1 computer orientation basic info

7/28/2019 1 Computer Orientation Basic Info

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Computer hardware or hardware means the fixedparts that make up a computer.

Some examples include:

Processor , memory, motherboard, graphics card,network card, modem, USB flash drive, hard drive.
http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Processorhttp://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_memoryhttp://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motherboardhttp://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_cardhttp://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_cardhttp://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modemhttp://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_flash_drivehttp://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_drivehttp://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_drivehttp://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_flash_drivehttp://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modemhttp://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_cardhttp://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_cardhttp://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motherboardhttp://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_memoryhttp://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Processor


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Specification

Acer Veriton M 4620G

Quad Core Processor : Intel Core i5 760 3.0GHz

Motherboard: Intel B75 Chipset

Ram: 4.0 GB DDR3

HDD: 500GB

ROM: DVD/RW


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Audio In & Mic In

4 USB PortsOptical Drive

Power On & Off

Power & HDD LedIndicator


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PS/2 mouse

Serial port (COM 1)

Graphics Card port

Audio jack

RJ45 LAN jackPS/2 keyboard

USB 2.0 ports


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Amotherboard is the central printed circuit board(PCB) in many modern computers and holds many of thecrucial components of the system, while providingconnectors for other peripherals.

The motherboard is sometimes alternatively known as themain board, system board, or, on Apple computers, thelogic board.It is also sometimes casually shortened tomobo.


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Back Panel

Connectors

PCI Xpress

Slots

PCI Slots

Intel H57 ChipsetUSB Headers Serial ATA

Headers

ATX Power Connector

FDD Header

DDR3 Memory

SlotsIntel Quad Core Socket


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The central processing unit(CPU) performs most of thecalculations which enable a computer to function, and issometimes referred to as the "brain" of the computer. It is

usually cooled by a heat sink and fan.


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Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory(SDRAM)

Double Data Rate(DDR)


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The difference between DDR2 and DDR3

Official JEDEC Specifications

DDR 2 DDR3

Transfer Speed 400 800 Mbps 800 1600 Mbps

Voltage 1.8V +/- 0.1V 1.5V +/- 0.075V

Internal Banks 4 8

Prefetch 4bits 8 bits

Termination Limited All DQ signals

Topology Conventional T Fly-by

CAS Latency 3 5 6 10

Thermal

Sensor No Yes (optional)

Other than the difference in key notch position, DDR3 RAM is also due to run at a

higher frequency than DDR2 RAM. The specification provided by JEDEC provides

more insight to its performance.
http://www.jedec.org/http://www.jedec.org/http://www.jedec.org/


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A hard disk drive(often shortened as hard disk,

hard drive,or HDD) is a non-volatile storage device

that stores digitally encoded data on rapidly rotating

rigid platters with magnetic surfaces.


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25 to 50 GB (single-layer)

50 to 100 GB (dual-layer)

4.7 GB (single-sided, single-layer)

8.5 GB (single-sided, double-layer)

700 MB (up to 80 minutes audio)


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The keyboard is very simple to operate, and touch-typingaside, most people can operate a keyboard well enough.The keyboard is usually the primary input device for a PC,

which is why people can become emotional when it breaks.


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In computing, a mouse is a pointing device that functions by detecting two -

dimensional motion relative to its supporting surface. Physically, a mouse

consists of an object held under one of the user's hands, with one or more

buttons. (Although traditionally a button is typically round or square, modern

mice have spring-loaded regions of their top surface that operate switches

when pressed down lightly.) It sometimes features other elements, such as

"wheels", which allow the user to perform various system-dependent

operations, or extra buttons or features that can add more control or

dimensional input. The mouse's motion typically translates into the motion of

a cursor on a display, which allows for fine control of a graphical user

interface.


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Printer - A printer is a peripheral which produces a hardcopy (permanent human-readable text and/or graphics) ofdocuments stored in electronic form, usually on physical

print media such as paper or transparencies. Many printersare primarily used as local peripherals, and are attached bya printer cable or, in most newer printers, a USB cable to acomputer which serves as a document source. Someprinters, commonly known as network printers, have built-in network interfaces (typically wireless or Ethernet), andcan serve as a hardcopy device for any user on the network.Individual printers are often designed to support both localand network connected users at the same time.


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Athin film transistor liquid crystal display(TFT-LCD) is avariant of liquid crystal display (LCD) which uses thin filmtransistor (TFT) technology to improve image quality(addressability, contrast). TFT LCD is one type of active matrixLCD, though all LCD-screens are based on TFT active matrix

addressing


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Computer software, or just software is a general termprimarily used for digitally stored data such as computerprograms and other kinds of information read and

written by computers. Today, this includes data that hasnot traditionally been associated with computers, suchas film, tapes and records. The term was coined in orderto contrast to the old term hardware (meaning physical

device) in contrast to hardware, software is intangible,meaning it "cannot be touched".


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The purpose of systems software isto unburden the applicationsprogrammer from the oftencomplex details of the particularcomputer being used, includingsuch accessories ascommunications devices, printers,device readers, displays andkeyboards, and also to partition the

computer's resources such asmemory and processor time in asafe and stable manner. Examplesare -Windows XP, Linux, Mac OS

X and WMS 2010.


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Application software, also knownas software application,application or app, is computer

software designed to help the userto perform a singular or multiplerelated specific tasks. Typicalexamples areword processor/spreadsheet, media players

database application.

1 computer orientation basic info

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