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Chapter 1Engineering and Management

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Advanced Organizer

Decision Making

Planning

Organizing

Leading

Controlling

Research

Design

Production

Quality

Marketing

Project Management

Time Management

Ethics

Career

Management Functions Managing Technology Personal Technology

Managing Engineering and Technology

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• Origins of Engineering• Engineering as a Profession• Roles of Engineers• Management Levels and Skills• Roles and Functions of Managers• Engineering Management

Chapter Outline

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Learning Objectives

Describe the origins of engineering practice Identify the functions of managementDefine “Engineering Management”Explain the need for engineers in

management

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Origin of Engineering

“Engineer”& “Ingenious” stem from Latin word “ingenium”

• Talent, natural capacity

• Clever invention

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Definition of “Profession”

“a calling requiring specialized knowledge and often long and intensive preparation, including instruction in skills and methods as well as in the scientific, historical or scholarly principles underlying such skills and methods, maintaining by force of organization or concerted opinion high standards of achievement and conduct and committing its members to continued study and to a kind of work which has for its prime purpose the rendering of a public service.”

--Webster’s 3rd International Dictionary

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Definition of “Engineering Profession”

“the art of directing the great sources of power in nature, for the use and convenience of man.”

--The first issue (1866) of the English journal Engineering 

“the profession in which a knowledge of the mathematical and natural sciences gained by study, experience, and practice is applied with judgment to develop ways to utilize, economically, the materials and forces of nature for the benefit of mankind.”

--Engineers' Council for Professional Development

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What Engineers Do?

• Engineers apply the theories and principles of science and mathematics to the economical solution of practical technical problems.

• Engineers design machinery, products, systems, and processes for efficient and economical performance.

--U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

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Types of Engineers

• Civil Engineers• Agricultural Engineers• Mechanical Engineers• Electrical Engineers• Industrial Engineers• Chemical Engineers• Aerospace Engineers• Computer Engineers• Software Engineers• Biomedical Engineers

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Engineers of Future

• Teamwork

• Flexibility

• Interpersonal skills

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Engineering Employment

2006 2002 2000

Total (U.S.) 1,500,000 1,478,000 1,572,000Civil 256,000 228,000 211,000Mechanical 227,000 215,000 259,000Industrial 201,000 194,000 210,000Electrical 153,000 292,000 450,000Electronics 138,000 Aerospace 90,000 78,000 80,000Computer 79,000 74,000

Environmental 54,000 47,000

Chemical 30,000 33,000 67,000

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Engineering Employment

2006 2002 2000

Health & Safety 25,000 24,000

Materials 22,000 24,000

Petroleum 17,000 14,000

Nuclear 15,000 16,000

Biomedical 14,000 7,600

Marine / Naval arch. 9,200 4,900

Mining and geological 7,100 5,200

Agricultural 3,100 2,900

All others 170,000 243,000

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Engineering Jobs

• Manufacturing Industries (~37%)– Product Research, Design– Production, Quality– Plant, General

• Service Industries (~28%)– Marketing, Purchasing, Recruiting– Logistics

• Government (~12%)

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Management

Manage: “to handle”

Management: “the process for managing, training, or directing”

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Management Levels

• First-line managers– Foreman, supervisor, section chief

• Middle managers– Plant manger, division head, chief engineer,

operations manager

• Top managers– Chair of board, president, executive vice

president, CEO, CFO

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Managerial Skills

• Technical skills• Interpersonal skills• Conceptual skills

First-line Middle Top

Technical Skills

Interpersonal Skills

Conceptual Skills

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Managerial Roles

• Interpersonal• Figurehead, leader, liaison

• Informational• Monitor, disseminator, spokesperson

• Decisional• Entrepreneurial, Disturbance handler, Resource

allocator, Negotiator

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Functions of Managers

• Planning

• Organizing

• Staffing

• Leading

• Controlling

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Engineering Management:A Synthesis

• Engineering Management is the art and science of planning, organizing, allocating resources, and directing and controlling activities which have a technological component. -ASEM

• Engineering management is a field that bridges the gap between engineering and management. Engineering management involves the overall management of organizations with an orientation to manufacturing, construction, engineering, technology or production. -- Wikipedia

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“Ordinary Managers” vs.“Engineering Managers”

• The engineering manager is distinguished from other managers because he/she possesses both an ability to apply engineering principles and a skill in organizing and directing people and projects.

• He/she is uniquely qualified for two types of jobs: the management of technical functions (such as design or production) in almost any enterprise, or the management of broader functions (such as marketing or top management) in a high-technology enterprise.

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Engineering ManagersNature of the Work

• Plan, coordinate, and direct research, design, and production activities.

• Supervise engineers, scientists, and technicians, along with support personnel.

• Apply knowledge of administrative procedures, • Use communication skills extensively.

--Bureau of Labor Statistics

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Need for Engineering Managers

• High-tech nature of business• Extensive planning• Uncertainties in products and processes• Recruitment and evaluation of technical

personnel• Leadership and motivation of technical

personnel

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Management and Engineering Career

• Engineering and sciences managers held about 228,000 jobs in 2006.

• Manufacturing industries employed 38% of engineering and sciences managers.

• Another 31% worked in services industries. • Other large employers include Federal, State,

and local government agencies.• Employment of engineering and sciences

managers is expected to grow 8 percent over the 2006-16 decade, about as fast as the average for all occupations.

--Bureau of Labor Statistics

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Engineering Management Curriculum

EM Core:• Project Mgmt• TQM• Info. Sys.• Adv. Eng. Eco.• Enterprise Eng.• LogisticsBusiness Core:

• Accounting• Finance• Marketing• Org. Behavior• Operations

Mgmt

Eng Electives:

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Advanced Organizer

Decision Making

Planning

Organizing

Leading

Controlling

Research

Design

Production

Quality

Marketing

Project Management

Time Management

Ethics

Career

Management Functions Managing Technology Personal Technology

Managing Engineering and Technology

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Discussion Questions

1. What is your background? (Major, Level of study, country of origin, job title…)

2. Why do you take this course?3. What is your expectation from this class?4. Could you find out the trend in engineering

enrollment (at college level) in U.S.?5. Could you find out the trend in business

enrollment (at college level) in U.S.?