1. aristotle democracy: – technical term people come to power – development over thousands of...
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Democracy
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1. Aristotle
• democracy: – technical term people come to power
– development over thousands of years
– different theories about democracy
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1. Aristotle
• life history: – lived more then 300 years BC
– Greek philosopher
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1. Aristotle
• theory of democracy
• realized that existing system had no future
• term of democracy: when people, who are poor and free, are the majority and have the power in the state and use it only for their advantage
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1. AristotleThe four steps
1st step
compares different systems of governmentaim of the power: public welfare(good)
aim of the power:Self-interest of the monarch (bad)
one monarch monarchy tyranny
few monarchs aristocracy oligarchy
many monarchs “Politie” democracy
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1. Aristotle
• 2nd step
differences between oligarchy and democracy under following aspects:
– rich or poor
– free or unfree
– majority or minority
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1. Aristotle
• 3rd step
results:– there are different kinds of systems of government
(for example moderate and extreme kinds of democracy)
– you need some preconditions
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1. Aristotle
• 4rd step
best system of government– mixture of democracy and oligarchy ”Politie”
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Theory of Rousseau
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His view of the individual• Free, equal, peaceful
• Property and civilization
conflicts and control
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Theory• All free and moral citizens are part of the
mutual contract
• Unique and valid at all times and forever
• Re-establishment of the liberty and equality of the people before civilization had set in
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Theory• All free and moral citizens are part of the
mutual contract
• Unique and valid at all times and forever
• Re-establishment of the liberty and equality of the people before civilization had set in
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Achievements• Distinction between executive, legislative
and judicial powers
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Problems/ risks• Abuse of power
• Who decides about what is right for the public interest?
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Karl Marx
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sources
http://turnthebeatup.files.wordpress.com/2012/04/wpid-marxism_key_terms3.jpeg
http://socialism.files.wordpress.com/2008/03/marxism_anarchism.jpg
http://www.dradio.de/images/32856/square/