SOMEHIGHLIGHTS OF S.R.I. RESEARCH

IN INDONESIA

Iswandi Anas, D. K. Kalsim, Budi I. Setiawan, Yanuar and Sam Herodian -- Bogor Agricultural University (IPB)

Presented at workshop on S.R.I at Ministry of Agriculture,

Jakarta, June 13, 2008

CONTRIBUTORS FOR S.R.I. IN INDONESIA

REMARKS:

• S.R.I. IS A WORK IN PROGRESS NEEDING RESEARCH AND PARTICIPATION OF STAKEHOLDERS

• S.R.I IS NOT EVERYTHING, BUT SURELY IT IS A GOOD ALTERNATIVE

• NO INTENTION TO ADOPT S.R.I. TECHNOLOGY IN ALL INDONESIAN RICE FIELDS

• S.R.I. CAN BE : INORGANIC, ORGANIC , OR MIXED – IT IS NOT NECESSARILY OR ALWAYS ‘ORGANIC’

S.R.I. IN INDONESIA• MANY RICE PRODUCING TECHNOLOGIES ARE AVAILABLE: PTT (INTEGRATED

CROP MANAGEMENT)• S.R.I IS ANOTHER ALTERNATIVE FOR INDONESIAN FARMERS

• INTRODUCED IN 1997 TO MOA BY PROF. DR NORMAN UPHOFF (CRIFC, BOGOR, WEST JAVA)

• MOA PLAYs IMPORTANT ROLE IN DISSEMINATION OF S.R.I . -- DIR-GEN / LAND AND WATER MANAGEMENT (PLA) SUPPORTS TRAINING FOR 1,300 HA OF ORGANIC S.R.I . IN PROJECT IN TASIKMALAYA (APRIL 2008)

DIT. GEN . FOOD CROPS IS BEING INVOLVED IN S.R.I.

Presented at workshop on S.R.I at Ministry of Agriculture, Jakarta, June 13, 2008

INSTITUTIONS AND UNIVERSITIES

DISIMP /NIPPON KOEI (SATO-SAN) IN EASTERN INDONESIA (NTT, NTB, BALI) SINCE 2002

UNIVERSITIES: BOGOR AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY (DEPTS. of SOIL, AGRONOMY, IRRIGATION WATER AT IPB); ITB, UNPAD, UNAND, AND OTHERS

PRIVATE COMPANIES SUCH AS MEDCO, SAMPOERNA

Presented at workshop on S.R.I at Ministry of Agriculture, Jakarta, June 13, 2008

RICE YIELDS

.

Presented at workshop on S.R.I at Ministry of Agriculture, Jakarta, June 13, 2008

FIELD REPORT (DISIMP, 2006)

YIELD INCREASEFROM DIFFERENT PLACES

8 PROVINCES:• >13,000 FARMERS

• 9,000 HA

• >70% YIELD INCREASE

A

Yield

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

100 % NPK Straw + 25 %NPK

Straw + 50 %NPK

Straw

Conventional

SRI+Straw

Productive Tiller

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

100 % NPK Straw + 25 %NPK

Straw + 50 %NPK

Straw

Conventional

Part of SRI

Sugiyanta , 2008 (IPB)

CONVENTIONAL 5.0 T/HA

S.R.I. 7.5 T/HA

Presented at workshop on S.R.I at Ministry of Agriculture, Jakarta, June 13, 2008

Number of tillers

Presented at workshop on S.R.I at Ministry of Agriculture, Jakarta, June 13, 2008

TILLER NUMBER: S.R.I EXPERIMENT AT SAMPOERNA ENTREPRENEURSHIP TRAINING CENTER, PANDAAN,

EAST JAVA, 2008 (Herodian, et al .2008)

AGE (DAT) NON-S.R.I. S.R.I SRI GUNTING

30 X 30 CM

S.R.I. GUNTING

ORGANIC S.R.I

0 9 1 1 1

10 9 1 2 2

20 13 2 4 4

30 25 6 15 11

40 26 12 31 20

50 21 17 44 36

60 17 29 56 73

70 13 32 54 77

S.R.I EXPERIMENT AT SAMPOERNA ENTREPRENEURSHIP TRAINING CENTER,

PANDAAN, EAST JAVA, 2008 (Herodian, et al .2008)

Presented at workshop on S.R.I at Ministry of Agriculture, Jakarta, June 13, 2008

PARAMETERS NON-S.R.I. S.R.I SRIGUNTING(30 X 30 )

S.R.I.GUNTING

ORGAN-IC

S.R.I

NO. PRODUCTIVE TILLERS 23 15 19 54NO. GRAINS PER PANICLE 33 166 154 215WEIGHT 1,000 GRAINS (g) 25.0 27.5 29.7 31.7YIELD AT HARVESTING (T/HA)

5.7 9.3 8.3 10.8

YIELD (DRY GRAIN AT 14% WATER CONTENT) (T/HA)

5.5 8.9 8.0 10.5

UNIVERSITY OF ANDALAS, PADANG(Musliar Kasim et al., 2007-2008)

• S.R.I average of 9.67 T/ha

• Titonia as source of organic fertilizer

• Variety Sirandah Kuning, 11 T/ha (Rozen, 2008)

• YIELD INCREASES REPORTED FROM EAST, MIDDLE AND WEST

IRRIGATION WATER

SETIAWAN AND GARDJITO (2008);KALSIM (2007)

Presented at workshop on S.R.I at Ministry of Agriculture, Jakarta, June 13, 2008

INTERMITTENT IRRIGATION SAVES WATER BY 30%

SHIN AND LEE (2006)

S.R.I. PRACTICE SAVES WATER BY 40%

KALSIM ET AL., (2007)SETIAWAN ET AL., (2008) (IPB)

S.R.I SAVES MORE IRRIGATION WATER

KEY POINTS: SUCCESS OF P.T.T. (INTEGRATED CROP MANAGEMENT) AND S.R.I BOTH DEPEND ON MANAGABLE IRRIGATION WATER

RA0_ Solar radiation RA1_ Air temperature RA2_ Humidity RA3_ Soil moisture

SOPHISTICATED FIELD SERVER MONITORING AGENT: S.R.I. EXPERIMENT (SETIAWAN AND MIZOGUCHI 2008)

SOIL BIOTA

NARASWARI AND ISWANDI (2008))

Presented at workshop on S.R.I at Ministry of Agriculture, Jakarta, June 13, 2008

S.R.I IS RELATED TO SOIL BIOTA

S.R.I IS RELATED TO GHG EMISSION

S.R.I IS RELATED TO RICE YIELD

Presented at workshop on S.R.I at Ministry of Agriculture, Jakarta, June 13, 2008

SRI EXPERIMENT AT NAGRAK ORGANIC S.R.I TRAINING CENTER

Presented at workshop on S.R.I at Ministry of Agriculture, Jakarta, June 13, 2008

ENVIRONMENT

GREENHOUSE GASESSOIL AND WATER POLUTION??

Presented at workshop on S.R.I at Ministry of Agriculture, Jakarta, June 13, 2008

GHG- AGRICULTURAL SECTOR.JAPAN & KOREA: << CHINA, INDIA, INDONESIA, THAILAND >> CH4 EMITTING COUNTRIES =26 – 35% TOTAL GHG EMISSIONS OF THE COUNTRY)

NO MITIGATION OPTIONS APPLIED BY FARMER

NO ENCOURAGEMENT FROM THE GOVERNMENT

Japan (2004)1,355 MtCO2

Korea (1990)289 MtCO2

China (1994)4,058 MtCO2

Indonesia (1994)323 MtCO2

India (1994)1,214 MtCO2

Thailand (1994)224 MtCO2

Energy

Industrial Processes

Waste

Agriculture

2% 15%4%

28%26% 35%

GHG INVENTORIES IN SOME ASIAN COUNTRIES

YAGI (2006)Data source:

UNFCCC Report

GHG EMISSION RELATED TO WATER MANAGEMENT

LITERATURE

SATURATED VS FLOODED: REDUCE CH4 EMISSION BY 24%

MORE N2O EMISSION BY 99%,

MORE RICE YIELD BY 12%

SUPRIHATI AND ISWANDI (2007)

MID-SEASON DRAINAGE REDUCED GHG EMISSION 26%

MULTIPLE DRAINAGE REDUCED GHG EMISSION BY 34%

WASSMANN ET AL. (2000) - IRRI

CHIDTHAISONG (2006) - THAILAND

FARMER INCOME

S.R.I. VS NON-S.R.I.

Presented at workshop on S.R.I at Ministry of Agriculture, Jakarta, June 13, 2008

No. DISTRICT S.R.I. NON-S.R.I.1 MANGGARAI BARAT 6,710 1,8752 MANGGARAI 6,395 1,7273 NAGEKEO 7,727 2,8924 EMDE 7,343 1,5305 SUMBA TIMUR 6,757 1,9276 TTS 1,906 47

AVERAGE 6,140 1,670

FARMER NET INCOME (NIPPON KOEI/ BUDIHARTO, 2007) (000 rupiah/ha)

Presented at workshop on S.R.I at Ministry of Agriculture, Jakarta, June 13, 2008

IN THE FUTURE

SRI IS WORK IN PROGRESSA LOT OF RESEARCH IS

NEEDED, SUCH AS ON:AGRONOMY AND SOIL; PESTS AND DISEASES; WEED CONTROL; RICE VARIETIES; ORGANIC FERTILIZERS; ENVIRONMENT IMPACTS; WEEDING TOOLS; IRRIGATION AND WATER EFFICIENCY

PRODUCTION IS NOT EVERYTHINGNEED RESEARCH ALSO ON: • FARMER INCOME• SOCIOLOGY AND GENDER,• ANTHROPOLOGY

NEED ALSO:• COLLABORATION AMONG

DIVERSE STAKEHOLDERS

NAGRAK S.R.I (ORGANIC) TRAINING CENTER, SUKABUMI

EXPERIENCED TRAINERS, EXCELLENT FACILITIES, PRIMA SERVICES

ORGANIC RICE, ORGANIC FERTILIZER

Contact :AHMAD JATIKAjatika@ecofarmingvillage.com

HP: 0818 0718 5508

ORGANIC S.R.I:

FERTISMART (KUJANG AMANAH TANI)

ORGANIC FERTILIZER(DR Z. SUDJAIS)

COMMUNICATION FORUM: Ina-SRI.budindra@yahoo.comaiswandi@indo.net.id

ACKNOWLEDGEMETS

1. MINISTER OF AGRICULTURE DR. ANTON APRIYANTONO2. DIRECTOR GENERAL OF FOOD CROPS AND STAFF3. PROF. DR. NORMAN UPHOFF AND MR. S. SATO4. SUPPORT FROM: PT PUPUK KUJANG, PT KUJANG AMANAH TANI, DISIMP (MR S. SATO/VICTOR LEE),

RAHMAN SUBANDI, MAPORINA (DR Z. SOEDJAIS), Ina-SRI, 5. ORGANIZING COMMITTEE (DIRECTOR OF PLANT PROTECTION AND STAFF)