1

diplobion

haplobion M

kuncup

P

sel induk

REPRODUCTION GENETIC OF

LIFE CYCLE

K

Dip

loid

x 1

0-6/

/ml

Jeni

s se

l (%

)

Strain B,C,Y,Z auxotrophic mutant

haploid aC X Z

2 hours later + aB & Y

diploid aC/ZaC/YaB/ZaB/Y

factor

hormone forcopulation

factor a

a

jam

Function of factor :

1. Aglutination: cell of compatiblemating type attached

• occur 30-60 mnt before cells stop togrow or modify their shape

2. Aglutination stopped the growthof the cell at G1 phase beforeDNA synthesis and budformation

(sikloheksimid stopped aglutination)

+factor

- factor

cell a, uninukleat budding

cell a, uninukleat not buddding

jam

2

Log

sel

/ml

DN

A s

ynth

esis

With factor

Without factor

Total cell

Total DNA

Faktor

stop

Model of mating regulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

3

4

MAT a

MAT

Biosyntheses of a-factor and alpha factor

MATING TYPE PHENOTYPE

idiomorph

MAT a1

MAT

W

W

X

X

Ya Z1 Z2

Y Z2Z1

642 bp

Cell of mating type a

tipe kawin

1427 bp

Control other mating typegene and gametconjugation

327 bp

a1

747 bp

W X Y Z X Ya ZW X Y Z

X Ya ZW X Ya ZW X Y Z

HML

HMR aMAT a

HMR aMAT

HML

HMR a

HMR a

MAT

MAT a

HML

HML

Mating type switching: casette model

Homology mat, HML dan HMR

= silence

Cassette interchange

• Gene HO formed enzymeY/Z endonuklease cut theborder of Y/Z

• strain HO+ (homothallic)switch their mating type

• strain HO - (heterothallic)do not switch their matingtype

• Product of gene SIRprohibit HML and HMRcutting

5

6

W X Y Z X Ya ZW X Y Z

HMR aMAT HML

Peran gen SIR

SIR 1-4

E E

• Switching occur in a pair of cell interconversion occur prior to DNAsynthesis

• HO Y/Z endonuclease produced at G1 phase and unstable (inactive whencutting has occured)

• HML a HMR cassette exchange with similar type of cassete

a

a a a a

M

G1S

G2

• Probability of cell that ever bud formedis 80%, switching a

• Gen SIR: prohibit HML & HMR cutting and transcription

PROGRAM OF MATING TYPEINTERCONVERSION (only haploid cell)

s

s

s a

s

Gen MAT encode

pheromone

Structure of Pheromone

Faktor a dan ---- peptida

Filtrat kultur sel mengandung 4 peptida:

1

2

Trp-His-Trp-Leu-Gin-Leu-Lys-Pro-Gly-Gln-Pro-Met-Tyr-OH

His-Trp-Leu-Gin-Leu-Lys-Pro-Gly-Gln-Pro-Met-Tyr-OH

3 = 1

4 = 2gugus

farnesil

a2

a3

Tyr-lle-lle-Lys-Gly-Val-Phe-Trp-Asp-Pro-Ala-Cys-OCH3

Tyr-lle-lle-Cys-Gly-Leu-Phe-Trp-Asp-Pro-Ala-Cys-OCH3

aabentuk oksidasi dari a2 dan a3

7

8

HORMONE ACCEPTOR AND CARA KERJANYA

Mating type

a

Matinghormone

a-faktor-faktor

Acceptorhormone

-faktora-faktor

Gene encodesacceptor hormone

STE2STE3

Cell surfaceAceeptor hormone

Sporulationdiploid cell /a Able to form ascospore

MAT a/function Experiments:MAT2 diploidMAT a diploidmat 2 x mat amat 1 x mat a ----- sporulate

MAT a /MAT diploid :- not mate- & a factor is not produce- cell not response to & a factor

Not sporulated

HO

2/a1 protein RME

IME