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Jack Xiong!

Code 614.4, NASA Goddard Spaced Flight Center!

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Aqua

Terra

Terra MODIS: over 11 years of successful operation Aqua MODIS: over 9 years of successful operation

MODIS observations:

36 bands (VIS – LWIR)

An unprecedented

amount of data products

with significant

contributions to the

broad user and science

community

•! Senior Review for both Terra and Aqua Missions

–! Terra effort led by M. Imhoff (Project Scientist)

–! Aqua effort led by C. Parkinson (Project Scientist)

–! MODIS contributions provided by M. King (Team Leader) with

input from discipline and support team leads

•! MODIS Calibration Workshop (May 17, 2011)

–! Presentations from members of MODIS calibration support team

and science discipline representatives

–! Over 65 participants (69 last year for the MODIS/VIIRS

calibration workshop)

–! Continuous and additional calibration efforts are needed to

address all the existing and newly identified issues

–! All presentation materials will be posted on MODIS website

Recent Activities

•! Terra MODIS –! A-side: launch to Oct 30, 2000

–! B-side: Oct 30, 2000 to June 15, 2001

–! A-side: July 02, 2001 to Sept 17, 2002

–! A-side electronics and B-side formatter: Sept 17, 2002 to present

–! BB temperatures set at 290K

–! Cold focal plane assemblies (FPA) controlled at 83K

•! Aqua MODIS

–! Same B-side configuration since launch

–! BB temperatures set at 285K

–! Cold FPA controlled at 83K

Instrument Operations

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Details of MODIS operational activities available on MCST Webpage

Instrument Temperatures

Terra MODIS: less than 3.5 K increase over 11 years

Aqua MODIS: less than 2.0 K increase over 9 years

Similar trends for the VIS and NIR FPA temperatures

Cold Focal Plane Assembly (FPA) Temperatures

Terra MODIS: SMIR LWIR

Aqua MODIS: SMIR LWIR

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Blackbody Temperatures (nominal operation)

Terra MODIS: less than 30 mK increase over 11 years

Aqua MODIS: extremely stable

B-Side!

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Solar Diffuser (SD) Degradation

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Aqua MODIS

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RSB Spectral Band Responses (VIS) Band Averaged, Mirror Side 1

Terra MODIS

Aqua MODIS

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RSB Spectral Band Responses (NIR) Band Averaged, Mirror Side 1

Terra MODIS

Aqua MODIS

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RSB Spectral Band Responses (SWIR) Band Averaged, Mirror Side 1

Terra MODIS

Aqua MODIS

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TEB Spectral Band Responses (MWIR) Band Averaged, Mirror Side 1

Terra MODIS

Aqua MODIS

Terra MODIS

Aqua MODIS

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TEB Spectral Band Responses (LWIR) Band Averaged, Mirror Side 1

Terra MODIS

Aqua MODIS

Terra MODIS

Aqua MODIS

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VIS and NIR Center Wavelengths (CW)

Terra MODIS

Aqua MODIS

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Band-to-Band Registration (BBR)

CFPA!

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CFPA!

Terra MODIS

Aqua MODIS

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Track RMS: 43m (C5) Scan RMS: 44m (C5)

Terra MODIS Geolocation Results (C5)

Robert Wolfe et al.

Aqua MODIS Geolocation Results (C5)

Track RMS: 47m (C5) Scan RMS: 53m (C5) Robert Wolfe et al.

Note: northern & southern hemispherical differences

•! Both instruments continue to operate normally

–! Changes of instrument and warm FPA temperatures are less than 3.5K for

Terra MODIS over 11 years; less than 2K for Aqua MODIS over 9 years

–! Terra MODIS cold FPA temperatures remain stably controlled at 83K

–! Gradual decrease of Aqua MODIS cooler margin has led to small increase

(up to 0.30K), orbit-to-orbit and seasonal variations of its cold FPA temperatures

–! A workshop on Aqua MODIS CFPA performance and operation was held

on May 7, 2010 (decision reached to maintain current operational configuration unless there is an evidence that the current CFPA performance has a negative impact on science data product quality)

•! All on-board calibrators continue to provide key design functions

–! BB temperatures remain extremely stable for both Terra and Aqua

MODIS, short- and long-term

–! Terra MODIS SD door has permanently fixed at the “open” position since

July 2, 2003, which has led to increased SD degradation rates

Instrument Performance Summary (1)

•! Radiometric (36 spectral bands with 490 individual detectors)

–! There are no new noisy and inoperable detectors since last STM

–! 45 noisy detectors (30 from pre-launch; 35 at launch) and no inoperable

detectors for Terra MODIS

–! 6 noisy detectors (2 from pre-launch; 3 at launch) and 15 inoperable

detectors (13 in band 6) for Aqua MODIS

•! Spectral (VIS/NIR bands only)

–! Changes in center wavelengths and bandwidths are less than 0.5 and 1.0

nm, respectively, for most spectral bands (only a few exceptions)

•! Spatial (all bands)

–! On-orbit band-to-band registrations (BBR) have been stable for both

Terra and Aqua MODIS

–! Large BBR offsets in Aqua MODIS between cold FPA and warm FPA band

pairs (a known problem since pre-launch)


•! Excellent geo-location accuracy and stability

–! Terra MODIS RMS (C5): along-track 43m, along-scan 44m

–! C6 expected RMS: along-track 42m, along-scan 42m

–! Aqua MODIS RMS (C5): along-track 47m, along-scan 53m

–! C6 expected RMS: along-track 45m, along-scan 51m

–! Enhanced Terrain Correction (area-based) in C6

–! New DEM and land water mask in C6

•! Collection 5 processing status and collection 6 reprocessing plan

–! Provided in the backup slides

•! DB of MODIS data products plays an important role

–! Overall 150 stations


•! Large changes in VIS spectral band/detector response

–! Mirror side, wavelength, and AOI dependent

–! Changes in sensor response versus scan-angle (RVS) and mirror polarization sensitivity

–! Noticeable impact for bands 8, 9, and 3, and likely other bands, more in Terra MODIS than Aqua MODIS

–! Large SD degradation at short wavelengths, especially in Terra MODIS

–! Impact on the quality and accuracy of tracking SD degradation

•! Aqua BBR impact on some products derived using bands from both warm and cold FPA (e.g. bands 2 and 7)

•! TEB calibration quality over cold targets, mainly in Terra MODIS PV bands

•! Calibration consistency between Terra and Aqua MODIS

–! Scene dependent differences (offsets and trends)

Challenges and Future Efforts

Improvements made via newly proposed collection 6 LUT

Some effects may still exist …

EOS/MODIS to NPP/VIIRS, and beyond

NPP Spacecraft and

Instruments MODIS VIIRS

Lessons and

Experience

MODIS Publication Metrics

Average citations: 13-14/per technical article

May 7, 2008 Jan 24, 2010 May 11, 2011

NASA Terra: 19000 27100 34100

NASA Aqua: 8750 11800 16200

NASA MODIS: 14800 19500 30400

Google Scholar “HITS”

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Collection 5 (C5) Processing Status

G. Ye et al.

•! Forward processing is typically 1-2 days behind real time

•! NRT processing is typically 1.5 hours after observations

•! Aqua and Terra deep blue reprocessing (C5.1) completed

•! C5.1 Terra Cloud products were reprocessed after a processing flaw

was found.

•! The C4.1 LST (C4 code with C5 L1 input) is processed for the

duration of C5

•! C5/5.1 products will be generated through the completion of C6

reprocessing

Collection 6 (C6) Reprocessing Plan

G. Ye et al.

•! C6 L1 and Cloud Mask/Profiles

–! Both PGE01 and PGE03 are ready for C6 reprocessing

–! Testing PGE02 with RSB and TEB Uncertainty updates, new RVS approach

–! Plan to start C6 L1 and Cloud Mask data reprocessing in the summer of

2011 and complete the reprocessing in 3 months.

•! C6 Land and Atmospheres reprocessing

–! Atmospheres C6 reprocessing planned at 70x starting early 2012 to be

completed by April, 2012.

–! Land C6 reprocessing will proceed at >30x and is expected to start in

Summer 2012.

•! LP and NSIDC DAACs will ingest land products into their archives at

these production rates

•! All C5/5.1 atmospheres and L1 products will be archived in LAADS until

the next complete reprocessing (C6.x or C7)

MODIS Specifications and Applications

–! 20 reflective solar bands (RSB: bands 1-19, and 26) from 0.41 - 2.2µm!–! 16 thermal emissive bands (TEB: bands 20-25, 27-36) from 3.5 - 14.4µm!

MODIS Focal Plane Assemblies (FPA)

S: scan direction; T: track direction!

B13 and B14 have 2 columns of detectors for TDI high and low gain output!

On-board Calibrator On-orbit Calibration

SDSM

Scan

Mirror

Solar

Diffuser

SRCA

Blackbody

Space

View

SD/SDSM: Weekly to tri-weekly

SRCA: Radiometric: monthly

Spatial: bi-monthly

Spectral: quarterly

Moon: monthly (nighttime orbits) 0-20o spacecraft roll maneuvers 55o phase angle

BB: quarterly

Spacecraft maneuvers: Yaw (SD BRF, VF)

Roll (Moon)

Pitch (only applied to Terra)

01#*2&1%/1$1*0%€¦ · gradual decrease of aqua modis cooler margin has led to small increase...

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01#2&1%/1$10%€¦ · gradual decrease of aqua modis cooler margin has led to small increase...