1 hydrolytic and ligninolytic enzyme activities in the pb contaminated soil mika kähkönen...
TRANSCRIPT
1
HYDROLYTIC AND LIGNINOLYTIC
ENZYME ACTIVITIES IN THE Pb
CONTAMINATED SOIL
Mika Kähkönen
Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology
25.10.2007, HERC Seminar
2
Introduction
Pb is deleterious to soil microbial processes
Pb is neurotoxic agent
amount of shooting ranges in Finland is 2000-2500
abundant biopolymers in nature are cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin
Hydrolytic enzymes
ligninolytic enzymes
3
THE AIMS
1. To test the effect of Pb contamination on hydrolytic and ligninolytic enzyme activity in the forest soil.
2. To test the ability of litter-degrading fungi to grow and produce extracellular enzymes in the heavily Pb (40 g Pb of kg ww soil-1 ) contaminated soil and non contaminated soil in non sterile conditions was also tested
4
Materials and Methods
Soil:-humus layer- sampled close to a shooting range in Hollola
Soil plate experiments:
-wihout Pb
- with Pb
- without fungi
-.with fungi (Agaricus bisporus, Agrocybe praecox, Gymnopus peronatus, Gymnopilus penetrans, Mycena galericulata, Gymnopilus luteofolius, Stropharia aeruginosa and Stropharia rugosoannulata).
5
Enzyme activity measurements
-hydrolytic enzyme activities
-ligninolytic enzyme activities
6
Fungus non polluted Pb polluted
Control soil without fungus - -Agaricus bisporus + +Agrocybe praecox +++ + Collybia peronata ++ + Gymnophilus penetrans + +Mycena galericulata + + Gymnopilus luteofullus ++ + Stropharia aeruginosa ++ + Stropharia Rugosannulata +++ +
Results
7
beta-glucosidase, soil, non Pb
02000400060008000
0-m
aa
S. aer
uginosa
M. g
aler
icula
ta
A. bis
porus
G. p
enet
rans
G. l
uteofo
llus
G. p
eronat
us
S. rugosa
nnulata
A. pra
ecoxn
mo
l c
m-3
h-1 beta-glucosidase, soil, Pb
0100200300400
nm
ol
cm
-3 h
-1
Sulphatase, Pb, soil
01020304050
nm
ol c
m-3
h-1Sulphatase, soil, non Pb
02000400060008000
Control s
oil
S. aer
uginosa
M. g
aler
icula
ta
A. bis
porus
G. p
enet
rans
G. l
uteofo
llus
G. p
eronat
us
S. rugosa
nnulata
A. pra
ecoxn
mo
l c
m-3
h-1
beta-cellobiosidase, soil, non Pb
02000400060008000
Control s
oil
S. aer
uginosa
M. g
aler
icula
ta
A. bis
porus
G. pen
etra
ns
G. lute
ofollu
s
G. per
onatus
S. rugosa
nnulata
A. pra
ecox
nm
ol
cm
-3 h
-1beta-cellobiosidase, Pb, soil
01020304050
nm
ol c
m-3
h-1
8
Sulphatase, non Pb, extract
0
0,5
1
Contro
l
S. aer
ugin
osa
M. g
aler
icul
ata
A. bis
poru
s
G. pen
etra
ns
G. lute
ofol
lus
G. per
onat
us
S. rug
osan
nula
ta
A. pra
ecoxn
mo
l c
m-3
h-1 Sulphatase, Pb, extract
0
0,5
1
Control
S. aer
uginosa
M. g
aler
icula
ta
A. bis
porus
G. p
enet
rans
G. l
uteofo
llus
G. p
eronat
us
S. rugosa
nnulata
A. pra
ecoxn
mo
l c
m-3
h-1
beta-glucosidase, non Pb, extract
0100200300400
Control s
oil
S. aer
uginosa
M. g
aler
icula
ta
A. bis
porus
G. pen
etra
ns
G. lute
ofollu
s
G. per
onatus
S. rugosa
nnulata
A. pra
ecox
nm
ol
cm
-3 h
-1
beta-glucosidase, Pb, extract
0
0,5
1
Contro
l soil
S. aer
ugino
sa
M. g
aleric
ulata
A. bisp
orus
G. p
enet
rans
G. lu
teof
ollus
G. p
eron
atus
S. rug
osan
nulat
a
A. pra
ecox
nm
ol
cm
-3 h
-1
beta-cellobiosidase, non Pb, extract
0100200300400
Control s
oil
S. aer
uginosa
M. g
aler
icula
ta
A. bis
porus
G. pen
etra
ns
G. lute
ofollu
s
G. per
onatus
S. rugosa
nnulata
A. pra
ecoxn
mo
l c
m-3
h-1
beta-cellobiosidase, Pb, extract
0
1
1
Control s
oil
S. aer
uginosa
M. g
aler
icula
ta
A. bis
porus
G. pen
etra
ns
G. lute
ofollu
s
G. per
onatus
S. rugosa
nnulata
A. pra
ecox
nm
ol
cm
-3 h
-1
9
-The Pb contamination (40 g Pb of kg ww soil-1 ) was deleterious to all five studied hydrolytic enzyme activities
- Hydrolytic enzyme activities were significantly higher in the soil than in the extract of the soil
-Hydrolytic enzyme activities were similar with fungi and without fungi in the Pb contaminated soil.
-Pb contamination (40 g Pb of kg ww soil-1) depressed the growth of all fungi
- The best grown fungi was S. rugosoannulata, which had the highest MnP and laccase activities in the non contaminated soil.
Conclusions