024 - ceragon - 802.1q - presentation v3.2
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Introduction to 802.1 P/Q
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Prerequisites
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Prior to taking this module, trainee should be familiar with thefollowing:
•Ethernet Topologies
•OSI 7 a!ers model
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Agenda "genda
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" a!er # Proto$ol whi$h enables enhan$ed
traffi$ maneu%ers :
• Prioriti&ation
• 'iltering• Pro%isioning• (apping )e*g* + "T( tofrom ET-.
/hat is 0"12
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/hat is 0"12
3egular ET- networks forward broad$ast frames to all endpoints
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0"1 networks forward broad$ast frames onl! to pre+defined ports)Profile (embership.
0"1 4
0"1 567
Swit$h ports
/hat is 0"12
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• reaking large networks into smaller parts )'ormation of %irtual workgroups.
• Simplified "dministration )no need for re+$abling when user mo%es.
• Impro%ing road$ast 8 (ulti$ast traffi$ utili&ation
• (apping e9pensi%e ba$kbones )"T(. to simpler 8 $heaper ET- ba$kbones
• Se$urit! establishing tunnels trunks through the network for dedi$atedusers )traffi$ between 0"1s is restri$ted.*
"d%antages of 0"1
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efore we start e9plaining bit b! bit, what is 0"1
and how does it work, let us re%iew first the
stru$ture of a regular ET- frame
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Length / Type < 1500 + Parameter indi$ates number of ;ata !tes
Length / Type > 1536 + Parameter indi$ates Proto$ol T!pe )PPPoE, PPPo", "3P et$*.
Preamble +SFD
DA SA Length / !"e DAA + PAD F#S
< !tes < !tes= !tes # !tes 6< + 45>> !tes6 !tes
)?#+bit
@3@.
'@S is $reated b! the sender and re$al$ulated b! the re$ei%er
Minimum 64 Bytes < FRAME SIE < M!"imum 151# Bytes
Antagged Ethernet 'rame
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• "dditional information is inserted
• 'rame si&e in$reases to 45## !tes
Tagged Ethernet 'rame
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4 Bytes
TPI; B Tag proto$ol I;
T@I B Tag @ontrol Information
@'I B 4 bit $anoni$al 'ormat Indi$ator
Preamble + SFD DA SA Length / !"e DAA + PAD F#S
? it 4 it 4# it
#I
#FI
$LA% A&
P'A& $LA% ID
PID (
0)8100
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0"1 I; uses 4# bits, therefore the number of ma9imum 0"1s is
6>CC<• 0I; > B reser%ed
• 0I; 6>C>+6>C< B reser%ed )dedi$ated for IP+4>s internal purposes su$h as (1F et$*.• 0I; 4 B default
• "fter tagging a frame, '@S is re$al$ulated
• @'I is set to > for ET- frames, 4 for Token 3ing to allow T3 frames o%er
ET- ba$kbones )some %endors ma! use @'I for internal purposes.
Tagging a 'rame
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Protocol t!"e $alue
agged Frame 0)8100
A*P 0)080
Q'in'Q ,#IS#- 0)8100
Q'in'Q ,otherendor
0)88A8
Q'in'Q ,otherendor
0)100
Q'in'Q ,otherendor
0)200
*A*P 0)803
IP 0)0800
IP 0)8DD
PPPo4
0)88/0)88
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6PLS0)8857/0)8858
IS'IS 0)8000
LA#P 0)880
802.1) 0)8884
TPI; in tagged frames in alwa!s set to
>9=4>>
It is important that !ou understand the
meaning and usage of this parameter
ater when we dis$uss GoS, we shall
demonstrate how 8 wh! the s!stem
audits this parameter
TPI; ET-E3+T!pe Proto$ol T!peH
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E%er! swit$h port is asso$iated with spe$ifi$ 0"1 membership
• P3O eas! $onfigured• @O1 no user mobilit!
'or e9ample ports 4,# 8 $an see ea$h other but $annot PI1F
other ports )different 0"1 membership.
0"1 (embership: ! Port
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
VLAN 1
V L A N
2 2
V L A N
5
V L A N
3 3 3
V L A N
9
V L A N
1 0 0
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P3O user mobilit!, no
re$onfiguration when P@mo%es
@O1 needs to be assigned
initiall!, not an eas! task
with thousands of
endpoints
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0"1 (embership: ! ("@
>>:#>:=f:6>:45:?4
>>:#>:=f:6>:45:?>>>:#>:=f:6>:45:ef
00$33$e%$3#$01$&3
00$33$e%$3#$01$&500$33$e%$3#$01$!0
VLAN 44
VLAN 5
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(embership is based on the a!er ? header
1o pro$ess of IP address is done
(ain disad%antage longer o%erall throughput
0"1 (embership: ! Subnet )? 0"1.
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4>*4>*4>*4#
4>*4>*4>*4##4>*4>*4>*4?
11'1'1'10'1&
11'1'1'10'&311'1'1'10
VLAN 44
VLAN 5
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$LA% aare
Sitch
;e%i$e unaware of 0"1s
transmits untagged
)regular. ET- frames
Swit$h tags the ingress
frames with 0I; a$$ording
to spe$ifi$ Tagging
me$hanism
"$$ess Port a port whi$h is not aware of 0"1s
)@annot tag outgoing frames or un+tag in$oming frames.
A
Port T!pes
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;e%i$e unaware of 0"1s
transmits untagged
)regular. ET- frames
Swit$h tags the ingress frames with 0I; a$$ording to
spe$ifi$ Tagging me$hanism
Swit$h un+tags frames with 0I; re$ei%ed from network
and deli%ers untagged frames to "$$ess ports
Trunk Port a port whi$h is aware of 0"1s
)@an tag or un+tag in$oming frames.
$LA% aare
SitchA
Port T!pes
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$LA% aare
Sitch
Trunk Port $an $arr! tagged frames with different 0I;s*This requires Port (embership $onfiguration*
A
A A
hi "ort i not a member o9 the run:
"ort memberhi" lit; hence;tra
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• "dditional 0"1 )S+0"1. is inserted
• 'rame si&e in$reases to 45#< !tes
G+in+G
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4 Bytes
Preamble +SFD
DA SA Length / !"e
DAA +PAD
F#S
? it 4 it 4# it
#FI
S '$LA%
PID (
0)88A8
P'A& $LA%ID
#I
#FI
P'A&$LA%ID
#I PID (
0)8100
# '$LA%
4 Bytes
? it 4 it 4# it
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$LA%
aare Sitch
G+in+G )"*J*"* ;ouble TaggingH0"1 En$apsulationH.
Enhan$ed se$urit! not e9posing original 0I;
Impro%ed fle9ibilit! of 0I; in the network
)Ingress 0I; was alread! assigned in the network.
#% P%
K
Port T!pes
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Introdu$tion to GoS @oS
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/e $an e9tend the benefits of "T( GoS into Ethernet "1s to guarantee Ethernet priorities
a$ross the "T( ba$kbone* " # swit$h or ? router reads in$oming =>#*4p or IP ToS priorit!bits, and $lassifies traffi$ a$$ordingl!*
To mat$h the priorit! le%el with the appropriate "T( ser%i$e $lass and other parameters, the
swit$h then $onsults a mapping table with pre+defined settings*
@3
03
A3
P+Tag <
P+Tag 6
P+Tag >
(apping "T( GoS o%er ET- @oS )3'@ 46=?.
Core
Site
Hub
Site
Tail site
RNC
BSC/MSC
FibeAir
IP-10
n x T1/E1
FE/E
E
E
ST!1/
"C3
"T(
3outer
MPLS
Router IP-10
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(apping ET- to (PS and %i$e %ersa
Core
Site
Hub
Site
Tail site
RNC
BSC/MSC
FibeAir
IP-10
n x T1/E1
FE/E
E
E
ST!1/
"C3
ST!1/
"C3
MPLS
Router
MPLSRouter IP-10
IP+4>s # swit$h $an take part in the pro$ess of transporting
ser%i$es through (PS $ore
'ramesser%i$es are mapped to (PS 'E@s a$$ording to:
• 0"1 I; mapped to (PS ELP bits
• 0"1 P+it mapped to (PS ELP bits
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IngreP'ag
%umber o9 Aailable ra
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• The default priorit! used for transmission b! end stations is >
• /ith a single queue, there are no $hoi$es* "ll traffi$ is est Effort
• (ultiple queues are needed to isolate 1etwork @ontrol from the user data traffi$
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0"1 P+it 3emap )Traffi$ @lasses.
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"$ron!ms
• ET- Ethernet• 1I@ 1etwork Internet @ard• 0I; 0lan I;• 0"1 0irtual "1• P+T"F Priorit! Tag, Priorit! its
• @'I @anoni$al 'ormat Indi$ator • TPI; Tag Proto$ol Identifier • '@S 'rame @he$k Sequen$e• ;" ;estination "ddress• S" Sour$e "ddress
• GoS Gualit! of Ser%i$e
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"sso$iated IEEE Standards
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• IEEE 802.3 = 4thernet ,6a). 9rame i>e ( 1318 b!te
• IEEE 802.3ac = 4thernet ,(a9* frame si&e B 45## b!tes.
• IEEE 802.1 d = 6A# ?ridge @rt introduced the conce"t o9Filtering Serice in a bridged local netor:
• IEEE 802.1 q = $LA% agging
• IEEE 802.1 p = Priorit! agging / 6a""ing
• I444 802.1ag = -A6 ,#F6
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Thank !u "
trainingceragon.com
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