1 ccl confidential 寬頻電信乙太網路之技術與趨勢 ccl n000 劉炳傳. 2 ccl confidential...
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1 CCL Confidential
寬頻電信乙太網路之技術與趨勢
CCL N000 劉炳傳
2 CCL Confidential
outline
Introduction
Metro Ethernet Forum
Carrier Class Ethernet
Ethernet Demarcation
Summary
3 CCL Confidential
Ethernet
Most popular packet-switched LAN technology
Bus and Star topologies
Bandwidths: 10Mbps, 100Mbps, 1Gbps, 10Gbps
CSMA/CD
CS = carrier sense
» Send only if medium is idle
MA = multiple access
CD = collision detection
» Stop sending immediately if collision is detected
Exponential Backoff
4 CCL Confidential
Why did Ethernet Win?
Price
Performance
Availability
Ease of use
Scalability
5 CCL Confidential
Worldwide Ethernet based Services Market Size
$0$2,000$4,000$6,000$8,000
$10,000$12,000$14,000$16,000$18,000$20,000
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
EthernetServices
($m)
IDC, 2004Telecom Equipment
for 2005 (HR 2004)
Ethernet Services
2003-07 (IDC)
6 CCL Confidential
Broadband Service TrendsBroadband Service Trends
Worldwide Metro Ethernet Manufacturer Revenue by Technology ($)
$1,199
$1,260
$1,260
$1,117
$1,028
$1,087
$1,182
$1,148$492
$625
$267
$368
$403$894
$1,757
$2,684
$1,346
$1,214
$1,104$1,037
$731
$1,464
$729
$1,038
$891
$839
$343
$240
$181
$763
$485
$222
$132
$66
$89
$367$627
$0
$1,000
$2,000
$3,000
$4,000
$5,000
$6,000
$7,000
$8,000
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008Calendar Year
Re
ve
nu
e (
$M
)
RPR over fiber
Eth over WDM
Eth over Copper & Cable
Enterprise/metro Eth switches
Enterprise/metro rtrs w/ Eth interfaces
Eth over SONET/SDH
Carrier Eth switches & rtrs
Source: Infonetics – April 2005
7 CCL Confidential
Wireless SubscribersWireless Subscribers
Source: IDC, Yankee, EMC
8 CCL Confidential
Broadband SubscribersBroadband Subscribers
Source: IDC, Yankee, EMC
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
350,000
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
© Copyright 1997-2005 Yankee Group Research, Inc. All rights reserved.
Th
ou
san
ds Total North America
Total Latin America
Total EMEA
Total Asia-Pacific
9 CCL Confidential
… and by the way …
. . . Customers want all of these, delivered via a single, converged network….
• Enterprise & residential…
• Best-effort & bullet proof...
Video HeadEnds
BRAS…ISP
Voice Gateways
Corporate VPN
University VPN
Met
ro E
ther
net
Ntw
kSecurityReliabilityCost…
VoD
TV
Internet
Voice
VPN neta
VPN netb
•Video, voice & data…
•Mobile & fixed …
… via the same Ethernet-enabled infrastructure
10 CCL Confidential
MetroMetroCarrier EthernetCarrier Ethernet
MetroMetroCarrier EthernetCarrier Ethernet
Metro Metro Carrier EthernetCarrier Ethernet
The New Network Architecture
BusinessSubscriber
Service Provider
Nationwide/GlobalNationwide/GlobalCarrier EthernetCarrier Ethernet
Transport
IPIP
IPIP
IPIP
IPIP
IPIP
IPIP
IPIP IPIP
IPIPIPIP
IPIP
IPIP
• Carries all applications• Internet Access• IP VPN service
• Hard QoS and Traffic Engineering• Better bandwidth utilization/Scalability• Protection Switching (50ms)• OAM functions and TDM Support• Any-to-Any VPN services• Multicast support with Hard QoS
ResidentialSubscriber
11 CCL Confidential
A New Network Architecture
Video Source
Interne
t
Voice gateway
Voice/Video
Telephony
HD TVTVoD, VoD
Video Source
GamingBusiness
Backup, ERP
BroadbandWireless
BusinessBroadband
E-Line andE-LAN service
FTTx andDSLAM Backhaul
Wireless data/videoNetwork in Motion Residential
Triple-Play
CarrierEthernetCarrier
Ethernet
12 CCL Confidential
What’s Carrier Ethernet
Scalability• Services and Bandwidth• 100,000’s of EVC’s• From Mbps to x10Gbps• Customer data integrity
Protection• 50ms Protection• End to End Path Protection• Aggregated Line & Node Protection
Hard QoS• Guaranteed end to end SLA• End to End CIR and EIR• Business, Mobile, Residential
TDM Support• Seamless integration of TDM• Circuit Emulation Services• Support existing voice applications
ServiceManagement• Fast service creation• Carrier class OAM capabilities• Customer Network Management (CNM)
CarrierEthernetCarrier
Ethernet
13 CCL Confidential
What is the MEF?
The Metro Ethernet Forum is a non-profit organization chartered with the mission of accelerating Worldwide Adoption of Carrier class Ethernet Networks and Services.
The Forum is comprised of leading service providers, major incumbent local exchange carriers, top network equipment vendors, test equipment vendors and other prominent networking companies that share an interest in metro Ethernet.
The MEF has over 65 members as of March 2005.
14 CCL Confidential
AboveNetActelisAdva Optical NetworksAgilent TechnologiesAlcatelAlteraAMCCAtricaAT&TAxerra NetworksAxxessitBell SouthBritish TelecomCiena Corp.Cisco SystemsColt TelecommunicationsCorrigent SystemsCovaro NetworksDiatem
Ericsson
Extreme Networks
Foundry Networks
France Telecom R&D LLC
Fujitsu Network Communications
FutureSoft
Hammerhead Systems
Harbour Networks
Hatteras Networks, Inc.
Huawei Tech Co. Ltd.
Industrial Technology Research Institute
Iometrix
Iskratel
IXIA
Juniper Networks
KDDI R&D Laboratories, Inc.
MEF Member Listas of June 6, 05
15 CCL Confidential
Lucent TechnologiesLuminous Networks, Inc.Mahi NetworksMarconi CommunicationsMarvell SemiconductorMet-Net CommunicationsMetrobility OpticalNative NetworksNortel Networks Corp.NTT Advanced Technology Corp.OmniTron Systems TechnologyPMC-SierraQwest CommunicationsRAD Data CommunicationsRaza MicroelectronicsRedux CommunicationsRiverstone NetworksSBC Communications, Inc.
Shenick
Siemens AG
SII Network Systems, Inc
Spirent Communications
Sunrise Telecom
Telcordia Technologies
Telco Systems
TeliaSonera AB
Tellabs
Terachip
Tpack A/S
T-Systems
Transmode Systems
Transwitch
UNH- InterOperability Lab
Verizon Communications
World Wide Packets
Zarlink Semiconductor
ZTE Corporation
MEF Member Listas of June 6, 05
16 CCL Confidential
Carrier Ethernet Standards
Scalability• MEF 9 – UNI Testing• MEF 11 – UNI Framework• MEF UNI I IA• MEF UNI Type II• MEF Ethernet Aggregation• IEEE 802.1
Protection• MEF 2 – Ethernet Protection • MEF 4 – Architecture Framework• IETF – MPLS Fast Reroute
Hard QoS• MEF 6 – Service Definition• MEF 10 – Service
Attributes• MEF Service Attributes II• MEF Service Attributes
Testing• MEF Service Definition II
TDM Support• MEF 3 – CES Framework• MEF 8 – CES Implementation• MEF TDM Testing
ServiceManagement• MEF 7 – EMS and NMS Info Model• MEF OAM Framework & Requirements• MEF Performance Monitoring• MEF NE Management Requirements• IEEE 802.1, ITU
CarrierEthernetCarrier
Ethernet
17 CCL Confidential
Carrier Ethernet Drivers
Residential• Triple Play with IPTV
• 100’s of TV channels
• Video on demand
• Video recording/playback
• Interactive video apps
• Multi-megabit Internet access
• Remote learning
• Gaming
Business• Ultimate Connectivity
• Data Center Consolidation
• Gigabit connectivity between businesses
• Storage and disaster recovery
• Guaranteed rate multi-megabit Internet access
• Video conferencing & broadcast
• Business telephony
Mobile• Wireless backhaul
• Wi-Fi Access delivery
• WiMAX infrastructure
• 3G and beyond wireless
• Next gen data services
• High resolution photo
• Wireless video
• Gaming
• Digital TV
18 CCL Confidential
MetroMetroCarrier EthernetCarrier Ethernet
IPIP
MetroMetroCarrier EthernetCarrier Ethernet
MetroMetroCarrier EthernetCarrier Ethernet
Supporting Business Services
Any-to-any Layer 2 VPN to interconnect multiple locations transparently and effectively (with high and guaranteed bandwidth)
Supporting the convergence of data and voice
Branch
ISP
Nationwide/GlobalNationwide/GlobalCarrier EthernetCarrier Ethernet
IPIP
Branch
Branch Branch
HQ
Internet
E-LANE-LAN
19 CCL Confidential
MetroMetroCarrier EthernetCarrier Ethernet
MetroMetroCarrier EthernetCarrier Ethernet
MetroMetroCarrier EthernetCarrier Ethernet
Supporting Transport for IP Network
Nationwide/GlobalNationwide/GlobalCarrier EthernetCarrier Ethernet
IPIPIPIP
IPIP
IPIP
IPIP
IPIPIPIP
IPIP IPIP
IPIP
IPIP
IPIP
E-LAN connections among routers
Any logical IP topology, multiple EVC’s of a single physical interface
It supports all business IP services, from IP VPN to Internet access
R R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
IP NetworkIP NetworkUsing Carrier EthernetUsing Carrier Ethernetas the Transport Layeras the Transport Layer
20 CCL Confidential
MetroMetroCarrier EthernetCarrier Ethernet
MetroMetroCarrier EthernetCarrier Ethernet
MetroMetroCarrier EthernetCarrier Ethernet
Supporting TV Distribution ServiceS
ub
scri
ber
s
Nationwide/GlobalNationwide/GlobalCarrier EthernetCarrier Ethernet
IP DSLAMIP DSLAM
IPIP
IPIP
IPIP
IPIP
IPIP IPIP
Video Source
Video Source
1. Multicast tree(s) is(are) established with QoS guaranteed
2. Subscribers (the Set-Top-Box) sends request for a channel3. Carrier Ethernet filters, only replicates and forwards the requested channel to the subscribers
4. Video source protection and network protection are set up automatically upon requirement
L2 DSLAML2 DSLAM
IP DSLAMIP DSLAM
L2 DSLAML2 DSLAM
IP DSLAMIP DSLAM
IP DSLAMIP DSLAM
L2 DSLAML2 DSLAM
21 CCL Confidential
MetroMetroCarrier EthernetCarrier Ethernet
MetroMetroCarrier EthernetCarrier Ethernet
MetroMetroCarrier EthernetCarrier Ethernet
Supporting VoD ServiceS
ubsc
riber
s
Nationwide/GlobalNationwide/GlobalCarrier EthernetCarrier Ethernet
IP DSLAMIP DSLAM
IPIP
IPIP
IPIP
IPIP
IPIP IPIP
1. An E-LAN connection is established between DSLAMs and VoD servers2. Subscribers (the Set-Top-Box) sends request to RSM for a movie
3. RSM finds/informs the best VoD server, acknowledge subscribers of such
L2 DSLAML2 DSLAM
IP DSLAMIP DSLAM
L2 DSLAML2 DSLAM
IP DSLAMIP DSLAM
IP DSLAMIP DSLAM
L2 DSLAML2 DSLAM
IPIP
Resource & Subscriber Manager (RSM)
VoD server
Command Server
IPIP
IPIP
IPIP
E-LAN
4. The subscriber establishes RTP and RTSP session with VoD and Command server respectively
22 CCL Confidential
MetroMetroCarrier EthernetCarrier Ethernet
MetroMetroCarrier EthernetCarrier Ethernet
MetroMetroCarrier EthernetCarrier Ethernet
Supporting VoIP ServiceS
ubsc
riber
s
Nationwide/GlobalNationwide/GlobalCarrier EthernetCarrier Ethernet
IP DSLAMIP DSLAM
IPIP
IPIP
IPIP IPIP
L2 DSLAML2 DSLAM
L2 DSLAML2 DSLAM
IP DSLAMIP DSLAM
L2 DSLAML2 DSLAM
IPIP
IPIP
IPIP
IPIP
1. An E-LAN connection is established between WAN routers to build an IP WAN
L2 DSLAML2 DSLAM
L2 DSLAML2 DSLAM
E-LAN
IP WAN
Location Server
SIP ProxyServer
2. An E-LAN connection is established between the DSLAMs and the IP PoP in each metro3. Caller contacts the SIP Proxy server in order to find the IP address of the called party4. Caller establishes RTP session with the called party through E-LAN connection
23 CCL Confidential
Carrier Ethernet for 3G/UMTS Backhaul
Guaranteed QoS
Flexible SLA portfolios for different users and services
Flexible bandwidth growth without network upgrade
Efficient network for multimedia applications (P2P, P2MP, MP2MP)
Secure connectivity for corporate and consumer users
Seamless integration with the wireline transport network – both Ethernet and TDM
Carrier EthernetCarrier EthernetIP3G SGSN
IP
IP
IP3G SGSN
3G SGSN
3G SGSN
IPIP
24 CCL Confidential
MetroMetroCarrier EthernetCarrier Ethernet
MetroMetroCarrier EthernetCarrier Ethernet
MetroMetroCarrier EthernetCarrier Ethernet
Supporting Residential Triple Play ServicesS
ub
scri
ber
s
Nationwide/GlobalNationwide/GlobalCarrier EthernetCarrier Ethernet
IP DSLAMIP DSLAM
IPIP
IPIP
IPIP
IPIP
IPIP IPIP
Video Source
Video Source
L2 DSLAML2 DSLAM
IP DSLAMIP DSLAM
L2 DSLAML2 DSLAM
IP DSLAMIP DSLAM
IP DSLAMIP DSLAM
L2 DSLAML2 DSLAM
Voice, video & data distribution & backhaul
25 CCL Confidential
Service Provider Benefits Greater Revenue Potential - Granular Bandwidth
Multiple Revenue Streams from Single Interface
» Internet Access (E-Line)
» Ethernet Virtual Private Line (E-Line)
» Virtual Private LAN Service (E-LAN)
» BTV and VoD (Triple Play)
» VAS Enabled (VoIP, L3VPN, TDM/CES etc.)
Lower Capital Costs
Lower OPEX Costs
Higher Customer Retention
26 CCL Confidential
Ethernet Demarcation
27 CCL Confidential
What is Ethernet Demarcation?
UNI UNI
Media Convrtr.
Media Convrtr.
Carrier Edge
Carrier Edge
Media Convrtr.
Media Convrtr.
100FX 100FX
Cust.Eqpmnt.
Cust.Eqpmnt.
Ethernet Demarcation
Necessary at carrier to customer interface (UNI)
Provides separation between carrier WAN and enterprise LAN
Enables testing and monitoring of both LAN and WAN
IEEE 802.1aj standard started Mar ‘05
Carrier NW
100FX 100BT 100BT
DemarcationDevice
UNI
Carrier WAN NetworkCust. LAN
Network
Cust. LAN
Network
28 CCL Confidential
Ethernet Demarcation: History Repeats Itself
Ethernet 10/100BT Demarcation point: media converter, L2
switch, ADM, and now dedicated devices
Legacy Services (eg Frame Relay)
Demarcation point: Smartjack®, CSU/DSU or NTE .
Smartjack, CSU/DSU
or NTE
V.35
Carrier Network
DemarcationPoint
ADM,Modem or
Media converter
Demarcation is critical to scaling Ethernet ServicesDemarcation is critical to scaling Ethernet Services
Carrier Network
DemarcationPoint
Switch/Router
Customer Network
E1/T1
Switch/Router
Customer Network
ADM orModem
EoX100BT 100BT
EthernetDemarcation
Device
29 CCL Confidential
Ethernet Demarcation
Two key functions for Ethernet demarcation Ethernet NID (Network Interface Device) or Network Termination Equipment (NTE)
» Link/Service layer Ethernet OAM – 802.3ah & 802.1ag
Ethernet Service UNI (User Network Interface)
» Service layer policing and definition – MEF/ITU
Functions may be in standalone devices or integrated into first mile transport devices or CPE equipment
10/100BT
Customer Premise
Demarcation DeviceUNI & NID/NTE
Carrier Network
Carrier Network
Demarcation Point
Customer Network100FX,
GbEor EoX
ADM,Modem or
Media converter
10/100BT
Cust.Eqpmnt.
30 CCL Confidential
User Network Interface (UNI)
10/100BT
User Network Interface(UNI)
Carrier NetworkEoX
User Network Interface (UNI) function must be at customer/carrier demarcation point Especially if access link requires rate limiting for transport
MEF based service definition (UNI) on port or Ethernet Virtual Circuit (EVC) basis CIR/EIR – Committed/Excess Information Rate
CBS/EBS – Committed/Excess Burst Size
Traffic classification/priority based on TOS/DSCP/802.1P/802.1Q/etc. Low latency handling of VoIP/video services
Ethernet Virtual Circuit (EVC) or VLAN support
» 802.1Q & Q-in-Q - Add, remove, swap and stacking of VLAN tags
50M10M
Customer Premise
ADM,Modem or
Media converter
CustomerEquipment
31 CCL Confidential
Carrier Network
Network Interface Device(NID or NTE)
10/100BT
NID/NTE
EoX
Carrier visibility of customer network
Carrier visibility of carrier network
NID or NTE required at customer handoff for OAM Analogous to smartjack, CSU/DSU or NTE for frame relay
Link OAM (802.3ah) is necessary but not sufficient Performance monitoring and threshold crossing alarms
Remote failure indication - Dying gasp, link fault & critical event
Remote loopback (Port)
Services/Connectivity OAM (802.1ag, ITU, MEF, etc.) Continuity verification
Service level loopback
AIS/RDI or fault propagation
Test head to generate test suites (RFC-2544)
Cable integrity test for customer premise
Cust.Eqpmnt.
Customer PremiseLink OAM
Service/Connectivity OAM
32 CCL Confidential
Discovery
Allows provider edge switch to determine the OAM capability of the remote demarcation device
802.3 ah OAM support is “optional”
If both ends support OAM, then the two ends exchange state and configuration
Mode - active vs passive
OAMPDU size
Identity
Loopback support
10/100BT
DemarcationDevice
Carrier Network
EoX Cust.Eqpmnt.
DiscoveryMsg
(Active)
Customer Premise
DiscoveryResponse(Passive)
33 CCL Confidential
Performance Monitoring for SLA Conformance
10/100BTCarrier Network EoX
Visibility
Carrier Network Customer Network
Collected on port and EVC (VLAN) basis From both sides of demarcation point
RMON Etherstats aren’t enough, extensions for: Discarded packets (out of SLA), average bit rate parameters, ingress vs. egress BW, etc.
15 minute/24hour collection intervals with history
Threshold crossing alerts/notification
Real-time view of service performance
Reports for customer validation – monthly and web
Cust.Eqpmnt.Demarcation
Device
34 CCL Confidential
Remote Failure – Link Fault/Critical Event
10/100BT
Customer Premise
DemarcationDevice
DemarcationPoint
EoX
Link Faultmsg
Link Fault – e.g. Loss of signal is detected by the receiver
Sent once per second
Critical Event – Manufacturer specified failure eg hardware or software alarm
Sent immediately and continuously
Carrier Network
Cust.Eqpmnt.
35 CCL Confidential
Remote Failure - Dying Gasp
10/100BT
Customer Premise
DemarcationDevice
Carrier Network
DemarcationPoint
EoX
ADM,Modem or
Media converter
Dying Gaspmsg
Signals carrier that an unrecoverable local fault (e.g. power failure) has occurred
Sent immediately and continuously
Critical for both AC and DC powered customer premise located equipment
Cust.Eqpmnt.
36 CCL Confidential
Customer Premise
Ethernet Port Loopback
10/100BT
Customer Premise
Demarcation DeviceCarrier Network
Loopback
Port level testing is ideal for turn up and commissioning
Eliminates truck rolls
Works with central test head to perform RFC-2544 tests
Measures performance (delay, dropped packets, throughput, etc.)
Ideal for fault isolation and locating within carrier network
Can also work with integrated test head for end-to-end (service level) RFC-2544 verification
Ideal for end-to-end SLA verification
Demarcation Device
CustomerEquipment
Test Pattern
Test Head
Test Head
Test Pattern
37 CCL Confidential
Customer Premise
Selective (Non-Intrusive) Loopback
10/100BT
Customer Premise
Carrier Network
SelectiveLoopback
Selective loopback performed on VLAN or specific OAM frames (eg. opcode: ETH_LB)
Intrusively test of an individual EVC (VLAN) while remaining EVCs are in-service
Also used for continuity check and service assurance
Far-end test head executes test periodically on non-service affecting VLAN or OAM frame to verify end to end connectivity through entire network – similar to ping
Can measure delay, throughput, dropped frames of end-to-end service – follows actual data path (LSP, etc.) of customer traffic
Test PatternTestHead
Customer Traffic
Demarcation Device
Demarcation Device
Cust.Eqpmnt.
38 CCL Confidential
Cable Integrity Testing
10/100BT
Customer Premise
DemarcationDevice
Carrier Network
DemarcationPoint
EoX
Identifies opens, shorts and impedance problems with CAT-5 cable on customer premise
Measures distance to cable fault
Addresses large percent of customer induced issues
Cust.Eqpmnt.
Remote Fault
39 CCL Confidential
Ethernet AIS/RDI
Used to suppress downstream alarms and eliminate alarm storms from a single failure
Commonly used in legacy services like SONET, TDM, frame relay, etc.
InsertAIS
AlarmsSuppressedReport
Alarm
40 CCL Confidential
Fault Propagation
10/100BT
Customer Premise
DemarcationPoint
EoX
Fault Propagation allows upstream link issues to propagate downstream
Critical for end user applications that need visibility of network issues
Eg Redundant routing protocols (HSRP)
DemarcationDevice
Carrier Network
Cust.Eqpmnt.
Link downAISRX JABBERRFIDUP UNKNOWN
Link downAISDo nothing
Propagation
41 CCL Confidential
Demarcation For SLA Consistency
100BT
EoSONETCustomerLocation 3
ADM
ADM
100FXGbE
Carrier IPNetwork
CustomerLocation 2
CustomerLocation 1
Sophisticated QoSVLAN based services
Monitoring on port & VLANDetailed statistics
Limited QoSSimple port level services
Monitoring on port onlyLimited statistics
100BTADM
100BT
Ethernet Demarcation DeviceSophisticated QoS
VLAN based servicesMonitoring on port & VLAN
Detailed statistics
Ethernet demarcation device provides SLA consistency regardless of transport technology
e.g. ADM made to look like optical EthernetDemarcation
Device
42 CCL Confidential
Demarcation For OAM Capabilities
EoSONETCustomerLocation 3
ADM
ADM
100FX
GbE
Carrier IPNetwork
CustomerLocation 2
CustomerLocation 1
100BT 100BT Ethernet demarcation device provides OAM capability for remote management
Performance monitoring
Remote failure indication
Remote loopback
Continuity testing
Remote test head
Cable integrity testing, etc.
DemarcationDevice
1000BT
DemarcationDevice Media
Converter
100BT
1000BT
100BTDemarcation
Device
Media Converter Test Pattern
Test Head
43 CCL Confidential
Summary
Metro Ethernet Forum web site: http://www.metroethernetforum.org
Carrier Class Ethernet Protection
Hard Qos
TDM support
Scalability
Service management
Ethernet Demarcation
Performance monitoring
Loop back test
Failure alarm