01_oea000100 lte air interface

8/20/2019 01_OEA000100 LTE Air Interface

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Copyright © 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

LTE Air Interface

Copyright © 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page2

Contents

1. The Air interface

2. LTE Radio Interface General Principles

3. Dynamic Resource Allocation

4. Intra LTE Mobility


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Contents






Contents

1. The Air Interface

1.1 Evolution of Cellular Networks

1.2 3GPP Releases

1.3 Radio Interface Techniques

1.4 Transmission Modes

1.5 Spectrum Usage

1.6 Channel Coding in LTE

1.7 Principles of OFDM


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Contents



1.2 3GPP Releases



1.5 Spectrum Usage

1.6 Channel Coding in LTE1.7 Principles of OFDM


Evolution of Cellular Networks


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Second Generation Mobile

Systems


Third Generation Mobile Systems


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Fourth Generation Mobile Systems

Key IMT Advanced Features

A high degree of commonality of functionality worldwide while retaining the flexibility to

support a wide range of services and applications in a cost efficient manner.

Compatibility of services within IMT and with fixed networks.

Capability of interworking with other radio access systems.

High quality mobile services.

User equipment suitable for worldwide use.

User-friendly applications, services and equipment.

Worldwide roaming capability.

Enhanced peak data rates to support advanced services and applications (100Mbit/s for high

and 1Gbit/s for low mobility were identified as targets).


Fourth Generation Mobile Systems


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Contents



1.2 3GPP Releases



1.5 Spectrum Usage



3GPP Releases

EDGE

473.6kbit/s


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Release 8 - HSPA+ and LTE


Release 9 and Beyond


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Contents



1.2 3GPP Releases

1.3 Radio Interface Techn iques


1.5 Spectrum Usage



Radio Interface Techniques


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Orthogonal Frequency Division

Multiple Access


Contents



1.2 3GPP Releases



1.5 Spectrum Usage

1.6 Channel Coding in LTE

1.7 Principles of OFDM


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Transmission Modes

Frequency Division Duplex


Transmission Modes

Time Division Duplex


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Contents



1.2 3GPP Releases



1.5 Spectrum Usage



LTE Release 8 BandsBand Duplex FDL_low

(MHz)

FDL_high

(MHz)

NOffs-DL NDL FUL_low

(MHz)

FUL_high

(MHz)

NOffs-UL NUL

1 FDD 2110 2170 0 0-599 1920 1980 18000 18000-18599

2 FDD 1930 1990 600 600-1199 1850 1910 18600 18600-19199

3 FDD 1 805 1880 1200 1200-1949 1710 1785 19200 19200-19949

4 FDD 2 110 2155 1950 1950-2399 1710 1755 19950 19950-20399

5 FDD 869 894 2400 2400-2649 824 849 20400 20400-20649

6 FDD 875 885 2650 2650-2749 830 840 20650 20650-20749

7 FDD 2 620 2690 2750 2750-3449 2500 2570 20750 20750-21449

8 FDD 925 960 3450 3450-3799 880 915 21450 21450-21799

9 FDD 1844.9 1879.9 3800 3800-4149 1749.9 1784.9 21800 21800-22149

10 FDD 2 110 2170 4150 4150-4749 1710 1770 22150 22150-22749

11 FDD 1475.9 1500.9 4750 4750-4999 1427.9 1452.9 22750 22750-22999

12 FDD 728 746 5000 5000-5179 698 716 23000 23000-23179

13 FDD 746 756 5180 5180-5279 777 787 23180 23180-23279

14 FDD 758 768 5280 5280-5379 788 798 23280 23280-23379

17 FDD 734 746 5730 5730-5849 704 716 23730 23730-23849

33 TDD 1900 1920 36000 36000-36199 1900 1920 36000 36000-36199

34 TDD 2010 2025 36200 36200-36349 2010 2025 36200 36200-36349

35 TDD 1 850 1910 36350 36350-36949 1850 1910 36350 36350-36949

36 TDD 1 930 1990 36950 36950-37549 1930 1990 36950 36950-37549

37 TDD 1 910 1930 37550 37550-37749 1910 1930 37550 37550-37749

38 TDD 2 570 2620 37750 37750-38249 2570 2620 37750 37750-38249

39 TDD 1 880 1920 38250 38250-38649 1880 1920 38250 38250-38649

40 TDD 2 300 2400 38650 38650-39649 2300 2400 38650 38650-39649


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Carrier Frequency EARFCN

Calculation


Example


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Contents



1.2 3GPP Releases



1.5 Spectrum Usage



LTE Transport Channel Processing

TransportBlockCRCAttachment

CodeBlockCRCAttachmentand

Segmentation

ChannelCoding

RateMatching

CodeBlockConcatenation

AdditionalLayer1Processes

TransportBlock MACLayer

PHYLayer


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Transport Block CRC


Code Block Segmentation and

CRC Attachment


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Example


Channel Coding

Transport Channel Coding Options

Transport Channel Coding Method Rate

DL-SCH

Turbo Coding 1/3UL-SCH

PCH

MCH

BCH Tail Biting Convolutional Coding 1/3


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Channel Coding

Control Information Coding Options

Control Information Coding Method Rate

DCI Tail Biting Convolutional Coding 1/3

CFI Block Code 1/16

HI Repetition Code 1/3

UCI Block Code Variable

Tail Biting Convolutional Coding 1/3


Repetition Coding

1

1 1 1

ACK

Repetition

Coding

Orthogonalsequences

0 0 0

0

NACK

Orthogonalsequences


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Rate Matching

Sub-block

Interleaver

Sub-block

Interleaver

Sub-block

Interleaver


Code Block Concatenation


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Contents



1.2 3GPP Releases



1.5 Spectrum Usage



Principles of OFDM


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Frequency Division Multiplexing


OFDM Subcarriers


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Inverse Fast Fourier Transform

IFFT

InverseFast

Fourier

Transform

Complex

Waveform


FFT

FastFourier

Transform

Page40

Fast Fourier Transform

Coded

Bits

Parallel

to

Serial


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OFDM Symbol Mapping


OFDM

Peak to Average Power Ratio


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Time Domain Interference


Inter Symbol Interference

Delayed

Signal


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Cyclic Prefix


Contents






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Contents


2.1 The Uu Interface

2.2 LTE Radio Interface Protocols

2.3 LTE Channel Structure

2.4 LTE Frame Structure

2.5 OFDM Signal Generation

2.6 Downlink OFDMA2.7 LTE Physical Signals


Contents


2.8 Downlink Reference Signals

2.9 Downlink LTE Physical Channels

2.10 Downlink Control Signaling

2.11 LTE Cell Search Procedure

2.12 Uplink Transmission Technique

2.13 OFDMA Verses SC-FDMA

2.14 Uplink LTE Physical Channels

2.15 Timing Relationships


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Contents


2.16 Uplink Reference Signals

2.17 Uplink Control Signaling

2.18 LTE Random Access Procedure

2.19 Uplink Power Control

2.20 Paging Procedures

2.21 HARQ Operation2.22 Diversity Options


Contents







2.6 Downlink OFDMA

2.7 LTE Physical Signals


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Uu Interface


Contents







2.6 Downlink OFDMA



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LTE Control Plane and User Plane


E-UTRA Protocols


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NAS Signaling


NAS EMM and ESM ProceduresEMM Procedures ESM Procedures

Attach Default EPS Bearer Context Activation

Detach Dedicated EPS Bearer Context Activation

Tracking Area Update EPS Bearer Context Modification

Service Request EPS Bearer Context Deactivation

Extended Service Request UE Requested PDN Connectivity

GUTI Reallocation UE Requested PDN Disconnect

Authentication UE Requested Bearer Resource Allocation

Identification UE Requested Bearer Resource Modification

Security Mode Control ESM Information Request

EMM Status ESM Status

EMM Information

NAS Transport

Paging


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Radio Resource Control


Packet Data Convergence Protocol


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Radio Link Control


Medium Access Control


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Physical Layer


Contents







2.6 Downlink OFDMA



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LTE Channels


Logical Channels


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Downlink Physical Channels

PBCH (Physical Broadcast Channel)

PCFICH (Physical Control Format Indicator Channel)

PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel)

PHICH (Physical Hybrid ARQ Indicator Channel)

PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel)


Uplink Physical Channels

PRACH (Physical Random Access Channel)

PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel)

PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel)


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Radio Channels


Contents





2.4 LTE Frame Structu re


2.6 Downlink OFDMA



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LTE Frame Structure


Normal and Extended Cyclic Prefix


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Downlink CP Parameters

Configuration CP Length (Ts) Time DelaySpread

Normal CyclicPrefix

∆ f = 15kHz 160 for slot 0 ~ 5.208µs ~ 1.562km

144 for slot 1, 2, …6 ~ 4.688µs ~ 1.406km

Extended CyclicPrefix

∆ f = 15kHz 512 for slot 0, 1, …5 ~16.67µs ~ 5km

∆ f = 7.5kHz 1024 for 0, 1, 2 ~ 33.33 µs ~ 10km


Normal CP Configuration


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Type 2 TDD Radio Frame


Type 2 Radio Frame Switching

Points

Configuration SwitchingPointPeriodicity

Subframe Number

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

0 5ms D S U U U D S U U U

1 5ms D S U U D D S U U D

2 5ms D S U D D D S U D D

3 10ms D S U U U D D D D D

4 10ms D S U U D D D D D D

5 10ms D S U D D D D D D D

6 5ms D S U U U D S U U D


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Contents







2.6 Downlink OFDMA2.7 LTE Physical Signals


OFDM Signal Generation

Codewords


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Scrambling

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Modulation Mapper


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64 QAM Modulation Mapper

I

Q

1 3 5 7-1-3-5-7

1

3

5

7

-1

-3

-5

-7

000011 000001 001001 001011

000010 000000 001000 001010

000110 000100 001100 001110

000111 000101 001101 001111

010011 010001 011001 011011

010010 010000 011000 011010

010110 010100 011100 011110

010111 010101 011101 011111

100011

100010

100110

100111

110011

110010

110110

110111

100001

100000

100100

100101

110001

110000

110100

110101

101001

101000

101100

101101

111001

111000

111100

111101

101011

101010

101110

101111

111011

111010

111110

111111


Contents







2.6 Downl ink OFDMA



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OFDMA in LTEFrequency

ChannelBandwidthE.g.3MHz

Time

DeviceisallocatedoneormorePRB(PhysicalResourceBlocks)

PRBconsistsof12subcarriersfor0.5ms

OFDMA


Physical Resource Blocks and

Resource Elements

N S C

R B

S u b c a r r i e r s = 1

2


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Downlink PRB Parameters

Configuration NSCRB NSymbDL

Normal Cyclic Prefix ∆ f = 15kHz12

7

Extended Cyclic

Prefix

∆ f = 15kHz 6

∆ f = 7.5kHz 24 3


Contents







2.6 Downlink OFDMA



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Downlink Cell ID


PSS and SSS Location for FDD


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PSS and SSS Location for TDD


Contents











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Downlink Reference Signals

Cell Specific (non-MBSFN)

MBSFN (MBMS service over Single Frequency Network)

UE Specific


Cell Specific Reference Signals

One Antenna Port


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Cell ID Offset



Two Antenna Port Configuration


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Four Antenna Port Configuration


Contents











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PBCH (Physical Broadcast

Channel)


MIB to PBCH Mapping (FDD and

Normal CP)

S y s

t e m

B a n d

w i d t h

PBCH


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CFI to PCFICH Mapping

NRBDL

k

k=(Nsc/2)∙(NIDmod2NRB)

k=k

k=k+NRB)/2∙ Nsc/2

k=k+2NRB)/2∙ Nsc/2

k=k+3NRB)/2∙ Nsc/2

RB DL

DL RB

DL

DL

RB

RB

Cell

OFDMSymbols

allocatedto

PDCCH

PCFICH

ReservedRSs


PDCCH (Physical Downlink

Control Channel)

5 M H z (

2 5 R

e s o u r c e B

l o c k s )


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PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared

Channel)


Contents











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Initial Procedures


Cell Search


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Physical Cell Identities


PSS Correlation


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SSS Correlation


SI Messages - PBCH and the

Master Information Block


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SI Block Type 1


Contents











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Subcarrier

Mapping

Page109

SC-FDMA Subcarrier Mapping

Concept

DFTSymbols


SC-FDMA Signal Generation


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SC-FDMA and the eNB


Contents











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Uplink LTE Physical Channels


PRACH (Physical Random Access

Channel)


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PRACH Guard Period


Preamble Format0 ms 1 ms 2 ms 3 ms

CP

0.1

Sequence

0.80.1 Format 0

CP

0.68

Sequence

0.8

Guard Period

0.52Format

1CP

0.2

Sequence

1.60.2 Format

2

CP

0.68

Sequence

1.6

Guard Period

0.72 Format 3

5102xTs

Format 4


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PRACH FDD Formats


C

P

Subframe

0

Subframe

1

Subframe

2RB24

RB0

ZC

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PRACH Configuration

839

Subcarriers

1.25kHz

(6RBs)


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PRACH Configuration IndexPRACHConfigurationIndex

PreambleFormat

SystemFrameNumber

SubframeNumber

0 0 Even 1

1 0 Even 4

2 0 Even 7

3 0 Any 1

4 0 Any 4

5 0 Any 7

6 0 Any 1, 6

7 0 Any 2 ,7

8 0 Any 3, 8

9 0 Any 1, 4, 7

10 0 Any 2, 5, 8

11 0 Any 3, 6, 9

12 0 Any 0, 2, 4, 6, 8

13 0 Any 1, 3, 5, 7, 9

14 0 Any 0, 1, 2, 3, 4,

5, 6, 7, 8, 9

15 0 Even 9

. . . .

. . . .

63 3 Even 9


PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared

Channel)

PDSCH

Symbol

Mapping


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Multiplexing Control Signaling


Contents







2.21 HARQ Operation

2.22 Diversity Options


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Uplink Reference Signals


PUSCH DRS

Slot Slot

Subframe

RRRRR

RRRRRRR

1 2 S

u b c a r r i e r s

RRRRR

RRRRRRR


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Requirement for SRS

5 M

H z (

2 5 R

e s o u r c e B

l o c k s )


SRS Frequency Hopping

5 M H z (

2 5 R

e s o u r c e B

l o c k s )


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Contents









Paging Issues


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DRX Reception of Paging


Contents







2.21 HARQ Operation

2.22 Diversity Options


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Basic Concepts of SAW


HARQ Parallel Processes


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Contents









SU-MIMO and MU-MIMO


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Spatial Multiplexing MIMO


Spatial Multiplexing Interference

Issues


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MIMO Single Stream


Adaptive MIMO Switching

E f f i

c i e n c y


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Feedback Reporting


Contents






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Basic Scheduling in a Cell

AvailableCell

Resources Time

Loadingandscheduling

issuesneedmanaging


QoS in Packet Switched Networks

Packet Schedulers and Classifiers


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Key Factors Influencing Scheduling

Uplink

Interference

Bandwidth

Configuration


Dynamic Scheduling


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Semi-Persistent Scheduling


Contents






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Intra-LTE Mobility


Idle State - Cell Reselection


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Sintrasearch

Parameter


High and Medium Mobility State

Impact to Treselection


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Ranking of Cells - Ranking

Equation


Active State Mobility - Intra LTE


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LTE Handover

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01_oea000100 lte air interface

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