1 © 2001, cisco systems, inc. ios update for swinog 4th chris martin systems engineer cisco...

1© 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

IOS Update for SwiNOG 4th

IOS Update for SwiNOG 4th

Chris Martin

Systems Engineer

Cisco Switzerland

Chris Martin

Systems Engineer

Cisco Switzerland

17th April 200217th April 2002


AgendaAgenda

• Cust.Sat Survey / Quality Initiatives

• High Availability


• High Availability


Customer Sat SurveyCustomer Sat Survey


Five Cisco IOS SW Quality GoalsEmbraced throughout Cisco

Five Cisco IOS SW Quality GoalsEmbraced throughout Cisco

Goal 1 - Reduce regression defects

Goal 2 - Reduce customer-found defects

Goal 3- Reduce total outstanding defects (backlog) in a timely manner

Goal 4 - Increase software release clarity and feature consistency

Goal 5 - Provide feature and maintenance releases with predictable schedules and quality


Goals of IOS RepackagingGoals of IOS Repackaging

• Simplify software selection

process

• Eliminate massive feature

set confusion

• Reduce internal cost

• Simplify software selection

process

• Eliminate massive feature

set confusion

• Reduce internal cost


The Legacy - circa 1996 The Legacy - circa 1996

B e g a n s i m p l y ...

IP

Enterprise (Includes

Desktop and IP)

Desktop (includes IP)

F u

n c

t i

o n

a l

i t

y

• 37 Feature sets and 2500 images

SNA

VOICE

A

T

M

CRYPTO

FW

PLUS


IOS Revenue by Feature SetsIOS Revenue by Feature SetsIOS Revenue by Feature Sets(Based on # of systems shipped

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

Less than 10%of Feature sets count for

90%of revenue (platforms: C800, C1600, C1700, C2500, C2600, C3600, C5x00, & C7x00)

IP

IP+


IOS Image Selection TodayIOS Image Selection Today


IOS Technology Packaging

3 Programs

IOS Technology Packaging

3 Programs

• “Jenny Craig” - streamline IOS code by deprecating older legacy protocols no longer in use

• “IOS Reformation” – Realign IOS to today’s market needs & simplify image selection process

• “IOS Inquisition” - End of life older images which are business justified – about 60%


AgendaAgenda


• High Availability / Resilient IP


• High Availability / Resilient IP


The High Costs of Downtime

The High Costs of Downtime

• The average downtime costs incurred in the past 12 months: $21.6 Million

Ranges from $500,000 to $298M

Equates to an average of $2,169 per minute

• % having experienced downtime costs in the past 12 months: 98%

• The average downtime costs incurred in the past 12 months: $21.6 Million

Ranges from $500,000 to $298M

Equates to an average of $2,169 per minute

• % having experienced downtime costs in the past 12 months: 98%

Source: Sage Research, Aug. 2001


High Availability means five 9’s or more

High Availability means five 9’s or more

AvailabilityAvailability Downtime Per Year Downtime Per Year

99.900%99.900%99.950%99.950%99.990%99.990%99.999%99.999%

99.9999%99.9999%

8 Hours8 Hours4 Hours4 Hours

53 Minutes53 Minutes5 Minutes5 Minutes

30 Seconds30 Seconds

46 Minutes46 Minutes23 Minutes23 Minutes

DPMDPM

10 10 100 100

10001000

1 1

500 500

High Availability means an average end user will experience less than five minutes down time per year

High Availability means an average end user will experience less than five minutes down time per year

What Is High Availability?

Carrier Class Means High Availability


How is Availability Calculated?

How is Availability Calculated?

• Availability (%) is calculated by

tabulating end user outage time, typically

on a monthly basis.

• Some customers prefer to use

DPM (Defects Per Million) to represent

network availability.

• Availability (%) is calculated by

tabulating end user outage time, typically

on a monthly basis.

• Some customers prefer to use

DPM (Defects Per Million) to represent

network availability.


Unscheduled DowntimeUnscheduled Downtime

2,6

5,5

7,6

8,3

8,5

11

11,3

12

12,1

26

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Malicious damage

Acts of nature

Physical environment failures

Congestion/overload

Network software failures

Network operations failures

Unknown

Network hardware failures

Customer premises equipment failure

Physical link failures

hours


Scheduled DowntimeScheduled Downtime

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

8.4

15

15.1

16.7

17.4

23.7

23.9

Other

Device maintenance

Device replacement

New device installation

Site relocation

Parts replacement

Software upgrade

hours


The Edge is the Most Vulnerable


• The Core is redundant enough

to disguise failures.

• The Edge is a Single Point of

Failure.

• The Edge is what the customer

sees.




Failures here may affect thousands of customers

Failures here may affect thousands of customers

To Customers


Phase 1 Target

Phase 2 Target

Components of DowntimeDetect failure

Switchover to redundant RP or Relaod RPReload image, parse config, identify LC in router

Final Initialization, take control of bus

Reload LC image

Converge route table and inform LC of new forwarding information

Restored

Restore connectivity (I.e. Frame Relay, PPP, etc)

Relative Time

COMPONENTS


Delivering HA Features in Phases

Phase 1• c7500 SLCR• Reduce RP failover time (RPR/RPR+)

• Fast S/W Upgrade• Faster FR recovery

Phase 1• c7500 SLCR• Reduce RP failover time (RPR/RPR+)

• Fast S/W Upgrade• Faster FR recovery

Phase 2•Non StopForwarding

•(BGP, OSPF, ISIS) Stateful Switchover

•(cHDLC, PPP, ATM, FR)

Phase 2•Non StopForwarding

•(BGP, OSPF, ISIS) Stateful Switchover

•(cHDLC, PPP, ATM, FR)

Single Line Card Reload (SLCR)

Route Processor Redundancy (RPR)

Reduce MTTR Maintain Sessions Planned Outages

Phase 4•In Service Software Upgrades

Phase 4•In Service Software Upgrades

Phase 3

•Additional protocol support (EIGRP, MLPPP, MPLS, IPv6,TBD)

•Additional platform support (c6500/C7600)

Phase 3

•Additional protocol support (EIGRP, MLPPP, MPLS, IPv6,TBD)

•Additional platform support (c6500/C7600)

DeliveredEFT


Initial Supported PlatformsInitial Supported Platforms

• Phases 1 & 2

Cisco 12000

Cisco 10000 ESR

Cisco 7500

• Phase 3

Cisco 6500/7600

• Future

C7300, AS5850, MGX8850, C10000ubr

• Phases 1 & 2

Cisco 12000

Cisco 10000 ESR

Cisco 7500

• Phase 3

Cisco 6500/7600

• Future

C7300, AS5850, MGX8850, C10000ubr


RPR+ EvolutionRPR+ Evolution

• High System Availability (HSA): Two RPs – if Active RP fails the system reboots and theStandby becomes active

• RPR: Two RPs, Standby becomes active very quickly. However, line cards are reloaded.

• High System Availability (HSA): Two RPs – if Active RP fails the system reboots and theStandby becomes active

• RPR: Two RPs, Standby becomes active very quickly. However, line cards are reloaded.


RPR+ EvolutionRPR+ Evolution

• RPR+: Two RPs, Standby

becomes active very quickly

and without reloading line

cards.

• RPR+ is a stepping stone for

SSO and NSF

• RPR+: Two RPs, Standby

becomes active very quickly

and without reloading line

cards.

• RPR+ is a stepping stone for

SSO and NSF


Stateful Switchover (SSO)

• RPR+ Maintains link state

Session state (I.e. Frame Relay,

PPP, ATM, MPLS) is lost during

RP switchover. Resulting in

“dropped calls” and time to

re-establish connections.


Stateful Switchover (SSO)

• Stateful Switchover passes

state information from the

Active RP to the Standby RP.

Resulting in maintaining

sessions during a RP

switchover.


SSO Protocol SupportSSO Protocol Support

• InitialPPP, cHDLC, ATM, Frame Relay

• Now being developedMLPPPMPLS VPN and TE

• PlannedMulticastLooking for input

• InitialPPP, cHDLC, ATM, Frame Relay

• Now being developedMLPPPMPLS VPN and TE

• PlannedMulticastLooking for input


NSF Protocols SupportNSF Protocols Support

• Initially OSPF and BGP

• Immediately after IS-IS

• Then EIGRP (for initial C6500

support but will support

appropriate router platforms

as well)

• Initially OSPF and BGP

• Immediately after IS-IS

• Then EIGRP (for initial C6500

support but will support

appropriate router platforms

as well)


StandardsStandards

• All work has been submittedto the IETF

• ISIS - draft-shand-isis-restart-00.txt

• BGP - draft-ietf-idr-restart-01.txt

• All work has been submittedto the IETF

• ISIS - draft-shand-isis-restart-00.txt

• BGP - draft-ietf-idr-restart-01.txt


Find it on the WebLearn More About HA

Find it on the WebLearn More About HA

High System Availability (HAS @ C7500):http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/cc/pd/rt/7500/prodlit/haibd_ov.htm

http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios120/12cgcr/fun_c/fcprt3/fc_hsa.htm

http://www.cisco.com/warp/partner/synchronicd/cc/pd/iosw/iore/iore111/prodlit/hsa1_in.htm

Whitepaper on High Availability on Cat6k:http://www.cisco.com/warp/partner/synchronicd/cc/pd/si/casi/ca6000/tech/hafc6_wp.htm

High Availability @ the Edge (C10000):http://www.cisco.com/warp/partner/synchronicd/cc/pd/rt/10000/prodlit/c1hae_wp.htm

Route Processor Redundancy Plus (C12000):http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios120/120newft/120limit/120st/120st17/rpr_plus.htm

1 © 2001, cisco systems, inc. ios update for swinog 4th chris martin systems engineer cisco...

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