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Chapters 1

Introduction

To Chemistry

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CHAPTER OUTLINE

What is Chemistry Changes in Matter Scientific Method

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WHAT IS CHEMISTRY?

Chemistry is the science that deals with the materials of the universe, and the changes they undergo.

Materials of the universe can be of several forms:

air, oxygen

water, gasoline, vinegar, orange juice

rock, charcoal, table salt, sugar, wood

Gas:

Liquid:

Solid:

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CHANGES IN MATTER

Burning of charcoal

charcoal + oxygen carbon dioxide

Gasoline + oxygen carbon dioxide + water

Burning of gasoline

+ +

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CHANGES IN MATTER

Fermentation of grape juice

glucose ethyl alcohol +carbon dioxide

Ethyl alcohol + oxygen acetic acid

Souring of wine

+

isopropyl alcohol

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SCIENTIFICMETHOD

The scientific method is a process of creative thinking and testing aimed at objective and verifiable discoveries.

It is generally composed of the following steps:

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SCIENTIFICMETHOD

NATURAL LAWObservations concurred by many.

MODEL(THEORY)

Scientific guess or proposal that

explains observationsProcedure to test

hypothesis. Measures one variable at a time

Conceptual assumptions that explain data from

experiments.Predicts related phenomena

HYPOTHESIS

EXPERIMENT

OBSERVATION

Facts that our ideas must

explain

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SCIENTIFICMETHOD

MODEL(THEORY)

HYPOTHESIS

EXPERIMENT

OBSERVATION

Hypothesis is changed if

experiments do not

support it.

Theory modified if additional

experiments do not support it

Success as a Beginning Chemist 

You must be curious and imaginative. Be willing to do calculations. Be committed to learning the

material.

Do your homework.

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THE END