1. exponents - livingston public schools · 2015-09-28 · 1. exponents september 28, 2015...

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1. Exponents September 28, 2015 Exponents exponent a number that indicates how many times thebase is used as a factor. Writing exponents is a shorthand notation to show multiplication. 5 3 means 5• 5• 5 3 is the exponent. base a number used as a factor in an exponential expression. In the expression 7 3 , 7 is the base. Vocabulary you should know.... n 0 =1 any number to the 0 power = 1 except 0 0 which is undefined n 1 =n Special Cases any number to the first power = itself variable – a symbol or letter that represents a number that can change or is unknown Ex. x, z, r, π, Θ constant a value that does not change (not affected by a variable) Ex. 7, 19, 208 algebraic expression contains one or more variables and may contain operation symbols and constants Ex. 8n, 27x + n, 15y2 coefficient a factor that is multiplied to a variable Ex. 27y 12x 5n Writing algebraic expressions as repeated multiplication When there is no symbol between variables and/or constants it means multiplication. There MUST be symbols between two constants. x 2 y 3 = Variables are written in alphabetical order coefficients are written before variables 5x 2 y 3 z 2 = When variables and/or constants in parentheses are raised to an exponent, everything in the parentheses are raised to that power. 5n 2 (xy) 3 = Ex. Ex. Ex. Try This! First show the extended form of the exponent. Then solve. 5 4=

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Page 1: 1. Exponents - Livingston Public Schools · 2015-09-28 · 1. Exponents September 28, 2015 Exponents exponent a number that indicates how many times the base is used as a factor

1. Exponents September 28, 2015

Exponentsexponent ­  a number that indicates how many times the base is used as a factor. Writing exponents is a shorthand notation to show multiplication.  

53 means 5• 5• 5    3 is the exponent. 

base ­ a number used as a factor in an exponential expression.           

In the expression 73 , 7 is the base. 

Vocabulary you should know....

n0 =1     any number to the 0 power = 1 except 00  which is undefined

n1 = n

Special Cases

any number to the firstpower = itself

variable – a symbol or letter that represents a number that can change or is unknownEx. x, z,  r, π, Θ

constant ­ a value that does not change  (not affected by a variable) Ex. 7, 19, 208 

algebraic expression ­ contains one or more variables and may contain operation symbols and constantsEx. 8n, 27x + n, 15y2 

coefficient ­ a factor that is multiplied to a variableEx.     27y       12x     5n 

Writing algebraic expressions as repeated multiplication 

When there is no symbol between variables and/or constants it means multiplication. There MUST be symbols between two constants.  

x2y3 =  

Variables are written in alphabetical order  

coefficients  are written before variables

5x2y3z2 =

When variables and/or constants in parentheses are raised to an exponent, everything in the parentheses are raised to that power. 

5n2(xy)3=

Ex. 

Ex. 

Ex. 

Try This! First show the extended form of the exponent. Then solve.

54=

Page 2: 1. Exponents - Livingston Public Schools · 2015-09-28 · 1. Exponents September 28, 2015 Exponents exponent a number that indicates how many times the base is used as a factor

1. Exponents September 28, 2015

75= 1451=

t8= 23k4=

140= Write the following in exponential form

7 7 7 7 7 7 Θ Θ Θ Θ

Page 3: 1. Exponents - Livingston Public Schools · 2015-09-28 · 1. Exponents September 28, 2015 Exponents exponent a number that indicates how many times the base is used as a factor

1. Exponents September 28, 2015

square ­ n2 , raising to the power of 2, multiplying a value by itself.        62 = 6 ∙ 6  = 36 

42 =                               9 2 =                   

 x2 = 

cube ­ n3 , raising to the power of 3, multiplying  three of the same value by itself.  23 = 2 ∙ 2 ∙ 2 =  8  43 =                                    5 3 =               

y3 = 

More Exponents: Squares and Cubes    

Square and cube are the only two numbers that have special names. For the rest of the numbers we say....

Page 4: 1. Exponents - Livingston Public Schools · 2015-09-28 · 1. Exponents September 28, 2015 Exponents exponent a number that indicates how many times the base is used as a factor

1. Exponents September 28, 2015

Write the following in exponential form, then solve. 

fourteen cubed=

seven squared=

nine to the 4th power= theta cubed=

three cubed plus eleven squared=  Clicker Problems for today and yesterday

1.  twelve squared2. nine cubed3. three squared4. 525. 2 cubed6. 437. 6 to the second power8. Do you know what a perfect square number is?

Page 5: 1. Exponents - Livingston Public Schools · 2015-09-28 · 1. Exponents September 28, 2015 Exponents exponent a number that indicates how many times the base is used as a factor

1. Exponents September 28, 2015

Perfect Square Numbers

n n2 2

1

23

4

5

Perfect Square Numbers

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

 n  n2 = n

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

 n  n2 = n

11 121

12 144

13 169

14 196

15 225

16 256

17 289

18 324

19 361

20 400

n n2 = n n  n2 = n

1 1

2 4

3 9

4 16

5 25

6 36

7 49

8 64

9 81

10 100

Powers of Ten in Exponential Form      

100 = 10 ● 10  = 102

one hundred thousand= 100,000 = 10●10●10●10●10 = 105

10 8 = 100,000,000 = one hundred million

The exponent is the number of zeroes! 

Practice ­ Write each numeral in exponential form or vice versa a.  one trillion 

b. 107 

c. 10,000,000,000,000,000  

d. 109

e.  100 quintillion 

f.   1018    

g. 10 million 

h. 1010  

1,000,000,000,000 = 1012

10,000,000 

= 1016

1,000,000,000  

100,000,000,000,000,000,000 = 1020

1,000,000,000,000,000,000 one quintillion

10,000,000 = 107

10,000,000,000 = ten billion

erase toreveal

Page 6: 1. Exponents - Livingston Public Schools · 2015-09-28 · 1. Exponents September 28, 2015 Exponents exponent a number that indicates how many times the base is used as a factor

1. Exponents September 28, 2015

Zero as an exponent

Any number raised to the zero power is 1, except  00 is undefined.