1

Chapter 23The Age of Reformation

16th Century Art in Northern Europe and Spain

Gardner’s Art Through the Ages,

2

Figure 23-1 MATTHIAS GRÜNEWALD, Isenheim Altarpiece (closed), Crucifixion (center panel), from the chapel of the Hospital of Saint Anthony, Isenheim, Germany, ca. 1510–1515. Oil on panel, center panel 9' 9 1/2” x 10’ 9”, each wing 8’ 2 1/2” x 3’ 1/2”, predella 2’ 5 1/2” x 11’ 2”. Musée d’Unterlinden, Colmar.

3

Figure 23-2 MATTHIAS GRÜNEWALD, Isenheim Altarpiece (open), center shrine carved by NIKOLAUS HAGENAUER in 1490, from the chapel of the Hospital of Saint Anthony, Isenheim, Germany,ca. 1510–1515. Shrine, painted and gilt limewood, 9’ 9 1/2” x 8’ 2 1/2” x 3’ 1/2” (center), 2’ 5 1/2” x 11’ 2” (predella). Each wing, oil on panel, 8’ 2 1/2” x 3’ 1/2”. Musée d’Unterlinden, Colmar.

4

Figure 23-43 LUCAS CRANACH THE ELDER, Allegory of Law and Grace, ca. 1530. Woodcut, 10 5/8” x 1’ ¾”, British Museum, London.

5Figure 23-4 ALBRECHT DÜRER, Last Supper, 1523. Woodcut, 8 3/8” x 11 13/16”. British Museum, London.

6

Figure 23-5 ALBRECHT DÜRER, Four Apostles, 1526. Oil on panel, each panel 7’ 1” x 2’ 6”. Alte Pinakothek, Munich.

7

Figure 23-7 ALBRECHT DÜRER, The Fall of Man (Adam and Eve), 1504. Engraving, approx. 9 7/8” x 7 5/8”. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston (centennial gift of Landon T. Clay).

8

Figure 23-10 ALBRECHT ALTDORFER, The Battle of Issus, 1529. Oil on panel, 4’ 4 1/4” x 3’ 11 1/4”. Alte Pinakothek, Munich.

9Figure 23-11 HANS HOLBEIN THE YOUNGER, The French Ambassadors, 1533. Oil and tempera on panel, approx. 6’ 8” x 6’ 9 1/2”. National Gallery, London.

10Figure 23-14 Château de Chambord, Chambord, France, begun 1519.

11Figure 23-15 PIERRE LESCOT and JEAN GOUJON, west facade of the Square Court of the Louvre, Paris, France, begun 1546.

12

Figure 23-16 JEAN GOUJON, Nymphs, from the dismantled Fountain of the Innocents, Paris, France, 1548–1549. Marble reliefs. Each relief 6’ 4 3/4” ´ 2’ 4 3/4”. Louvre, Paris.

13

Figure 23-18 QUINTEN MASSYS, Money-Changer and His Wife, 1514. Oil on panel, 2’ 3 3/4” x 2’ 2 3/8”. Louvre, Paris.

14

Figure 23-22 PIETER BRUEGEL THE ELDER, Hunters in the Snow, 1565. Oil on panel, approx. 3’ 10” x 5’ 4”. Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna.

23-24 Portal and detail, Colegio de San Gregorio, Valladolid, Spain, ca 149815

16

Figure 23-26 Juan de Herrera and Juan Bautista de Toledo, aerial view of Escorial, near Madrid, Spain, ca. 1563–1584 (after an anonymous 18th-century painting).

17

Figure 23-27 EL GRECO, The Burial of Count Orgaz, Santo Tomé, Toledo, Spain, 1586. Oil on canvas, approx. 16’ x 12’.

Frontispiece of the Codex Mendoza. Viceroyalty of New Spain. c. 1541–1542 C.E. Pigment on paper.

18