02. modular relay design concepts - ge grid solutions · high-speed power system current and...
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02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts11
The ‘The ‘Universal Relay’Universal Relay’ Family Family
“The engine for substation“The engine for substation
automation”automation”
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts22
The Challenges of the ‘Universal Relay’
Feeder
Transformer
Generator
Transmission
Line
Cost ($)
Performance
UniversalRelay Busbar
Protection
Control
Metering
Monitoring
Diagnostics
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts33
Hardware Architecture Overview
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts44
High-Speed Data BusHigh-Speed Data Bus
Power Supply
CPU
Main Processor
DSP & M
agnetics
DSP processor + CT/VTs
DIG
ITAL I/O
Status Inputs / Control Outputs
ANALOG I/O
Analog Transducer I/O
COMMUNICATIO
NS
(Ethernet, HDLC, UART)
DisplayDisplay
KeypadKeypad
LED
Modules
LED
ModulesLED
Modules
LED
ModulesLED
Modules
LED
Modules
Modular HMI Panel
Universal Relay Architecture -
‘Modularity’
Six Basic Modules
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts55
19’’ Chassis
(4RU high)
Physical Realization
Power Supply
CPU
Main Processor
DSP & M
agnetics
DSP processor + CT/VTs
DIG
ITAL I/O
Status Inputs / Control Outputs
ANALOG I/O
Analog Transducer I/O
COMMUNICATIO
NS
(Ethernet, HDLC, UART)
ModularHMI
High-Speed Data BusHigh-Speed Data Bus
Modules
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts66
Modularity...Power Supply
Power Supply
•HALT/HAST limits
•-40 - 130°C
•High Efficiency SMPS
•> 80%
CPU
CPU
Main Processor
•High-speed 32-Bit RISC
CPU
•> 50 MIPS, up to 120 MIPS
•FLASH memory
•Easy firmware upgrades
•High-Speed Comms
support
•10/100Mbps Ethernet LAN
•Redundant Fiber
DSP + CT/VT
DSP & M
agnetics
DSP processor + CT/VTs
•Modular CT/VT configurations
• up to 8 CT/VTs
•High-speed digital sampling
•>16 Bit A/D
•> 64 samples / power cycle
•High-speed 16-Bit DSP
•> 32 MIPS, up to 80 MIPS
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts77
•Control outputs
•Solid State
•Electromechanical -
multiple types
•Fast activation
speeds (< 4ms)
•Status inputs
•Dry and Wet contacts
•18 - 300 VDC
•Fast detection
speeds
(< 4ms)
DIG
ITAL I/O
Status Inputs / Control Outputs
Digital I/O
•Transducer type inputs
•± dcmA
•±Voltage
•Resistive
•Outputs for Legacy SCADA
•± dcmA
•Support multiple I/O
configurations
Analog I/O
ANALOG I/O
Analog Transducer I/O
Communications
COMMUNICATIO
NS
(Ethernet, HDLC, UART)
•High-speed Serial
•Asynchronous (9600 - 115K
Baud)
•Synchronous (56K - 256K Bps)
•Fiber Optical (Single/Multi
mode)
•Channel Redundancy
Modularity... !
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Inter-Module Communications
High-Speed Data Bus
High-Speed Inter-Processor Serial Data Bus: 16Mbps
High-Speed Serial Communications Bus: 10Mbps
High-Speed Parallel Data Bus: 80 - 100 Mbytes/sec
Multiple buses allow for high-performance:
•Protection and communications without
bottlenecks
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts99
Scalability
Minimum
Maximum
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts1010
‘Box’ Capacity
CT/VT (I & V) inputsup to 3 modules
Status (Binary) inputs
up to 6 modules
Control (contact) outputs
up to 6 modules
Analog (Transducer) I/Oup to 3 modules
24 (max)
8/module
96 (max)
16/module
48 (max)
8/module
24 (max)
8/module
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts1111
Configuration/Flexibility
Sub-Modules
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts1212
Sub-Module Types
Current & Voltage
Control and Status I/O
Analog (Transducer) I/O
CT, VT
Optical, DigitalFuture
Future
Form-A
Form-C
Solid-State
Wet/Dry Input
Customer
±±±±1mA, 4-20mA, 0-5mA
RTD (Pt, Ni, Cu)
±±±±5V, Resistive
Future Customer
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts1313
‘Upgradeability’/Serviceability
CT Shorting
‘Clips’
Field Wiring
Undisturbed
Module
Keying
‘Plug n Play’
Easy Module
Draw-out
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts1414
Software Architecture Overview
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts1515
Architecture - Modular Software
Modular, flexible hardware architecture requires software to support it.
Major functional elements
required:•Protection Elements
•Metering Elements
•Monitoring Elements
•Programmable Logic and I/O control
•Data and Event capture/storage
•HMI programmability
•Communications
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts1616
Modular Software: ‘Object Oriented’ Design
Protection
• TOC
• IOC
• Distance - Mho
• Distance - Quad
• Distance - Lens
• Differential - Xfrmr
• Differential - Bus
• Differential - Line
• Frequency - df/dt
• Frequency - Under
• Volts/Hz
Class
Objects
of the
Class
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts1717
Building Applications: ‘Object Oriented’ Design
Protection Metering MonitoringControl HMI Comms
Classes
Application
Software
Common
Core
Software
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts1818
A Common Platform: Modular H/W and S/W
Feeder Line TransformerGenerator
Busbar ControlPower
Quality
Application Software
Monitoring
Diagnostic
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Communications Capabilities
Overview
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts2020
UR Communications ProfilesModbus/TCP/IP/Ethernet UCA 2.0 (MMS/Ethernet)
Modbus/UART/(RS485, RS232, Fiber)
RFC1006 - Presentation
IEEE 802.3 (10BaseFL)
MMS
RFC1006 - Session
TP4
CLNP
IEEE 802.2 (CSMA/CD)Ethernet
RS232, RS485, Fiber
UART - 8 Bits, 1 Stop Bit, No Parity
Modbus
NOT Implemented/Required
MMS, Modbus
TCP/ IP, UDP
IEEE 802.3 (10BaseFL)
NOT Implemented/Required
IEEE 802.2 (CSMA/CD)Ethernet
Telecom: DS0 (64kbps), T1, E1
RS422, G.703, Fiber
HDLC
Proprietary, Modbus,
NOT Implemented/Required
PHYSICAL
DATA LINK
NETWORK
TRANSPORT
SESSION
PRESENTATION
APPLICATION
PHYSICAL
DATA LINK
NETWORK
TRANSPORT
SESSION
PRESENTATION
APPLICATION
PHYSICAL
DATA LINK
TRANSPORT
SESSION
PRESENTATION
APPLICATION
NETWORK
PHYSICAL
DATA LINK
NETWORK
TRANSPORT
SESSION
PRESENTATION
APPLICATION
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts2121
The UCA Substation
10Mbps
Dual Ethernet
Fiber Hubs
Interoperable
IEDs
Slower
Legacy Devices
use Gateway
Access to:
•Enterprise
•Internet
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts2222
UCA - ‘Peer-to-Peer’
•UCA 10/100Mbps LAN Response time: 4 ms
•UR Relay 1 Response time = 2 ms•UR Relay 2 Response time = 2 ms
8 ms
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts2323
Input Activated
Relay #1
Trip Output Activated
Relay #2
GOOSE Message
Universal Relay - ‘Peer-to-Peer’ performance
< 8ms, Event-to-Output
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts2424
Inter Substation Communications
FSC(Fiber Optic SystemCommunications)
• SONET Technology: 51/155 Mbps• Ethernet LAN ‘Bridging’ capability• Creates single Ethernet WAN
• Redundant channels ensure reliability
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts2525
Configuration Tools
&
Capabilities:
•FlexLogic™
•‘Sources’
•URPC
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts2626
Analog
Inputs
Protection
FlexLogicT M Virtual
Outputs
Virtual
Inputs
Remote
Inputs
(GOOSE)
Digital
Inputs
Digital
Inputs
Keypad
All Comm.
Links/
Protocols
All Comm.
Links/
Protocols
841705AC.CDR
Breaker
Relay 2
UR C60Transformer
Relay 3
UR T60
High-Speed Peer-to-Peer LAN (UCA2/Ethernet)
CTs
VTs
Analog
52
Physical
Outputs
Mechanical
Solid State
Auxiliary
Outputs
48-250VDCPower
Supply
Breaker
HARDWARE
FIRMWARE
PROGAMMABLE
ARCHITECTURE
UR IED
A/D
DSP
Computed
Parameters 25
50
87
Control
Relay 1
UR F60 Feeder
Ethernet LAN
Remote
Outputs
(GOOSE)
UR Functional ArchitectureUR Functional Architecture
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts2727
UR UR FlexLogicFlexLogic™ Architecture™ Architecture
RemoteRemote
InputsInputs
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts2828
UR UR FlexLogicFlexLogic™ Example™ Example
Voting Logic SchematicVoting Logic Schematic
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts2929
URUR FlexLogic FlexLogic™ Example™ Example
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts3030
URUR FlexLogic FlexLogic™ Example™ Example
Time Time OvercurrentOvercurrent Acceleration Acceleration
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts3131
URUR FlexLogic FlexLogic™ Example™ Example
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts3232
Concept of ‘Sources’
‘Sources’ is a concept used in the Universal Relay to:
•Simplify the configuration and usage of multiple 3Ø I & V inputs (up to 24)
•Group 3Ø I & V inputs into a ‘source’ to be used by Metering and Protectionelements
•Numerically sum 3Ø currents from different CTs on the power system
•Perform Synch-Check by grouping appropriate VT inputs for comparison
A W 51PΣΣΣΣ
V
I
Source
Metering Protection
Universal Relay
I
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts3333
CT1 CT2
VT1
50BF50BF
67P
50P
W
Breaker-and-a-Half Scheme
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts3434
CT1 CT2
VT1
50BF
RELAY
50BF
RELAY
50P
67P
Protective Relay
External
Summation
W
Traditional Relay Application
AMPSVOLT
02. M
odular R
elay Design Concepts
02. M
odular R
elay Design Concepts
35
35
Power Supply
CPUMain Processor
DIGITAL I/OStatus Inputs / Control Outputs
DIGITAL I/OStatus Inputs / Control Outputs
DIGITAL I/OStatus Inputs / Control Outputs
High-Speed Data Bus
COMMUNICATIONS(Ethernet, HDLC, UART)
VT1
CT1 CT2
DIGITAL I/OStatus Inputs / Control Outputs
DSP & MagneticsDSP processor + CT/VTs
DSP & MagneticsDSP processor + CT/VTs
Universal R
elay Solutio
n Using ‘Sources’
Universal R
elay ‘b
ox’
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts3636
VT1
S
V
I
I
S
I
I
VCT1
CT2
50BF
50BF
S
I
I
V
50P 67P
Source #1
Source #2
Source #3
Physical 3-phase
I &V Inputs
CT1
CT2
CT1
CT2
Configure Sources
(done via settings)
VT1W
Universal Relay
‘Sources’ Configuration
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts3737
VT1
27P
W
50/
51
CT4
81
W
50/
51
CT3
81
W
50/
51
CT2
81
W
50/
51
CT1
81
W
50/
51
81
CT5
51W
Multiple Feeder + Busbar
02. M
odular R
elay Design Concepts
02. M
odular R
elay Design Concepts
38
38
Power Supply
CPUMain Processor
DIGITAL I/OStatus Inputs / Control Outputs
DIGITAL I/OStatus Inputs / Control Outputs
DIGITAL I/OStatus Inputs / Control Outputs
High-Speed Data Bus
COMMUNICATIONS(Ethernet, HDLC, UART)
VT1
CT1 CT2 CT3 C
T4 CT5
DSP & MagneticsDSP processor + CT/VTs
DSP & MagneticsDSP processor + CT/VTs
Universal R
elay Solutio
n using ‘Sources’
Universal R
elay ‘b
ox’
DSP & MagneticsDSP processor + CT/VTs
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts3939
‘Sources’ Configuration
VT1
S
V
I
I
CT1
CT2
CT3
50/51 81S
I
I
V
Source #1
Physical 3-phase
I &V Inputs
CT1
Configure Sources
(done via settings)
CT4
CT5
VT1
CT1
VT1
CT1
VT1
CT1
VT1
CT1
VT1
W
CT1..CT5VT1
50/51 81Source #2
W
50/51 81Source #3
W
50/51 81Source #4
W
50/51 81Source #5
W
51 27PSource #6
WUniversal
Relay
S
I
I
V
S
I
I
V
S
I
I
V
S
I
I
V
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts4040
F35 Multiple Feeder Relay
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts4141
URPC - One common tool for the UR Family
Settings
Metering
FlexLogic™
Oscillography Single-Line
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts4242
Future Development
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts4343
Internet
UR + UCA + Internet = New Possibilities
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts4444
Internet Communications NOW!
Test a UR F60
Feeder Management
Relay over the Internet
View/Retrieve:•Metering
•Events•Oscillography
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts4545
• L60 (Transmission Line: Phase Comparison)
• L90 (Transmission Line: Current Differential)
• D60 (Transmission Line: Distance)
• F60 (Feeder: Comprehensive w Hi-Z)
• T60 (Transformer: Comprehensive)
• C30 (Control IED)
• C60 (Breaker Management IED)
TRANSMISSION
DISTRIBUTION
The UR Family - One common Architecture
• URPC (Entry Level HMI, Engineering Tool)
• PMCS (Full Featured Systems HMI)
• G60 (Generator: Comprehensive > 100MVA)
• B30 (Busbar: Basic 6 Feeder )
• B90 (Busbar: Comprehensive - up to 30 Feeders)
GENERATION (Available in 2000)
SYSTEMS SOFTWARE
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts4646
Universal Relay
Protection Highlights
&
Benefits
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts4747
The Universal Relay Family -Protection Highlights
•High-speed power system current and voltage sampling:•64 samples per cycle ( e.g. 3.84 KHz @ 60Hz)
•High speed Protection:
•elements calculated 8 x per cycle (e.g. every 2ms @ 60Hz)
•High accuracy metering:•0.25% of reading from 0.1xCT to 2.0xCT
•Oscillography:
•Up to 128 cycles (up to 1024 cycles available with memory expansion)
•Sequence of Events Recorder:•Up to 1024 event records, time stamped to microsecond precision
•High speed peer-to-peer UCA2 communications:
•10Mbps UCA2 LAN, Fast ‘GOOSE’ control messaging
•FlexLogic™ for customization of schemes utilizes ‘virtual’ (remote) I/O:•Allows for distributed programmable scheme logic via LAN across entire
substation
•‘Sources’ concept simplifies the configuration of multiple 3Ø I & V inputs•Numerically sum 3Ø currents from different CTs on the power system
Common to entire family:
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts4848
The Universal Relay Family -Protection Highlights
•F60 (Feeder Management Relay)•Comprehensive feeder protection with high-speed, sub-cycle fault clearance
•Multiple high-speed bus transfer trip schemes•Improved ‘Hi-Z’ downed conductor detection (2x sensitivity)
•F35 (Multiple Feeder Management Relay)
•5 Feeders with busbar voltage, 6 Feeders without busbar voltage•IOC, TOC, Underfrequency, Undervoltage, 4-shot configurable recloser
•T60 (Transformer Management Relay)
•High-speed, dual-slope, % differential protection (up to 6 windings)•‘Dynamic Inrush Restraint’- proper operation for inrush OR energizing onto fault
•‘Loss-of-Life’ management
•C60 (Breaker Management Relay) •Breaker failure + synch-check + reclose for dual breakers
•Breaker monitoring and diagnostics
•C30 (Controller IED) •Utility ‘hardened’ programmable logic controller and sensor concentrator
•Discrete I/O and transducer I/O (e.g. dcmA -1 to 20mA, RTDs)
DISTRIBUTION
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts4949
TRANSMISSION
The Universal Relay Family -Protection Highlights
• L60 (Line Phase Comparison Relay) •New algorithm digitally mimics traditional analog approach with improvements
•Support for multiple schemes (7 currently defined)•Support for new and legacy power line carrier equipment (CSxx, RFL)
• L90 (Line Current Differential Relay)
•High-speed, sub-cycle fault clearance•‘Adaptive Elliptical Restraint’ - improved sensitivity without compromising security
•‘Self-Synchronizing’ algorithm - does not require common external clock source
• D60 (Line Distance Relay) •State-of-the-art digital filtering adapted to deal specifically with CCVT transients
•Excellent transient overreach control (< 5%) for lines with CCVTs and high SIRs
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts5050
The Universal Relay Family -Benefits
• No more stranded relay investments: • Upgradeable to future technology,
• Scalable and configurable to changing requirements• Easy ‘serviceability’ via plug-n-play modules
• Reduced integration and learning costs:
• Reduced system integration cycle time due to common platform for all devices• Reduced learning curve cycle because of common “look & feel” across family
• Reduced wiring costs by utilizing high-speed UCA2 LAN communications• Protection, control, metering & monitoring in one ‘box’
• Substation automation ready:
• Supports multiple high-speed 10Mbps LAN options - UCA2, Modbus/TCP/IP, DNP3.0• Supports communication via WAN or via Internet.
• Supports high-speed legacy serial communications - (i.e. RS485 up to 115Kbps)• Supports multiple telecom multiplexer (i.e. SONET) interfaces: G.703, RS422, Fiber
• Support for continuous monitoring and diagnostics:
• Interfaces directly to transducers for Breaker, Transformer and LTC ‘health’ monitoring• Platform for future built-in diagnostics capability
• Provides continuous data retrieval capability via LAN, WAN or Internet
Common to entire family:
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts02. Modular Relay Design Concepts5151
The The Universal Relay™Universal Relay™ Family Family
www.ge.com/indsys/pmwww.ge.com/indsys/pm