05 - 3 protectors
DESCRIPTION
esp protectorTRANSCRIPT
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Introduction to Protectors
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Protector FunctionsProtector FunctionsProtector FunctionsProtector Functions
The Protector has five primary functions:
Couples the torque developed in the motor to the intake via
the protector shaft.
Prevents entry of well fluid into the motor.
Provides pressure equalization.
Houses the bearing to carry the down thrust developed by
the pump(s).
Provides a reservoir for the thermal expansion of the motors
oil
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Protector TypesProtector TypesProtector TypesProtector Types
Labyrinth - uses the difference in specific
gravity of the well fluid and the motor oil to
keep them apart even though they are in
direct contact
Positive Seal designed to physically
separate the well fluid and motor oil
Elastomer bag
Metal bellows
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Protector ComponentsProtector ComponentsProtector ComponentsProtector Components
Filter
Thrust Bearing
Bag Chamber
Shaft Seal
Bearing
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Labyrinth Type ProtectorsLabyrinth Type ProtectorsLabyrinth Type ProtectorsLabyrinth Type Protectors
Protector oil specific gravity is .85
As long as well bore SG is heavier, labyrinth path works to isolate
motor fluid from well bore
Labyrinth type protectors not recommended to be installed in a
deviated or cycling well
Ineffective in well bore deviations > 55 degrees
Excessive cycling reduces protector ability to isolate fluids
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STARTSTOPSTARTSTOPEXCESSIVESTARTING STOPPING OCCURS
EXCESSIVESTARTING STOPPING OCCURS
EXCESSIVESTARTING STOPPING OCCURS
EXCESSIVESTARTING STOPPING OCCURS
EXCESSIVESTARTING STOPPING OCCURS
EXCESSIVESTARTING STOPPING OCCURS
EXCESSIVESTARTING STOPPING OCCURS
EXCESSIVESTARTING STOPPING OCCURS
EXCESSIVESTARTING STOPPING OCCURS
EXCESSIVESTARTING STOPING OCCURS
EXCESSIVESTARTING STOPPING OCCURS
EXCESSIVESTARTING STOPPING OCCURS
EXCESSIVESTARTING STOPPING OCCURS
EXCESSIVESTARTING STOPPING OCCURS
EXCESSIVESTARTING STOPPING OCCURS
LABYRINTH TYPE PROTECTOR
HOW DOES IT WORK
MotorOnce well fluid enters motor its only a matter of time before it burns
Protector
Intake
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Labyrinth Protectors Labyrinth Protectors Labyrinth Protectors Labyrinth Protectors
---- LimitationsLimitationsLimitationsLimitations
There will be cases where a labyrinth will simplynot work. In cases where the well fluid is lightergravity than the motor oil (i.e. about 0.85), themotor oil will go to the bottom of the chamber rather than the top causing the motor fluid tobe displaced by well fluid pretty quickly.
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Labyrinth Protectors also will not work in horizontal or highlydeviated wells. The gravity separation design requires the unitto be mostly upright. This Protector can operate in some amountof deviation but the expansion volume is somewhat reduced.
Labyrinth Protectors Labyrinth Protectors Labyrinth Protectors Labyrinth Protectors
---- LimitationsLimitationsLimitationsLimitations
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Positive Seal Type ProtectorsPositive Seal Type ProtectorsPositive Seal Type ProtectorsPositive Seal Type Protectors
Elastomer bag creates a positive barrier to well bore
Bag expands and contracts to meet motor demand
Check value opens at 3-5 psi to release pressures inside bag.
Elastomer must be selected to match well temperature and fluid
properties
Works in vertical or deviated wells
Should never be rerun
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Protector
START
35 PSI35 PSI35 PSI35 PSI35 PSI35 PSI35 PSI35 PSI35 PSI35 PSI
STOPSTART
35 PSI
STOPTorn or leak
(Could be seal failure)
Positive Seal Protector
How does it work ?
Bags Contracts
due to getting less
oil inside
LSBPB(Labyrinth Series Bag Parallel Bag)
MOTOR GETS BURNED
Temperature increaseTemperature decreaseTemperature increaseTemperature decrease
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The positive seal Protector offers a great deal of flexibility aThe positive seal Protector offers a great deal of flexibility aThe positive seal Protector offers a great deal of flexibility aThe positive seal Protector offers a great deal of flexibility and is useful in a nd is useful in a nd is useful in a nd is useful in a
wide variety of applications.wide variety of applications.wide variety of applications.wide variety of applications.
One area where care needs to be taken with this type of ProtectoOne area where care needs to be taken with this type of ProtectoOne area where care needs to be taken with this type of ProtectoOne area where care needs to be taken with this type of Protector is with r is with r is with r is with
harsh well chemicals as may be experienced with a treatment progharsh well chemicals as may be experienced with a treatment progharsh well chemicals as may be experienced with a treatment progharsh well chemicals as may be experienced with a treatment program.ram.ram.ram.
As with any oil field elastomer, care must be taken to ensure that the
rubber will not be damaged by anything it will encounter in the well.
Positive Seal Protectors Positive Seal Protectors Positive Seal Protectors Positive Seal Protectors
LimitationsLimitationsLimitationsLimitations
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The positive seal Protector offers a great deal of flexibility aThe positive seal Protector offers a great deal of flexibility aThe positive seal Protector offers a great deal of flexibility aThe positive seal Protector offers a great deal of flexibility and is useful in a nd is useful in a nd is useful in a nd is useful in a
wide variety of applications.wide variety of applications.wide variety of applications.wide variety of applications.
One area where care needs to be taken with this type of ProtectoOne area where care needs to be taken with this type of ProtectoOne area where care needs to be taken with this type of ProtectoOne area where care needs to be taken with this type of Protector is with r is with r is with r is with
harsh well chemicals as may be experienced with a treatment progharsh well chemicals as may be experienced with a treatment progharsh well chemicals as may be experienced with a treatment progharsh well chemicals as may be experienced with a treatment program.ram.ram.ram.
As with any oil field elastomer, care must be taken to ensure that the
rubber will not be damaged by anything it will encounter in the well.
Positive Seal Protectors Positive Seal Protectors Positive Seal Protectors Positive Seal Protectors
LimitationsLimitationsLimitationsLimitations
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Protector Elastomer Selection
Temp. Limit (Deg F)*
Water/OilHydrogen SulfideAminesPolar ChemicalsCarbon Dioxide
Nitrile250
11342
Carboxy-Nitrile275
13342
HSN300
113
1-22
Viton350
24434
Aflas400
11132
Neoprene
Relative Chemical Resistance Properties
REDA Elastomer Application Guidelines
*Temperature Limit above indicates maximum operating temperature for thespecific REDA compound. An elastomeric component will operate at atemperature higher than the well ambient temperature depending on its location in the equipment. Contact REDA for specific application assistance.
1 = Excellent long term resistance (very low swell/maintains very high physical properties)2 = Good long term resistance (moderate swell/maintains high physical properties)3 = Fair - depends upon exposure time and temperature (good short term resistance)4 = Poor - no resistance even in short term
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Another function of the Protector is to absorb the thrust generaAnother function of the Protector is to absorb the thrust generaAnother function of the Protector is to absorb the thrust generaAnother function of the Protector is to absorb the thrust generated by the ted by the ted by the ted by the
pump. It can either be pump. It can either be pump. It can either be pump. It can either be upthrustupthrustupthrustupthrust or or or or downthrustdownthrustdownthrustdownthrust, depending on the pumping , depending on the pumping , depending on the pumping , depending on the pumping
conditions. conditions. conditions. conditions.
Protector Function #2Protector Function #2Protector Function #2Protector Function #2
Downthrustbearing
Upthrustbearing
ThrustRunner
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The thrust bearing works on hydrodynamic lubrication principle. The thrust bearing works on hydrodynamic lubrication principle. The thrust bearing works on hydrodynamic lubrication principle. The thrust bearing works on hydrodynamic lubrication principle. The runner The runner The runner The runner
carrying the thrust forces is riding on a hydrodynamic oil film carrying the thrust forces is riding on a hydrodynamic oil film carrying the thrust forces is riding on a hydrodynamic oil film carrying the thrust forces is riding on a hydrodynamic oil film created by the created by the created by the created by the
relative motion between the runner and the bearing.relative motion between the runner and the bearing.relative motion between the runner and the bearing.relative motion between the runner and the bearing.
There are three types of bearingThere are three types of bearingThere are three types of bearingThere are three types of bearing
Reda Reda Reda Reda offers. offers. offers. offers.
Standard bearing Standard bearing Standard bearing Standard bearing Babbitt (lead based)Babbitt (lead based)Babbitt (lead based)Babbitt (lead based)
HL Bronze bearing HL Bronze bearing HL Bronze bearing HL Bronze bearing ---- (9000 LBS (9000 LBS (9000 LBS (9000 LBS 540 series, 60 HZ)540 series, 60 HZ)540 series, 60 HZ)540 series, 60 HZ)
HL bearing HL bearing HL bearing HL bearing Polymer coated tilting pad bearing Polymer coated tilting pad bearing Polymer coated tilting pad bearing Polymer coated tilting pad bearing
(12000 LBS (12000 LBS (12000 LBS (12000 LBS 540 series, 60 HZ)540 series, 60 HZ)540 series, 60 HZ)540 series, 60 HZ)
Protector Function #2Protector Function #2Protector Function #2Protector Function #2
Downthrustbearing
Upthrustbearing
ThrustRunner
Reaction Force
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One other function which the Protector carries out is One other function which the Protector carries out is One other function which the Protector carries out is One other function which the Protector carries out is transmission of the motor transmission of the motor transmission of the motor transmission of the motor transmission of the motor transmission of the motor transmission of the motor transmission of the motor
torque to the pumptorque to the pumptorque to the pumptorque to the pumptorque to the pumptorque to the pumptorque to the pumptorque to the pump since it is physically located between the two.since it is physically located between the two.since it is physically located between the two.since it is physically located between the two.
Although this may seem a little trivial, inAlthough this may seem a little trivial, inAlthough this may seem a little trivial, inAlthough this may seem a little trivial, in
the the the the selection processselection processselection processselection processselection processselection processselection processselection process we need to be we need to be we need to be we need to be
certain that the Protector shaft is certain that the Protector shaft is certain that the Protector shaft is certain that the Protector shaft is
capable of capable of capable of capable of delivering the full torquedelivering the full torquedelivering the full torquedelivering the full torquedelivering the full torquedelivering the full torquedelivering the full torquedelivering the full torque
required without exceeding its yield required without exceeding its yield required without exceeding its yield required without exceeding its yield
strength which could result in a strength which could result in a strength which could result in a strength which could result in a
broken shaft.broken shaft.broken shaft.broken shaft.broken shaft.broken shaft.broken shaft.broken shaft.
Protector Function #3Protector Function #3Protector Function #3Protector Function #3
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Modular protectors are a combination of
several protector types
L type (LLLLabyrinth)
B type (Elastomer BBBBag)
M type (MMMMetal Bellows)
Which are combined in
S (series) adds redundancy
P (parallel) adds capacity
HL designates high load thrust bearing
Example: LSMPM has a labyrinth chamber in
series with two bellows in parallel
Modular Protectors Modular Protectors Modular Protectors Modular Protectors Naming ConventionNaming ConventionNaming ConventionNaming Convention
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Modular ProtectorsModular ProtectorsModular ProtectorsModular Protectors
LSBPB BPBSLLSLSL
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The Modular Protectors are available in:The Modular Protectors are available in:The Modular Protectors are available in:The Modular Protectors are available in:
400 Series (4.00 "), 400 Series (4.00 "), 400 Series (4.00 "), 400 Series (4.00 "),
540 Series (5.13 ") and 540 Series (5.13 ") and 540 Series (5.13 ") and 540 Series (5.13 ") and
562 Series (5.62 "). 562 Series (5.62 "). 562 Series (5.62 "). 562 Series (5.62 ").
Both the 540 and 562 series have the same top and Both the 540 and 562 series have the same top and Both the 540 and 562 series have the same top and Both the 540 and 562 series have the same top and
bottom flange and can either be run on a 540 or 562 bottom flange and can either be run on a 540 or 562 bottom flange and can either be run on a 540 or 562 bottom flange and can either be run on a 540 or 562
motor without adapters.motor without adapters.motor without adapters.motor without adapters.
The 400 Series is designed to be run on the 456 Series The 400 Series is designed to be run on the 456 Series The 400 Series is designed to be run on the 456 Series The 400 Series is designed to be run on the 456 Series
motor without an adapter.motor without an adapter.motor without an adapter.motor without an adapter.
The Modular ProtectorThe Modular ProtectorThe Modular ProtectorThe Modular Protector
400 540 562 400 540 562 400 540 562 400 540 562
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Modular Protector Application - Chamber Configuration
Assumes use of standard materials for configurations listed. Use normalguidelines for application of high load bearings and ferritic housings.
(A) Applicability improves with correct elastomers for higher temp. service, usually Aflas for seal elastomers, o-rings, & bags.(B) Those that deteriorate specific elastomers used.
Application Type L LSL LSLSL B LSB
Fluids (B)
LSBPB BSL BSBSL BPBSLBHT < 250 F250 F < BHT < 300 F
(A)G < 0.82Intermittent OperationDeviated WellMiscible Well FluidHP < 50HP < 150HP > 150Aggressive Well
4 4 4 4 4 4
4 4 44 44 4 44 4 4
44 4 4 44 4 4 4
1 = Excellent 2 = Good 3 = Fair 4 = PoorKey:
2 2 22
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2 2 22 2 2 2 2
2 2 22 22 22 2
1 1 1 1 1 1
11 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 11 1 11 1 1
3 333333
LSBSB
3
2
2
223
21133
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REDA Protector Bottomhole Temperature Limits
200 F 225 F 250 F 275 F 300 F
400/456540/562
400/456540/562
ModularStandard
ModularAFLAS
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Protector Load Ratings vs. Temperature for REDA 2 Oil
400 Series Protector
Hi Ex Bearing
Bronze Bearing
0
2,500
5,000
7,500
10,000
L
o
a
d
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L
B
f
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60 Hz and Above 50 Hz
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Bottom Hole Temp (F)
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Protector Load Ratings vs. Temperature for REDA 2 Oil
540 Series Protector
60 Hz and Above 50 Hz
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Bottom Hole Temp (F)
5,000
7,500
10,000
12,500
15,000
L
o
a
d
(
L
B
f
)
Hi Ex Bearing
Bronze Bearing
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Protector Load Rating vs. Temperature for REDA 2 Oil
562 Series Protector
60 Hz and Above 50 Hz
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Bottom Hole Temp (F)
Hi Ex Bearing
20,000
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
L
o
a
d
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L
B
f
)
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Protector Power Consumption for REDA 2 Oil
Est. Power Consumed at 200 F BHT
Thrust Load in Pounds
0 4000 6000 8000 14000
4
3
2
1
0
H
o
r
s
e
p
o
w
e
r
400 Series
540 Series
562 Series
2000 10000 12000
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Advanced ProtectorAdvanced ProtectorAdvanced ProtectorAdvanced Protector
Addresses protector performance in
severe well conditions and is available in
three different configurations
High Temp > 350 degF BHT
High H2S and chemical resistant
Abrasive resistant
Protects protector head (shaft seals and
bearings) against abrasion and solids
Improves protector shaft stability even in
benign environments
Both HT and H2S configurations are
using metal bellows to replace the
rubber bags
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Use of ceramic bearing to reduce vibration.
Use dual bearing in protector head for better
radial stability
New abrasive resistant head design including:
Sand shroud to protect mechanical seal.
Dual ceramic bearing
Elevated mechanical shaft seal
Drain holes to prevent sand / solids from
accumulating in the protector head
High pressure check valve.
Pre-shimmed protector shaft
Advanced Protector FeaturesAdvanced Protector FeaturesAdvanced Protector FeaturesAdvanced Protector Features
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Vulcan System FeaturesVulcan System FeaturesVulcan System FeaturesVulcan System Features
Offered only as a complete system
Rated to 425 degF Bottom hole temperature
and 475 degF internal oil temperature
System tested up to 500 DegF BHT under full
motor loading
Using metal bellows for motor oil
compensation
Using metal bellows shaft seals
Using Khemraz HighTemp. O-rings
Motor and protector using special oil having
high viscosity at high temperature
Protector components (shaft, housing,
thrust bearing, .) materials selected to
minimize stresses caused by different
thermal expansion coefficients
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Metal BellowsMetal BellowsMetal BellowsMetal Bellows
Replace HSN/AFLAS bags with Inconel 625 LCF
bellows
to provide positive barrier to H2S and gas
to provide better performance in high
temperature
Welded Inconel bellows rated to 100,000 full cycles
Bellow capacity = .5 Gallons
Special spread sheet developed for bellow sizing
Can be reused during protector repairCurrent Design New Design
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Metal Bellows Shaft SealsMetal Bellows Shaft SealsMetal Bellows Shaft SealsMetal Bellows Shaft Seals
Replace HSN/AFLAS bellows with
Inconel 625 bellows to provide positive
barrier to H2S.
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Sour and Chemical Resistant ProtectorSour and Chemical Resistant ProtectorSour and Chemical Resistant ProtectorSour and Chemical Resistant Protector
Rated to 30 % (Maximum) H2S
Reduce dependence on elastomers by using
metal bellows for motor oil compensation.
The metal bellow is an effective H2S barrier
Using metal bellows shaft seals
Protector components (shaft, housing, thrust
bearing, .) materials selected to minimize
chemical attack
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Technical Feature SummaryTechnical Feature SummaryTechnical Feature SummaryTechnical Feature Summary
XUse of Use of Use of Use of Chemraz Chemraz Chemraz Chemraz OOOO----ringsringsringsrings
XUse special High Temperature OilUse special High Temperature OilUse special High Temperature OilUse special High Temperature Oil
XXXFactory shimmed shaft to eliminate field shimmingFactory shimmed shaft to eliminate field shimmingFactory shimmed shaft to eliminate field shimmingFactory shimmed shaft to eliminate field shimming
XXXUse of high pressure relief valve to ensure valve closureUse of high pressure relief valve to ensure valve closureUse of high pressure relief valve to ensure valve closureUse of high pressure relief valve to ensure valve closure
XXXSolid shield over head bearings for abrasion resistanceSolid shield over head bearings for abrasion resistanceSolid shield over head bearings for abrasion resistanceSolid shield over head bearings for abrasion resistance
XXXCeramic journal bearing for abrasion resistanceCeramic journal bearing for abrasion resistanceCeramic journal bearing for abrasion resistanceCeramic journal bearing for abrasion resistance
XXXDual head bearings for shaft seal supportDual head bearings for shaft seal supportDual head bearings for shaft seal supportDual head bearings for shaft seal support
XXUse of high load thrust bearings with no copper partsUse of high load thrust bearings with no copper partsUse of high load thrust bearings with no copper partsUse of high load thrust bearings with no copper parts
XXUse of metal bellows shaft sealUse of metal bellows shaft sealUse of metal bellows shaft sealUse of metal bellows shaft seal
XXReplacement of elastomer bag with metal bellowsReplacement of elastomer bag with metal bellowsReplacement of elastomer bag with metal bellowsReplacement of elastomer bag with metal bellows
AbrasionAbrasionAbrasionAbrasionChemicalChemicalChemicalChemicalHigh TempHigh TempHigh TempHigh TempFeatureFeatureFeatureFeature
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Key Technical IssuesKey Technical IssuesKey Technical IssuesKey Technical Issues
Ceramic shaft bearing reduce abrasive
wear
Shaft bushing subject to wearAbrasion
New head design prevents solid
accumulation and protects seals
solids accumulation in protector head will
damage shaft seal
Solids
Dual bearing ceramic support for the shaft
reduces vibration
Shaft seals will leak if shaft is not properly
supported
Vibration
Inconel metal bellow will handle most
chemicals
Elastomer bag will be affected by some
chemical attacks
Chemical
Metal bellow is an effective H2S and gas
barrier
Rubber bag is not an effective H2S or gas
barrier
H2S
Metal bellow is not affected by
temperature.
High temperature is causing
elastomer material to become brittle.
High Temp
Advanced ProtectorAdvanced ProtectorAdvanced ProtectorAdvanced ProtectorCurrent ProtectorsCurrent ProtectorsCurrent ProtectorsCurrent Protectors
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SpecificationsSpecificationsSpecificationsSpecifications
Compatible with current product lineConstruction
-40 to 120 F Surface Temperature
50F to 425F with up to 0% H2S
50F to 250F with up to 5% H2S
50F to 200F with up to 30% H2S
Well bore Temperature
130F to 475F with up to 0% H2S
130F to 300F with up to 5% H2S
100F to 250F with up to 30% H2S
Operating Temperature
0 - 30 %H2S Content
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Advanced Protector ApplicationsAdvanced Protector ApplicationsAdvanced Protector ApplicationsAdvanced Protector Applications
High Temperature Applications High Temperature Applications High Temperature Applications High Temperature Applications (up to 425 Deg F BHT) Part of the Vulcan system Steam injection (Steam Assisted Gravity Drain SAGD)
Geothermal applications
H2S wells and wells where protector is exposed to aggressive cheH2S wells and wells where protector is exposed to aggressive cheH2S wells and wells where protector is exposed to aggressive cheH2S wells and wells where protector is exposed to aggressive chemicalsmicalsmicalsmicals High H2S wells
Wells requiring some special types of chemical treatments
Wells having protector failures due to gas presence
Abrasive ApplicationsAbrasive ApplicationsAbrasive ApplicationsAbrasive Applications Sand and solid production
Well where run life will be improved by better stabilizing the protector shaft
Benign ConditionsBenign ConditionsBenign ConditionsBenign Conditions Extend run life by reducing vibration and better protecting motor against well fluid