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Lecture One

MSN 541

ENTREPRENEURSHIP

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TEK-GIS PROGRAMhttp://www.bilkent.edu.tr/~imer/tek-gis.html

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CORE COURSES

• Entrepreneurship

• New Product Development

• Entrepreneurial Marketing and Sales

• Entrepreneurial Finance & Accounting

• The Art of CEO: Business skills for future leaders

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Web sites• http://www.bilkent.edu.tr/~imer/dersler.html• http://www.managementhelp.org• http://www.dunyagazetesi.com.tr• http://www.ekodialog.com• http://www.ekonomist.com.tr• http://compoundsemiconductor.net• http://www.technologyreview.com• http://www.biltek.tubitak.gov.tr• http://www.die.gov.tr• http://www.dpt.gov.tr

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Web sites• http://www.kosgeb.gov.tr• http://www.tubitak.gov.tr• http://www.ttgv.org.tr• http://www.sanayi.gov.tr• http://www.hazine.gov.tr• http://www.turkpatent.gov.tr• http://www.wipo.int• http://www.uspto.gov• http://www.epo.org• http://www.google.com/patents• http://www.planware.org

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GLOBALIZATION

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GNP (GSMH) as of 2002

COUNTRY GROUPSGNP

(billion $)%

Population (million)

%GNP per

capita

Low income 1,071.7 3.4 2,495 40.2 430 $

Mid income total 5,020.3 15.9 2,742 44.2 1,840 $

Mid-low 3,352.4 10.6 2,411 38.9 1,390 $

Mid-high 1,667.9 5.3 331 5.3 5,040 $

High income 25,387.7 80.7 965 15.6 26,310 $

Total 31,483.9 100 6,201 100 5,080 $

Source: World Economic Indicators Database, World Bank, April 2003

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CUSTOMS UNIONYIL

ITHALAT (MILYAR $)

IHRACAT (MILYAR $)

ACIK (MILYAR $)

GNP BUYUME %DIS BORC (MILYAR $)

1990 6.9 9.3 -2.4 9.4 51,9811991 7 9.2 -2.2 0.3 52,9901992 7.6 10 -2.4 6.4 58,1051993 7.6 13.9 -6.3 8.1 70,7161994 8.6 10.9 -2.3 -6.1 68,0811995 11 16.9 -5.9 8 76,0541996 11.5 23.1 -11.6 7.1 79,2101997 12.2 24.9 -12.7 8.3 84,2281998 13.5 24.1 -10.6 3.9 96,4181999 14.3 21.4 -7.1 -6.5 102,9832000 14.3 26.4 -12.1 6.1 118,6862001 16.1 18.3 -2.2 -9.5 113,9482002 18.5 23.3 -4.8 7.8 131,5512003 22.1 31.5 -9.4 5.9 147,264

Source: Dis Ticaret Mustesarligi verileri, DPT

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GDP (GSYIH)

Source: World Development Indicators database, World Bank, April 2003, Forbes April 2003

RANK COUNTRY/COMPANY GDP/REVENUE(billion $)

RANK COUNTRY/COMPANY GDP/INCOME(billion $)

1 USA 10,065 21 Sweden 2102 Japan 4,141 22 EXXON MOBIL 1923 Germany 1,846 23 Austria 1894 England 1,424 24 Saudi Arabia 1865 France 1,310 25 GENERAL MOTORS 1776 China 1,159 26 Poland 1767 Italy 1,089 27 BP 1748 Canada 695 28 Norway 1669 Mexico 618 29 FORD MOTOR 162

10 Spain 582 30 Hong Kong, China 16211 Brazil 503 31 Denmark 16112 India 477 32 Turkey 14813 South Korea 422 33 Indonesia 14514 Netherland 380 34 ENRON 13915 Australia 369 35 DAIMLER – CHRYSLER 13716 Russia 310 36 ROYAL DUTCH/SHELL 13517 Argentine 269 37 GENERAL ELECTRIC 12618 Switzerland 247 38 Venezuela 12519 Belgium 230 39 Finland 12120 WAL MART 220 40 TOYOTA 121

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EMPLOYEMENT1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Population 15 years and over

35,601 41,175 46,211 47,158 48,041 48,912 49,906 50,826

Labor Force 20,150 22,286 23,078 23,491 23,818 23,640 24,289 24,565

Labor Force Participation

56.6 % 54.1 % 49.9 % 49.8 % 49.6 % 48.3 % 48.7 % 48.3 %

Employment 18,539 20,586 21,581 21,524 21,354 21,147 21,791 22,046

Employment Rate

52.1 % 50.0 % 46.7 % 45.6 % 44.4 % 43.2 % 43.7 % 43.4 %

Unemployment 1,612 1,700 1,497 1,967 2,464 2,493 2,498 2,520

Unemployment Rate

12.1 % 10.8 % 8.8 % 11.6 % 14.2 % 13.8 % 13.6 % 12.7 %

Young unemployment

16 % 15.6 % 13.1 % 16.2 % 19.2 % 20.5 % 19.7 % 19.3 %

Source: DPT Economic and Social Indicators (1995-2006)

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R & D EXPENSES

Source: Devlet Istatistik Enstitusu (DIE), Gostergeler: Ar-Ge

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RESEARCH

Source: UNAM

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RESEARCH

Source: UNAM

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EFFECT OF TECHNOLOGY ON ENVIRONMENT AND ECONOMICS

• Transforms society

• Adds Value

• Preserves and cultivates environment

• Creates welfare

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Energy consumption

Source: UCSB Engineering Insights 2006, Steven P. DenBaars

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BRIDGING THE GAP BETWEEN BUSINESS & ACADEMIA

ACADEMIA-Transform Society

-Research Initiatives

-Educate new students

-Create new discoveries

BUSINESS-Deals hands-on with

society

-Catch up with trends

-Produce New Discoveries

-Increase revenue and profitability

GAPENTREPRENEUR

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WHAT IS ENTREPRENEURSHIP?• The word “entrepreneur” is derived from French

“entreprendre” (:antro-prand) meaning “to undertake”

• An entrepreneur is an innovator/developer who recognizes opportunities; converts those opportunities into workable/marketable ideas; adds value through time, effort, money or skills; assumes risks of the competetive market place to implement those ideas; and realizes rewards from these efforts.

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WHAT IS ENTREPRENEURSHIP?• Peter F. Drucker (a leading management thinker):

“Most of what you hear about entrepreneurship is ALL WRONG! It’s NOT magic; it’s NOT mysterious; and it has NOTHING to do with genes. It’s a discipline and, like any discipline, it can be learned!”

Innovation and Entrepreneurship (New York: Harper & Row, 1985)

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WHAT IS ENTREPRENEURSHIP?

• An entrepreneur should be:– Disciplined and determined– Independent thinker– Innovative (outside the box thinker)– Trend follower and setter simultaneously– Initiative– Leader– Risk taker

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TYPE OF BUSINESSES IN TURKEY• Limitet sirket (limited corporation), Anonim sirket (joint

stock company), Komandit sirketler (commandite company), Kolektif sirketler (collective company), Sahis sirketleri (sole proprietorship)

• Irtibat burosu (liaison office), Sube (branch)

• Comparison with ownership types in US: Sole proprietorship, partnership, corporation, cooperative.

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MOVIE: “THE CORPORATION”

• Filmi seyrederken dikkat edilecek hususlar ve odevde istenilen kritikler– Social and environmental responsibility– Ethics– Competition– Corporations role in globalization

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CRITERIA FOR DEVELOPMENT• GDP

• Employement & education

• Size of economy, growth and stability

• Energy consumption per capita

• Steel production per capita

• Size and strength of private sector in global scale