthus and the “Limits to growth” thesis
Out-stripping resources Poisoning the planet
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Anti-malthusians
6X more people on earth Living longer, healthier lives
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Demographic Transition Theory
Population patterns reflect a society’s level of technological development
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Zero Population growth (ZPG)
Two people produce two people Maintains population at a steady
state
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Urbanism
Durkheim
–Mechanical solidarity
•People bound by similarities
–Organic solidarity
•People bound by differences
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Environment (summary)
Acid rain Global warming
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Acid rain
Sulfur dioxide
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Global warming
Average temperature of the planet is rising
Northwest passage (over Canada and Alaska) may soon be a passage for ships
Carbon dioxide