1 © 1999 the ohio state university & worth publishers. introductory psychology lectures a...

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1 © 1999 The Ohio State University & Worth Publishers. Introductory Psychology Lectures A series of PowerPoint lectures to accompany the introductory psychology textbooks offered by Worth publishers Editor: Harvey G. Shulman, Ph.D. Subcortical Structures Joe Williams The Ohio State University Department of Psychology

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Page 1: 1 © 1999 The Ohio State University & Worth Publishers. Introductory Psychology Lectures A series of PowerPoint lectures to accompany the introductory psychology

1© 1999 The Ohio State University & Worth Publishers.

Introductory Psychology Lectures

A series of PowerPoint lectures to accompany the introductory psychology textbooks offered by Worth publishers

Editor: Harvey G. Shulman, Ph.D.

Subcortical Structures

Joe Williams

The Ohio State University

Department of Psychology

Page 2: 1 © 1999 The Ohio State University & Worth Publishers. Introductory Psychology Lectures A series of PowerPoint lectures to accompany the introductory psychology

2© 1999 The Ohio State University & Worth Publishers.

Subcortical Brain Structures

Subcortical - underneath the cortex hypothalamus and pituitary

basal ganglia

limbic system

hindbrain and brainstem structures

Page 3: 1 © 1999 The Ohio State University & Worth Publishers. Introductory Psychology Lectures A series of PowerPoint lectures to accompany the introductory psychology

3© 1999 The Ohio State University & Worth Publishers.

Hindbrain Structures

Cerebellum Brainstem

medulla reticular formation pons

Page 4: 1 © 1999 The Ohio State University & Worth Publishers. Introductory Psychology Lectures A series of PowerPoint lectures to accompany the introductory psychology

8© 1999 The Ohio State University & Worth Publishers.

Thalamus

Relay station in brain Processes most

information to and from higher brain centers

Page 5: 1 © 1999 The Ohio State University & Worth Publishers. Introductory Psychology Lectures A series of PowerPoint lectures to accompany the introductory psychology

9© 1999 The Ohio State University & Worth Publishers.

The Limbic System

Hypothalamus Amygdala Hippocampus

Page 6: 1 © 1999 The Ohio State University & Worth Publishers. Introductory Psychology Lectures A series of PowerPoint lectures to accompany the introductory psychology

10© 1999 The Ohio State University & Worth Publishers.

Hypothalamus

Contains nuclei involved in a variety of behaviors sexual behavior hunger, thirst sleep water and salt balance body temperature

regulation circadian rhythms role in hormone

secretion

Page 7: 1 © 1999 The Ohio State University & Worth Publishers. Introductory Psychology Lectures A series of PowerPoint lectures to accompany the introductory psychology

11© 1999 The Ohio State University & Worth Publishers.

Hypothalamus and Hunger

Damage to the ventromedial hypothalamus leads to overeating

Page 8: 1 © 1999 The Ohio State University & Worth Publishers. Introductory Psychology Lectures A series of PowerPoint lectures to accompany the introductory psychology

12© 1999 The Ohio State University & Worth Publishers.

Hypothalamus and Hormones

Hypothalamus releases hormones or releasing factors which in turn cause pituitary gland to release its hormones

Page 9: 1 © 1999 The Ohio State University & Worth Publishers. Introductory Psychology Lectures A series of PowerPoint lectures to accompany the introductory psychology

13© 1999 The Ohio State University & Worth Publishers.

Amygdala

Inputs come from all senses

Amygdala ‘reads’ emotional significance of inputs

Output influences such functions as heart rate, adrenaline release

Page 10: 1 © 1999 The Ohio State University & Worth Publishers. Introductory Psychology Lectures A series of PowerPoint lectures to accompany the introductory psychology

14© 1999 The Ohio State University & Worth Publishers.

Amygdala and Emotion

Identify emotion from facial expressions

Amygdala damage makes this task difficult

Page 11: 1 © 1999 The Ohio State University & Worth Publishers. Introductory Psychology Lectures A series of PowerPoint lectures to accompany the introductory psychology

15© 1999 The Ohio State University & Worth Publishers.

Hippocampus

Important in forming new memories

Page 12: 1 © 1999 The Ohio State University & Worth Publishers. Introductory Psychology Lectures A series of PowerPoint lectures to accompany the introductory psychology

16© 1999 The Ohio State University & Worth Publishers.

Basal Ganglia

Slow, deliberate movements

Parkinson’s disease is the result of abnormalities in the basal ganglia

Page 13: 1 © 1999 The Ohio State University & Worth Publishers. Introductory Psychology Lectures A series of PowerPoint lectures to accompany the introductory psychology

17© 1999 The Ohio State University & Worth Publishers.

Dopamine

Involved in movement, attention and learning

Dopamine imbalance also involved in schizophrenia

Loss of dopamine- producing neurons is cause of Parkinson’s disease

Page 14: 1 © 1999 The Ohio State University & Worth Publishers. Introductory Psychology Lectures A series of PowerPoint lectures to accompany the introductory psychology

18© 1999 The Ohio State University & Worth Publishers.

Parkinson’s Disease

Results from loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra

Symptoms include difficulty starting and stopping voluntary

movements tremors at rest stooped posture rigidity poor balance

Page 15: 1 © 1999 The Ohio State University & Worth Publishers. Introductory Psychology Lectures A series of PowerPoint lectures to accompany the introductory psychology

19© 1999 The Ohio State University & Worth Publishers.

Parkinson’s Disease

Treatments L-dopa transplants of fetal dopamine-producing

substantia nigra cells adrenal gland transplants electrical stimulation of the thalamus has

been used to stop tremors

Page 16: 1 © 1999 The Ohio State University & Worth Publishers. Introductory Psychology Lectures A series of PowerPoint lectures to accompany the introductory psychology

20© 1999 The Ohio State University & Worth Publishers.

Copyright

Copyright 1999 by Worth Publishers, New York, NY and by The Ohio State University. All rights reserved. No part of the material protected by this copyright may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission of the copyright owners.