03) working model of a computer

8/16/2019 03) Working Model of a Computer

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Working Model of the

Computer

Department of Mathematics&

Computer ScienceFaculty of Natural Sciences

The Open University of Sri Lanka5/22/16 DMCS 1


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Working Model of theComputer

What happens when you turn on your computer?

When you switch on the computer it will undergo an

operation called bootstrap which loads initial instructionsthat are required to start the computer.

Then it checks the equipments connected to computer for

its correct size and the health if it is ok then it will proceed

to next step. The self checking operation is called POT!power on self test".

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Cont…

#omputer will check the instructions stored in $%O !basicinput output system" to look for computer program

!operating system" which is the main computer program

control all the computer acti&ities. This operating system

can be either stored in remo&able media or in a disk inside

computer.

'fter loading the operating system to computer

memory it will process the operating instructions gi&en

to it either by user or by a scheduled computerprogram.

The process of step ( to ) is called booting process of

a #omputer.

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Types of ComputersDesktop personal computers

•Designed to meet the computer needs ofan individual•Fits on a desk and runs on power from anelectrical wall outlet.

Laptop

• A portable, compact computer that canrun on an electrical wall outlet or a

battery unit.• All components (keyboard, mouse, etc.)are in one compact unit.•Usually more epensive than a desktop.

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PDA (Personal Digital Assistant).• A computer that fits into a pocket,runs on batteries, and is used whileholding the unit in your hand.•!ypically used as an appointment book,

address book, calculator, and notepad.

Mobile Phone

•"ost of the capabilities closer tocomputers.

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Essential Components of aComputer

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Monitor

Keyboard

Mouse

System Unit


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Cont…


Data Input viaKeyboard andMouse

Data ProcessDisplay

Output


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Computer Software &Hardware

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oftware*ardware


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What is Software?


oftware is a useful set of instructionsthat is written by human which runs on

computer in order to do a useful task ortasks


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Cont…

•#o software in computers•$omputers worked from themechanical input%punchedcard inputs and produced theoutput, processing ofmaterials all built on tohardware itself

•"ore user interaction•&un on specific hardware e' f you have a program

that can write to ahard disk but it needs to bemodified to write to a floppy

disk and so on.5/22/16 Sample footer 1

%nput *ardware Output

%nput oftware Output

*ardware


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•oftware should support allthe e*uipment fitted in tocomputer •+rogram became etensivelybig•Developer should know allthe e*uipment that can be

fitted

•perating system handlesthe coordination with

e*uipments•t provides the environment

for other program to run•oftware should run on thesingle operating system

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%nput oftwareupporting

*ardware

Output

*ardware

%nput Operating

ystemOutput

*ardware

oftware


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Classications of Softwarerograms

• 'llows end users to accomplishone or more specific task

'pplicationoftware

• *elps run the computerhardware and computer system

ystemoftware

• program or an application thatsoftware de&elopers use to

create+ debug+ maintain

Programming

oftware5/22/16 12

03) working model of a computer

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