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BTS330

Vision & Scope

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IT Projects What defines project success?

On time Within budget Delivers what the clients want

The reality Less than 20% of all IT projects

succeed

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IT Projects Why do projects fail?

Objectives not fully specified (51%) Poor planning/estimating (48%) New technology (45%) Poor or no project management

discipline (42%) Inadequate skills (42%)

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IT Projects To work towards project success,

the team needs to: Establish a good understanding of the

stakeholder community Demonstrate an understanding of the

problem to be solved – have a clear vision and scope for the project

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IT Projects To work towards project success,

the team needs to (cont’d): Capture the real needs of the

stakeholders and the system features required to fulfill them

Ensure that the views of the stakeholder community are actively and appropriately represented throughout the project

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Stakeholders A stakeholder is:

An individual who is materially affected by the outcome of the system or the project(s) producing the system

*Use Case Modeling by Bittner and Spence, p. 51.

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Stakeholder Types Share the same characteristics and

relationships Users

Actually use the system Sponsors

Those that have a vested interest in seeing the project succeed.

Funding the project

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Stakeholder Types Developers Authorities

Experts in a particular aspect of the problem or solution domain

Customers Those that will be purchasing the final

system

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Identifying Requirements

*Use Case Modeling by Bittner and Spence, Figure 3-3, p. 56.

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Identifying Stakeholders Who are the users of the system? Who is the sponsor of the

development? Who else will be affected by the

outputs that the system produces? Who will evaluate and sign off on

the system when it is delivered and deployed?

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Identifying Stakeholders Are there any other internal or

external users of the system whose needs must be addressed?

Are there regulatory bodies or standards organizations to which the system must comply?

Is there anyone else?

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Stakeholders Stakeholders own the problem and

are affected by the proposed solution

They are the primary source of the requirements

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Gathering Requirements When to start? How to start?

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Gathering Requirements Techniques for gathering

requirements Interviews Questionnaires Focus Groups Advisory Boards Workshops Reviews Role Playing

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Gathering Requirements Interviews

Target a small audience Ask open and closed ended questions Open ended

Generate discussion Leads to further questions i.e. How is a sale processed?

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Gathering Requirements Interviews

Ask open and closed ended questions (cont’d)

Closed ended Usually a ‘specific’ answer i.e. How many supplier orders do you

generate in a month?

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Gathering Requirements Questionnaires

Can target geographically dispersed stakeholders

Can target a large number at once Focus Group

Ability to gather specific feedback on specific topics

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Gathering Requirements Advisory Board

Informal focus group Workshop Review

Formal or informal meeting to review something specific (i.e. document or prototype)

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Gathering Requirements Role Playing

Used in conjunction with workshops to get feedback

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Identifying Requirements For a project, the team needs to:

know who the stakeholders are have a shared vision for the project

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Vision Statement Summarizes the long-term purpose

and intent of the system Vision Statement Template:

For (target customer) Who (statement of the need or opportunity) The (product name) is a (product category)  That (key benefit, compelling reason to buy)  Unlike (primary competitive alternative)  Our product (statement of primary

differentiation)

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Vision Statement Sample Vision Statement Sample for a Chemical Tracking

System (MS Software Requirements 2nd edition): For Jim’s Gym who needs to acquire an automated computer

system to run his new business, the Gym Management System is an information system that will provide a single point of access to manage his gym. The system will provide the capability to manage all aspects of Jim’s business such as managing members and fitness staff, schedule employees and fitness classes as well as a gift shop. There will also be services such as massage therapy and private and semi-private instruction with a fitness instructor offered. Unlike the competition, our product will allow members to manage their experience at Jim’s gym through an interactive web interface where customers can sign up for classes and services that the gym will be offering.

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Vision Statement Sample Vision Statement Sample for a Chemical Tracking

System (MS Software Requirements 2nd edition): For scientists who need to request containers of chemicals, the

Chemical Tracking System is an information system that will provide a single point of access to the chemical stockroom and to vendors. The system will store the location of every chemical container within the company, the quantity of material remaining in it, and the complete history of each container’s locations and usage. This system will save the company 25% on chemical costs in the first year of use by allowing the company to fully exploit chemicals that are already available within the company, dispose of fewer partially used or expired containers, and use a single standard chemical purchasing process. Unlike the current manual ordering process, our product will generate all reports required to comply with federal and state government regulations that require the reporting of chemical usage, storage, and disposal.

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Vision Statement Sample Vision Statement Sample for a Hockey Stick

Manufacturing Company: For Vitorio, a part owner in Slapshot, who is starting new division

named Butterfly to produce specialty goalie sticks for charitable purposes, a software system is needed to manage the production of these goalie sticks. The Butterfly system is a software suite that will manage orders, control and track inventory, secure designs and template, calculate production costs, log orders and track production, maintain shipping and receiving logs, generate invoices. Unlike the current Slapshot system which is not setup to track independent charitable production costs, our product will maintain separate costs, provide accurate costing information and will interface with the existing Slapshot system to maintain an independent business model. This will give Vitorio the information he needs to successfully operate Butterfly.

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Vision Statement Vision statement must provide a

shared understanding of the problem to be solved and unify the various stakeholder perspectives

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Vision Statement Exercise 1 For fun: you want to bring a 2nd

NHL team to Toronto. Using the Vision Statement Template, write a vision statement to do this.

Who are your stakeholders?

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Scope Represents the features or

functionality the system will provide Features:

Are the high level capabilities of the system

Are necessary to deliver benefits to the users

Fulfill the stakeholders needs Can be Functional or Non-Functional

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Scope Functional

What will your product provide i.e. online ordering, managing

customer

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Scope Non-Functional:

Performance Usability Scalability Licensing Installation Documentation

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Scope