1 book shibir title pages · 2011. 12. 19. · {deof l_g§ñh$ma {e{~a : _mj©x{e©h$m iv message...

{deof l_g§ñH$ma {e{~a : _mJ©X{e©H$m

i

nwUo {dÚmnrR>

amîQ´>r` godm `moOZm

{e[~a Am`moOZ _mJ©X{e©H$m

S>m°. emHo$am BZm_XmaH$m ©̀H«$_ g_Ýd`H$

nwUo {dÚmnrR>, nwUo.

S>m°. à^mH$a KmoS>Ho$amgò mo H$m ©̀H«$_ {Oëhm g_Ýd`H$ (nwUo CËVa)

EM.ìhr. XogmB© _hm{dÚmc`, nwUo 2

S>m°. ^JdmZ _miramgò mo H$m ©̀H«$_ {Oëhm g_Ýd`H$ (nwUo X{jU)

VwiOmam_ MVwaM§X _hm{dÚmc`, ~mam_Vr.

S>m°. S>r.gr. ndmaamgò mo H$m ©̀H«$_ {Oëhm g_Ýd`H$ (Ah_XZJa)

~r.Eg.Q>r. _hm{dÚmc`, g§J_Zoa Ah_XZJa.

àm. Eg.Q>r. Kwcoamgò mo H$m ©̀H«$_ {Oëhm g_Ýd`H$ (Zm{eH$)

H$cm, {dkmZ d dm{UÁ` _hm{dÚmc`, Zm{eH$.


ii

eŵ g§Xoe

emûdV gdmªJrU J«m_rU {dH$mgmgmR>r amgò mo ñd §̀godH$ !

B.g. 1969 gmcr _hmË_m Jm§YrOtÀ`m OÝ_eVmãXr dfm©{Z{_ÎmË`m§À`m {dMmam§Mr àoaUm H|$ÐñWmZr R>oD$Z ẁdH$m§Zm g_mO d XoeH$m`m©Vgh^mJr H$aÊ`mgmR>r amîQ́>r` godm `moOZoMr ñWmnZm H$aÊ`mV Amcr.amîQ́>{Z_m©UmMr OmUrd {dÚmWuXeoV {dÚmÏ`mªV ìhmdr d Ë`m§Zr Amnë`mH$ënH$VoZo amîQ́> C^maUrgmR>r hmV^ma cmdmdm `m hoVyZo am.go.`mo. hrẁdH$m§Zm àoaUm XoUmar EH$ Midi Amho.

^maV Xoe hm Jmdm_Ü ò dgcocm AgyZ àJVrÀ`m dmQ>m ehamnmgyZJmdmn ©̀V nmohmoM{dÊ`mgmR>r {dÚmÏ`mªZr nwT>mH$ma ¿`mdm hm g_mO{Z{_©VrMmhoVy `m {e{~aH$mimV Ë`m§À`mda {~§~{dcm OmVmo. Amnë`m {ejUmMo`moJXmZ J«m_rU OZVocm ìhmdo Á`m§À`mn ©̀V {dH$mgmMr J§Jm nmohmoMcocrZmhr Ë`m§Zm {dH$mgmÀ`m `moOZoMr _m{hVr H$ê$Z Úmdr, l_XmZmÀ`m_mÜ`_mVyZ ̂ ard H$m_ H$amdrV d à~moYZmVyZ OZg_mO {Z{_©Vr H$amdr B.hoVy {dÚmÏ`m©À`m _mÜ`_mVyZ am.go.`mo. gmVË`mZo nyU© H$arV Amho.

am.go.`mo. A§VJ©V df©̂ a MmcUmao {Z`{_V H$m ©̀H«$_ d J«m_rUOrdZ ehar {dÚmÏ`mªZm AZŵ dVm ̀ mdo d J«m_rU {dH$mgmgmR>r ̀ m ̀ wdH$m§_Ü òOZOmJ¥Vr {Z_m©U ìhmdr ̀ m hoVyZo {deof l_g§ñH$ma {e{~a XËVH$ IoS>çm_Ü òAm`mo{OV Ho$co OmVo. `m H$mim_Ü ò ehao d IoS>r `m§À`mV d¡Mm[aH$AmXmZ-àXmZ ìhmdo åhUyZ {deof {e{~a hm CnH«$_ AË §̀V _hÎdmMmAmho.

{dÚmnrR>mV emûdV d gd©g_mdoeH$ J«m_rU {dH$mg; {ejUhŠH$ H$m`Xm OZOmJ¥Vr, _mZd {dH$mg gd}jU, Z¡g{J©H$ g§gmYZo dg§dY©Z, gm§ñH¥${VH$, Eo{Vhm{gH$ ñWi OndUyH$ d B{Vhmg coIZ, _{hcm


iii

OZOmJ¥Vr, g~crH$aU d gj_rH$aU. JmdmMm AmnÎmr ì`dñWmnZAmamIS>m d nyd© {Z`moOZ gm_m{OH$ ~Xc d Jm§Yr {dMma BË`mXr {df`m§daCnH«$_ am~dyZ emûdV J«m_rU {dH$mgmMr C[ÔîQ>çoo nyU© H$arV AmhmoV.

`m {e{~am§Ûmao AmnU gd©OU J«m_rU {dH$mgmcm gH$mamË_H$X¥îQ>rZo gm_moao Omc Agm {dûdmg dmQ>Vmo.

S>m°. g§O` Mhm§Xo

Hw$cJwê$, nwUo {dÚmnrR>, nwUo


iv

Message

National Service Scheme cell of Pune University Pune hasorganized various innovative Programme like Sustainable integratedRural Development, Right to education, Human development index,Village history writing and conservation & natural, resources &heritage, Women empowerment, Anti female foeficid, distarmanagement, Value education & Ghandian thoughts etc. which arereally Important & positive contribution towards Nature &community for Sustainable Development.

I am Very Happy to know that NSS cell Pune University isbrining out Publication on Guidelines for special camping Programmespecially emphasizing the Implementation of Sustainable over allrural Development in the Adopted Areas. I am sure that thispublication will help all NSS Units, NSS Programme officers &Volunteers to implement the concept of Sustainable integrated RuralDevelopment thought NSS actives.

I convey my best wish to Dr. (Mrs.) Shakira Inamdar, NSSProgramme Coordinator & her associated with NSS activities &this publication. I express my sincere appreciation for all new ideasinitiated & implemented by NSS cell Pune University .

With best wishes.

(Madhav S. Jambhule)

Madhav S. JambhuleAsst. Programme Adviser

GOVERNMENT OF INDIAMINISTRY OF YOUTH AFFAIRS & SPORTS

NATIONAL SERVICE SCHEMEREGIONAL CENTRE, PUNE(MAHARASHTRA & GOA)

^maV gaH$ma

`wdm H$m`© Ed§ Iob _§Ìmb`

amï´>r` godm `moOZm, joÌr` Ho$ÝÐ nwUo(_hmamï´> Ed§ Jmodm)


v

eŵ g§Xoe

amîQ́>r` godm `moOZm hr {Z`{_V H$m ©̀H«$_ d {deof {e{~a `mdaAmYm[aV Agë`mMo AmnUm§g kmV AmhoM. "amgò moMr {e{~ao' hr ̀ m ̀ moOZoMmJm^m Amho Am{U åhUyZM {dÚmÏ`mªMm ì`pŠV_Îd {dH$mg hmoV AgVmZmMAm{U emûdV gdmªJrU J«m_{dH$mgmH$[aVm {e{~am§Mo Am`moOZ ho A{Ve`ZoQ>Ho$, gwñnîQ> Agmdo cmJVo.

_m. Hw$cJwê$ ̀ m§À`m AmXoemÝd ò nwUo {dÚmnrR>mÀ`m amgò moMr "{deofl_g§ñH$ma {e{~am' H$[aVm {Z`moOZ nwpñVH$m V`ma Ho$cr Amho. amgò moÀ`m_mÜ`_mVyZ ZdZdrZ J«m_rU {dH$mgmÀ`m AZoH$ ̀ moOZm cmoH$m§n ª̀V nmohmoM{dÊ`mMoH$m_ {e{~a H$mimV hmoVo. J«m_rU {dH$mg hmoÊ`mgmR>r hr {e{~ao AË §̀Vcm^Xm`H$ R>aV AmhoV. {e{~am§À`m Am`moOZmgmR>r `m nwpñVHo$Mm Cn`moJhmoB©c Aer ImÌr Amho. {dÚmWu d àmÜ`mnH$m§Zm àmoËgmhZ {_imdo.

S>m°. à_moX nm~«oH$a

amÁ`g§nH©$/{deof H$m ©̀H$mar ApYH$mar_hmamîQ́> amÁ`

_hmamḯ> emgZCƒ d V§Ì{ejU {d^mJ, _§Ìmb` H$jEpë\$ÝñQ>Z V§Ì {dÚmb` n[aga,3 _hmnm{bH$m _mJ© Ymo~r Vbmd,_w§~B©


vi

g§nmXH$s`

emûdV d gdmªJrU J«m_rU {dH$mgmgmR>r

am.go.`mo. 24 gßQ>|~a 1969 amoOr _hmË_m Jm§Yr OÝ_ eVmãXrdfm©{Z{_Îm amḯ>r` godm ̀ moOZm ñWmnZm H|$Ð gaH$maZo Ho$ë`mnmgyZ AmOVmJm`VgmVË`mZo amḯ>r` godm ̀ moOZoÀ`m {d{dY CnH«$_mVyZ XoemVrb J«m_rU {dH$mgmbmhmV^ma bmdbm Amho. l_g§ñH$ma {e{~amÛmao Jmdm§_YyZ ñdÀN>Vm, d¥jmamonU,añVmXþéñVr, nWZmQ>çmÛmao OZOmJ¥Vr à~moYZ Ago AZoH$ {d{dY CnH«$_CËH¥$ï> nÕVrZo am~{dbo AmhoV. _hm{dÚmb`rZ OrdZm_Ü ò {dÚmÏ`mªMmì`{º$_Îd {dH$mg KS>dyZ AmUVmZmM Ë`mÀ`m_Ü ò gm_m{OH$ ^mZ {Z_m©UH$ê$Z g_mO {dH$mgm_Ü ò Ë`m§Zm gh^mJr H$ê$Z KoÊ`mMo H$m_ amï´>r` godm`moOZoÀ`m _mÜ`_mVyZ Pmbo Amho. {ejU Am{U g_mO EH$Ì AmUÊ`mMmhoVy H$mhr A§er ̀ m {Z{_ÎmmZo gmYbm OmV Amho. amgò moOZo_Ü ò XmoZ nÕVrZoH$m_ hmoVo. EH$ _hm{dÚmb`m_Ü ò {dÚmÏ`mªÀ`m {d{dY JwUm§Zm dmd XoVl_mMo _hÎd Ë`m§Zm nmhmdo `m hoVyZo {Z`{_V H$m ©̀H«$_mMo ñdê$n AgVo Va{e{~am§_YyZ {dÚmÏ`mª_Yrb {d{dY H$bmJwUm§À`m _XVrZo J«m_rU ^mJmVOZOmJ¥Vr d l_XmZmÀ`m _mÜ`_mVyZ J«m_ {dH$mgmÀ`m H$m_mV ^ard H$m_C ô H$aUo ho {deof {e{~am§_YyZ H$m_ hmoV AgVo. {e{~a ho amï´>r` godm`moOZoMm _w»` Jm^m Amho. {e{~a H$mimV ̀ wdH$m§_Yrb ZoV¥Ëd JwU, gm[hpË`H$JwU, gm§{KH$ d {IbmSy> d¥Îmr d¥[ÕJ§V H$aUo, Ë`mÀ`m§_Ü ò XS>boë`m gwáJwUm§Mm emoY KoD$Z gd©JwU g§nÞ ẁdH$ V`ma Ho$bm OmVmo. amï´>mgmR>r gwÑT>ẁdH$ d gwOmU ZmJ[aH$ V`ma hmoÊ`mgmR>r `mo½` d nmofH$ dmVmdaU `m

{e{~am§_Ü ò {ZpíMVnUo AgVo.

XÎmH$ Jmd d VoWrb g_ñ`m gmoS>{dÊ`mgmR>r emgH$r` `moOZm§MmàMma d àgma ̀ m {e{~amÀ`m Xaå`mZ hmoV Amho. {e{~am Xaå`mZ JS>, _§[Xa,XþJ© g§dY©Z, B{Vhmg boIZ, nm`m ŷV gw{dYm d godm§Mm ZH$mem BË`mXr.


vii

Ë`mM~amo~a {ejU h¸$ H$m`Xm OZ-OmJ¥Vr e¡j{UH$ _m[hVrg§H$bZ, {ejU gm_m{OH$ {dH$mg, emim ~mø ~mb_Oya d dqMV _wbm§Mogd}jU, JmdmMm B{Vhmg, Z¡g{J©H$ g§gmYZo, Eo{Vhm{gH$ dmñVy, Xodio, [H$„o`m§Mo _m[hVr g§H$bZ, _mZd {dH$mg gd}jUm_Ü ò Hw$Qw>§~ gd}jU, Amamo½`gw{dYm `m joÌmMr _m[hVr - d AmamIS>o, _[hbm OZOmJ¥Vr, A{^`mZ,ór- ŵ«UhË`m {damoYr CnH«$_ Jmd AmnÎmr ì`dñWmnZ AmamIS>m d nyd©{Z`moOZ (RRC), ñWmnZ H$aUo, (AIDS/HIV) OZOmJ¥Vr d _yë`{ejUH$m ©̀H«$_, Jm§Yr {dMma MMm©, BË`mXr {df`mg AZwgê$Z ̀ m {dÚmÏ`mª~amo~aJ«m_rU ^mJmn ª̀V nmohmoM{dbo OmVo. Am{U {d{dY g_ñ`mMo gd}jU H$ê$ZAhdmb gmXa Ho$ë`mg Ë`mMm g_mO d emgZmbm Cn`moJ hmoB©b Ago_hÎdnyU© H$m ©̀ AmnUmg H$amd`mMo Amho. Ë`m H$m`m©g hr nwpñVH$m _mJ©Xe©H$R>aob. ̀ m {e{~amÀ`m _mÜ`_mVyZ ñd §̀godH$m§Mm ì`{º$_Îd {dH$mg {ejU dg_mO `m_Yrb Xar H$_r H$aÊ`mMm AmnU gX¡d H$arV AgVm.

^maVmbm AmJim doJim Agm Eo{Vhm{gH$ d gm§ñH¥${VH$ dmagmbm^bobm Amho. hm Xoe {d{dYVoZo ZQ>bobm, Z¡g{J©H$ g§nXmZr gObobmVgoM Eo{Vhm{gH$ dmñVyZr `m_Ü ò [H$„o, dmS>o, _hmb, _§[Xao ho gd© òWrbEo{Vhm{gH$ na§naoMr XmIbo XoV AmhoV. Ë`mgmR>r amgò mo hr EH$ Aer ̀ moOZmAmho H$s, `m_wio _hm{dÚmb`rZ ẁdH$- ẁdVr g_mO, IoS>o {ejU `m§ZmOmoS>Umam Xþdm Amho.

AmOMm `wdH$ CÚmMm ^maVmMm AmXe© d gj_ ZmJ[aH$~ZdÊ`mgmR>r, A{Ve` g§doXZerb, OmJê$H$, ì`dhmaXj Agm Agë`m_wioamgò moMm ̀ wdH$ ̀ mgmR>r àË òH$ dfu {Z`{_V d {deof {e{~amÀ`m _mÜ`_mVyZgm_m{OH$ H$m`m©V ̀ wdH$m§Zm l_XmZ, ~m¡[ÕH$ _mJ©Xe©Z d amgò mog e¡j{UH$A{Yð>mZ àmá hmoÊ`mÀ`m Ñï>rZo `m gmV [XdgmV {d{dY CnH«$_ am~{dboOmVmV. Ë`mdoir Ë`m Jmdm§er Ë`m _hm{dÚmb`mVrb ẁdH$m§Mo EH$ ZmVo,gm_m{OH$ ~m§{YbH$s OmoS>br OmVo, H$maU Ë`m JmdmMr gm_m{OH$, gm§ñH¥${VH$


viii

na§nam, O>¡d{d{dYVVm, amhUr_mZ d Odi Agbobo Eo{Vhm{gH$ dmñVwMoAä`mg VoWrb e¡j{UH$, Amamo½`, Amhma Ë`mÀ`mer OdiMm g§~Y, ZmVoOmoS>Ê`mgmR>r {e{~amH$mimV g§Yr {_iVo.

_hmamï´> {d{dYVoZo ZQ>bobm AgyZ CËnmXZ joÌmV [H¨$dm H¥$frjoÌmnojmhr n ©̀Q>Z joÌmV OmñVrV OmñV amoOJma nwadV Amho. _hmamï´>mVrbEo{Vhm{gH$ JS>, [H$„o, XþJ©, àmMrZ boUr, gmJar n ©̀Q>Z nmhÊ`mgmR>r Xoe-{dXoemVyZ òUmè`m n ©̀Q>H$m§Mm AmoKhr dmT>V Amho. XoemMr d _hmamï´>mÀ`mg§ñH¥$VrMr OJmbm AmoiI H$ê$Z XoÊ`mMr hrM Iar g§Yr Amho.

Xoembm ñdmV§Í` {_iyZ 64 df} Pmbr Var AmO J«m_rU ^mJmMrn[apñWVr AË §̀V X`Zr` Aer Amho. AmnU ̂ maVm{df`r Am{W©H$ _hmgÎmmhmoB©b `m Ñ[ï>H$moZmVyZ à`ËZ H$aV Agë`m Var hm {dH$mg IoS>çm§n ª̀VnmohmoMbm Amho H$m`? nmohmoMbm Zmhr Va Ë`m _mJMr H$maUo emoYyZ J«m_rU^mJ {dH$mgmMm àdmhmV AmUUo AmOMm ẁdH$mMr _hÎdmMo H$V©ì` Amho.VaM AmnU {dH$mgmH$S>o dmQ>Mmb H$arV AmhmoV Ago åhUVm òB©b.

AZoH$ ì`mdgm`{^_wI bmoH$ ì`{º$JV àJVrgmR>r Cn`moJ H$ê$ZKoV AmhoV. ̀ m_Ü ò VoWrb ̀ wdH$m§Zm amoOJmamMo JmOa XmI{dbo OmVo. àË`jmVhmVmV H$mhrM ZgVo. Aem doiobm amgò moÀ`m _mÜ`_mVyyZ Ë`m-Ë`m ̂ mJmVrbH$mam{Jam§Zm, ì`mdgm{`H$m§Zm VoWrb J«m_ñW _[hbm, Vê$Um§Zm gÜ`m n ©̀Q>Zì`dgm`mÀ`m _mÜ`_mVyZ Am{W©H$ g_¥Õ àmá hmoÊ`mMr g§Yr {_iUma Amho._hmamï´>mV àË òH$ {OëømV EH$-XmoZ n ©̀Q>Z ñWi åhUyZ {dH${gV H$aÊ`mMrKmofUm H$aÊ`mV Ambr Amho. Ë`m nmíd©̂ y_rda Vê$U d _[hbm§Zr EH$ g§YråhUyZ n ©̀Q>Z CÚmoJmH$S>o nm[hë`mg gw{e{jV ~oamoOJmam§Zm d ZmoH$arÀ`memoYmV ^Q>H$Umè`m§Zm H$[aAa Am{U Jw§VdUwH$sMm _mJ© {ZpíMV [Xgob.


ix

H$mhr {dÚmnrR>m§Zr n ©̀Q>Z d àdmg nX{dH$m Aä`mgH«$_ gwé Ho$bmAmho. ̀ m_Ü ò n ©̀Q>Z ì`dgm`mgmR>r Amdí`H$ gd© ~m~tMm g_mdoe H$aÊ`mVAmbm Amho. na§Vw Ago {ejU KoUmè`mMo à_mU H$_r Agë`mMo [XgyZ ̀ oVo.{e{~a `eñdrnUo am~dyZ AmOÀ`m Zd Vê$Um§Zm Aem AZoH$ CnH«$_mVyZ{dÚmÏ`mªZm OrdZmV _mJ©Xe©Z H$aÊ`mg amgò moOZm AË §̀V _hÎdnyU© ̂ y{_H$m~OmdV Agë`mMo bjmV òVo.

S>m°. emHo$am BZm_Xma

H$m ©̀H«$_ g_Ýd`H$amï´>r` godm `moOZm,nwUo {dÚmnrR>, nwUo


xi

AZwH«$_{UH$m

A.H«$. {df` n¥îR> H«$_m§H$

1 {e{~a H$m ©̀H«$_ n{ÌH$m 1

2 {deof l_g§ñH$ma {e{~amMr _mJ©Xe©H$ VÎdo 3

3 H$m ©̀H«$_ A{YH$mar d Ë`m§Mr H$V©ì ò 8

4 {e{~a nyd©V`mar 11

5 {e{~amVrc {Z`_ 20

6 {e{~amMo {Z`moOZ 27

7 {e{~amMr {XZM`m© 31

8 {e{~amVrb CnH«$_m§{df`r g{dñVa _m[hVr 33

9 IMm©Mm {d{Z`moJ 45

10 à_mUnÌ d AO© Z_wZm 51

11 àmW{_H$ gd}jU 67

12 J«m_ {dH$mg gd}jU 81

13 J«m_ {dH$mgmgmR>r emgH$s` `moOZm 84

14 H|$Ð d amÁ` emgZmÀ`m {d{dY `moOZm 88

15 {H$amUm _mcmMr `mXr 103

16 à{VkmnÌ 104

17 JrV 105


1

1 n{hcm {Xdg emídV d gdmª{JU J«m_{dH$mg AmamIS>m emim,A§JUdmS>r, Amamo½` H|$Ð, ñdñV YmÝ` XwH$mZ, J«m_n§Mm`V Am°\$sg, gmd©O{ZH$ em¡Mmc`, nmUrnwadR>m`m§~m~V nm`m ŷV gw{dYm d godm§Mm ZH$mem.

2 Xwgam {Xdg {ejU hŠH$ H$m`Xm OZOmJ¥Vr e¡j{UH$ _m{hVrg§H$cZ, {ejU AmamIS>m, Cƒ {ejUmMo gd}jU,emim~mø ~mc_Oya d d§{MV _wcm§Mo gd}jU.

3 {Vgam {Xdg JmdMm B{Vhmg, Z¡g{J©H$ g§gmYZ, Eo{Vhm{gH$ dmñVy,Xodio, {H$„o `m§Mo _m{hVr g§H$cZ.

4 Mm¡Wm {Xdg _mZd {dH$mg gd}jU Hw$Qw>§~ gd}jU, Amamo½` gw{dYm`m joÌmMo _m{hVr d AmamISo>, gm_m{OH$ d Am{W©H$gd}jU.

5 nmMdm {Xdg _{hcm OZOmJ¥Vr, g~crH$aU d gj_rH$aU "coH$cmS>H$s' A{^`mZ, ñÌr-^wUhË`m {damoYr CnH«$_,gd}jU.

6 ghmdm {Xdg JmdmMm AmnËVr ì`dñWmnZ AmamIS>m d nyd© {Z`moOZ_mZd{Z{_©V AmnËVrMo {Z~ªY d Cnm`{Z`moOZ

7 gmVdm {Xdg gm_m{OH$ ~Xc d Jm§Yr {dMma

{e{~a H$m ©̀H«$_ n{ÌH$m

l_g§ñH$ma {e{~am_Ü ò nwT>rcà_mUo CnH«$_ am~dmdoV.

Amamo½` {e{~a, aŠVXmZ {e{~a, eoVH$ar _oimdm, _{hcm OZOmJ¥Vr d~MV JQ> _oimdm, ẁdm ~MV JQ> d ñd §̀amoOJma _mJXe©Z, n`m©daU OZOmJ¥Vr,ì`gZ_wŠVr a°cr, g|X«r` eoVr d cKwCÚmoJ _mJ©Xe©Z `màH$mao darc CnH«$_{e{~a H$mcmdYrV am~dmdoV d Ë`mMm Ahdmc d \$moQ>mo amgò mo H$m`m©c`mggmXa H$amdoV hr {dZ§Vr.


2

CnH«$_/ H$m ©̀H«$_ Imbrbà_mUo pìhS>rAmo Šbrn_Ü ò nmR>dmdo.

1. {deof {e{~am_Yrc {MÌrH$aU

2. {Z`{_V CnH«$_ {MÌrH$aU

3. CËH¥$îR> CnH«$_, H$m ©̀H«$_, a°cr, _oimdm g§~YrMo {MÌrH$aU

4. g§{já ̂ mfU {MÌrH$aU- Hw$cJwê$, ñdmV§Ìg¡{ZH$, gm_m{OH$ H$m ©̀H$V},H$m_Jma, gaH$mar Am°\$sga, BË`mXrMo

5. Z{dZ CnH«$_ {MÌrH$aU

6. C„oIZr` CnH«$_ hmoÊ`mnydu d Pmë`mZ§VaMm n[aUm_

7. g§{já {MÌrH$aU- dV©_mZnÌmVrc ~mVå`m àñVmd, OZ©cg©, \$moQ>mo,à_mUnÌ BË`mXr

8. XyaXe©Zdarc ~mVå`m§Vrc g§̂ mfU

9. g§V JmS>Jo~m~m ñdÀN>Vm A{^`mZ, V§Q>m_wŠVr ̀ m CnH«$_mVrc gh^mJ{MÌrH$aU

10. _mOr {dÚmWu `mXr Ë`m§Mr _Vo

11. gaH$mar, {Z_gaH$mar g§KQ>Zm `m§Moer Ho$cooco ZdrZ H$ama/CnH«$_

12. Amnë`mH$Sy>Z Z g§nm{XV Ho$cocr na§Vy gwñnîQ> Am{U Mm§Jcr {MÌ\$sV7 Vo 10 _oJm{\$Šgc, eŠ`Vmo àmo\o$eZc H°$_oam ho gd© Mm§Jë`m CD\$m°a_oQ> _Ü ò qH$dm noZ Ś>mBìh_Ü ò AmnUm§H$Sy>Z Ano{jV Amho.


3

{deof l_g§ñH$ma {e[~amMr _mJ©Xe©H$ VÎdo

{e{~a hm amḯ>r` godm ̀ moOZoMm AmË_m Agë`m_wio {e{~amMo {Z`moOZ,Am`moOZ d `eñdr[aË`m nyV©Vm hm AË §̀V _hÎdmMm ^mJ Amho.{e{~a hmamï´>r` godm `moOZoMm A{d^mÁ` KQ>H$ Amho. `m {e{~amV ẁdH$m§gmR>r IynM§mJë`m àH$maMr g§Yr Amho H$maU ̀ m_Ü ò {dÚmÏ`mªZm EH$Ì amhUo, EH$_oH$m§À`mAZŵ dmMr XodmU-KodmU H$aUo, gVV gm_m{OH$ JmoîQ>tÀ`m MM}Ûmao {dMma-{d{Z_` H$aUo, gm_m{OH$ àíZm§Mr MMm© H$éZ Vo àíZ, g_ñ`m, AS>MUr`mda Cnm` emoYÊ`mgmR>r à`ËZ H$aUo.

1. {e{~amMm CÔoe …

{deof {e{~a XoenmVirdarc {d{dY àJVrÀ`m ÑîQ>rZo _hÎdmMoAgUmè`m {df`mMm JmdnmVirda Adc§~ hmoÊ`mgmR>r Ho$cm OmVmo. AmOn ª̀V{deof {e{~amÀ`m _mÜ`_mVyZ ̀ wdH$ d IoS>çm§Mm {dH$mg, "~cemcr ̂ maVmgmR>rgwÑT> ẁdH$', "amï´>r` EH$mË_Vm d gm_m{OH$ EH$mË_Vm `m_Ü ò ẁdH$m§Mmgh^mJ', "gmjaVm d ẁdH', "IoS>çmÀ`m nwZ~mªYUrV ẁdH$m§Mm gh^mJ'na§Vw AmVm "{Z_©c J«m_ ñdÀN>Vm A{^`mZ d ̀ wdH$', "{MaH$mcrZ àJVrgmR>rẁdH' `m_Ü ò gr.gr.Q>r., nmUr ì`dñWmnZ d {Z`moOZ, ZmnrH$ O_rZ

ì`dñWmnZ, d¥jmamonU, ~§Ymao ~m§YUo, ES>²g OZOmJ¥Vr, BË`mXr g§H$ënZmam~{dë`m AmhoV. H|$Ð gaH$maZo `m dfugmR>r {Xcoë`m g§H$ënZm 2009-2010 `m e¡j{UH$ dfm©gmR>r amï´>r` godm `moOZo_m\©$V nwT>rc {df`àmÜ`mnH$m§Zr {e{~a H$mcmdYr_Ü ò hmVr ¿`mdoV.

1 n`m©daU, Z¡g{J©H$ g§gmYZo, g§dY©Z, g§mñH¥${VH$, Eo{Vhm{gH$ ñWiOndUyH$.

2 Amamo½`, gm_m{OH$ d d¡Mm[aH$ ñdÀN>Vm.3 gdmªJrU J«m_rU {dH$mg, (g_W© ^maV A{^`mZ)4 gmjaVm, H$m`Xm OmJ¥Vr


4

5 AmnÎmr ì`dñWmnZ

amï´>r` godm `moOZoV Agcoë`m g§» òÀ`m 50% ñd §̀godH$ {deof{e{~amV gh^mJr hmoVmV d BVŠ`m _moR>çm à_mUmV AgUmè`m ̀ m ̀ wdH$m§À`m_mÜ`_mVyZ \$ma _moR>çm à_mUmV XO}Xma d CËH¥$ï> Ago H$m_ C ô amhÿ eH$Vo.

2 {e{~a H$mcmdYr …

{e{~amMm H$mcmdYr `m dfm©nmgyZ gmV {Xdg BVH$m Ho$cm AmhoåhUOo àË`j H$m_ gmV {Xdg AgUo JaOoMo Amho. `m_Ü ò OmÊ`mMm dòÊ`mMm {Xdg J¥{hV Yé Z ò åhUOo {Z òm{OV H$m_ nyU© hmoD$ eH$oc.

3 {e{~amV amhÊ`mMr gmò …

{e{~am_Ü ò amhÊ`mMr gmò hr emim, nM§m`VrÀ`m Imoë`m AWdmgwa{jV OmJm Agmdr. {e{~a _hm{dÚmc` qH$dm Odinmg KoD$ Z ò.{e{~a ho XÎmH$ IoS>çmV Agmdo.

4 {e{~amV OodÊ`mMr gm ò …

1 OodU éMH$a, MdXma, gmYo gd© OrdZgÎd ẁº$ Agmdo.2 OodUmV ñWm{ZH$ nXmW© H$S>YmÝ ò, ^mOrnmcm `mnm§gyZ ~Z{dcoco

Agmdo.3 OodU qH$dm nXmW© R>a{dVmZm ñd §̀godH$m§Mm gh^mJ Agmdm.4 OodU V`ma H$aVmZm ñd §̀godH$m§Zm JQ>mJQ>mZo g_m{dï> H$amdo.5 OodU H$arV AgVmZm qH$dm {H$amUm KoVmZm ñWm{ZH cmoH$m§Moo ghH$m ©̀

d gh^mJ ¿`mdm åhUOo bmoH$gh^mJ dmT>yZ {e{~amMo C{Ôï> nyU©hmoÊ`mg _XV hmoB©c.

5 {e{~amMr H$m_o/ CnH«$_ :

1 XÎmH$ JmdmÀ`m JaOoZwgma d bmoH$m§À`m Amdí`H$VoZwgma d gh^mJmZoCnH«$_ am~dmdoV.


5

2 CnH«$_/H$m_o Amnë`mcm {Xcoë`m _mJ©X[e©Ho$à_mUoM ¿`mdrV.3 R>am{dH$ d `mo½` H$m_o {Xcoë`m H$mcmdYrV H$m_o nyU© H$amdrV.4 XÎmH$ Jmdmcm nyaH$ ZgUmar H$m_o hmVr KoD$ Z òV.5 CnH«$_mV d H$m_mV J«m_ñWm§Mm, _{hcm§Mm, emcò _wcm§Mm gh^mJ

AgUo JaOMo Amho.6 {e{~amV ñWm{ZH$ bmoH$m§Mm gh^mJ …1 CnH«$_mV d {e{~a H$m_mV ñWm{ZH$ bmoH$m§Mm gh^mJ AgUo d Vmo

gh^mJ dmT>Uo AË §̀V JaOoMo Amho.2 CnH«$_ d H$m_ hr Ë`m§À`m Cn`moJmMr AmhoV d Vr gmVË`mZo nwT>oo

Mmcy R>odÊ`mgmR>r _hÎdmMr Amho.3 ñd §̀godH$m§Zm ho H$m_ H$aÊ`mgmR>r ̀ oWoo AmUco Amho d Ë`mMm Ë`m§Zm

\$m`Xm hmoUma Amho Ago g_O ñWm{ZH$ bmoH$m§Mm hmoD $XoD$ ZH$m.4 ho {dÚmWu ñdV… Aä`mgH«$_ gm§̂ miyZ amḯ>r` godm ̀ moOZm§Ü ò godm^mdr

H$m_ H$aVmV `mMr OmU H$éZ Úm.5 Aem J«m_rU {dH$mgH$m_mV J«m_ñWm§Mm gh^mJ dmT>{dë`mg Ë`m§Mm

d IoS>çmMm {dH$mg Va hmoB©bM na§Vww Ë`mM~amo~a gwé H$ococo CnH«$_gmVË`mZo gwê$ amhVrc.

7 {e{~amVrc H$m ©̀H«$_ …

1 {e{~amVrc {XZM`m© hr J«m_rU ^mJmer {_iVr-OwiVr dñd §̀godH$m§À`m Ñï>rZo {hVH$maH$ Agmdr. Ë`m_wio {e{~amV {eñV dg[H«$` gh^mJ amhrc.

2 [deof {e{~a ho J«m_ñWm§er gwg§dmX d Ë`m§À`m_YyZ AZoH${dY JmoîQ>tMmAä`mg H$aÊ`mgmR>r AgVo. Vo _Om H$aÊ`mgmR>r [H¨$dm ghc AmhoAgo g_Oy Z ò.

3 {e{~am_Ü`o doJdoJù`m àH$maMo CnH«$_ am{~dco Joco nm{hOoV.JQ>mJQ>mìXmao AZoH$ CnH«$_ ñd §̀godH$m§_m\©$V J«m_ñW EH$én hmoÊ`mÀ`m


6

ÑîQ>rZo hmVr ¿`mdrV åhUOo JmdmMm gdmªJrU Aä`mg, H$m_o nyU©hmoÊ`mg Cn`moJ hmoB©c.

4 l_XmZ, g§mñH¥${VH$, ~m¡pÜXH$ H$m ©̀H«$_m§ìXmao ñd §̀godH$ d J«m_ñWm§ZmEH${ÌV AmUÊ`mMm à`ËZ H$amdm. `m_Ü òA) l_XmZ … ̀ m_Ü ò g§S>mgmgmR>r IÈ>o ImoXUo, gr.gr.Q>r.gmR>r

Ma ImoXUo, añVmXwéñVr, PmS>o cmdUo d JmdmÀ`m JaOoZwgma{Z`moOZ H$amdo. - 5 Vmg.

~) ~m¡pÜXH$ gÌ … {d{dY {df`mda MMm©gÌ, ì`m»`mZo JQ>MMm©,{Z~§Y ñnYm©, dº¥$Ëd ñnYm©, {MÌH$cm ñnYm©, ~m¡pÜXH$ Ioi,dmX-{ddmX ñnYm© `m _mÜ`_mVyZ Amamo½`, amï´>r` EH$mË_Vm,gm_m{OH$ _yë`m§Mm èhmg `m_Ü ò ì`gZm{YZVm, hþ§S>m KoUonÜXV, «̂ï>mMma, A§YlÜXm, gm_m{OH$ d amï´>r` O~m~Xmar,~MVJQ>mMr Amdí`H$Vm, AmYw{ZH$ eoVH$s V§ÌkmZ Aem{df`m§Mm g_mdoe H$amdm. - 2 Vmg.

H$) gm§ñH¥${VH$ H$m`©H«$_ … `m_Ü`o nma§n[aH$ Xoe^ŠVrnacmoH$H$cm, ñWm{ZH$ H$cmH$mam§Mm g_mdoe H$amdm. nWZmQ>ç,^OZ, H$sV©Z, àdMZ, OmË`m§darc JmUr, CImUo, eoVH$arJmÊ`m§Mm g_mdoe Agmdm. - XrS> Vmg.

S>) J«m_rU {dH$mg CnH«$_mV ñd §̀godH$m§Mm gh^mJ hmoÊ`mgmR>r{e{~a H$mimV emgH$s` ̀ moOZm, Ë`mMm cm^, àm¡T> gmjaVm,gd© {ejm A{^`mZ, {Z_©cJ«m_ A{^`mZ, B§{Xam Amdmg`moOZm, eoVH$è`m§gmR>r {d{dY ̀ moOZm, gm_m{OH$ dZrH$aU,nmUr _mVr gmR>dUyH$, Xw½Yì`dgm`, AmnÎmr ì`dñWmnZ,ñWm{ZH$ AmnÎmtMm AmT>mdm d Cnm` ̀ moOZm, {dOoÀ`m g_ñ òdaAnma§n[aH$ D$Om© òmoVmMo Cn`moJ, h[aV D$Om© CnH«$_,Eo{Vhm{gH$ dmñVyMo OVZ d B{Vhmg coIZ,gm§ñH¥${VH$ d


7

Eo{Vhm{gH$ dgm d Ë`m§Mr OndUyH$ H$aUo, Am{W©H$ dV§ÌkmZ àJVrMm Aä`mg hm `m {e{~a H$mimÀ`m Xaå`mZPmcm nm{hOo. Aem CnH«$_mMo \$moQ>mo, _m{hVrnQ> V`ma H$amdoV.


8

H$m ©̀H«$_ A{YH$mar d Ë`m§Mr H$V©ì ò

amï´>r` godm `moOZoMr _yë ò, VÎdkmZ d C{Ôï>o `m Jmoï>r H$m ©̀H«$_A{YH$mè`m§Zr ñd`§godH$m§Zm g_OmdyZ gm§{JVë`m nm{hOoV. H$m`©H«$_A{YH$mè`m§Zr ñd §̀godH$m§_m\©$V amï´>r` godm `moOZm CnH«$_mMr AmIUrH$aUo, H$m`m©Ýd`rV H$aUo d ̀ m CnH«$_m§Mo _yë`m§H$Z H$aUo ̀ mgmR>r ñd §̀godH$m§Zm{Xem d _mJ©Xe©Z H$amdo. amï´>r` godm ̀ moOZoV H$m ©̀H«$_ A{YH$mar ̀ mcm CÎm_{ejH$, g§`moOH$, g_Ýd`H$, {ZarjH$, àemgH$, OZg§nH©$ A{YH$mar dgm_m{OH$ ~m§{YcH$sMr OmU `m gd© O~m~Xmè`m nma nmS>mì`m cmJVmV.

{ejH$ …

1 amï´>r` godm ̀ moOZm ñd §̀godH$m§Zm ̀ m gm_m{OH$ godm§~m~V à~moYZmMmdJ© KoD$Z _m{hVr Úmdr.

2 amï´>r` godm ̀ moOZoMr C{Ôï>o nyU© H$aÊ`mgmR>r ̀ mo½` nÜXVr d H$m¡eë òAdJV H$aÊ`mgmR>r Ë`m§Zm _mJ©Xe©Z H$am.

3 ôQ>r, ~¡R>H$m, ~mVå`m, MMm©, H$m ©̀emim `m _mÜ`_mVyZ gm_m{OH$godm `mgmR>r {ejH$, ñd §̀godH$m§Zm àmoËgm[hV H$am.

4 amï´>r` godm `moOZoÀ`m CnH«$_mV d H$m ©̀H«$_mV àË`jnUo e¡j{UH$Aä`mgH«$_m§Mm g_mdoe Agmdm.

5 X¡Z§{XZ _hm{dÚmc` AmdmamV d H$m ©̀H«$_mV godm§Mm Adc§~ H$gmH$amdm `m àmË`{jH$ d H¥$Vr_YyZ ñd §̀godH$m§Zm _mJ©Xe©Z H$amdo.

6 {eñV, j_m d H$V©ì` `mMm g§̀ moJ d Ë`mMm Adc§~ H$amdm.

g§̀ moOH$ …

1 amï´>r` godm `moOZoÀ`m H$m_mV {dÚmÏ`mªZm àmoËgmhZ XoD$Z _mJ©Xe©ZH$éZ `moOZoV gh^mJr H$éZ ¿`mdo.


9

2 _hm{dÚmc`mVrc {ejH$, {dÚmWu d BVam§Zm ̀ m~Ôc g{dñVa _m{hVrXoD$Z `m `moOZo~Ôc OZOmJ¥Vr H$amdr.

3 emgH$s`, {Z_emgH$s`,ñd §̀godr gm_m{OH$ H$m ©̀ gh`moJr g§ñWm`m§Mr Zm|X H$amdr.

4 Cn ẁŠVVm d eŠ`Vm d JaOoZwgma gm_m{OH$ CnH«$_m§Mr {ZdS> H$amdr.

g_Ýd`H$ …

1 {dÚmÏ`mªMr j_Vm d gm_m{OH$ JaO `mZwgma `moOZmMo CnH«$_am~dmdoV.

2 _hm{dÚmc`mV CncãY Agcoë`m {ejH$, Ë`m§Mo kmZ d H$m¡eë ò`m§Mm `moOZmMo CnH«$_ am~dÊ`mgmR>r g_mdoe H$éZ ¿`mdm.

3 emgH$s`, {Z_emgH$s`, ñd §̀godr, H$ë`mUH$mar godm ̀ moOZm, g§ñWm,òmoVmMo CnH«$_ ̀ eñdr H$aÊ`mH$[aVm _XV d gh^mJ H$éZ ¿`mdm.

{ZarjH$ …

1 ñd §̀godH$m§Zm Ë`m§Mo H$m ©̀ H$go H$amdo? `mMo {ejU H$go ¿`mdo?`mgmR>r _XV H$amdr.

2 ñd §̀godH$m§À`m j_VoZgwma d H$m¡eë`mZwgma BpÀN>V H$m ©̀nyV©VogmR>r_mJ©Xe©Z H$amdo.

3 g_ñ`m§_Ü ò Amnco H$m¡eë` d ~wpÜX_Îmm nUmcm cmdyZ Ë`m gmoS>[dÊ`mMmà`ËZ H$amdm.

ì`dñWmnH$ …

1 àmMm ©̀, g„mJma g{_Vr d {dÚmnrR>mMo H$m ©̀H«$_ g_Ýd`H$ `m§ZmAmnë`m EH$H$mV hmoUmè`m CnH«$_mMr gVV _m{hVr Úmdr.

2 X¡Z§[XZ H$m ©̀H«$_mMo à`moOZ d {Z`moOZ H$amdo.


10

3 {Z`{_V g§nH©$/nÌì`dhma gmYcm nm{hOo.

4 {Z`{_V H$m ©̀H«$_, gh^mJr {dÚmÏ`mªMm Ahdmc R>odmdm.

5 doimodoir hmoUmè`m H$m ©̀H«$_m§Mm {dH$mg/àJVr Ahdmc _hm{dÚmc`mVd {dÚmnrR>mg nmR>dZy Úmdm.

6 coIoo d IaoXrMr Zm|X {Z`{_V R>odmdr.

7 dm{f©H$, CnH«$_mMo {Z`moOZmMm AmamIS>m V`ma H$amdm.

{e[~a `eñdr hmoÊ`mgmRr> doioMoo H$mQ>oH$moanUo nmcZ hmoUooAmdí`H$ AgVo. àË òH$ Jmoï>,> H¥$Vr d CnH«$_ doioV ìhmdo.

amï´>r` godm `moOZoMo OZg§nH©$ A{YH$mar …

1 amï´>r` godm `moOZoÀ`m CnH«$_mMr/H$m ©̀H«$_mMr _m{hVr dV©_mZnÌ,aoS>rAmo, XÿaXe©Z H$m ©̀emim, MMm©gÌm_m\©$V g_mOmn ª̀V nmohmoMdmdr.

2 amï´>r` godm ̀ moOZoÀ`m H$m ©̀H«$_mÀ`m _mÜ`_mVyZ g_mO d {dÚmÏ`mªZmàoaUm d àmoËgmhZ {_imco nm{hOo.

3 g_mOm{^_wI d gm_m{OH$ àíZm~m~V amï´>r` godm `moOZo _m\©$VH$m ©̀H«$_ gwê$ H$amdoV.

4 g_mOmcm Ooìhm Ooìhm Amdí`H$Vm AgVo Voìhm ñd`§godH$m§ZmAS>MUr/JaOm/ {Z`moOZmV gh^mJr amhÊ`mg Xj Ro>dmdo.

5 {d{dY g_ñ`m§Zm d AmnÎmr gmoS>dÊ`mgmR>r ñd §̀godH$m§Zm gj_H$amdo.

6 gm_m{OH$ ~m§[YcH$s d OmUrd ñd §̀godH$mV q~~dcr nm{hOo.


11

{e[~a nyd©V`mar

1 XÎmH$ Jmd {ZdS> …

XÎmH$ Jmd {ZdS>VmZm XmoZ àH$maÀ`m Jmdm§Mr {ZdS> H$aVm òVo. OoWogmò r-gw{dY§mMm nyU© A^md Amho Ago EImXo Jmd qH$dm OoWo gmò rgw{dYm§{df`rOmUrd Amho. _mZ{gH$Vm ~XcÊ`mMr JaO Amho Aem nÕVrMo Jmd.ehamnmgyZ XyadaÀ`m Jmdmn ª̀V emgH$s` ̀ moOZm qH$dm ZdrZ {dMma nmohmoMcocoZmhrV Ago EImXo Jmd {ZdS>co Va {dÚmÏ`mªMr J¡agmò hmoVo. _mÌ cmoH$gh^mJ Agoc Va Ho$coë`m H$m_mMm AmZ§X OmñV {_iVmo. Á`m JmdmV{dÚmÏ`mªMr CËH¥$ï> gmò hmoD$ eH$Vo VoWo OZOmJ¥VrMo H$m_ H$éZ EH$monm,gm_m{OH$ gcmoIm, gm_m{OH$ g_Vm B. {df`m§~m~VrV Mm§Jco H$m_ H$aVmòB©c.

2 {Z`moOZ ~¡R>H$ …

"XÎmH$ Jmd' g§H$ënZm 1969 nmgyZ gwé Pmcocr Amho. {e[~a hmAmË_m Amho. {e[~am§gmR>r {ZdS>coë`m JmdmVrc gan§M, Cngan§M, J«m_n§Mm`VgXñ`, VéU _§S>io, _{hcm _§S>io, _{hcm ~MV JQ>, J«m_ñW B. g_doVJ«m_g^m ¿`mdr. `m g ô_Ü ò {e[~a H$mcmdYrV Ho$ë`m OmUmè`m H$m_mMo{Z`moOZ H$amdo. l_XmZmÀ`m H$m_mV J«m_ñWm§Mm gh^mJ H$gm dmT>oc ̀ mMmà`ËZ H$amdm. ̀ m§Mm {e[~amgmR>r Jmd {ZdS>VmZm ñWm{ZH$ g„mJma g{_VrMr~¡R>H$ ¿`mdr. {e[~amgmR>r {ZdS> Ho$coë`m Jmdm_Ü ò àË`j nmhUrgmR>r ̂ oQ>¿`mdr. {e[~amgmR>r {ZdS> H$amd`mÀ`m JmdmV df©̂ a H$m ©̀H«$_ ¿`mdoV. Ë`mJmdmMr {dÚmÏ`mªZm _m{hVr hmoB©c, eŠ` Agë`mg Jmdm_Ü ò ñd §̀godH$mMoEH$ {Xdgr` {e[~a ¿`mdo. Ë`mVyZ J«m_ñW d _hm{dÚmc` ̀ m§À`mV F$UmZw~§Y{Z_m©U hmoVrc Ë`mMm \$m`Xm {deof {e[~a H$mcmdYrV ZŠH$s hmoVmo.


12

3 {Zdmg ì`dñWm …

{e[~a H$mcmdYrV _wcm§-_wctgmR>r {Zdmg ì`dñWm H$aÊ`mgmR>rgan§Mmer g§nH©$ gmYyZ emim, _§{Xa, [aH$må`m Imoë`m, g_mO _§{Xa `m{R>H$mUr ì`dñWm H$amdr. eŠ` Agoc Va V§~yMr ì`dñWm H$amdr. {Zdmgì`dñWoÀ`m {R>H$mUr cmB©Q>, nmUr ì`dñWm H$éZ ¿`mdr. n`m©̀ r ì`dñWmåhUyZ J°g~ÎmrMr gmò Agmdr. JmdmV em¡Mmc ò ZgVrc Va VmËnwaVrem¡Mmc` C^maUr H$amdr. Am§KmoirgmR>r VmËnwaVr ~mWé_Mr ì`dñWm H$amdr.AmnU _c_yÌ {dgO©ZmMr Amamo½`H$maH$ nÜXVrZo ì`dñWm cmdUo Amdí`H$Amho. ̀ m gd© àíZmda {dMma H$am`cm hdm ZmhrVa cmoH$m gm§Jo ~«÷kmZ,.....!'Ago JmdH$ar AmnUmcm åhUVrc. AmnU hmJUXmar _wŠVrgmR>r H$m_ H$arVAgë`mZo hr ~m~ {deofËdmZo Ü`mZmV KoUo Amdí`H$ Amho.

4 {H$amUm gm{hË` …

JmdmV XwH$mZ Zgoc Va gd© gm{hË` ~amo~a AgUo Amdí`H$ Amho.{H$amUm gm{hË`mMr nyU© ̀ mXr V`ma H$éZ gm{hË` IaoXr H$amdo. ̂ mOrnmcm`mXr H$éZ Ë`mà_mUo gm{hË` ¿`mdo.

5 {e[~a nyd© ñd §̀godH$m§Mr ~¡R>H$ …

{e{~amVrc H$m ©̀H«$_mda MMm© H$amdr. H$m_m§Mr ñd §̀godH$m§Ü ò {d^mJUrH$amdr. H$m_mgmR>r doJdoJio JQ> V`ma H$amdoV. `m JQ>m§_Ü ò g_Ýd` AgUoAmdí`H$ Amho. {e[~amnydu JQ> V`ma H$amdoV. ̀ eñdr {e[~amgmR>r {Z`_ gdmªZrMMm© H$éZ {Z`_ ~ZdUo d Ë`mMr A§c~OmdUr H$aUo. {e[~amnydu ~¡R>H$ KoD$ZË`m_Ü ò {Z`_ V`ma H$aUo. {Z`_ ~Z{dÊ`mgmR>r doi XoD$Z MMm© H$amdr d gdmªZr{_iyZ {Z`_ ~ZdmdoV. d hr {Z`_mdcr H$m H$aVmo? (ground rules) ̀ m{df`rMMm© H$amdr. gd© g§_ÎmrZo {Z`_ nyU© H$amdoV. doioda H$m̀ ©H«$_ KoVë m̀g {e[~a`eñdr hmoVo, Ë m̀_wio doioMo ~§YZ nmim. JmdmVrc gd© JmoîQ>tMr ñd §̀godH$m§g _m{hVrÚm. {Z`_m§Mm VŠVm V m̀a H$amdm d Vmo gdmªZm {Xgoc Aem {R>H$mUr cmdmdm.


13

6 {e[~amgmR>r cmJUmao gm{hË` …

{e[~amnydu Jmd gd}jU àíZmdcr V`ma H$aUo. ~°Za, ÜdO B. gd©gm{hË` ~amo~a ¿`mdo. 2 Vo 3 Q>m°M©, Mm{OªJ ~°Q>ar, ñd §̀nmH$mMr ^m§S>r,{gqbS>a, eoJS>r, {nÊ`mÀ`m nmÊ`mMr ̂ m§S>r, gVa§Or, H$mJXnÌm§gmR>r Hw$cynAgcocr noQ>r qH$dm gwQ>Ho$g, Q>o~c, IwÀ`m©, ~mXë`m, _J, Xmoar, {Q>H$md,\$mdS>r, K_ocr, Iwanr, Hw$Xi, gwB©-Xmoam, gwVir, àW_monMma noQ>r (Am¡fYo),OwZr dV©_mZnÌo, {H$amUm _mcmMr ̀ mXr V`ma H$aUo, ̂ mOrnmcm ̀ mXr V`maH$aUo, VgoM IoimMo gm{hË` ~amo~a KoUo.

7 nmcH$m§Mo g§_VrnÌH$ ̂ éZ ¿`mdo. gmo~V g§_VrnÌH$ Z_wZm OmoS>cm Amho.

{e[~a H$mcmdYrVrc ì`m»`mZo hr {e[~a H$mcmdYrVrc C{Ôï>m§ZmAZwgéZ AgmdrV. ì`m»`m§Zmnojm JQ>MMm©, nWZmQ>ç gmXarH$aU AemCnH«$_m§da ^a Úmdm. gËH$ma g_ma§̂ Q>mimdoV.

{e[~a H$mimV ñd §̀godH$m§Mr ¿`md`mMr H$miOr …

{e[~amV gh^mJr Pmcoë`m ñd §̀godH$m§Mr H$miOr KoUo AË §̀V JaOoMoAmho. H$maU gmV {Xdgm§gmR>r ho ñd §̀godH$ Amnë`mgmo~V amhUma AgVmVd Ë`mMn«mUo `m {e[~amXaå`mZ hmoUmè`m doJdoJù`m H$m ©̀H«$_mV gh^mJrhmoUma AgVmV, Ë`m_wio ñd §̀godH$m§Mr emar[aH$ d _mZ{gH$ ñdmñW, Amamo½`dV©Z, gh^mJ, gd© gm_m{dH$ H$m ©̀ercVm, ghH$m ©̀, g§K ̂ mdZm, O~m~XmarMrOmUrd, {e[~amWu d J«m_ñWm§Mm Vmi_oi `mMm ~maH$mB©Zo Aä`mg dË`mM~amo~a XjnUo nmhUr, nS>VmiUr H$aUo ho _hÎdmMo H$m_ H$m ©̀H«$_A{YH$mè`m§Mo AgVo. {Zdmgr {e[~am_Ü ò g_m{dï> Pmcocr {dÚmWu-{dÚm{W©Zr`m§Mr gd©Vmonar H$miOr KoUo AË §̀V JaOoMo AgVo. {e[~amMo `e ho `mñd §̀godH$m§Mr H$m ©̀j_Vm, ghH$m ©̀, VS>OmoS> d Ë`mM~amo~a J«m_ñWm§Mo d_hm{dÚmc`rZ àmMm ©̀, ghH$mar, àmÜ`mnH$ d BVa H$_©Mmar dJ© `m§À`mdag§nyU©nUo Adc§~yZ AgVo. {e[~amV _wco d _wcr Agë`m_wio XmoKm§Mr H$miOr


14

KoV AgVmZm _wcm§_Ü ò JQ> VQ> nS>Uma ZmhrV ̀ mMr H$miOr ¿`mdr. H$moUrhrOdiMm qH$dm XyaMm hmoUma Zmhr ho nmhUo AË §̀V _hÎdmMo Amho. H$m ©̀H«$_A{YH$mar åhUOo nmcH$mÀ`m ŷ{_Ho$VyZ gdmªMr H$miOr KoUo JaOoMo dOéarMo Amho. gdmªÀ`m ~amo~arZo {Z…njnmVrnUo dV©Z R>oD$Z {e[~a H$mcmdYrVì`dñWmnZ nma nmS>Uo JaOoMo AgVo. {e[~am_Ü ò gwgyÌo d {dÚmÏ`mªÀ`memar[aH$ j_Vm§Mm {dMma H$éZ {Z`moOZ~ÜX H$m`©^ma Agmdm `m_Ü`o{dÚmÏ`mªMo ì`pŠV_Îd {dH$mgmÀ`m d ZoV¥ËdJwU g§nÞ hmoÊ`mÀ`m ÑîQ>rZo{dMma ìhmdm d Ë`mMm Adc§~ H$amdm. {e[~a nyd© V`marV {Zdmgì`dñWmnmhUr H$aUo Amdí`H$ Amho d Á`mdoir àË`j {e[~amcm gwédmV hmoVoåhUOo {e[~a Á`m {Xder JmdmV OmVo Ë`m {Xder {Zdmg ì`dñWm damhÊ`mÀ`m _wcm§Mr g§»`m åhUOo Mma Imoë`m qH$dm _moR>m hm°c qH$dmemioÀ`m Imoë`m AgVrc Va ImocrMo AmH$ma_mZmà_mUo _wcm§Mo {d^mOZH$amdo d ho {d^mOZ {e[~a H$mimV ~Xcy Z ò åhUOo Imocr H«$_m§H$ EH$_Ü ò 20 _wco Ë`m§À`m ZmdmMr `mXr d Ë`m§À`m_YyZ EH$ JQ>à_wI R>admdm.AemàH$mao {d^mOZ Ho$ë`mg H$moUË`m Imocr_Ü ò H$moUVr _wco/_wcr AmhoVd H$moUË`mhr àŸg§Jr ì`pŠVJV ZmdmZwgma Amnë`mcm _wco cjmV òVmV.ImocrZwén _wcm§À`m ZmdmMr `mXr ImocrÀ`m Xmamda d Amnë`m \$mB©ccmAgmdr. _wcm§gmR>r PmonVmZm hOoar KoD$Z gVV nS>VmiUr H$aUo JaOoMoAgVo. Imocr_Ü ò AgUmè`m nyduÀ`m emioÀ`m dñVy ì`dpñWV R>oD$Z Amncogm{hË`, gm_mZ R>odÊ`mMr gyMZm XoUo JaOoMo AgVo. ImocrMr Xmao, {IS>Š`md BVa PamoHo$ dJ¡ao gwajoÀ`m Ñï>rZo nmhUo d _wcm§Zm gm§JUo Amdí`H$ Amho.amÌr AmVrc H$S>r cmJVo H$m Zmhr, Zgoc Va XwéñVr H$aUo JaOoMo AmhoH$maU gwajoÀ`m ÑîQ>rZo _hÎdmMo Amho. {dOoMm ~ë~, n§Im Agë`mMo nmhmd dmnam~ÔcÀ`m `mo½` gyMZm Úmì`mV. {Zdmg ñWmZmnmgyZ Am§KmoirMr dg§S>mgMr ì`dñWm H$er d H$moR>o Amho ho VnmgyZ Vo cmB©Q>-nmÊ`mMr ì`dñWmnmhUo, amÌrÀ`m doir H$moUVm YmoH$m Zgë`mMo VnmgyZ nmhUo. amÌrÀ`m doirEH$Q>çmZo Z OmVm {_Ìmgmo~V qH$dm gm§JyZ OmUo JaOoMo AgVo. ImocrV


15

PmonÊ`mnydu hOoar KoD$Z gd©OU Agë`mMr ImÌr H$éZM Xmao ~§X H$éZ¿`md`mMr gyMZm XoUo.

{e[~aH$mimVrc doe ŷfm …

{e[~amÀ`m doir ñd`§godH$m§Mr {ZdS> d Ë`mZ§Va ~¡R>H$sV{e[~aH$mimVrc doe ŷfo~Ôc g{dñVa g§mJUo JaOoMo d _hÎdmMo Amho.J«m_rU ̂ mJmVrc amhUr_mZ, Ë`m§Mm nohamd, doe ŷfm ̀ m JmoîQ>r cjmV KoD$Zñd §̀godH$m§Zm ̀ moJmgZo, ì`m`m_mgmR>r Q́>°H$gyQ> d gmYr doe ŷfm Agmdr. hm\$n°ÝQ>, \°$eZo~c H$nS>o, ~{Z`Zda ~mhoa ò-Om H$aUo Q>mimd`mg gm§JUoH$maU Jmdm_Ü ò _wcr, _{hcm d BVa d¥Õ cmoH$ gVV {e[~añWimnmgyZ ̀ o-Om H$aV AgVmV Ë`m_wio Aer doe ŷfm Q>mimdr. doe ŷfm/H$nS>o ho l_XmZH$m ©̀H«$_mgmR>r d BVa g§Ü`mH$mimV {e[~a \o$ar d J«m_ñWm§~amo~a ~mVMrVAem doir emô Umar AgmdrV. W§S>r H$imV Oa {e[~a Agoc Va W§S>rnmgyZ~Mmd H$aUmao H$nS>o, ñdoQ>a, H$mZQ>monr, hmV-nm`_moOo VgoM Ja_ nm§KéU`m§Mm g_mdoe Agmdm. VgoM gH$mir ̀ moJmgZo, ì`m`m_mgmR>r Q´>°H$gyQ>, Ja_H$nS>o, l_XmZmgmR>r gwVr gwQ>gwQ>rV H$nS>o, ~m¡{ÕH$ H$m`©H«$_mgmR>r n°ÝQ>eQ>©,n§Om~r S´>>og (_wctgmR>r) Aer X¡Z§{XZ doe ŷfm Agmdr. Amncr doe ŷfm hrJmdmVrc cmoH$m§er OwidyZ KoUmar Agmdr.

ñd §̀godH$m§Mm gh^mJ …

amï´>r` godm ̀ moOZm A§VJ©V g_m{dï> hmoUmè`m ñd §̀godH$m§Zm {Z`{_VH$m ©̀H«$_m§VJ©V 120 Vmg d gmV {Xdg {Zdmgr {e[~a ho A{Zdm ©̀ AgVo.`m_Ü ò Oo ñd §̀godH$ {Z`{_V H$m ©̀̂ ma nyU© H$aV AmhoV Ë`m§ZmM gh^mJrhmoVm òVo. EHy$U g§» òÀ`m 50% g§» ò BVHo$ ñd §̀godH$ `m {e[~amVgh^mJr hmoD$ eH$VmV. ̀ m gd© H$m ©̀H«$_mgmR>r ̀ wdH$m§Mm gh^mJ \$ma _hÎdmMmAmho. ^maVm_Ü`o 54% nojm OmñV cmoH$g§»`m `wdH$ dJmªMr Amho.^{dî`H$mimV hoM ẁdH$ {d{dY joÌmV ^maVmMo à{V{Z{YËd H$aVrc d Vo


16

H$arV AgVmZm Ë`m§Zm gm_m[OH$ ñVamdarc JmoîQ>tMr _m{hVr AgUo AË §̀VAmdí`H$ Amho. Ë`m§Zm àË`j gh^mJr H$éZ KoD$Z `m gd© gm_m{OH$g_ñ`m, JaO, n[apñWVr `m Jmoï>tZm cmJUmar àË`j H¥${Verc _m{hVr hr`m {e[~am_YyZ {_iVo. {e[~am_Ü ò gd©gmYmaU AmamIS>çmV `moJmgZo,l_XmZ, ~m¡pÜXH$, Jßnmï>Ho$, Ioi, gdo©jU, JQ>MMm©, gm§ñH¥${VH$ H$m`©H«$_,JmdJßnm ̀ m gJù`m Jmoï>tMm A§V^m©d AgUo JaOoMo AgVo. ̀ m H$m ©̀H«$_m§~amo~aOc ñdÀN>Vm, ñdmñW, {ZgJ©, g§ñH¥$Vr, {ejU ̀ m JmoîQ>tMr gm§JS> KmcVmòB©c. l_XmZmÀ`m A§VJ©V gm§S>nmÊ`mgmR>r emofIÈ>o g§S>mgmgmR>r IÈ>o,PmS>o

cmdÊ`mgmR>r IÈ>o ImoXUo VgoM Oc_¥Xm g§dY©ZmgmR>r N>moQ>o N>moQ>o ~§Ymao~m§YUo, gcJg_nmVir Ma IUUo, ñdÀN>Vm H$aUo ̀ m_wio ñdmñWmMmhr n«íZgmoS>dUo, nma§n[aH$ g§ñH¥$VrMo OVZ H$aUo, JmdmMm B{Vhmg {c[hUo Ë`mM~amo~aAmOÀ`m {nT>rcm H$mim~amo~a MmcÊ`mg cmdUo, AmYw{ZH$ {ejUmMm cm^[_idyZ XoUo. Anma§n[aH$ D$Om©òmoV, ̀ m gd© JmoîQ>tMo gm_m{OH$ OZOmJ¥Vr d`mgmR>r cmJUmar _mZ{gH$Vm {e[~a H$mcmdYr V`ma H$aUo AË §̀V JaOoMoAmho. ~m¡{ÕH$ gÌ, JQ>MMm©, {edma \o$ar, hiXr-Hw§$Hy$, ~MVJQ>MMm© ̀ m_wioñd §̀godH$ d J«m_ñWm§~amo~a _Z_moH$ir MMm© , g_ñ`m§da MMm© d Ë`m_mÜ`_mVyZ OmJ¥Vr, g§dmX d g§̂ mfU hmoB©c `m gd© JmoîQ>t_wio {d{dY{df`m§da à~moYZ H$aVm ̀ oB©c. Ioi, g§mñH¥${VH$ H$m ©̀H«$_, nWZmQ>ç, à^mV\o$ar ̀ mìXmao AZoH$ {df` n[aUm_H$maH${aË`m g_OmdyZ gm§JVm ̀ oB©c ̀ m_wioOoUoH$éZ JmdH$è`m§Zm Oc-ñdÀN>Vm, ñdmñW, n`m©daU, AmOma, A{Zï>éT>r ̀ m g§X^m©Mr _hÎdmMr _m{hVr J«m_ñWm§Zm {_ioc d Ë`m§Mm ̀ m H$m ©̀H«$_mVgh^mJ dmT>oc. ho gd© H$arV AgVm§Zm nwT>rc JmoîQ>tMr H$miOr ¿`mdr.

1 amï´>r` godm `moOZm _hm{dÚmc` d {e[~a Am`moOZm§À`m hoVy§Mr_m{hVr H$éZ XoUo.

2 {d{dY H$m ©̀H«$_m§Mr g{dñVa _m{hVr XoUo.


17

3 Oc-ñdÀN>Vm, ñdmñW, n`m©daU, g§ñH¥$Vr, B{Vhmg, O¡d {d{dYVm,{d{dY Anma§n[aH$ D$Om© òmoV `m _m{hVrMm àgma H$aUo.

4 `m gd© H$m ©̀H«$_mV cmoH$m§Mm gh^mJ dmT>dUo.

5 g\$c, ̀ emoJmWm§Mr, {Z_©cJ«m_ nwañH¥$V Jmdm§Mr CXmhaUo XoD$Z Ë`m§MoAmcoIZ H$aUo.

6 JaOoZwgma OmJéH$Vm _m{hVràgma gm_J«r ~Z{dUo d {dV[aV H$aUo.

7 gmÜ`m, gmoß`m Cnm` `moOZm, nÜXVtMm àgma H$aUo.

8 gdmªZm gm_mdyZ KoD$Z d {d{dY A{^`mZmÀ`m _mÜ`_mVyZ C{Ôï>ocmoH$m§n ª̀V nmohmoMdUo.

9 emgH$s` ̀ moOZm§Mm Adc§~ H$éZ JmdMr àJVr gmYÊ`mg _mJ©Xe©ZH$aUo.

10 {e[~am§VJ©V Pmcoë`m H$m_mMm {e[~amZ§Vahr AmT>mdm KoD$Z Vo nyU©H$aÊ`mg _XV H$aUo.

èñdr {e[~amgmR>r _yc ŷV Jmoï>r …

{e[~a èñdr hmoÊ`mgmR>r d {Z`mo{OV H$m ©̀H«$_ gwì`dpñWV nmanmS>Ê`mgmR>r H$mhr _yc ŷV d _hÎdmMr Jmoï>r Imcrcà_mUo AmhoV.

1 {e[~amV gh^mJr hmoUmao ñd §̀godH$ d H$m ©̀H«$_ A{YH$mar, godH$dJ©`m§Mm g_Ýd` AgUo JaOoMo Amho.

2 {e[~amWu d J«m_ñWm§_Ü ò gwg§dmX hmoUo Amdí`H$ Amho.

3 gh^mJr ñd`§godH$m§Üò ghH$m`m©Mr ^mdZm, {IcmSy> d¥Îmr,_Z{_imD$nUm, VS>OmoS>rgmR>r V`ma AgUo Amdí`H$ Amho.


18

4 {ejH$ d ñd §̀godH$ `m§Mm VmaVå` d g§dmX VgoM {eñV AgUoJaOoMo Amho.

5 ñd §̀godH$m§Ü ò gm_m{OH$ OmUrd AgUo JaOoMo Amho.

6 J«m_rU ^mJmVrc gU, na§nam, nÕVr, ar{V[admO VoWrc g§ñH¥$Vr`mMr AdhcoZm H$é Z ò.

7 VoWrc ^mJm§Mr, Xodim§Mr Eo{Vhm{gH$ _m{hVr hr JQ>MMm© H$éZ_m{hV H$éZ ¿`mdo.

8 JmdmMm gm_m{OH$ d Am{W©H$ gwì`dñWm§Mo gd}jU H$amdo.

9 {e[~a H$mcmdYrVrc _hm{dÚmc`, Jmd {e[~amWu ̀ m§À`m_Ü ò gVVg§nH©$ Agmdm.

10 {e[~am_Ü ò dmVmdaU AmZ§{XV, CËgmhr d _Z_moH$io Agmdo.

11 Mm§Jë`m d dmB©Q> Jmoï>tMr gVV Zm|X R>odÊ`mV `mdr.

12 J«m_ñWm§Zm {e[~amV gh^mJr H$éZ ¿`mdo.

13 {e[~amV {eñV AgUo AË`§V Amdí`H$ Amho.

14 {e[~amV {dÚmÏ`mªÜ ò JQ>VQ> nS>Vm H$m_m Z ò VgoM ^m§S>U-V§Q>m,dmX-{ddmX Q>mimdoV.

15 {e[~amV OodU, {Zdmg ì`dñWm H$m ©̀H«$_, {eñV ̀ m§Mr gVV nmhUrd nS>VmiUr VgoM gyú_ {ZarjU H$aUo JaOoMo Amho.

16 {e[~a ñWi gmoS>Ê`mg {ejH$ qH$dm ñd §̀godH$ `m§Zm nadmZJr XoD$Z ò.

17 {e[~am_Ü ò H$moUË`mhr àH$maMr AS>MU, JaO ^mgë`mg ghH$mar{ejH$, àmMm ©̀ `m§À`m gëë`mZo _mJ© H$mT>mdoV.


19

18 ñd §̀godH$m§Mr O~m~Xmar d Ë`m§Mr gmò `mH$S>o gVV ~maH$mB©Zo cjRo>dmdo

19 {e[~amV _wct~amo~a àmÜ`m{nH$m AgUo AË`mdí`H$ Amho d Ë`m§Zr_wctMr H$miOr ¿`mdr.

20 gan§M, Cngan§M, J«m_godH$, ẁdm H$m ©̀H$V}, _{hcm, emcò _wco`m§Mm gh^mJ dmT>dmdm.


20

{e[~amVrc {Z`_

("ho H$am' - H$m ©̀H«$_ A{YH$mè`m§gmR>r)

1 gh^mJr ñd §̀godH$m§Mr g§»`m _wco d _wcr hm AmH$S>m {ZpíMV H$am.

2 XaamoO amÌr PmonÊ`mnydu ñd §̀godH$m§Mr CnpñWVr/ hOoar ¿`mdr.

3 {e[~amV {dÚmÏ`mªZm g§nyU© gmV {Xdg amhÊ`mg gm§JUo d ò-OmH$aÊ`mg nadmZJr XoD$ Z ò.

4 H$moUË`mhr n[apñWVrV {e[~amV òUmè`m {dÚmÏ`mªH$S>o g§_ÎmrnÌH$,nmcH$m§Mo g§_ÎmrnÌ Adí` ^éZ ¿`mdo.

5 Amdí`H$ Vo \$moZ Z§~a d Zmdo R>iH$ AjamV KoD$Z à_wI {R>H$mUrcmdmdrV.

6 AmOmar {dÚmÏ`mªda Ëd[aV Cnm` `moOZm H$amdr. Oa Iyn Ìmg hmoVAgë`mg Kar nmR>dyZ XoUo.

7 Ìmg XoUmao, X§Jm H$aUmao ñd §̀godH$ AmoiIyZ Ë`m§Zm g_O Úmdr.

8 gd© ñd §̀godH$m§Zm EH$ g_mZ XOm© Úmdm.

9 {eñVrMo d doioMo nmcZ H$amdo.

10 H$m ©̀H«$_mMo {Z`moOZ doioV H$amdo.

11 nyd© {Z`mo{OV H$m`©H«$_M ¿`mdoV.

12 nmcH$, à_wI A{VWr `m§Mo A{^àm` ¿`mdoV.

13 {e[~amV cmoH$JrV, Xoe^ŠVr JrV, nma§n[aH$ JrV, Z¥Ë` ̀ m§Mm g_mdoeH$amdm.

14 gm§ñH¥${VH$ H$m`©H«$_mV g_mO{df`H$, n`m©daU {df`H$, nma§n[aH$Xoe^ŠVrna Aem H$m ©̀H«$_m§Mm g_mdoe H$amdm.


21

15 gm§ñH¥${VH$ H$m ©̀H«$_m§_wio H$moUmÀ`mhr ̂ mdZm§Mm An_mZ hmoUma Zmhr`mMr XjVm ¿`mdr.

16 ì`pŠV_Îd {dH$mg, ZoV¥ÎdJwU, {d{dY H$cmJwUm§À`m _mÜ`_mVyZñd §̀godH$m§Zm àmoËgmhZ Úmdo.

17 gd© ñd §̀godH$m§Zm Ahdmc, S>m`ar A{Zdm ©̀ H$amdr.

18 H$moUVmhr {ZU©̀ KoVmZm àg§JmdYmZ d ñd §̀godH$m§À`m {hVmMm {ZU©̀¿`mdm.

{e[~am_Ü ò ñd §̀godH$m§Mo dV©Z H$go Agmdo ?

1 {e[~am_Ü ò ñd §̀godH$ gd© {dÚmÏ`mª~amo~a EH$én Pmcm nm{hOo.

2 {e[~am_Ü`o H$m`©H«$_ A{YH$mar Oo H$mhr gyMZm H$aVrc Ë`mMoH$mQ>oH$moanUo nmcZ Ho$co nm{hOo.

3 {e[~am_Ü ò ñd §̀godH$ {e[~amVrc BVa ñd §̀godH$m§er ^mS>U V§Q>mH$é Z ò, OoUoH$éZ dmX hmoVrc Ago dV©Z H$é Z ò.

4 {e[~am_Ü ò _wcter dmJVmZm, ~mocVmZm Mm§Jco dV©Z Ho$co nm{hOoOoUoH$éZ Amnco dV©Z JmdH$è`m§g_moa dmB©Q> R>ady> Z ò.

5 {e[~am_Ü ò ñd §̀godH$m§Zr gm§Joc Vo H$m_ H$aÊ`mMr V`ma XmIdcrnm{hOo.

6 JmdmVyZ ñd`§godH$ {\$aVmZm, dmdaVmZm H$moUË`mhr àH$maÀ`mJmdH$è`m§Zm dmB©Q> dmQ>oc Ago dV©Z H$é Z ò.

7 ñd §̀godH$m§Zr {e[~amV H$moUË`mhr àH$maMo ì`gZ H$é Z ò.

8 {e[~amVrc doimnÌH$mMm ñd §̀godH$m§Zr V§VmoV§V nmcZ Ho$co nm{hOo

9 {e[~amWu JmdmV JmdH$è`m§er g§dmX gmYVmZm {dMmanyd©H$ g§dmXgmYcm nm{hOo OoUoH$éZ g§dmXmdéZ dmX hmoD$ Z ò.


22

10 [e[~amV _wcter dmJVmZm EH$ Mm§Jcr dV©ZmË_H$ dmJUyH$ _wcm§MrAgcr nm{hOo.

11 {e[~amV ñd`§godH$mZo "_r ñd`§godH$ Amho' `mMo ^mZ R>oD$Zñd §̀godH$m§Mo dV©Z Agmdo.

12 {e[~amVrc àË òH$ ñd §̀godH$m§Zm _XV H$amdr.

13 JmdH$è`m§er CÕQ> dV©Z H$é Z ò

14 Oo C{ÔîQ> Amho Ë`m C{ÔîQ>m§Zm ~mYm òB©c Ago dV©Z H$é Z ò.

15 JmdmVrc ì`ŠVtZm H$moUË`mhr àH$mao Ìmg hmoB©c Ago ñd §̀godH$m§ZrdV©Z H$é Z ò.

16 JmdÀ`m g§ñH¥$Vrcm d d¡̂ dmcm ~mYm òB©c Ago dV©Z H$é Z ò.

{e[~amMm Ahdmc H$gm Agmdm?

1 {e[~amVrc Ahdmc coIZ H$aV AgVmZm Or H$mhr {XZM`m© {e[~am_Ü òhmoVo Ë`mMm boI H$amdm.

2 {e[~amVrc Ahdmc hm {dñV¥V ñdénmMm Agmdm.

3 Ahdmcm_Ü ò R>iH$ Jmoï>tMm CëboI Agmdm.

4 AhdmcmV Pmcoë`m H$m_m§Mm AmT>mdm Agmdm.

5 Ahdmcm_Ü ò Pmcoë`m H$m_mMo _yë`_mnZ Agmdo.

6 Ahdmcm_Ü ò ~m¡[ÕH$ H$m ©̀H«$_m§Mm C„oI Agmdm.

7 Ahdmcm_Ü ò Pmcoë`m H$m_mMo _yë`_mnZ Agmdo.

8 AhdmcmV Á`m§Mo Á`m§Mo ghH$m ©̀ cm^co Amho Ogo gm_m{OH$ g§ñWm,ñd §̀godr g§ñWm, g§KQ>Zm, à{Vð>mZ, ì`ŠVr, _{hcm ~MV JQ>, aŠVnoT>çm`m§Mm C„oI Oéa Agmdm.

9 Ahdmc A{Va§OH$ Agy Z ò


23

10 coI gmXa H$aVmZm H$ocoë`m H$m_mMm g§{já Ahdmchr gmXa H$amdm.

11 g{já Ahdmcm_Ü ò eŠ`Vmo Zmdo Q>mimdrV.

{e[~amVrc \$moQmo H$go {ZdSm>doV ?

1 eŠ`Vmo {S>OrQ>c H$°_oam gmo~V Agmdm.

2 {e[~amV H$ocoë`m H$m_mMo \$moQ>mo Agmdo. (Action Photograph)

3 \$moQ>mo _Ü ò ñd §̀godH$, J«m_ñW ̀ m§Mm gh^mJ Agcocoo \$moQ>mo AgmdoV

4 gËH$ma d CX²KmQ>Z g_ma§̂ m§Mo \$moQ>mo {dÚmnrR>mV Ahdmc gmXa H$aVmZmXoD$ Z`oV.

{e[~amVrc {Z`_…("ho H$am' - ñd §̀godH$m§gmR>r)

1 JmdmVë`m dmVmdaUmer g_ag ìhmdo.

2 JmdmVë`m cmoH$m§er {_iyZ-{_giZy dmJmdo.

3 JmdmÀ`m g§ñH¥¥ VrMr AmoiI H$éZ KodyZ {VMm AmXa H$am.

4 gdmªer g§doXZercVoZoo d _¡ÌrZo dmJmdo.

5 H$moUmcmhr àíZ {dMmaÊ`mAmYr Vw_À`m {e[~amMm CÔoe gm§Jm.

6 ~m¡[ÕH$ ì`m»`mZo H$miOr nyd©H$ EoH$m.

7 H$moUVrhr VÎdo BVam§Zm gm§JÊ`mAmYr ñdV…À`m AmMaUmV AmUm.

(A) d¡̀ pŠVH$ g\$mB© nmim,

(~) amhÊ`mMr d OodUmMr OmJm ñdÀN> amIm.

8 gd© CnH«$_m§_Ü ò g[H«$` gh^mJ ¿`m.

9 _m{hVr, {ejU àgma H$m ©̀H«$_mVrc H$moUË`mhr CnH«$_mÀ`m AmYrË`m§Mr OmJm, doi d Ano{jV cmoH$m§Mr _m{hVr H$éZ ¿`m.

10 J«m_rU ̂ mJmVrc gm{hË` Ogo CImUo, Zmd KoUo, OmË m̀darc JmUr, eoVmVrcJmUr, ^OZ, H$sV©Z, àdMZ, àmW©Zm BË m̀Xr {chyZ g§H$cZ H$am.


24

11 emioV {ejUmMr JaO, ~mc{ddmh, Amamo½`, g§JUH$ à{ejU`m{df`r MMm© H$am.

{e[~amVrc {Z`_ …

("ho H$é ZH$m' - ñd §̀godH$m§gmR>r)

1 JmdH$è`m§er dmX Kmcy Z ò.

3 JmdH$è`m§Zm Ë`m§À`m MwH$m gm§Jy Z òV.

4 JmdmV Jm|Yi d Ym§JS>qYJm Kmcy Z ò.

5 JmdH$è`m§Zm {eH$dm`cm Amcm AmhmV Ago XmIdy ZH$m.

6 JmdmVrc q^Vr d BVa {R>H$mUo Iam~ H$é ZH$m.

7 J«m_ñWm§da Q>rH$m d $Q>mo_Uo _mé ZH$m.

8 MwH$sMr qH$dm AY©dQ> _m{hVr XoD$ ZH$m.

9 {W„a JmÊ`mÀ`m |̂S>çm d Ë`m JmÊ`m§da S>mÝg H$é ZH$m.

10 J«m_ñWm§Mm qH$dm BVa H$moUmMmhr An_mZ hmoB©c Ago dV©Z H$éZH$m.

11 KmU, Ho$a-H$Mam, AñdÀN>Vm H$é ZH$m.

12 amÌr C{eamn`ªV H$m`©H«$_ KoD$ ZH$m.

13 Ym{_©H$, gm_m{OH$, amOH$s` OmVrdmMH$ {df`m§da MMm© H$é ZH$m.

14 Jmdm§Vrc nma§n[aH$ ar{V[admO d nÕVt_Ü ò ~mYm AmUy ZH$m.

15 d¥Õ, _{hcm, _wcr `m§Zm An_mZOZH$ dmQ>Vrc Aem JmoîQ>r H$éZH$m.

16 ñWm{ZH$ hoì`mXmì`mV, _V ôXmV, ^m§S>Um§_Ü ò nSy> ZH$m.

17 VoWrc eoVmV, nag~mJoVrc \$io, \w$co dJ¡ao ̂ mOrnmcm nadmZJr{edm`VmoSy> ZH$m.


25

18 JmdmVrc AmnÎmrJ«ñV {R>H$mUo d ^rVrXm`H$ OmJm åhUOoM ZXr,{d[har, S>m|Ja, Xè`m dJ¡ao {R>H$mUr OmD$ Z`o.

19 {d[ha qH$dm ZXrV Am§KmoirgmR>r OmD$ Z ò.

20 emgH$s` qH$dm BVa `moOZoMm AZwXmZm~m~V ImoQ>r AmídmgZo XodyZ ò.

AmXë`m {Xder gm §̀. 4 dmOon ª̀V {e[~añWir nmohmoMmdo.

{e[~añWir nmohmoMë`mZ§Va H$amd`mMr V`mar.

1 {ZdmgmMr ì`dñWm Agcocoo {R>H$mU ñdÀN> H$aUo.

2 {Zdmg ì`dñWoÀ`m ñWir àH$meì`dñWm (cmBQ©>) d gwa{jVVm nmhmdr.

3 {Zdmg ì`dñWm H$aVmZm ImocrÀ`m AmH$mamZwgma {dÚmÏ`mªMr g§»`mR>admdr.

4 {ZdmgñWir {nÊ`mÀ`m nmÊ`mMr ì`dñWm H$amdr.

5 Q>m°̀ boQ> d ~mWé_Mr ì`dñWm H$miOrnydH©$ MmJ§ë`m nÜXVrMr H$amdr.eŠ` Zgë`mg nmoË`mÀ`m H$mnS>m§Mr VmËnwaVr Q>m°̀ cQo >Ma ImoXyZ V`maH$amdrV. ~mWé_ nmoË`mÀ`m H$mnS>m§Mr V`ma H$aVm òVrc. _wctÀ`m~mWé_Mr d Q>m°̀ coQ >Mr ì`dñWm ñWm{ZH$ cmoH$m§À`m _XVrZo Mm§Jë`mnÜXVrZo H$aVm `oD $ eH$Vo. Ë`m~m~VrV {deof H$miOr ¿`mdr.

6 {e[~añWir ì`m»`mZmÀ`m {R>H$mUmMr, ì`m`m_mÀ`m {R>H$mUmMrì`dñWm H$aUo d ñdÀN>Vm H$aUo.

7 ÜdOd§XZmMr OmJm R>a{dUo d V`mar H$aUo.

8 {e[~añWimda H$_r IMm©Vrc gOmdQ> H$amdr.

9 _mB©H$ ì`dñWm Mm§Jë`m nÕVrZo V`ma H$amdr d gd© gyMZm Ë`mdéZMÚmì`mV.

10 OodUmMr ì`dñWm H$amdr d Vr doioV Agmdr åhUOo n{hë`m


26

{XdgmnmgyZ doioMo {Z`moOZ nmico OmB©c.

11 OodUmMr ì`dñWm nmhUmè`m JQ>mcm gyMZm XoD$Z OodUmgmR>r {e[~aZgyZ {e[~amgmR>r OodU Amho ho nQ>dyZ XoD$Z doioMo _hÎd g_OmdyZXoUo.

12 OodUmZ§Va [_Qr>§J ¿`mdr.

13 {dÚmÏ`mªMo JQ> V`ma H$amdoV.


27

{e[~amMo {Z`moOZ

{e[~amÀ`m gwê$dmVrMm nyU© EH$ {Xdg {e[~a gwé H$aÊ`mÀ`m AJmoXaÀ`mEH$ {Xdg AmnU g§Ü`mH$mir 4 dmOon ª̀V XÎmH$ Jmdr gd© {dÚmWu dV`margh nmohmoMmdo. {e[~añWir AmnU gd© {Z`moOZ H$amdoo. {dÚmÏ`mªMoJQ> V`ma H$amdoV. 7 {XdgmMo g§nyU© {Z`moOZ g_OmdyZ gm§Jmdo. Ë`m§À`mH$S>oO~m~Xmè`m {d^mJyZ XoUo. Ë`m§À`mda g§nyU© {dídmg XmIdmdm d AmnU_mJ©Xe©H$$ d XjVm à_wI åhUyZ H$m_ nmhmdo. {e[~a {dÚmÏ`mªMoo Amho hoË`m§Zm nQ>dmdo d Ë`mà_mUo Ë`m§À`m O~m~Xmè`m§Mo ̂ mZ Ë`m§Zm Úmdo. {Z`moOZeŠ`Vmo {dÚmÏ`mªZm XmIdmdo.

1 O~m~Xmè`m§Mo ̂ mZ ̀ oÊ`mgmR>r d JQ>mMr {d^mJUr H$aÊ`mnydu Ë`m§ZmVwåhr ho {e[~a ̀ eñdr hmoÊ`mgmR>r Amnë`mcm H$m` H$aVm ̀ oB©c? ho{dMmamdo. {e[~a `eñdr hmoÊ`mgmR>r H$moU-H$moUVo {Z`_ H$am`cmhdoV? Ago àíZ {dMmaë`mZ§Va {dÚmWu EH$ EH$ {Z`_ gm§Jm`cmgwê$dmV H$aVmV. CXm. A) {e[~amV {eñV Agmdr. ~) {e[~amVrcgd© JmoîQ>r doioda ìhmì`mV. H$) gH$mir cdH$a CR>mdo. S>) àË òH$mZodoi nmimdr. B) {Xcoë`m O~m~Xmè`m àË òH$mZo ì`dpñWV nmanmS>Uo. B. _wÔo {dÚmWuM gwM{dVmV. ̀ m gd© gyMZm EH$m {dÚmÏ`m©Zo{chyZ ¿`mì`mV ̀ m ì`{V[aŠV H$mhr gyMZm AmnUm§g dmQ>V AgVrcVa Ë`m AmnU gwMdmì`mV Am{U Ë`mhr {chyZ H$mT>mì`mV. gd©gyMZm nwÝhm dmMyZ XmIdmì`mV Am{U ̀ m gyMZm§Moo nmcZ Z Pmë`mgH$m` {ejm qH$dm ~jrg Agmdo? Ago {dÚmÏ`mªZmM {dMmamdo. Vogd© _moR>çm H$mJXmda {chyZ {e{~añWir Xe©Zr ^mJmV cmdmdoo.

2 `m{edm` {dÚmÏ`mªZm n{hë`m {Xder Ë`m§Mr AmoiI H$éZ Úm`cmgm§Jmdo d Ë`m§Mo OrdZmVrc Ü ò̀ gm§Jmd`mg gm§JUo. {e[~am_Ü ò H$mgh^mJr Pmcm? ̀ mMo H$maUhr {dMmamdo. àË òH$mcm WmoS>Š`mV n[aM`Úm`cm gm§JUo.


28

3 eoOmar eoOmar ~gcoë`m XmoZ _wcm§Mm JQ> V`ma H$amdm Am{U Amnë`meoOmar ~gcoë`m ì`ŠVrMm n[aM` H$éZ Úmd`mg gm§JUo. `m_wioXmoKmMm g§dmX hmoVmo d `mVyZ g§dmX H$m¡eë ò dmT>Ê`mg _XV hmoVo.Ë`mMà_mUo BVam§~Ôc Mm§Jco ~mocÊ`mMr gd` cmJVo. VgoM gdmªnwToo~mocÊ`mMo YmS>ghr hmoVo d g§Yrhr {_iVo. XmoKm§Zm EH$_oH$m§Mr AmoiIH$éZ KoÊ`mgmR>r 10 {_{ZQ>o doi Úmdr. AmoiI H$éZ XoVmZm Zmd,Jmd, H$m` {eH$Vmo, nwT>o H$moU ìhmdogo dmQ>Vo, OrdZmMo Ü ò̀ H$m`Amho, {e[~am_Ü ò H$m gh^mJr Pmcm, B. àíZm§Mr CÎmao àË òH$mZoÚmdr VgoM àË òH$mH$S>o AgUmè`m {d{eï> JwUm§Mmhr C„oI H$amdm.B. CnH«$_m§_wio {e[~am_Ü ò M¡VÝ` {Z_m©U hmVo. {dÚmÏ`mªZm {e[~aAmncogoo dmQ>Vo.

^moOZ ì`dñWm …

{e[~a ̀ eñdr hmoÊ`mgmR>r Mm§Jcr ̂ moOZ ì`dñWm AgUo Amdí`H$AgVo. EImX§ c¾ Mm§Jco Pmco åhUOo OodU CÎm_ AgUo' ho hmò . {e[~amgmRr>OodU Amho. OodUmgmRr> {e[~a Zmhr.'' `m dmŠ`mcm {deof AW© Amho.{e[~am_Ü ò gh^mJr Pmcoë`m gd© {dÚmÏ`mªZm `mMr OmUrd H$éZ Úmdr.àË òH$mbm KaÀ`mgmaI§ OodU {_iocM Ago Zmhr, H$Xm{MV KamV AmnU OoImVmo Ë`mnojm A{YH$ Mm§Jco OodU {e[~am_Ü ò Agy eH$Vo. na§Vw àË òH$mcmAmdS>oc Ago ^moOZ AgUo H$odi AeŠ` AgVo. Ë`m_wio OmñVrV OmñVcmoH$m§Zm AmdS>oc qH$dm OmñVrV OmñV gH$g Amhma XoÊ`mMm à`ËZ H$aUoAmdí`H$ AgVo. àË òH$mÀ`m AmdS>r-{ZdS>r OmonmgUo AdKS> AgVo Ë`m_wioAmhmam_Ü ò àË òH$doir ~Xc qH$dm doJdoJionUm Agmdm. Amhmam~m~V{dÚmÏ`mªZm VS>OmoS qH$dm g_m`moOZ H$aÊ`mMr V`mar R>odmdr, Ago gm§Jmdo.


29

Amhmam~mVV H$mhr JmoîQt>Mr H$miOr ¿`mdr.

1 ^moOZmgmR>r dmnaco OmUmao AÞYmÝ`, H$S>YmÝ ò, S>mir d BVa nXmW©Mm§Jë`m àVrMo AgmdoV.

2 Iam~ Pmcoco AJa {H$S>coco AÞYmÝ` dmné Z òV.

3 gd© YmÝ` {ZdS>yZ ¿`mdo.

4 ^mOrnmcm ñdÀN> d VmOm Agmdm.

5 Voc Mm§Jë`m àVrMo Agmdo d eŠ`Vmo Amdí`H$ VodT>Mo dmnamdoOmñV Voc OodU ~Z{dVmZm dmné Z ò.

6 ^moOZ ~Z{dVmZm ñdÀN> ̂ mS>çm§Mm, ñdÀN> Mm§Jë`m nmÊ`mMm, ñdÀN>hmVm§Mm dmna H$amdm. ñd`nm§H$KamV ñdÀN>Vm Agmdr.

7 XaamoOÀ`m OodUmMm _oZy AJmoXaM {ZpíMV H$amdm. eŠ`Vmo gd©{Z`moOZ ^mÁ`m, MnmVr, ^mH$ar, cmoUMo, nmnS> B. ~m~VrV coIrñdénmV ~Zdmdo d Vo nmiÊ`mMm à`ËZ H$amdm.

8 {e[~a ñWir ̂ mOrnmcm CncãYVoMm {dMma {Z`moOZ H$aVmZm H$amdm.

9 gH$miÀ`m ZmîQ>çmnmgyZ g§Ü`mH$miÀ`m ^moOZmn ª̀V gd© {Z`moOZAgmdo.

10 ^moOZ ~Z{dVmZm {dÚmÏ`mªMm gh^mJ Agcm nm{hOo, OoUoH$éZ VoH$m_ H$aVmZmMm AmZ§X {dÚmWu-{dÚm{W©ZtZm KoVm òVmo.

11 XaamoOMr ̂ moOZ g{_Vr {\$aVr Agmdr åhUOo àË òH $JQ>mcm ̂ moOZH$aÊ`mMr g§Yr {_imdr.

12 ^moOZ H${_Q>rcm g§nyU© {e[~a H$mimV g§nyU© _XV H$aÊ`mg XmoZ{dÚmÏ`mªMr Zo_UyH H$ococr Agmdr. `m {dÚmÏ`mªÀ`m _XVrZo gd©gm{hË`mMr IaoXr H$amdr. `m XmoKm§Zm XaamoO {H$Vr gm{hË` cmJVo,{H$Vr gm{hË` dmnaco, {H$Vr gm{hË` H$_r nS>co ̀ mMr Zmo§X R>odÊ`mggm§JUo. AÞ {e„H$ amhV Agoc Va Vo H$_r dmnaÊ`mMr JaO Amho


30

ho `m {dÚmÏ`mªÀ`m cjmV òVo. H$mhr H$_r nS>ë`mg Ë`mMr Zmo§XKoD$Z Vo H$m ©̀H«$_ A{YH$mè`mÀ`m {ZXe©Zmg AmUyZ XoVmV Ë`m_wioAm`Ë`mdoir Ymdni H$amdr cmJV Zmhr.

13 darc H$m_o {dÚmÏ`mªer g§nH©$ gmYyZ ^moOZ JQ> ^moOZmMr ì`dñWmdoioV H$é eH$Vmo.

14 àË òH$mcm ^moOZmÀ`m doio[df`r nmcZ H$aÊ`mMo AmdmhZ H$amdo.

15 àË òH JQ>mà_mUo ^moOZ JQ>mMohr XaamoO H$m¡VwH H$amdo.

16 ZmîQ>m, Mhm, ̂ moOZ doioV hmoUo hr {e[~a ̀ eñdr hmoÊ`mgmR>r Amdí`H$Jmoï > Amho.

17 OodUmVrc XaamoOMo nXmW© doJdoJio AgmdoV.

1) CncãYVm cjmV KoD$Z XaamoO ^mÁ`m ~Xccoë`m Agmì`mV.

2) XwnmaÀ`m OodUmV H$S>YmÝ ò AgmdrV.

3) amÌrÀ`m OodUmV ^mÁ`m§Mm g_mdoe Agmdm.

4) H$moUVrhr H$S>YmÝ ò qH$dm nmcô mOr XmoZnojm A{YH$doim XoD$ Z ò.

5) gH$miÀ`m OodUmV MnmVr Agmdr Va amÌr eŠ`Vmo ̂ mH$ar Agmdr.

6) XaamoO daU ^mV, S>mi ^mV, H$Yr nwcmd Ago ~Xc AgmdoV.

7) ^moOZmV JmoS> Ira, H$moqe{~ar, H$mH$S>r, JmOa ̀ m§Mm g_mdoe Agmdm.

8) ZmîQ>çm_Ü ò CnrQ>, nmoho, {eam, _moS> Amcocr H$S>YmÝ ò dm\$dyZ{VIQ>_rR> Q>mHy$Z XoVm `oVmV.

darc gd© nXmW© XoVmZm Amnë`mcm _§Oya Agcoë`m ~OoQ>Mm {dMmaOéa H$amdm. (gmo~V {H$amUm `mXr {Xcr Amho.)


31

{e[~amMr {XZM`m©

gH$mir 5.00 ew^à^mV

6.00 Vo 6.15 àmW©Zm, ÜdOd§XZ, am.go.`mo. JrV, nwUo {dÚmnrR> JrV.

6.15 Vo 7.00 ì`m`m_, ̀ moJmgZo, emar[aH$ H$gaV.

7.00 Vo 7.30 Zmï>m

7.30 Vo 12.30 l_XmZ

Xwnmar12.30 Vo 1 A§mKmoi d V`mar

1.00 Vo 2.00 ^moOZ

2.00 Vo 3.00 {dlm§Vr d nwT>rc CnH«$_m§Mr V`mar, JQ>à_wIm§er ~¡R>H$

3.00 Vo 5.00 CnH«$_

5.00 Vo 6.30 {edma \o$ar, J«m_ñW ̂ oQ>r, g_mOà~moYZ.

g§Ü`m.6.30Vo 7.30 ~m¡pÜXH$ Ioi

7.30 Vo 8.30 ^moOZ

8.50 Vo 10.00 gm§ñH¥${VH$ H$m ©̀H«$_

amÌr 10 Vo 10.10 H$m ©̀H«$_ A{YH$mè`m§Mo _ZmoJV

amÌr 10.10 eŵ amÌr.

darcà_mUo gd© {Xdgm§Mo H$m ©̀H«$_ hmoVrc. CnH«$_ d ~m¡{ÕH$ Ioim§_Ü ò~Xc hmoVrc.

{e[~amMo CX²KmQ>Z {e[~amÀ`m n{hë`m {Xder gH$mir 7.00 dm.àmW©Zm, ÜdOd§XZ, am.go.`mo.JrV d nwUo {dÚmnrR> JrVmZo hmoB©c. Ë`mZ§Va{Xcoë`m {XZM }̀à_mUo H$m ©̀H«$_ d CnH«$_ am~[dco OmVrc. {e[~amgmR>rà_wI nmhþUo d AÜ`j ̀ oUma AgVrc Va CX²KmQ>ZmÀ`m H$m ©̀H«$_ {e[~amÀ`mAmXë`m {Xder g§Ü`mH$mir 4.00 Z§Va R>odmdm. _mÌ Am¡nMm[aH$ CX²KmQ>Z{e[~amÀ`m n{hë`m {Xder darcà_mUo hmoB©c.


32

XaamoOMo CnH«$_ d {XZM`m© am~{dVmZm nwT>rc JmoîQ>tMr H$miOr¿`mdr.

1 {e[~añWir XaamoO Ho$coë`m H$m_mMm VŠVm JQ>{Zhm` V`ma H$éZXe©Zr ^mJmV cmdmdm.

2 XaamoO AmOMo {Z`moOZ Agm VŠVm Xe©Zr^mJmV cmdmdm.

3 XaamoO JQ>à_wIm§Mr gH$mir d amÌr ~¡R>H$ ¿`mdr.

4 XaamoO gH$mir d amÌr H$m ©̀H«$_ A{YH$mè`m§Zr {dÚmÏ`mªer g§dmXgmYmdm. H$m_mMm AmT>mdm KoD$Z {dÚmÏ`mªMo H$m¡VwH$ H$amdo d MwH$m§Mmgm¡å` ^mfoV C„oI H$amdm d MwH$m Q>miÊ`mgmR>r à`ËZ H$aÊ`mMoAmdmhZ H$amdo.


33

{e{~am§Vrc CnH«$_m§{df`r g{dñVa _m{hVr

B{Vhmg coIZ …

B{Vhmg {df`mÀ`m àmÜ`mnH$m§Zr _hm{dÚmc`mVrc B{Vhmg {df`mMo{dÚmWu d JmdmMr _m{hVr Agcoë`m ì`ŠVrcm ~amo~a KoD$Z Jmdm_Ü ò{\$éZ Eo{Vhm{gH$ XñVmEodO, Eo{Vhm{gH$ dmS>o, _§{Xao, {ecmcoI, draJi,Vm_«nQ>, n«mMrZ _yVu, AmS>Zmdm§Mm B{Vhmg, JmdmÀ`m ZmdmMm B{Vhmg,_§{XamMm B{Vhmg, J«m_X¡dVmMr _m{hVr, H$Wm, lÜXm, JmdmMr emim, JmdmMraMZm, ~cwVoXmar nÜXV, nma§n[aH$ Ioi, JmdmVrc VéU _§S>io, gm_m{OH$ dYm{_©H$ _§S>io g§ñWm, ~MVJQ>, B. {df`r g{dñVa _m{hVr \$moQ>moghrV Úmdr.\$moQ>mo ho Eo{Vhm{gH$ XñVmEodOmMo qH$dm dñVyMo Xe©Z H$aUmao AgmdoV.

`m g§X^m©V A{YH$ _XV ìhmdr åhUyZ nydu g_W© ̂ maV A{^`mZm§VJ©V"XÎmH$ JmdmMm B{Vhmg' gd}jU \$m°_© nmR>dcoco AmhoV Vo \$m°_©© dmnamdoV.ho \$m°_©© AmnUm§g _mJ©Xe©H$ R>aVrc. Amnë`m _hm{dÚmc`mV Oa B{Vhmg{df` {eH$dcm OmV Zgoc Va eoOmarc _hm{dÚmc`mVrc B{VhmgmÀ`màmÜ`mnH$m§Mr _XV ¿`mdr d Ë`m§À`m _XVrZo d Amnë`m am. go. `mo.ñd §̀godH$m§À`m _XVrZo B{VhmgcoIZ H$amdo. B{VhmgmMr AmdS> AgUmè`màmÜ`mnH$m§H$S>o ho H$m_ gmondco Var Mmcoc. H$m ©̀H«$_ A{YH$mè`m§ ì`{V[aŠVBVam§Zr ho H$m_ H$amdo åhUOo Ahdmc coIZ H$aUo gmono OmVo d ̀ m H$mimVH$m ©̀H«$_ A{YH$mè`m§Zm {e{~amÀ`m ̀ eñdrVoH$S>o cj XoVm ̀ oVo. B{VhmgcoIZmMoH$m_ 30 Vo 40 nmZm§Ü ò Q>mB©n H$éZ {c{IV ñdénmV Ahdmc nmR>dmdm dË`mMr gr.S>r. H$éZ nr.S>r.E\$. \$mB©c {dÚmnrR>m_Ü ò nmR>dmdr. AmnUnmR>{dcoë`m _m{hVrÀ`m AmYmao Ë`m JmdmMm g§nyU© B{Vhmg N>mncm OmD$eH$Vmo ho Amnco d Amnë`m _hm{dÚmc`mMo `e Agoc.


34

Or.Am`.Eg. _°qnJ (((((G. I. S. Mapping)))))

G. I. S. Mapping H$aÊ`mH$arVm ̂ yJmoc {df`mÀ`m àmÜ`mnH$m§Zo_hm{dÚmc`mVrc Xhm {dÚmÏ`mªZm qH$dm {e{~amVrc {dÚmÏ`m©§À`m _XVrZoOr.nr.Eg. CnH$aUmÀ`m gmhmæ`mZo g§nyU© JmdmMo gd}jU H$amdo. gd}jUmMm\$m°_© Amnë`m nwpñVHo$V {Xcocm Amho Vmo AZoH$ A§JmZo Vw_À`m g§nyU© {e{~amÀ`mAhdmcmcm Cn`moJr R>aUma Amho. Jmd d Jmdm{df`rMr _m{hVr ^éZXoVmZm Or.Am`.Eg. _°qnJ _wio gmo~V {Xcocm \$m°_©Mr _m{hVr Oa B§Q>aZoQ>daQ>mH$cr Va g§nyU© JmdmVrc ~marH$- gmarH$ JmoîQ>r ghOnUo Amnë`mcmnmhVm ̀ oVrc. CXm. JmdmVrc {H$Vr KamV XmoZ dfm©nojm chmZ _wco AmhoV,Ë`mZwgma Ho$di VodT>çmM Kar OmD$Z nmo{cAmo cg XoVm òB©c. emgH$s``moOZm am~{dVmZm OmñVrV OmñV ̀ mo½` nÜXVrZo ̀ m _°qnJMm Cn`moJ hmoB©c.Amnë`m _hm{dÚmc`mV Oa ŷJmoc {df` {eH$dcm OmV Zgoc Va Á`m§Zrnydu Or.nr.Eg. CnH$aUo H$er dmnam`Mr `mMo à{ejU KoVco Amho AemàmÜ`mnH$m§H$S>o hr O~m~Xmar Úmdr. H$mhr _hm{dÚmc`m§H$S>o Or.nr.Eg. ̀ §ÌCncãY AmhoV Vr KoD$Z A{YH$ Mm§Jë`m nÜXVrZo H$m_ H$aVm ̀ oB©c. AmXe©EZ.Eg.Eg. CnH«$_ åhUyZ Amnë`mcm ŷJmoc {df`mMr d àmÜ`mnH$m§Mr_XV hmoD$ eH$Vo.

O¡d{d{dYVoMm Aä`mg d gd}jU

{e{~a Á`m Jmdr AgVo Ë`m JmdmÀ`m Amgnmg S>m|Ja, Xè`m, O§Jc,eoVr, PmS>o, \w$cm§Mr PmS>o Agm n`m©daU nmofH$, CËgmhr d AmëhmXXm`H$dmVmdaU AgVo. {e{~a H$mimV VoWrc O¡d{d{dYVoMm Aä`mg d gdo©jUH$aUo AË §̀V JaOoMo AgVo. O¡d{d{dYVm åhUOo VoWo Agcoë`m Ordg¥ï>rÀ`m{d{dYVoMm Aä`mg H$aUo hmò . `m_Ü ò VoWo Agcoë`m O¡{dH$ {d{dYVoMmAä`mg H$aUo. XÎmH$ JmdmÀ`m Amgnmg Agcoë`m {d{dY d doJodJù`màH$maMo àmUr, Ë`m§Mo Amhma, amhUr_mZ, àOmVrMo gd}jU H$aUo. VoWrcñWm{ZH$ cmoH$m§er MMm© H$éZ {ZarjUmÛmao gd}jU H$aUo. `m_Ü ò nmÊ`mV


35

amhUmao àmUr, H$sQ>H$, {H$S>o `m§Mm g_mdoe hmoB©c. O{_Zrda, PmS>mdaCS>Umao njr ̀ mMm Aä`mgnyd©H$ d JwUY_mªZwgma Aä`mg H$amdm. Ordg¥ï>rVàmÊ`m§~amo~a dZñnVtMmhr Aä`mg H$amdm. ̀ m_Ü ò PmS>o, PwS>no, _moR>r d¥j,Am¡fYr dZñnVr, \w$cm§Mr-\$im§Mr PmS>o `m§Mm Aä`mg d gd}jU H$amdo.ho gdo}jU H$arV AgVm§Zm ñd §̀godH$m§Zm `mMr Cn ẁŠVVm, _hÎd d ^mdrH$mimV ̀ m Aä`mgmMm Cn`moJ hr C[>Ôï>o ñnï> H$amdrV. hm Aä`mg H$aÊ`mnyduàm{Uemó d dZñnVremó {d^mJ {ejH$m§er MMm© H$éZ gdo}jU nÜXVrMr_m{hVr H$éZ ¿`mdr. àmUr d dZñnVr ̀ m§Mm Aä`mg H$arV AgVmZm nwT>rcJmoîQ>r H$amì`mV.

1 ñWm{ZH$ cmoH$m§À`m ghH$m`mªZm àmUr d dZñnVrMm àW_Xeu VŠVm

2 `mV àmUr/dZñnVrMo ñWm{ZH$ Zmd (_amR>rV) Z§Va B§J«OrV Zmd dË`mZ§Va Ë`mMo d¡km{ZH$ Zmd Agm VŠVm H$amdm.

3 O¡d{d{dYVm nmhVmZm EH$mM OmVrMo doJdoJù`m àOmVr H$moUË`mAmho. `mMo gd}jU H$amdo. CXm. gmn, Ë`mMo àH$ma, OmVr, H$moR>ogmnS>VmV, AÞ H$m`, H$emàH$mao KoVmV.

4 VoWo Agcoë`m {H$S>, H$sQ>H$, àmUr, njr, _mgo ̀ m§Mo gd}jU H$amdo.

5 dZñnVr gd}jUmV d¥j, \w$c§mMr PmS>o, OwZo d¥j, Am¡fYr dZñnVr`m§Mr ñWm{ZH$ Zmdo, JwUY_©, d¡km{ZH$ Zmdo d Cn`moJ Agm VŠVmH$amdm.

6 `m gd© O¡d{d{dYm§Mm Ahdmc V`ma H$amdm.

_mVr, nmUr MmMUr/ n¥W¸$aU

XÎmH$ Jmdm_Ü ò [e{~a H$mimV VoWrc nmUr d _mVr ̀ m§Mr MmMUr/n¥W¸$aU H$aUo. Ë`m_Ü ò VoWo CncãY Agcoë`m doJdoJù`m nmÊ`mÀ`mómoVmMo åhUOoM {dhrar, ZXr, ~moAadoc, Vir, AmoT>m `m§Yrc nmÊ`mMonarjU H$éZ KoUo. {nÊ`mMo {nÊ`mgmR>r Agcoë`m KQ>H$m§Mm Aä`mg H$aUo


36

nmÊ`mV àXyfU Amho H$m ho VnmgUo, Agë`mg Ë`mMr H$ënZm gan§M dJ«m_ñWm§Zm XoD$Z OmJéH$ H$aUo. `m_Ü ò {nÊ`mgmR>r `mo½` nmÊ`mMm dmnaH$amdm d nmÊ`mÀ`m _mÜ`_mìXmao hmoUmao Ë`mdarc Cnm``moOZm H$em H$amì`mV`mMm g{dñVa VŠVm H$éZ Úmdm. nmUr ~MV, nmdgmÀ`m nmÊ`mMo g§dY©ZH$go H$amdo? `mMr MMm© H$amdr. XÎmH$ JmdmVrc doJdoJù`m {R>H$mUmMr_mVr KodyZ Ë`mMo n¥W¸$aU H$éZ Ë`m_Ü ò AgUmè`m KQ>H$m§Mm Aä`mgH$amdm. `m _mVr KQ>H$m§Mm {nH$mgmR>r hmoUmam Cn`moJ Vo KQ>H$ _mVr_Ü ò{H$Vr n«mUmV AgmdoV, OmñV Pmë`mg Ë`mMm Cn`moJ/Xwén`moJ, H$_r Pmë`mgË`mMm Cn`moJ/Xwén`moJ `mMm g{dñVa Aä`mg H$amdm d eoVH$è`m§Zm Ë`mg_OmdyZ Úmì`mV. O¡{dH$ eoVr, O¡dV§ÌkmZ `mMm Cn`moJ H$éZ eoVr,\$ieoVr, \w$ceoVr, nm°{chmD$g Aem àH$maMo MMm©gÌ d _m{hVr J«m_rU^mJmV {e{~a Xaå`mZ Úmdr. ho agm`Zemó {d^mJm_m\©$V H$éZ ¿`mdo.

_{hcm g~crH$aU d gj_rH$aU

JmdmVrc {dH$mgmMm _w»` H$Um åhUOo _{hcm g~crH$aUmdaAdc§~yZ AgVmo. JmdmVrc _{hcm§Mm {dH$mg Pmcm qH$dm _{hcm gj_AgVrc Va AZoH$ A{Zï> àWm, AZoH$ éT>r Wm§~VmV Va ZdrZ {dH$mgmMr{Xem Jmdmcm [_iy cmJVo. Ë`m_wio _{hcm g~crH$aU hm _wÔm AË §̀V_hÎdmMm Amho. "Hw$Qw>§~mVrc EH$ ór {eH$cr Va g§nyU© Hw$Qw>§~ gwYmaoc' `m_hmË_m Á`moVr~m \w$co ̀ m§À`m CŠVrà_mUo g§nyU© Hw$Qw>§~mMm {dH$mg gmYÊ`mgmR>r_{hcm gj_rH$aU Pmco nm{hOo. Ë`mgmR>r Ë`m§Zm ~i XoÊ`mgmR>r emgH$s`AZoH$ ̀ moOZm am~{dë`m OmVmV. Ë`m ̀ moOZm nwaoem à_mUmV J«m_rU ̂ mJmVrc_{hcm§n ª̀V nmohmoMV ZmhrV. `m `moOZm _{hcm§n ª̀V nmohmoMdyZ Ë`m§Zm ~iXoUo hm ̀ m _wÚm§_mJrc g_mOmn ª̀V nmohmoMÊ`mMm _hm{dÚmc`mMm hoVy Amho.J«m_rU ̂ mJmV ~MVJQ> ñWmnZ Pmcoco AmhoV, _mÌ Ë`mVrc ~aoMgo ~MVJQ>ho nwéfM Mmc{dVmV. ̀ m~m~VrV gd}jU d {dH$mgmVrc _{hcm§Mo ̀ moJXmZAgUo AË §̀V _hÎdmMo Amho. Ë`mgmR>r gd}jU \$m°_©Yrc _m{hVr ̂ éZ XoUo


37

`mo½` hmoB©c. ̀ m _m{hVrÀ`m AmYmao JmdmVrc "_{hcm§Mo Amamo½`' CnH«$_mghr_XV hmoD$ eH$Vo.

Anm§an[aH$ D$Om© gmYZo

g_ñV _mZd OmVrMm {dH$mg d CÞVr_Ü ò D$O}cm A{Ve` _hÎdmMoñWmZ Amho. gÜ`mÀ`m àM§S> drOdmnamÀ`m n[apñWVr_Ü ò nma§n[aH$ D$O}Mmdmna H$_rV H$_r H$aÊ`mgmR>r àmYmÝ` {Xco Joco nm{hOo. H$maU na§namJVB§YZmMr _`m©Xm d Ë`m AZwf§JmZo ̀ oD$ KmVcoco D$O}Mo g§H$Q> nmhVm cmoH$m§ZrX¡Z§{XZ OrdZmV Anma§n[aH$ D$O}À`m dmnamda cj H|$ÐrV H$aUo A{Zdm ©̀Pmcoco Amho. gm¡aD$Om©, ndZD$Om©, ŷJ^m©Vrc Am¡pîUH$ D$Om©, chat_Ü ògm_mdcocr D$Om©, cmQ>m§_Ü ò gm_mdcocr D$Om© B. nmgyZ gwÜXm D$Om© {Z{_©Vrgdmd Amho. nma§n[aH$ D$O}À`m _mÜ`_mVyZ g_mOmcm hmoUmao ZwH$gmZ cjmVKoÊ`mOmoJo Amho. H$mhr nma§n[aH$ D$Omª_wio VËH$mi ZwH$gmZ hmoVo. CXm.cmHy$S> OmiUo åhUOo n`m©daUmMm EH$ àH$mao èhmg `m{edm` YwamÀ`m_mÜ`_mVyZ àXyfU Aem AZoH$ ZwH$gmZrÀ`m Jmoï>r KS>VmV. ̀ m Q>miÊ`mgmR>rg§~§{YV JmdmV H$mhr à`moJ H$aVm òVrc H$m? emgH$s`, AemgH$s`g§ñWm§À`m _mÜ`_mVyZ à`ËZ H$éZ J«m_rU ^mJmVrc {dOoMr g_ñ`m H$ergmoS>{dVm ̀ oB©c ømMm {dMma {d{Z_` H$aVm ̀ oD$ eH$Vmo. nma§nm[aH$ {dOoMmJmdmV {H$Vr dmna hmoVmo? JmdmMr {dOoMr JaO H$m` Amho? {dOoMr JiVrAJa Mmoar hmoVo H§$m? B. JmoîQ>t~m~V gdo©jUmÀ`m _mÜ`_mVyZ Ahdmc V`maH$amdm. `mMm g{dñVa Aä`mg Ho$ë`mg Anma§nm[aH$ D$Om© gmYZm§Mm dmnaH$éZ Jmdmcm {H$Vr, H$er, Ho$dT>çm à_mUmV D$Om© XoVm ̀ oB©c ̀ mMm Aä`mgnyU©Ahdmc V`ma H$aVm ̀ ody eH$Vmo, Omo Ë`m JmdmÀ`m EHy$U {dH$mgmV Cn`moJrR>aoc. emgH$s` A{YH$mè`m§Zmhr _mJ©Xe©H$ R>é eHo$c Aer ì`már `mAhdmcmMr hmoD$ eH$Vo. JmdmVrc àË òH$ KamVrc {dOoMm dmna {H$VrAgyZ àË`jmV g§nyU© Jmdmcm drO {H$Vr {_iVo? d BVa drO H$moR>o OmVo?Aem ~marH$-gmarH$ Jmoï>tMm nam_e© KoVm ̀ ody eH$Vmo. gd}jU \$m°_©© ~Z{dVmZm


38

~ë~, amÌrMm {Xdm, Q>çy~, gr.E\$.Ec., n§Im, Q>o~c \°$Z, EAaHw$ca,dmVmZwHy${bZ ̀ §Ì, {_Šga, ãc|S>a, Á ỳga, KaK§Q>r, Q>moñQ>a, BcopŠQ́>H$ AmoìhZ,_m`H«$moAmoìh AmoìhZ, Bór, {JPa, Q>r>.ìhr., ao{S>Amo, pìhS>rAmo, H°$goQ>ßcoAa, pñQ>[aAmo {gñQ>r_, dm°qeJ _{eZ, ìhm°Š`_ pŠcZa, g§JUH$, B.gmYZm§gmR>r {H$Vr drO àË òH$ KamV dmnacr OmVo. {H$Vr BcopŠQ´>H$ gmYZoàË òH$ Kar dmnacr OmVmV. ̀ mVyZ àË`j {dOoMm dmna {H$Vr hmoVmo ho cjmVòVo.

~m¡{ÕH$ Ioi …

1 XyaÑîQ>rMm Ioi …

IoimMo C{Ôï> … Amnë`mcm AgmÜ` dmQ>Umè`m Jmoï>r gmÜ` H$aÊ`mV XyaX¥ï>rAm{U H$ënH$Vm `m JmoîQ>tMo ~i AmoiIUo ho `m IoimMo C{Ôï> hmò .

JQ>m§Mr g§»`m … JQ> AmH$mam{df`r H$mhr _`m©Xm Zmhr.

IoimÀ`m nÕVr … `m IoimMo XmoZ ^mJ AmhoV. IoimV gh^mJrXmam§ZrEH$_oH$m§nmgyZ BVŠ`m cm§~ C ô amhmdo, OoUoH$éZ Ë`m§Mo hmV EH$_oH$m§ZmqH$dm H$moUË`mhr dñVycm qH$dm q^Vrcm ñne© H$aUma ZmhrV. Amnco nm`O{_Zrda nŠHo$ R>odm Am{U Vo IoimMm Xwgam ̂ mJ hmoB©n ª̀V VoWyZ hcdy ZH$m.

^mJ EH$ … Amncm COdm hmW Amnë`mg_moa nwT>o H$am. Amnco nm` ZhcdVm Amncr H§$~a Am{U Vmo hmV KS>çmù`mÀ`m {XeoZo VoWn ª̀V {\$admOoWyZ AmUIr nwT>o OmUo Vwåhm§cm eŠ` hmoV Zmhr. OoWo Vwåhr Wm§~cmV Ë`m{R>H$mUr IyU H$am Am{U hiydmanUo Amnë`m OmJoda naV ̀ m. _mÌ Amnë`mOmJodéZ gaHy$ ZH$m.

^mJ XmoZ … AmVm AJXr nyduà_mUoM H¥$Vr H$am nU ̀ mdoir S>moio ~§X R>odm.Ooìhm Vwåhm§cm dmQ>oc H$s Vwåhr Ë`m {R>H$mUr nmohmoMcmV Á`m {R>H$mUr Vwåhr_mJÀ`mdoir Wm§~cm hmoVmV S>moio CKSy> ZH$m. Amnë`m _Zmer R>adm H$s


39

Amnë`mcm Ë`m q~XyÀ`m nwîH$i nwT>o Om`Mo Amho Am{U Vgo à`ËZ Voìhmn ©̀§VH$am Ooìhmn ª̀V Vwåhm§cm AmUIr nwT>o OmUo eŠ` homV Zmhr. AmVm S>moioCKS>m Am{U nydu Wm§~cmV Vmo q~Xy Am{U hm q~Xy VnmgyZ ~Km. Vwåhr EH$VaË`mM {R>H$mUr qH$dm Ë`mnojm nwT>o ZmhrVa Ë`mhr AmYr Agmc. hiydmanUoAmnë`m OmJr naV `m.

AZŵ dmMr n¥ÀN>m … IoimVrc ^mJrXmam§Zr Amnmncm AZŵ d gm§Jmdm H$sXwgè`m§Xm Vo Hw$R>o Wm§~coV. gdmªMo gm§JyZ Pmë`mda Vwåhmcm AmíM ©̀ dmQ>ocH$s S>moio ~§X AgyZgwÕm ~aoM cmoH$ nydunojm nwT>o Jococo AmhoV. EH$ H$maUho H$s n{hë`m doiog AmnU Amnë`m _`m©Xm AmoiIyZ AmVm nwT>o OmVm òVZmhr Ago R>adVmo. nU Xwgè`m§Xm Ooìhm S>moio ~§X AgVmV Voìhm AmnUH$ënZm H$aVmo H$s AmnU nydunojm AmUIr nwT>o OmV AmhmoV Am{U Vgmà`ËZ XoIrc H$aVmo. Voìhm IaoM AmnU AmUIr nwT>o OmVmo. H$ënH$VoMoAm{U XyaÑï>rMo ho ~i hmò Oo ì`ŠVrcm AgmÜ` dmQ>Umar Jmoï> gmÜ`H$aÊ`mg gj_ H$aVo. hm Ioi Ioië`m_wio Amnco Cƒ Ü ò̀ o H$m`_ H$aÊ`mMrqH$dm Amnë`m gj_Vm H$_r Z coIÊ`mMr àoaUm Vwåhmcm àmá Pmcr.àË òH$mÀ`m OrdZmV H$mhr Ü ò̀ AgVmV, nwT>o OmÊ`mMr Amg AgVo. AmnUgJioOU Vo Ü ò̀ gmÜ` H$é eH$Vmo. g§ñH¥$VrMo AÜ``Z H$é eH$Vmo, AmnUAmnco Ü ò̀ gmÜ` H$aV AmhmoV Aer Ñï>r R>odm`cm hdr. Vw_Mr XyaÑîQ>rñdV…nwaVr _`m©{XV Z R>odVm ì`mnH$ Agmdr.

2 ghH$m`m©Mr ^mdZm …

IoimMr C{Ôï>o … Ooìhm Hw$Qw>§~mV gh^mJrVoMm gamd Ho$cm OmVmo VoìhmAm ẁî` _Zmoa§OH$, A{YH$ EoŠ` {Z_m©U H$aUmao Am{U g§gmYZm§Mm Anì``Q>miUmao H$go R>aVo `m JwUmMr òm½`Vm AmoiIUo.

IoimMr JQ>g§»`m … àË`oH$ JQ>mV Mma qH$dm nmM gXñ` Agy eH$VmV.ñÌrnwéfm§Mo JQ> doJdoJio AgmdoV.


40

Amdí`H$ gm{hË` … àË òH$ JQ>mgmR>r dV©_mZnÌmMo EH$ nmZ.

IoimMr H$m ©̀nÕVr … N>moQ>çm N>moQ>çm JQ>mV C ô amhm. àË òH$ JQ>mgmR>rdV©_mZnÌmMMo EH$ nmZ Agoc. dV©_mZnÌmMo nmZ O{_Zrda ngadyZ R>odm.JQ>mVrc gd© gXñ`m§Zr Ë`m nmZmda C ô amhmdo. H$moUmMohr nm` O{_Zrcmñne© H$aUma ZmhrV. EH$ Vo nmM _moOm Am{U ~mOycm ìhm. dV©_mZnÌmÀ`mnmZmMr AYu KS>r Kmcm Am{U nydu à_mUo Ë`mda C ô amhÊ`mMr H¥$Vr H$aVamhm. Ooìhmn ª̀V Ë`m KS>r KmVcoë`m H$mJXmda O{_Zrcm ñne© Z H$aVm C ôamhUo AeŠ` hmoV Zmhr Vmon ª̀V hr H¥$Vr gwé R>odm. àË òH$doir nmM _moOm`cm{dgé ZH$m. Z§Va àË òH$ JQ>m§Zr EH$_oH$m§Zm Amnmnco H$mJX XmIdmdoV.

AZŵ dmMr n¥ÀN>m … AmÎmmÀ`m AZŵ dmMo {dícofU Imcrc àíZmÛmao H$am.

1 AmÎmm Vwåhm§cm H$go dmQ>Vo?

2 hm Ioi IoiVmZm Vwåhr H$moUH$moUË`m H$m¡eë`m§Mm gamd Ho$cm?

3 hm Ioi IoiVmZm Vwåhr H$moUH$moUË`m d¥Îmr Am{U JwUm§Mm gamdHo$cm?

4 `m KQ>H$mÀ`m {df`mer hm Ioi H$gm g§~§{YV Amho.

Vw_À`m {ZîH$fmª_Ü ò Agm C„oI Agoc H$s, Ooìhm AmnU gh^mJrVm`m JwUmMm gamd Amnë`m {dñVm[aV Hw$Qw>§~mV H$aVmo Voìhm A{YH$ AmZ§X,EH$_oH$m§g ghH$m ©̀ H$aÊ`mg {eH$Uo, gr{_V CncãY gmYZm§Mm OmñVrVOmñV Cn`moJ H$aUo `m Jmoï>r ghO eŠ` hmoVmV.

3 g§nÎmrMr amIU …

C{Ôï> … {dídmgnmÌVo{edm` OrdZ OJUo {H$Vr H$R>rU hmoD$ eH$Vo `mMmAZŵ d KoUo.

JQ>mMr g§»`m … àË òH$ JQ>mV ghm gXñ` Agy eH$VmV.


41

Amdí`H$ gm{hË` … àËòH$ JQ>mgmR>r EH$ é_mc qH$dm H$mnS>mMm VwH$S>m.

nÜXVr … àË òH$ JQ>mMo gXñ` ghm \y$Q> ì`mgmÀ`m dVw©imV C ô amhVmV. EH$gXñ` dVw©imÀ`m _Ü`^mJr C^m amhVmo. Ë`mÀ`m g_moa Vmo é_mc Amho. Vmoé_mc Ë`mMr g§nÎmr Amho Am{U Ë`mZo {VMo ajU H$amd`mMo Amho. dVw©imVrcgXñ` Ë`mMr g§nÎmr {hgH$mdyZ KoÊ`mMm à`ËZ H$aVmV. amIUH$Ë`m©Zo Ë`mMrg§nÎmr {hgH$dÊ`mMm à`ËZ H$aUmè`m§n¡H$s Á`m Hw$Umcm ñne© Ho$cm Ë`mì`ŠVrZo Vr g§nÎmr gmoSy>Z ghm nmdco _mJo Omdo. Voìhmg Vr ì`ŠVr dVw©imVnaV ̀ oD$Z IoimV gm_rc hmoD$ eHo$c. Or H$moUr ì`ŠVr Vr g§nÎmr {hgH$mdyZdVw©imÀ`m ~mhoa OmÊ`mV èñdr hmoVo Vr Ë`m g§nÎmrMr _mcH$ ~ZVo. VrdVw©imÀ`m _Ü`^mJr òVo Am{U Amnë`m g§nÎmrMr amIU H$aVo. Á`mZoAmncr g§nÎmr J_mdcr Amho Vmo dVw©imVrc BVa gXñ`m§Ü ò {_giVmo Am{Ug§nÎmr {hgH$dÊ`mMm à`ËZ H$aVmo. JQ>mVrc OmñVrV OmñV gXñ`m§H$Sy>Z{H$_mZ EH$ doim Var g§nÎmr {hgH$br OmB©n ª̀V Ioi gwé R>odmdm.

AZŵ dmMr n¥ÀN>m … g§nyU© JQ> EH$Ì òdyZ Imcrc àíZm§Mr MMm© H$arc.

1 {H$Vr gXñ`m§Zm g§nÎmr {hgH$mdyZ KoÊ`mV è àmá Pmco d {H$VtZmZmhr?

2 g§nÎmrMo ajU H$aVmZm Vw_À`m _ZmV H$moUË`m ^mdZm hmoË`m?

3 Vw_À`mH$Sy>Z Ooìhm g§nÎmr {hgH$dÊ`mV Amcr Voìhm Vwåhm§cm H$godmQ>co?

4 Ooìhm Vwåhr dVw©imV amhÿZ g§nÎmr {hgH$mdÊ`mMm à`ËZ H$arV hmoVmVVoìhm H$moUË`m ^mdZm hmoË`m?

5 Ooìhm Vwåhm§cm g§nÎmr {hgH$dVm Amcr Voìhm Vwåhm§cm H$go dmQ>co?Vwåhm§cm g§nÎmr {hgH$dVm Amcr Zmhr Voìhm Vwåhm§cm H$go dmQ>co ?

6 Vwåhmcm Vw_Mm hm AZŵ d g_mOmVrc Vw_À`m X¡Z§{XZ OrdZmerOmoS>Vm òB©c H$m`? H$go?


42

4 JwU{deof> AmoiI …

IoimMo C{Ôï> … JQ>mVrc gXñ`m§À`m M§mJë`m JwUm§Mr AmR>dU H$éZMm§Jë`m JwUm§er Ë`m§Mm g§~§Y OmoSy>Z EoŠ` d¥pÜX¨JV H$aUo.

JQ>mVrc gXñ`m§Mr g§»`m … 20 gXñ`m§Mm EH$ JQ> Agy eHo$c.

H$m ©̀nÕVr … JQ>mVrc gXñ` dV©wi H$éZ C ô amhVmV. EH$m gXñ`mZoAmnë`m ZmdmnwT>o EImÚm Mm§Jë`m JwUm§Mr {ZdS> H$amdr d Vo Amnë`mZmdmnwT>o cmdmdo. Ë`mÀ`m ZmdmÀ`m AmÚmjmamZoM Ë`m JwUmMrhr gwédmVìhmdr. Ë`m§Zr Zmd Am{U JwU XmoÝhr EH$mMdoir CƒmamdoV. CXmhaUmW© em§Veer H$moc H${dVm' Oo JwU Ë`mZo Amnë`m Zmdmer OmoS>co Amho Vo Ë`mÀ`mVAgy eHo$c qH$dm Vo àmá H$aÊ`mMr Ë`mMr BÀN>m Var Agoc. Z§Va S>mdrH$Sy>ZCOdrH$S>oÀ`m eoOmar Agcoë`m Xwgè`m ì`ŠVrZo n{hë`m ì`ŠVrMo ZmdAm{U {deofU `mMo Cƒma H$éZ Amnco Zmd Am{U {deofU Cƒmamdo.CXmhaUmW© «em§V eer, H$moc H$[dVm' Z§Va {Vgè`m ì`ŠVrZo VgoM H$amdo.Aem nÜXVrZo Ooìhm dVw©imVrc eodQ>Mr ì`ŠVr ñdV…Mo Zmd Am{U {deofUOmoSy>Z gdmªÀ`m Zmdm§Mm Am{U {deofUm§Mm Cƒma H$arc Vmon ª̀V Ioi gwéR>odmdm Z§Va JQ>mVrc gd© ì`ŠVtZr {_iyZ n{hë`m ì`ŠVr nmgyZ eodQ>À`mì`ŠVtn ª̀V gdmªÀ`m Zmdm§Mm Am{U {deofUm§Mm Cƒma H$amdm åhUOo «em§Veer, H$moc H${dVm JmoS> JrVm ........' BË`mXr. àË òH$mZo àË òH$mÀ`m{deofUm§gh Zmd KoB©n ª̀V Ioi IoiVm òVmo.

AZŵ dmMr n¥ÀN>m … JQ>mVrc gXñ`m§Zr H$mhr {_{ZQ>o Imcrc n«íZm§Mr MMm©H$amdr.

1 Vwåhmcm Ioi AmdS>cm H$m`? H$m?

2 Vw_À`m ZmdmgmR>r {deofU emoYUo gmono hmoVo H$m`? H$m?

3 EImXo Mm§Jco JwU Xwgè`m H$moUmcm OmoS>Uo Vwåhm§cm AmdS>Vo H$m`?H$m?


43

4 hm Ioi Am{U JQ>mVrc gXñ`m§_Ü ò EoŠ` {Z_m©U H$aÊ`mÀ`mÑîQ>rZodmVmdaU {Z{_©Vr `mV H$m` g§~§Y Amho?

5 d¡Mm[aH$ EH$Vm …

C{Ôï> … {ZîH$fm©àV nmohmoMÊ`mgmR>r nwaogo kmZ, _wŠV, _moH$ir Am{U nÜXVerag„m _gcV Amdí`H$ Amho. ̀ mÛmao d¡Mm[aH$ EH$Vm gmÜ` H$aVm ̀ oVo hr Jmoï>ñdrH$maUo.

JQ>mMr g§»`m … àË òH$ N>moQ>çm JQ>mV Mma gXñ`.

H$m ©̀nÜXVr …

nmàr 1 … g_wnXoeH$ H$nS>çmZo PmH$cocr EH$ dñVy dJm©V AmUVmV.àË òH$ N>moQ>çm JQ>mV OmD$Z Ë`mVrc àË òH$ gXñ`mcm H$nS>çmMm WmoS>mgm^mJ ~mOycm H$éZ Vr dñVy doJodJù`m ~mOyZo XmIdVmV. AemàH$mao àË òH$ì`ŠVr doJdoJù`m ~mOyZo Vr dñVy nmhVo. JQ>mVrc gd© gXñ`m§Zm {dZ§VrHo$cr OmVo H$s Vr dñVy Ë`m§Zr VoìhmM nmhmdr Ooìhm Vr dñVy Ë`m§Zm XmI{dcrOmB©c, _J g_wnXoeH$ àË òH$ JQ>mcm AmnmngmV g„m-_gcV H$éZ Ë`mdñVyMo dU©Z H$aÊ`mMm à`ËZ H$am`cm gm§JVmV. àË òH$ gXñ`mZo Amnco _Vñnï>nUo _m§S>Uo Am{U Xwgè`m§Mo åhUUo H$miOrnyd©H$ EoH$Uo Amdí`H$ Amho`mMr g_wnXoeH$ AmR>dU H$éZ XoVmV. _J àË òH$ JQ>mZo Amnco {ZîH$f©H$mJXmda {chÿZ H$mT>mdoV.

nmàr 2 … àË òH$ JQ>mcm Ë`m dñVy g§~§YrMo Amnmnco {ZîH$f© dmMÊ`mggm§{JVco OmVo H$s Vr dñVy H$m` Amho.

nmàr 3 … g_wnXoeH$ H$mnS> H$mTy>Z Vr dñVy gdmªZm XmIdVrc.

nmàr 4 … Ë`§mMo CÎma H$m§ MyH$ Am{U H$m§ ~amo~a ho JQ>mVrc gXñ` MMm©H$aVrc.


44

AZŵ d n¥ÀN>m …

IoimMm {ZîH$f© …

1 g§nyU© kmZ{edm` ^mî` H$aUo MwH$sMo

2 gdmªZr EH${ÌV `oD$Z dñVy§Mo AdcmoH$Z Ho$co H$m§?

3 Amnco EH$_V Pmco hmoVo H$m§?

4 Ñ{ï>H$moZ doJdoJim hmoVm H$m§?


45

IMm©Mm {d{Z`moJ

{e[~amMo Am`moOZ d Ë`mg§~§Yr coIm{df`H$ _m{hVr …

nwUo {dÚmnrR>mH$Sy >Z _hm{dÚmc`mg {e{~a Am`moOZmnydugd©gmYmaUnUo 50% AZwXmZ {Xco OmVo. _hm{dÚmc`mÀ`m amï´>r` godm`moOZm ~°§H$ ImË`mV AZwXmZ O_m H$aUo Ano[jV Amho. _hmamï´> emgZmZo ̀ mg§X^m©V {ZJ©{_V Ho$coë`m AmXoemZwgma amḯ>r` godm ̀ moOZogmR>r ImVo amḯ>r`rH¥$V~±Ho$V ñd§VÌ ImVo H$mT>Uo _hm{dÚmc`mda ~§YZH$maH$ Amho. {dÚmnrR>mH$Sy>Z{e{~a Am`moOZmgmR>r 50% AZwXmZ AmJmD$ {_iV Agë`m_wio Cd©[aVa¸$_ _hm{dÚmc`mZo IM© H$éZ {dÚmnrR>mg {heo~ gmXa H$aUo Ano{jVAgVo. {e{~amÀ`m Am`moOZ H$arV AgVmZm H$m_mMm ì`mn {dMmamV KoVm{e{~amMo IMm©Mo {Z`moOZ H$amdo cmJVo. Ë`m gd© H$m_m§gmR>r CncãY AgUmè`mgodH$m§H$Sy>Z Ë`m§À`m j_VoZwgma Ë`m§Zm H$m_ XoUo d H$éZ KoUo Amdí`H$Amho. ̀ mgmR>r doJdoJù`m g{_Ë`m Zo_Uo Ë`mM ~amo~a Am{W©H$ {Z`moOZ H$aUoAmdí`H$ Amho. EHy$U {_iUmar a¸$_ d hmoUmam IM© ̀ m§Mm Vmi_oi KmcUoAË §̀V Amdí`H$ Amho. emgZmH$Sy>Z d {dÚmnrR>mH$Sy>Z AZwH«$_o é. 450 dé. 140 Ago EHy$U é. 590/- gmV [Xdgm§gmR>r àË òH ñd §̀godH$mnmoQ>r_hm{dÚmc`mg AZwXmZ {_iVo.

{e{~amVrc _mÝ` hmoUmam IM© …

{e{~a Am`mo{OV H$arV AgVmZm gd©gmYmaUnUo Imcrc ~m~tdaIM© hmoV AgVmo.

1. cm°qOJ d ~moS>vJ 2. àdmg ^mS>o 3. {e{~a Am`moOZ ^maVgaH$ma amï´>r` godm ̀ moOZm nwpñVH$oVrc {e{~a Am`moOZm g§~§Yr g§X ©̂ KoVcmAgVm, {e{~amMo Am`moOZ H$arV AgVmZm AmnU Á`m n[agamV {e{~amMoAm`moOZ H$aVmo VoWrc n[apñWVrMm, VoWrc amhUr_mZmMm, {dMma H$éZM


46

{e{~amVrc Amhma d Am{W©H$ {Z`moOZ H$aUo Amdí`H$ Amho Ago {XgVo.

1. cm°qOJ d ~moS>vJ …

{e{~amMo Am`moOZ H$aV AgVmZm ñd §̀godH$m§À`m {Zdmg Am{UOodUmgmR>r IM© hmoV AgVmo. {e{~amWvZm amhÊ`mgmR>r JmdmVrc J«m_n§Mm`VrMremim, _§[Xa [H$dm n§Mm`VrMo g^mJ¥h KoUo Ano[jV Amho. VgoM OodUmgmR>rË`m ^mJmV {H$§dm Odinmg CncãY hmoUmam {H$amUm _mc, ^mOrnmcm dAÞYmÝ` IaoXr H$amdo cmJVo. ñd §̀nmH$ H$aÊ`mgmR>r ñd §̀godH$m§Mr _XV KoUoAno{jV Agco Var 100-150 cmoH$m§Mm ñd §̀nmH$ AmMmè`m§{edm` H$aUogd©M {R>H$mUr eŠ` hmoV Zgë`m_wio ~è`mM {R>H$mUr AmMmar KoUo ^mJnS>Vo d Ë`mgmo~V Ë`m§Zm _XVZrg åhUyZhr BVa cmoH$m§Mr _XV ¿`mdrMcmJVo Aem doiog Ë`m§À`m _mZYZmMm IM© gXa AWerfm©V Q>mH$Uo Ano[jVAmho.

2. àdmg ^mS>o …

{e{~amMo Am`moOZ ho _hm{dÚmc`mnmgyZ H$mhr A§Vamda H$aUo Ano[jVAmho. _hm{dÚmc`mÀ`m AmdmamV {e{~a KoUo {Z`_~mø Amho. Ë`m_wio{e{~a Am`moOZ H$arV AgVmZm ñd §̀godH$m§Mm, g§~§[YV godH$ d {e{~amgôQ>r XoUmè`m§Mm àdmgIM© hmoVmo. gXa àdmgmMm {dMma H$aVm H$_rVH$_r

IMm©V àdmg hmoUo Ano[jV Amho. eŠ` Pmë`mg ñd §̀godH$m§Zr gm`H$cZoàdmg H$amdm Agm C„oI Ho$cocm Amho.

3. Am`moOZ IM© …

gXa AW©erfm©§VJ©V {e{~amgmR>r H$amdm cmJUmam gd© IM© Zm|X{dUoAno[jV Amho. CXm. _hm{dÚmc`mZo JmdmVrc cmoH$m§Mm gd}jU (CXm.amhUr_mZ, ì`dgm`, gw{ejrV, ór-nwéf, hmJUXmar _wŠV Jmd, Am{W©H$CËnÞ, CËnÞmMr gmYZo, Or.Am`.Eg. _°qnJ B.) H$amd`mMo R>aë`mgcmoH$m§Mr _m{hVr EH${ÌV$ H$aÊ`mgmR>r coIZ gm{hË` CncãY H$éZ XoUo


47

Amdí`H$ AgVo. Ë`mgmR>r hmoUmam IM©, H$m ©̀H«$_mMo \$moQ>mo, gr. S>r. BË`mXr.

4. Xò Ho$ / ìhmD$Ma …

{e{~amMo Am`moOZ H$arV AgVmZm ~è`mM doim Xò H$m§À`m AS>MUròVmV. J«m_rU ̂ mJmV dñVy IaoXr H$arV AgVmZm {H$_mZ Xò H$mda H$moUË`m

àH$maÀ`m Zm|Xr H$éZ ¿`mì`mV ̀ m gd© JmoîQ>tMr _m{hVr AgUo JaOoMo Amho.Ë`m_w‹io Imcrc ~m~tMm ñnï> C„oI Agmdm.

1) XwH$mZXmamMo Zmd

2) dñVy {dH$V KoUmè`mMo Zmd

3) VmarI d Xo`H$ H«$_m§H$

4) {dH$V KoVcoë`m dñVyMm Vnerc

5) dñVy§Mr àË`oH$s qH$_V-Xa

6) dñVw§Mr EHy$U qH$_V

7) XwH$mZXmamMr ghr

8) Xò H$mda amoI AWdm YZmXoe {_imcm Agë`mg Vgm ñnï> C„oIAgmdm.

9) Xò H$mMr a¸$_ é. 5000/- da Agë`mg Ë`mda aoìhoÝ ỳ ñQ>°åQ>cmdyZ Ë`mda ghr nm{hOo.

WmoS>Š`mV {H$_mZ Amdí`H$ AgUmè`m JmoîQ>tMr nyV©Vm H$aUo JaOoMoAmho. Xò Ho$ N>mnrc Agcr nm[hOoV Ago Amdí`H$ Zmhr na§Vw {H$_mZ darcZm|Xr AgUo Amdí`H$ Amho.

5. ìhmD$Ma …

{e{~a Am`moOZ H$arV AgVmZm ~è`mM dñVy qH$dm godm ̀ m ñWm{ZH$nmVirda ¿`mì`m cmJVmV. J«m_rU ^mJmV OdiOdi gd© ì`dhma hoamoIrZo/AmoiIrda hmoV AgVmV. H$gcrhr coIr Zm|X Z H$aVm gd© ì`dhma


48

hmoVmV. Ë`m§Zm coIr Zm|XtMr Amdí`H$Vmhr dmQ>V Zmhr. Aem doiog ìhmD$Ma~ZdUo JaOoMo AgVo. CXm. {e{~amV XyY, XiU, ^mOrnmcm, ñd §̀nmH$~ZdÊ`mgmR>r cmH$S>o, eoVH$è`m§H$Sy>Z KoÊ`mV òUmao YmÝ` Aem dñVy§gmR>rìhmD$Ma ~ZdyZ Xò H$mà_mUo Amdí`H$ Ë`m Zm|Xr H$amì`mV. (da Z_yXHo$ë`mà_mUo) CXm. ìhmD$Mada dñVy / godm XoUmè`mMm nÎmm, dñVyMo dU©Z,àË`oH$s qH$_V, EHy$U qH$_V, aoìhoÝ`w ñQ>°ån cmdUo Ano[jV Amho. a¸$_{_imë`mMr Zm|X ghrgh AgUo Amdí`H$ Amho. Ë`mMà_mUo ì`m»`mVmqH$dm godm nwa{dUmè`mMohr Xò H$ CncãY Zgë`mg ìhmD$Ma ~Z{dUo Amdí`H$Amho.

6. coIm Zm|Xr{df`H$ …

{e{~a Am`moOZ hmoV AgVmZm qH$dm Ë`mZ§Va Pmcoë`m IMm©À`mZm|Xr H$aUo Amdí`H$ Amho. gXa Zm|Xr H$aV AgVmZm Amdí`H$ Agë`mgg§~§[YV {d^mJmVrc godH$m§Mr _XV KoÊ`mV ̀ mdr. coIm {d^mJmVrc godH$m§ZmË`mMr gd© _m{hVr Agë`m_wio coIm Zm|Xrhr AMyH$ hmoVrc d g§~[YVgodH$m§Zr {e{~amMo H$m_ Ho$ë`mMo g_mYmZhr {_iVo. gXa H$m_mg§~§Yr dàemgH$s` IMm©gmR>r àË òH$ ñd §̀godH$mà_mUo én ò 10/- à_mUo àemgH$s`_mZYZ d IM© ̀ m AW©erfmªVJ©V VaVyX Ho$ë`mMr Zm|X Amho. gXa {heo~mMrnyV©Vm H$éZ {dÚmnrR>mg \o$~«wdmar AIoa XoÊ`mMr ì`dñWm H$amdr.

{heo~mgmo~V gmXa H$amd`mMr H$mJXnÌo :

1) {dÚmnrR>mH$Sy>Z {e{~amgmR>r àmá Pmcoco nÌ

2) IVmdUr (Ledger, Cash Book) Xo`Ho$ d ìhmD$Ma

3) IMm©Mo {ddaUnÌ (Statement of Expenditure )

4) {d{Z`moJ à_mUnÌ (Utilization Certificate )


49

5) ànÌ "~' (emgZ_mÝ`) (B Form )

6) {e{~a Am`moOZmMm Ahdmc

7) _yi hOoarnÌH$ IMm©Mr Xo`Ho$

8) {e{~amÀ`m {R>H$mUr {H$Vr aH$_oMo H$m_ Ho$co Ë`mMm emgH$s` XmIcm

{d{Z`moJ à_mUnÌ V`ma H$aÊ`mg§~§Yr gyMZm …

1 _hm{dÚmc`mg àW_ hám XoÊ`mV Amcm Ë`mMm C„oI H$aÊ`mV ̀ mdm.

2 _hm{dÚmc`mZo EHy$U Ho$cocm IM©.

3 {Z`_mà_mUo {dÚmnrR>mH$Sy>Z XoÊ`mV òUmar aŠH$_.

4 _hm{dÚmc`mZo Ë §̀mÀ`m {ZYrVyZ {Z`_mnojm OmñV Ho$cocm IM©.

gXa _m{hVr g§H${cV H$aÊ`mgmR>r àË`j {e{~a Am`mo{OV H$aUmè`màmÜ`mnH$m§Zm ôS>gmdUmè`m AS>MUtMm {dMma H$éZ Ë`m§Zr Aem àH$maocoI {chmdm.


50

Following document’s required to University

Regular Activity

1. Covering Letter

2. Statement of Account

3. Utilization Certificate

4. “A” Form

5. List of Students 2 Copies

6. List of Equipments Purchased during the year

7. Up to date List of Equipment

8. Xerox Copy of Bills, Which is more than Rs. 1000/-

9. Students Completed 120 Hours Work Certificate from

Programme Officer and Principal.

10. A, B, CForm

11. Report 2 Copies

12. University Sanction Letter.

SPECIAL CAMP:

1. Covering Letter

2. Statement of Account Signed by Program me Officer,

3. Utilization Certificate Principal and

4. “B” Form Chartered Accountant

5. Original Attendance (Signature of Students)

6. Evaluation Report

7. Report of Camp 2 Copies

8. Xerox Copy of Bills, Which is more than Rs. 1000/-

9. University Sanction Letter


51

NATIONAL SERVICE SCHEMERegular ActivityYear 20......-20.....

UTILIZA TION CERTIFICA TE

Certified that the accounts of the ________________________

_____________________________________ college, National Service

Scheme unit for NSS Regular Activity have been audited by me with

reference to the the norms of expenditure and relevant guidelines there to.

The statement of accounts of the NSS Regular Activities duly signed by

me is enclosed, for te year 20 — - 20——

1. It is hereby certify that the total grant of Rs. ——————/- has

been received by the college.

2. The college has incurred the total expenditure of Rs. —————

-/- for the implementation of the NSS regular activities Scheme.

3. The amount of Rs.——————— /- is receivable to college.

4. And the amount of Rs.——————— /- is to be borne by college

in accordance with the terms and conditions, norms and guidelines

laid down for the purpose.

(The Original Vouchers and stamped recipts for the above mentioned

statement of Accounts are retained in College/Institute officeand will be

made availabe to the University as required)

Programme Officer Principal Chartered Accountant

NSS (Seal) (Seal)


52

NATIONAL SERVICE SCHEME

Regular Activity

Receipts & Payments Account for the year 20——

Name of the college: ________________________________


NSS (Seal) (Seal)

Receipts Amount Payment Bill No SubAmount GrossAmount Rs Date Rs. Rs

A) GroupPocket Allowance@ Rs. 48 per studentAdmin.Charges@ Rs.10 per student

Total @ Rs. 58/- per student

B) Groupi) Implementing Scheme(Snacks, Tea charges)(Name of the party)

Sub Total (i)

ii) Misc. Expenses details(Name of the party)

Sub Total (ii)

iii) Equipment Expenditure(Name of the party)

Sub Total (iii)

B Group Total @ Rs. 152/-

per student

Total Total A+B = 210/-Receipts

GrantReceivedfrom theUniversity(ChequeNo.& Date)

AmountreceivablefromUniversity


53


Special Camp

Year 20——— 20————

UTILIZA TION CERTIFICA TE

Certified that the accounts of the ________________________

_____________________________________college, National Service

Scheme unit for NSS Special Camp have been audited by me With reference

to the norms of expenditure and relevant guidelines there to the statement

of accounts of the NSS Special Camp Activities duly Signed by me is

enclosed, for the year 20 —— 20——

1. It is hereby certified that the total grants of Rs. /- has been

received by the college.

2. The college has incurred the total expenditure of Rs. /- for the

implementation of the NSS Special Camp Activities.

3. The amount of Rs. /- is receivable to college. and

4. And the amount of Rs. /- is to be borne by college in accordance

with the terms and conditions, norms and guidelines laid down

for the purpose.

(The Original Vouchers and stamped recipts for the above mentioned

statement of Accounts are retained in College/Institute officeand will be

made availabe to the University as required)


NSS (Seal) (Seal)


54


NSS (Seal) (Seal)

Receipts Amount Payment Bill No SubAmount GrossAmount Rs Date Rs. Rs

A) Lodging & BoardingCharges

(Name of the party)

Sub Total (A)

B) Transport Charges

(Name of the party)

Sub Total (B)

C) Misc. Expenses

(Name of the party)

Sub Total (C)

Total Total Payment (A to C)Receipts Rs. 590/- Per, Students for 7 Days

GrantReceivedfrom theUniversity(ChequeNo.& Date)

AmountreceivablefromUniversity


Special Camp

Receipts & Payments Account for the year 20....-20....

Name of the college: ________________________________


55

ROFORMA FOR GRANT OF CERTIFICATE UNDER ORDINANCE

NO. 163

This is to certify that Shri./Smt.............................................of University Department of ...................../........................ College............................................................Recognised Institution.

(a) was enrolled in NCC and has passed 1B’ and / or ‘C’ certificateexamination,

(b) was enrolled in NSS and has completed 120 hours of effectivework and attended the necessary number of campus asrequired under NSS programme.

(c) was enrolled in National Physical Efficiency Drive and hasacquired three stars under the programme.

(d) participated in Inter-University Tournaments / Competitionof..........................as a representative of the University ofPune.

(e) participated in National/International Tournaments/ Competitionsof...................................... as a representative of State ofMaharashtra/ India.

(f) has joined Adult Education Programme of the University andcompleted 200 clock hours, work to the satisfaction

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