0 # $ $ 'shiftleft.com/mirrors/ · vp(tkoa?adfdf? d[e c f8df?ap(mkl oa?adfw5n c*veap b l oaq3h...

32

Upload: others

Post on 08-Oct-2020

0 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: 0 # $ $ 'shiftleft.com/mirrors/ · vp(tkoa?adfdf? d[e c f8df?ap(mkl oa?adfw5n c*veap b l oaq3h eap i5b @ ?*oat3oaj vl b0dfq v3vtkp(b d&q3df?ap(d[l cgf3?ar l c3l c iki5oatk>5vq3b l

������������� ������������������������������� ���� ���������������� ���!"��#���$�%&�'���(�

)*�+�����(�(,�-��������.�/0�#�$������$������'

132�451 -��6�����������7&$��.

-�����$8�*���($���%&�:9�;�< 4 ;

=�>&?A@3>&?AB C�DFE�G�E�H�I3E�JK@3L�H C�DFEA@3E�L IMKL N(E�G(C�>&E�OA@L P�E(N(Q3I3R�E(S�L�TFC�OAE�DFE�B�L�U�@AV�W OATK>&X

Y[Z�\F]�^�_3`�]aW0b0cd?Ae S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD�L cR�P(E�DFB P�Q3OAB�QKP(?�L�D�OATK>5V�P(L�DF?AfgT3RhE8H�EAP(i3?�cQK>5S�?AP[TKR0S�Q3DFL�c?ADFDjV�P(TKOA?ADFD�?AD�B�@E�BjEAP(??Ak�V�TKD�?Af[B�@3P(TKQ3iK@�l5?(S�D�?AP(MKL�OA?ADFW�m�T[>&EAcE�i3?jDFQ3OA@[EAc�L cR�P�E�DFB P(QKOAB�Q3P(?AI�L�B�L�D�c?AOA?ADFDFE�P(G&R�TKP�S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD5>&EAcE�i3?�P(D5B�TS�?�E(S�H�?[B�T�T�S�DF?AP(M3?[B�@?AL Pj?Ae S�Q3DFL�c?ADFDhTFV�?AP(E�B L�TKcDhL c�iKP(?AEAB�?APjfK?AB�E�L�H W"n�c[V�EAP�B�L�OAQ3H EAP�I"E�R�P(EA>&?Al0TKP(J�EAcf�E�B�TKTKH�L�DP(?Ao3Q3L P(?Af[B @EAB�E�H H�TKl5D"S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD0Q3DF?AP(D0B�T[f3?�R�L�c?ho3Q3E�H L�B E�B�L�MK?hEAcf[o3Q3EAcB L�B E�B L�MK?h>&?AB�P(L�OADFI�f3?�V�?�cf3L ci�T�c*B @?AL P5TKl5cp S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD[TKP&n�m�qhi3TKE�H�D(W5r5cOA?*>&?AB P(L�OAD&@E�MK?hS�?�?Acgf3?AR�L�c?Af3I5B @?*B�TKTKH0DF@TKQ3H�f�S�?*E(S�H�?*B�T�>&?AE�DFQ3P(?*B @?A>sEAc3fDFQ�V3V�TKP(B�Q3DF?�P(D5L c[DF?A>&EAc3B�L�O0EAcEAH�G�DFL�D0TKR�B�@?jP(?ADFQ3H B�DFI�E�H H�TKl5L�ci[B @K?A>tB�T&o3Q3L�OAJ3H�GhL�f3?AcB L�R�Gho3Q3E�H�L B�Ghf3?Ai3P(E�f3EAB�L�TKcD�E�Dl0?AH�H�E�D�B @?AL P�OAE�Q3DF?ADFWu&v(w3x[y ^�z�\|{�S�Q3DFL c?ADFD�V�P(TKOA?ADFD�?ADFIl5?(S�DF?AP(MKL�OA?�DFIEAc3E�H�G�DFL�DFI>hEAcEAi3?A>&?AcB W

} ~��h�A�K�0�h�&�"�A���0�

b0c&?Ae S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD"L�cR�P�E�DFB P(Q3OAB QKP(?5l0TKQ3H�fhO�TK>5V�P(L�DF?5T3R�H�E�P(i3?5cQK>5S�?AP�TKR3S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD�V�P(TKO�?ADFD�?AD"=A��X�W��B�?�V�D"L�c&E�S�Q3DFL�c?ADFDV�P(TKOA?ADFDjE�P(?&@3EAcf3H�?AfhS�G�?AL�B @?AP5@QK>&EAcD p E�DjL�DjB @?&OAE�DF?&L�c�l5T3P(J3e�R�H�TKl�>&E�c3E�i3?A>&?�cB"DFG�DFB�?A>&Dj=��3X�q�I�E�Q3B�TK>&EAB�?AfD�G�DFB�?A>&DFI�TKP�DFTK>&?jB�L�>&?AD5l5L�H�H3S�?hTKQ3B�DFTKQ3P(OA?Af[B�T&?Ak3B�?AP(c3E�H�?Ae S�Q3DFL c?ADFDF?ADFW�b0D5B�@?jL c3B�?Ac3B�L�T�c�TKR�E�c�?Ae S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD5L�D5B�TQ3c3f3?AP�B�E�J3?&S�Q3DFL c?ADFD�TKcgB @?�l5?(S�I0B @?AG8l5L�H�HjEAH�DFT8c?A?Afg>&?AO�@3EAcL�DF>&D[B @3E�B0?Ac3E(S�H�?�OAQ3DFB�TK>&?AP(D�B�T8E�OAOA?ADFD�B @?AL PDF?AP(MKL�OA?AD0B�@3P(TKQ3i3@�B @?hn�c3B�?AP�c?AB W��0�����(���F��� �����0=��3X"EAP(?�S�?AO�TK>&L�c3i�E&l5?AH�H�e�E�OAOA?�V�B�?Af�l5EKG[T3R�V�Q3B�B�L ci[?Ae S�Q3DFL�c?ADFDF?ADTKc&B @?5l0?(S�D�ThE�D"B�Th?AcE(S�H�?5Q3DF?AP(D p ?AL�B�@?�P�@3Q3>hEAcD"TKP�TKB�@?�P�l5?(S�D�?AP(MKL�OA?ADFq�B�TjQDF?5B�@?A>&W�8?�S*DF?AP(MKL�OA?0P(?AR�?AP(D"B�TjEDF?AP(MKL�OA?8f3?AH�L�M3?AP(?Af�Q3DFL ci�DFB EAcf3EAP�f�l5?(S�B�?AOA@cTKH�TKiG�IhDFQ3OA@�EAD��5m�m�� p �0GFV�?AP(B�?Ak3B&B P(EAcDFR�?APhV�P(TKB�TKOATKH�q�Ih�0���p�� k3B�?�cDFL S�H�?*>&EAP(J3QFV�H�EAci3QKE�i3?Aqh=��3X�I5EAc3f8��r0b0� p ��L�>5V�H�?*T�SKNF?AOAB0E�O�OA?ADFDjV�P(TKB�TKO�TKH�qh=��3X�W5b0O�OATKP(f3L�c3i8B�T�>&EAc�G

Page 2: 0 # $ $ 'shiftleft.com/mirrors/ · vp(tkoa?adfdf? d[e c f8df?ap(mkl oa?adfw5n c*veap b l oaq3h eap i5b @ ?*oat3oaj vl b0dfq v3vtkp(b d&q3df?ap(d[l cgf3?ar l c3l c iki5oatk>5vq3b l

>&EAP(J3?ABP(?ADF?AEAP(O�@&R�L�P�>&D"=��KI��3X�IL B�L�D"H L�J3?AH�G0B�@EAB�IAS�?AR�TKP(?5B @?5GK?AE�P������3�3I3>&EAcG0T3R�B�@?5OATK>5V�EAcL�?AD���TKR�R�?AP(L ci3D"l5L�H�H�S�?E�MKE�L�H E(S�H�?jE�D5l5?(S�D�?AP(MKL�OA?ADFI�E�cf&B @3E�B�H�EAP(i3?jOATKP V�TKP�E�B L�TKcD5l5L�H�H�fK?�V�H�T3GhB�?AcD5TKP�@QKc3fKP(?Af3D5TKR"l0?�S�DF?AP(MKL�OA?ADFW�m�@?ADF?l0?�S*DF?AP(MKL�OA?�D"@E�MK?5B�T�S�?0L�cB�?�P(R�E�OA?Afhl5L�B�@&B @?5L c3B�?AP�c3E�H�S�Q3DFL c?ADFD�V�P(TKOA?ADFD�?AD"B�TjP(?AO�?AL�M3?AIR�Q3H�R�L�H�H�E�c3fhf3?AH�L�MK?AP�TKP(f3?�P(DFWb O�TK>5V�H�?Ak�L cR�P(E�DFB P�Q3OAB�QKP(?�L�DgQ3DFQ3E�H H�G�E�P(?AE�H�L�B�G�L�ctEAct?Ae S�Q3DFL c?ADFDFW�n�ctTKP(f3?�P8B�T�>&EAc3E�i3?�B @?�?Ae S�Q3DFL�c?ADFDL cR�P(E�D(B P(Q3OAB�QKP(?hL B�L�D5c?AOA?ADFDFE�P(G&B�T[@E�MK?hR�P(E�>&?Al5TKP(J3D0E�c3f�B�TKTKH�D0B @EAB�EAH�H�TKlgS�Q3DFL�c?ADFD0>&EAc3E�i3?�P(D�� EAcEAH�G�DFB�D���Q3DF?AP(D0B�Tf3?AR�L�c?AIOATK>5V�Q3B�?AI3EAc3fjEAcEAH�G�?�S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD"EAcfjn�m*>&?AB P�L�OADFWn�c8B @L�D0V�E(V�?�P(I5l5?hV�P(?ADF?AcB5E&V�H�E�B�R�TKP(> OAE�H�H�?Af��� 3�F���K���F�����3�����������������*B @EAB0E�DFDFL�DFB�D[Q3DF?�P(D[L c8>&EAc3E�iKL ci8B @?AL PV�P(TKOA?ADFDF?�D[E�cf8DF?AP(MKL�OA?ADFW5n�c*V�EAP�B�L�OAQ3H EAP�I5B @?*OAT3OAJ�V�L�B0DFQ�V3V�TKP(B�D&Q3DF?AP(D[L�cgf3?AR�L�c3L ciKI5OATK>5V�Q3B�L ciKI5EAcf�EAcEAH�G�L�ciS�Q3DFL�c?ADFDjE�c3f*n�md>&?AB P�L�OADjTKc�?Ae S�Q3DFL�c?ADFDjf3E�B�EAI�L c�TKP�f3?AP0B�T�E�DFD(?ADFDjB�@?&o3Q3E�H L�B�G�T3R�B�@?AL P0TFV�?AP(EAB�L�TKcD(I�QKcf3?�P(DFB�EAc3fV�P(TFS�H�?A>&DFI3EAcfjL�f3?�cB L�R�G0B�@?AL P�P(TKTKB�OAE�Q3DF?ADFWm�@?hS�Q3DFL�c?ADFD[OATKOAJ�V�L�B0TFV�?AP(EAB�?AD0S�G�B�P(E�OAJ3L c3i�EAcf�H�TKi3i3L ci�>h?ADFDFE�i3?*?Ak3OA@EAci3?AD[E�D[l5?AH�H5E�D[B @?*?Ak3?AOAQ3B�L�TKc8TKRL cB�?�P�cEAHKS�Q3DFL c?ADFD�TFV�?AP(E�B L�TKcDFIAS�Gj?Ak3B�P(E�OAB�L c3i&H�TKi3i3?Af&f3EAB�E0EAc3f&B P�EAcDFR�?AP(P�L cihB @?A>�L cB�ThE0f3EAB�E0l5E�P(?�@TKQ3DF?AI�EAcf�S�GB @?Ac&EAf3f3L c3ihE0DF?A>&EAcB L�O5H�E�G�?AP�B�@EAB�?Ac3E(S�H�?AD"B�@?5D�V�?AOAL�R�L�OAE�B�L�TKc&T3R�Q3DF?AP(e�f3?AR�L�c?Af3Io3QKE�H�L B�EAB�L�MK?5>&?AB�P�L�OAD"TKc&B�TFV�T3R�B�@?f3?AB�E�L�H�?AfKIH�TKl5e�H�?AM3?AH�f3E�B E0?Ak3B P�E�OAB�?Af�S�G0B�@?5?Ae S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD"L cR�P�E�DFB P(Q3O�B�QKP(?AW���TKP�?AkKE�>5V�H�?AIQ3D(L cijB @?5OATKOAJ�V�L�B�IQ3DF?AP(D�OAEAcf3?AR�L�c?&E&>&?AB P(L�O �� ��!���"�� �� ���#5��l5L�B @�MKE�H�Q3?ADjTKR$�� ������"%3��&����A���(�%'���(� ��#0��)��� ��!���"%3��&�� �����F��%'& *�����)"T�P+�� ��!���"���!�%3�& ���A���F�%!)�EAc3fhf3?AR�L�c?�@TKlgL�B�OAEAc�S�?5O�TK>5V�Q3B�?Af�S�E�DF?AfhTKc&B @?�EAMKE�L�H�E(S�H�?5f3EAB�EAWr5cOA?5OATK>5V�Q3B�?Af3I3>&?AE�DFQKP(?AD"OAEAc5S�?EAcEAH�G�?AfhQ3cf3?�P�fKL�R�R�?AP(?AcBAV�?AP(D�V�?AOAB�L�MK?AD"EAcfjE�i3iKP(?AiKE�B�?AfjE�BfKL�R�R�?�P(?�cBH�?AMK?AH�D"TKR�E(S�DFB�P(E�OAB�L�TKc3Wr0c?jTKR"TKQ3P�i3TKE�H�D�L c�f3?ADFL�iKc3L ci[B @?jOATKOAJ�V�L�B�L�D�L�B�D5DFL >5V�H L�OAL�B�G�W�n�c�R�E�OAB�I�Q3DF?AP(D5OAEAc[f3?�V�H�T3GhB�@?jOATKOAJ�V�L�B p L cOAH�Q3fKL ciB @?[L cDFB P�Q3>&?�cB E�B L�TKc3I"B @?&f3EAB�E[l5E�P(?�@TKQ3DF?AI"EAcf*B @?[DF?A>hEAcB L�O&>&E(V3V�L ci*H E�GK?AP(q0E�Djl5?AH�H�E�Dhf3?AR�L c?[EAcf*EAc3E�H�G�?S�Q3DFL�c?ADFDj>&?AB P(L�OADjl5L�B�@TKQ3B"l5P�L�B L ci*OATKf3?AW�m�@L�D0L�DjL c�i3?�c?�P(EAH"E&f3?ADFL�P�E(S�H�?&R�?AE�B�Q3P(?&B @3E�B�S�?AO�TK>&?ADjE[R�Q3cf3EA>&?�cB�EAHP(?Ao3Q3L P(?�>&?Ac3B�l5@?�c[Q3DF?AP(D"EAP(?0E�B�B @?�S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD�H�?AMK?AH�W�b0cTKB @?�P"L >5V�TKP(B EAc3B�E�D�V�?AOAB�TKR�B�@?0DFTKH�Q3B�L�TKc&L�D�B @3E�B�Q3DF?�P(D�OAEAcH�TKTKJ�E�B ,3����������-���K��� 3��OATKH�H�?AOAB�L�TKcD�TKR[T�SKNF?AOAB�D p ?AW i3W Ijf3L�R�R�?AP(?�c3B5S�Q3DFL c?ADFD&V�P(TKOA?AD�DF?AD�TKP*l5?(S�DF?AP(MKL�OA?ADFq�L�c�E,���#��.-���K��� 3�0l5E�G�I�L�W ?AW I�Q3D(L ci[E0P(?Af3Q3OA?Af[DF?AB�T3R�>&?AB�P(L�OAD5B @3E�B�OAE�cjS�?jQ3DF?Af[B�T&E�c3E�H�G�?j>&TKDFB�TKP�E�H�H�TKR�B�@?�>&W�m�TE�OA@3L�?AMK?hB�@L�D0i3TKE�H I�B @?hOATKOAJ�V�L�B�DF?�V�EAP(E�B�?AD0B @?�%3� /K���K����� ���*TKR"B�@?j>&?AB P(L�OhR�P(TK>tL�B�D����#��0 !��*�� ������&��.-�����I�f3?�V�?�cf3L c3iTKc�B @?[D�V�?AOAL�R�L�O�T�S3N(?�OAB�S�?AL�ci*>&?AE�DFQKP(?Af3W"m�@3L�DhL c3f3?�V�?Acf3?�cOA?[?AcE(S�H�?ADhB @?[D�V�?AOAL�R�L�OAE�B�L�TKc�TKR5f3L�R�R�?AP(?AcB�l5EKG�DhB�TOATK>5V�Q3B�?jB @?jDFEA>&?j>&?AB P�L�OjR�TKP�f3L�R�R�?AP(?AcB�TFS3N(?�OAB�DFW���TKP�?Ak3EA>5V�H�?AI�B @?jTKQ3B�OATK>&?jT3R�EhDFQ�V3V�H�GhOA@E�L c0V�P(TKOA?ADFD5OAE�cjS�?OATKcDFL�f3?AP(?Af8�� 3�A�����F� /! !&jL�RhB @?&V�P(TKOA?AD�D�?Acf3D�L B�D�?Ak3?AOAQ3B�L�TKcdL c8E"�0 3�(�,�*3�F��%dDFB E�B�?AI0l5@3L�H�?*E�fKP�L�MKL�c3igf3L P(?AOAB�L�T�cDF?AP(MKL�OA?hL�D5�� 3�������F� /! �&�L�R"B @?hf3L P(?AOAB�L�TKcD0EAP(?hf3?AH�L�MK?AP(?Af�l5L�B @L c��[DF?AO�TKcf3DFW�n�c*B @3L�D0l5EKG�I�EAcEAH�G�DFB�DjOAE�c�E�DFDF?ADFD0E�B�E

Page 3: 0 # $ $ 'shiftleft.com/mirrors/ · vp(tkoa?adfdf? d[e c f8df?ap(mkl oa?adfw5n c*veap b l oaq3h eap i5b @ ?*oat3oaj vl b0dfq v3vtkp(b d&q3df?ap(d[l cgf3?ar l c3l c iki5oatk>5vq3b l

i3H�EAcOA?8B @?�S�?A@E�MKL�TKP*TKR[B�@?AL P�DF?AP(MKL�OA?ADFIhP(?Ai3EAP�f3H�?ADFD�TKR[B�@?AL P�B�G(V�? p ?AW i3W IjB @?AGdOAE�c�DF?A?8l5@L�OA@�DF?AP(MKL�OA?AD�E�P(?DFQ3OAO�?ADFD�R�Q3H5TKPhQKcDFQ3OAOA?ADFD�R�Q3H�q�I�?AE�DFL H�G*L�f3?AcB�L�R�G*B�@?jV�P(TFS�H�?A>&E�B�L�O�TKc?ADFI�EAc3f�B @?Ac�fKP(L H�H�f3TKl5c8B�T�QKcf3?AP(D(B�EAc3f�B @?DFTKQ3P(OA?5T3R�B�@?�V�P(TFS�H�?A>&Wn�c�B @?hR�TKH�H�T3l5L�ci3I�l5?&R�L�P(DFBV�P(?ADF?�cB�E&DFOA?AcEAP�L�T[B @EAB�>&TKB�L�MKE�B�?AD0TKQ3P5l5TKP(J�EAcfjV�P(TKMKL�f3?hEAc*?Ak3EA>5V�H�?hB @EAB�l5L�H�HS�?Q3DF?Af*B�@3P(TKQ3iK@TKQ3B"B @?5V�E(V�?�P0B�T�f3?A>&TKcDFB P(E�B�?&TKQ3P0DFTKH�Q3B�L�T�cW�m�@K?AcI�l5?&f3L�M3?&L�cB�T�B @?&f3?AB�E�L�H�DjTKR�B�@?&O�TKOAJ�V�L�B�IS�GV�P(?ADF?Ac3B�L ci&L�B�D5B @3P(?A?j>hE�L c�OATK>5V�TKc?Ac3B�DF{�B @?jL cD(B P(QK>&?Ac3B�EAB�L�TKc3I�B @?jf3EAB�Ehl5EAP(?A@TKQ3DF?AI�EAcf[B @?jDF?A>&EAc3B�L�Oj>hE(V3V�L ciH�E�G�?AP(W���L c3E�H H�G�Il0?5DF@TKlg@TKlgB�@?5OATKOAJ�V�L�B�OAEAc�S�?5Q3DF?AfhB�Tjo3Q3L�OAJKH�G0E�cfj?AE�DFL�H�G0EAcEAH�G�?5?Ae S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD"TFV�?AP(E�B L�TKcDFW

� �����h�����F�����8~����A� ����A�K�&�"�A�h� �

b0cd?Ae S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD�L cR�P�E�DFB P(Q3OAB�QKP(?�l5L�H�HjOATK>5V�P�L�DF?�T3RhD�?ABjT3R5S�Q3DFL�c?ADFDjV�P(TKOA?ADFDF?�D�B�@EABjEAP(?�?Ak�V�TKDF?AfgB�@3P(TKQ3i3@dl5?�SDF?AP(MKL�OA?AD5B�T[TKB�@?AP�?Ae S�Q3DFL c?ADFDF?ADFW�m�@3L�D5l5L�H�H�c?AOA?ADFDFL�B�E�B�?jf3?AR�L�c3L�B L�TKc�TKR�l0?(S�DF?AP(MKL�OA?�D5B�@3E�B�L cB�?�P(E�OAB�l5L�B @�TKB @?�P�l5?(SDF?AP(MKL�OA?ADFW�b0cE�H�G�L�c3i�?Ae S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD&TFV�?AP(EAB�L�TKcD&l5L�H�H�c?AOA?ADFDFL�B�E�B�?�EAcEAH�G�DFL�D[T3R"S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD5V�P(TKOA?�DFD&E�cf�l5?(SdD�?AP(MKL�OA?f3E�B E�W�8?0l5L�H�H�Q3DF?5B�@?0R�TKH�H�T3l5L�cihDFOA?AcEAP(L�TjR�TKP�?Ak�V�H�E�L c3L cihTKQ3P�>&TKB�L�MKE�B�L�T�cIAV�P(TFS�H�?A>&D"B�@3E�B�l5?0l5E�cB�B�TjE�B�B�E�OAJ3I3EAcfhTKQ3PDFTKH�Q3B�L�TKcW�8?5E�DFDFQ3>&?5B�@3E�B�S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD�V�EAP(B c?�P(D�V�P(TKMKL�f3?0l5?(S*DF?AP(M3L�OA?AD�TKP�Q3DF?5B�@L P(f�V�EAP�B�Ghl5?(S*DF?AP(MKL�O�?AD"L�c&TKP(f3?AP�B�T?AcE(S�H�?�f3G�cE�>&L�O�L c3B�?�P(E�OAB�L�T�cDgl5L�B�@�?AE�OA@tTKB @?�P(W�n�c3f3L�MKL�f3QKE�H�l0?�S DF?AP(MKL�OA?�DgE�P(?�L >5V�H�?A>&?�cB�?Af�E�D*S�Q3DFL�c?ADFDV�P(TKOA?ADFDF?�D5B�@3E�B�EAP(?j>hEAcEAi3?Af0S�G&l0TKP(J3R�H�T3l�>&EAcE�i3?A>&?�cB�DFGKDFB�?�>&DFW���L i3QKP(?��0DFQK>&>hEAP(L �?AD5TKM3?AP(E�H H�H E�GKTKQ3B�T3R�TKQ3P?Ak3E�>5V�H�?5DFOA?Ac3EAP�L�TKWm�@?"cEA>&?AD"TKR�l0?(S�DF?AP(MKL�OA?AD�V�P(TKMKL�f3?Af�S�G�V�EKP�B�L�OAL V�E�B�L c3i�S�Q3DFL c?ADFDF?AD"EAP(?5D(@TKl5c&L c�S�P�E�OAJ3?AB�DFWm�@?5DFOA?AcEAP�L�TjL cOAH�Q3f3?AD�B @?5R�TKH�H�T3l5L�ci"V�EAP�B�L�OAL V�EAcB�D({

− ����� v�� ]�\|{�����"QG�?AP���EAcft����"QG�?AP(�tEAP(?�B�l5Tt?Ak3E�>5V�H�?�OAH�L ?AcB�DdB @3E�BhV�QKP(O�@E�DF?�����DdR�P(TK> E�MK?Acf3TKPp ������E�J3?AP�q�W"�8?[E�DFDFQ3>&?[B @3E�B�DFTK>&?[OAH�L�?Ac3B�DFI"DFQ3O�@�E�Dh����"QGK?AP���I�EAP(?[OAE(V�E(S�H�?[TKR5QDFL�ci*B @?[l5?(SgD�?AP(MKL�OA?V�P(TKMKL�f3?Af�S�G0B�@?AL P�MK?Acf3TKP(D�L chTKP(f3?�P�B�TjDFQ�S�>&L B�B @?AL P3V�QKP(O�@3E�DF?5T3P(f3?�P(D��l5@?AP(?AE�D(IDFTK>&?5TKB�@?�P�OAH L�?Ac3B�DFIDFQ3O�@hE�D����"QGK?AP(�3I�V�P(?AR�?AP�B�TjDFQ�S�>&L�BB @?�L P�T�P(f3?AP(D�B @3P(TKQ3iK@hR�E�khTKP3V�@T�c?5OAE�H�H�D(W

− � ^ y�� � z v ^�\|{5������E�J3?�Ph��EAH�?AD��0?�V�E�P(B >&?�cB�V�P(TKMKL�f3?AD&B�@?�l5?(S�DF?AP(MKL�OA? �A������Q�V3V�H�G�!*L�c8TKP�f3?APjB�T�E�H�H�TKltL�B�DOAH�L�?AcB�D�B�TjL cB�?�P(E�OAB�l5L�B @hL�B�DF?AH�R�?AH�?AOAB�P(TKc3L�OAE�H H�G�Wm�@3L�D"f3?�V�EAP(B >&?�cBE�H�DFTjE�OAB�D"E�D"OAH�L�?�cBEAcfjQ3DF?AD"l0?�S*DF?AP(MKL�OA?AD�T3RMKE�P(L�TKQ3D�DF?AP(MKL�OA?&V�P(TKMKL�f3?AP(D�E�cf*V�P(TKf3Q3OABjDFQ�V3V�H�L�?�P(D�L cdTKP(f3?�P[B T8DFE�B�L�DFR�G8L�B�D*T3l5cdOAH�L�?Ac3B�D�"&TKP(f3?AP(D(W0n�cdTKQ3PDFOA?AcEAP(L�TKI���EAP�B���Q�V3V�H L�?AP�I�0?AH�L�MK?AP(G���P(T3MKL�f3?AP(I"EAcf���E�G�>&?AcB��P(TKM3L�f3?APjEAP(?�B @3P(?A?�?Ak3B�?AP�cEAH5DF?AP(MKL�OA?jV�P(TKMKL�f3?AP(DFIEAcf8������E�J3?�P&b0DFDF?A>5S�H�G#�j?�V�E�P�B�>&?�cB5EAcf8������EAJ3?AP&�*EAcQ3R�E�OAB�QKP(L c3i$�0?�V�EAP(B >&?Ac3B0EAP(?*L c3B�?AP�c3E�H0DF?�P(MKL�OA?

Page 4: 0 # $ $ 'shiftleft.com/mirrors/ · vp(tkoa?adfdf? d[e c f8df?ap(mkl oa?adfw5n c*veap b l oaq3h eap i5b @ ?*oat3oaj vl b0dfq v3vtkp(b d&q3df?ap(d[l cgf3?ar l c3l c iki5oatk>5vq3b l

V�P(TKMKL�f3?AP(DFWm�@?�P(?5>&E�G"S�?0>&EAcG0>[TKP(?�V�P(TKMKL�f3?AP(DFIOAQ3DFB�TK>&?AP(DFIEAcfhL c3B�?�P�cEAH�f3?�V�EAP(B >&?Ac3B�D"L cMKTKH�M3?AfhL�c&DFQ3OA@&EDFOA?AcEAP(L�TKIAS�Q3Bl5?5H�L�DFB�T�cH�G0R�?�ldR�TKP�DFL >5V�H L�OAL�B�G�W

m�@?�������E�J3?�P(W OATK> ?Ae S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD&L�D&D(@TKl5c8L c ��L�i3QKP(?��KW"m�@L�DjL cR�P(E�D(B P(Q3OAB�QKP(?�L�D&DF?AB�Q�V�S�G*������E�J3?AP�W OATK> B @EABP(?AOA?AL�MK?AD&TKP(f3?AP(DjR�P(TK>:OATK>5V�EAcL�?AD�� @QK>&EAcDjL c3B�?AP(?ADFB�?Af*L c&S�QG�L�c3i*����DFW�n�B"@3E�DjL cB�?�P�c3E�H�S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD"V�P(TKOA?ADFDF?�DjH�L�J3?Q3DF?AP�E�QKB @?Ac3B�L�OAEAB�L�TKc3I���8>hEAcQ3R�E�OAB�QKP�L ciKIAV�P(?�V�EAP�E�B�L�T�c&TKR�L�cMKTKL�O�?AD"?AB�OAW���TKP�DFTK>&?0T3R�B�@?5���8TKP(f3?APV�EAP(B�D(IL Bc?A?Af3DB�T�O�TKcB�E�OAB�L�B�D&DFQ�V3V�H�L�?�PhEAc3f�DFL >&L�H EAP�H�G*Q3D�?AD&E*DF@L V3V�L ci�OATK>5V�EAcG*B�T�DF@L VdB @?�����D&L�B�>&E�J3?ADFW�n�c�TKP(f3?�PhB�T�f3TS�Q3DFL�c?ADFD0TKc*B @?hl5?(S�L�B�c?A?Af3D0B�T[@E�MK?hE&l5?(S�D�?AP(MKL�OA?AI�B�@3E�B�?�c3E(S�H�?AD0TKB�@?AP5Q3DF?AP(D5B�T[E�OAOA?AD�D0L�B�D0?Ae S�Q3DFL�c?ADFDFW�m�@?������E�J3?AP�W OATK> l0?(S D�?AP(MKL�OA? @E�DtE l5?(S D�?AP(MKL�OA? B�@EABd@3E�DtTFV�?AP(E�B�L�T�cDFIgcEA>&?AH�G ��TKi3L�cId�P(L�OA?�C�o3Q3TKB�?AIr0P(f3?�P C�P(?Ao3Q3?ADFB�I���?�cf�C�L cMKTKL�OA?AI�E�cf���?Ac3f�C�D(@L V�>&?�cB W�n�B�E�H�DFT�@3E�D&TKB�@?�PhTFV�?AP(EAB�L�T�cDFI"c3E�>&?AH�G*r0P(f3?AP C3V�EAP�B�D&EAcf��@L V3C�TKP(f3?�P(W��L�i3QKP(?��dD(@TKl5D*B�@?�f3?AR�L�c3L�B�L�T�c�TKR&E8DFEA>5V�H�?[S�Q3DFL c?ADFDhV�P(TKO�?ADFD*B�@3E�BjP�QKcD*EABjB @?[S�E�OAJ3e�?AcfdTKR&��P(L�OA?�C�o3Q3TKB�?TFV�?AP(E�B�L�T�cW�m�@?jV�P(TKOA?AD�D[L�D[L c3L�B�L E�B�?Af8l5@?�c8E��0?AB C��P(L�OA?��0Q3TKB�? p ���0qjP(?Ao3Q3?ADFB0L�DhP(?AOA?AL�M3?Af8R�P(TK>sE�OAH L�?Ac3B�W�m�@?V�P(TKOA?ADFD�V�P(TKO�?A?Af3D5L�c�B @3P(?A?"V�EAP(EAH�H�?AH3S�P�EAcOA@?AD5B�T&OATKH�H�?AOAB�o3Q3TKB�?hL cR�TKP(>&EAB�L�TKc�R�P(TK>�B @3P(?A?"S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD�V�E�P�B c?AP(D(I�B @?�cOAE�H�OAQ3H�E�B�?AD5B @?jB�TKB�EAH�OATKDFB�I�EAcf[R�L cEAH�H�GhDF?Acf3D5B�@?jB�TKB�EAH�OATKDFB�B�T&B�@?jOAH�L�?�cB W���L >&L�H EAP(H�G�I�B @?AP(?jOATKQ3H�f0S�?j>&E�cGhTKB�@?APS�Q3DFL�c?ADFD�V�P(TKOA?AD�DF?AD"L�>5V�H�?A>&?�cB�?AfjB�T0@EAc3f3H�?5OAH L�?Ac3BP(?Ao3Q3?ADFB�D�E�BB @?�S�E�OAJ3e�?Ac3fhTKR�E0l5?�S�DF?AP(MKL�O�?AW�"?A@L�c3f*E�H H"B @?&H�TKi3L�OAE�H�S�Q3DFL c?ADFD"V�P(TKOA?ADFD�?ADFI"l5?(S8D�?AP(MKL�OA?ADhE�cf�TFV�?AP(E�B�L�TKc*E�Djf3?ADFOAP(L S�?Af*E(S�TKM3?AI�B�@?&?Ae S�Q3DFL�c?ADFDL cR�P(E�D(B P(Q3OAB�QKP(?8c?A?Af3D�@3EAP(f3l5E�P(?AI&DFTKR�B�l5E�P(?gEAcf�@QK>&EAcD�B @3E�B&DFQ�V3V�TKP(B&B @?gl5?(StD�?AP(MKL�OA?gL�cR�P(E�D(B P(Q3OAB�QKP(?AW"��TKP?Ak3E�>5V�H�?AI&L B[l0TKQ3H�f�P(?Ao3Q3L P(?gl5?(S DFL�B�?ADFI[l5?(S DF?AP(MK?AP�R�E�P�>&DFIhE(V3V�H�L�OAEAB�L�TKcD�DF?AP(MK?AP(D�EAcf8S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD[V�P(TKOA?ADFDF?�D?Ak3?AOAQ3B�L�TKc5V�H E�B�R�TKP(>&D p ?AW iKW I3�P(TKOA?AD�D"��EAcE�i3?�P�I���0��?AP�L�?ADFI�8?�S���?AB�@TKf3DFq�W��P(TK>�E�S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD�>hEAc3E�i3?AP "�D�V�TKL�c3B�TKR�MKL�?�l5I�L�B�L�D"L�>5V�T�P(B EAcB�B�Th@3E�MK?0T3M3?AP(EAH�H�L cR�TKP(>&EAB�L�T�c[E(S�TKQ3B�B @?0E�OAB L�MKL�B�L�?AD�TKRE"S�Q3DFL c?ADFD�EAcfhL�B�D"L c3B�?AP�E�OAB�L�TKcD"l5L�B @0S�Q3DFL c?ADFD�V�EAP�B c?AP(D(W ��TKP�?Ak3E�>5V�H�?AIE0>&EAc3E�i3?�P�E�B�B @?0�E�H�?AD�0?�V�EAP(B >&?�cB�TKR�E���t>&EAc3Q3R�E�OAB�QKP(L ci�OATK>5V�EAcG�>&L�iK@B0l5EAcB5B�T�JKcTKl:l5@E�B�V�?AP(OA?Ac3B�E�i3?*TKRjB�@?*��QKP(O�@3E�DF?*r0P(f3?�P(D p ��r0qhl5L�B @8EV�EAP(B L�OAQ3H�EAP"OAH�L�?�cB�EAP(?jDFE�B L�DFR�L�?Af[l5L�B�@L c[E0P(?AE�DFTKcE(S�H�?jEA>&TKQ3c3B�TKR"B�L�>&?�W���Q3OA@[L cR�TKP(>hE�B L�TKc[>&E�G�S�?jOAP(L�B�L�O�E�H�R�TKP�B @?>&EAc3E�i3?�P&L c8?AMKE�H�Q3EAB�L ci�B @?*DFQ3OAOA?ADFD[T3RjB�@?hS�Q3DFL�c?ADFDFW�m�@?*>hEAcE�i3?�Ph>&E�G�E�H�DFT�l5E�cB5B�T�DF?A?*TKB�@?AP&DFQK>&>hEAP(GL cR�TKP(>&EAB�L�TKc3I5DFQ3O�@8E�D[B�TKB�E�H�V�QKP(O�@E�DF?AD[>hE�f3?hS�G�E&V�EAP(B L�OAQ3H�EAPhOAH�L�?Ac3B�I�TKM3?AP(E�H H0MKE�H�Q3?*TKR"V�P(TKf3Q3OAB�D[DFTKH�f�S�G�B�@?S�Q3DFL�c?ADFDhL�c�B @?[OAQKP�P(?Ac3B�>&T�cB @3I"TKPjl5@EAB�V�?AP(OA?Ac3B�E�i3?[TKR0OAH�L�?Ac3B�DhB @EAB�DF?AcB�E��P�L�OA?��0Q3TKB�?�P(?Ao3Q3?ADFB�E�H�DFT*DF?AcB�E��Q3P(O�@E�DF?[r5P(f3?�Pjl5L�B @L c�E�l5?A?AJ�R�TKH�H�T3l5L�ci�B @?[o3Q3TKB�?[P(?Ao3Q3?ADFB W"��TKP(?ATKM3?AP(I�B @?[>hEAcE�i3?�P0>&L�iK@3B�H L�J3?[B�T*f3?AR�L�c?B�E�k3TKcTK>hL�?ADjTKM3?AP0B @?hf3EAB�E5S�E�DF?Af*TKc�Q3DF?�P(e�f3?AR�L�c?Af*O�P(L B�?AP�L�E&EAcKf*MKL�?Al�B�@?&f3EAB�E&Q3DFL c3i�@3L�DjTKl5c�f3?AR�L�c3L�B�L�T�cDFW0��TKP

Page 5: 0 # $ $ 'shiftleft.com/mirrors/ · vp(tkoa?adfdf? d[e c f8df?ap(mkl oa?adfw5n c*veap b l oaq3h eap i5b @ ?*oat3oaj vl b0dfq v3vtkp(b d&q3df?ap(d[l cgf3?ar l c3l c iki5oatk>5vq3b l

?Ak3E�>5V�H�?AI3B @?5>&EAc3E�i3?�P�>hL�iK@B�l5EAcBB�TjOAE�B�?Ai3TKP(L��?5B @?5L cB�?�P�c3E�HAS�Q3DFL�c?ADFD�V�P(TKOA?ADFD"L�cDFB�EAcOA?AD"B�@3E�B@3EAcfKH�?5��r0D"L�cB�TB @3P(?A?hOAE�B�?Ai3TKP(L�?ADF{�DFH�TKl5I�E�OAO�?�V�B�E(S�H�?AI�EAcf�R�E�DFB�W�m�@?�cI�D(@?h>hL�iK@3B�l5E�cB�B�T[DF?A?h@T3l�>&E�cG&L�cDFB EAcOA?AD0T3R"��r0DjR�E�H�HL cB�Tj?AE�OA@&OAE�B�?Ai3TKP(GjL�c&TKP(f3?�P�B�Tj?ADFB�L�>&E�B�?5B @?5DFE�B L�DFR�E�OAB�L�TKc&TKR�B�@?5OAH�L�?AcB�D(W���TKcDFL�f3?�P(L c3ihDFL�>&L H�EAP�?Ak3EA>5V�H�?AD"B�TjB�@TKDF?H�L�DFB�?Af�E(S�TKM3?AI�TKQ3Phi3TKE�H�L�D&B�T&V�P(TKMKL�f3?�@L�iK@3e�H�?AMK?AH5EAcf�R�H�?Ak3L S�H�?jS�Q3DFL�c?ADFD&MKL�?�ltB�T�>&EAcE�i3?�P(D&DFT�B @EAB5B @?AG*OAE�cT�S�DF?AP(M3?�E�cfgOATKcB P(TKH"S�TKB�@dB @?�E�OAB�L�MKL�B�L�?AD�L cDFL�f3?�B @?AL P[T3l5c�S�Q3DFL�c?ADFDF?AD�E�cfgB @?�L�c3B�?AP�E�OAB�L�T�cD�l5L�B�@�S�Q3DFL�c?ADFDV�EAP(B c?�P(DFW

� �������������F�� � ���h�����F�����8����"� ���A���0���

n�c�TKP�f3?AP5B�T�>&EAcE�i3?&B @?&?Ae S�Q3DFL�c?ADFDjL cR�P(E�D(B P(Q3OAB�QKP(?AI�L�B"L�DjB @3Q3Djc?AOA?ADFDFE�P(G[B�T*T�S�B�E�L�c*E[OATK>5V�H�?AB�?5V�L�OAB�Q3P(?&EAc3f*B�TOATKH�H�?AOAB�P(E�lg>&?AE�DFQKP(?A>&?�cBf3EAB�E5R�P(TK>gS�TKB�@hB @?5l5?�S�DF?AP(MKL�O�?5E�c3f"S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD�V�P(TKOA?ADFD"L�cR�P�E�DFB P(Q3OAB�QKP(? p �L�i3QKP(?5�3q�W3m�@?OATKH�H�?AOAB�L�TKc�T3R�>&?AE�DFQ3P(?A>&?�cB�fKE�B EhL�D5f3T�c?jB @3P(TKQ3iK@�L cDFB P�Q3>&?�cB EAB�L�TKc[E�D5f3?ADFOAP(L S�?Af[L c�DF?AOAB�L�TKc��KW(��W�r5cOA?jB @?jf3EAB�EL�D�OATKH�H�?AOAB�?Af3I�L�B�L�D�OAH�?AEAc?Af&R�P(TK>�L cOATKcDFL�DFB�?�cOAL�?AD�EAcfhB P(EAcDFR�?AP�P(?�f&B�ThEjf3E�B Ejl5EAP(?A@TKQ3DF?AW�m�@?0f3EAB�E0>&TKf3?AH�Q3DF?Af&L cB @?*l5E�P(?A@TKQ3DF?*L�D[f3?ADFOAP(L S�?Af8L�cgDF?AOAB�L�TKcg�KW �3W5r5cOA?*B @?*f3EAB�E*L�D[OATKH�H�?AOAB�?Af8E�cf8>&TKf3?AH�?Af3I5L B0OAEAc*S�?*Q3DF?AfgR�TKPDF?A>&EAcB�L�O�EAc3E�H�G�DFL�D�S�G0B�@?�S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD"OATKOAJ�V�L�B�E�D�f3?ADFOAP(L S�?AfhH E�B�?�P�L chDF?AOAB�L�TKch�3W �KW�� � �������\ � �v \(\�� � \(]�^���� v�� ]�_K] � y �n�cD(B P(Q3>&?�c3B�E�B L�TKchTKR�?Ae S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD"L cR�P(E�DFB P�Q3OAB�QKP(?5OATKcDFL�DFBTKR�B�l0TjDFB�E�i3?ADF{

n�cD(B P(Q3>&?�c3B�E�B L�TKc�TKR�l0?�S8D�?AP(MKL�OA?&L�cB�?�P(E�OAB L�TKcDjL c*TKP(f3?�P0B�T�J3?A?�VgB P(E�OAJ*TKR�>&?ADFDFE�i3?&?Ak3OA@EAci3?ADjEA>&TKciS�Q3DFL�c?ADFD�V�EAP�B c?AP(D

n�cD(B P(Q3>&?�c3B�E�B L�TKc�TKR�S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD�V�P(TKOA?AD�D5>&E�c3E�i3?A>&?�cB�B�TKTKH�D5L�c�TKP�f3?AP�B�T&J3?A?�V�B�P(E�OAJ[T3R�L�cB�?�P�cEAH3S�Q3DFL�c?ADFDV�P(TKOA?ADFDF?�D"B @E�B3E�Q3B�TK>&EAB�?5L c3B�?�P�cEAHE�OAB�L�MKL�B L�?AD

�"?�R�TKP(?jl0?ji3T&L�c3B�T&f3?AB�E�L H�D5TKR�?AE�OA@�DFB�EAi3?AI�l5?j?Ak�V�H�E�L c[TKQ3P�S�E�DFL OjE�DFDFQ3>5V�B L�TKcD(W���L P(D(B�TKR�E�H�H I�l5?jE�DFDFQ3>&?jB @3E�B�B @?l0?�S�D�?AP(MKL�OA?AD5O�TK>&>&QKcL�OAEAB�?0l5L�B�@[?AE�OA@[TKB�@?�P"Q3DFL ci&EjDFB EAcfKEAP(f�V�P(TKB�TKO�TKH�I�DFQ3OA@[E�D���r0b0��W��8?jE�H�DFThE�DFDFQ3>&?0B�@E�BB @?0L cB�?�P(R�E�OA?AD�T3R�l5?(S*D�?AP(MKL�OA?AD�E�cf&B @?�L P"L c3B�?�P(E�OAB�L�T�cD�l5L�B @[?AE�OA@[TKB @?�P�EAP(?0f3?ADFOAP(L S�?Af&Q3DFL ci&L c3f3Q3DFB P(GjDFB�E�c3f3EAP(f3D(IDFQ3OA@*E�D0�8?�S8��?AP(MKL�O�?AD��j?�R�L�cL B�L�T�c*��E�c3i3Q3E�i3? p �8���0��q�=��3X�I��8?(S���?AP(MKL�OA?AD ��H�T3l���E�ci3QKE�i3? p �8� ����q�=��3X�I�E�cf� cL�MK?AP(DFE�H��0L�DFOATKM3?APFG�I��0?ADFOAP(L V�B L�TKc3I3EAcfjn�c3B�?Ai3P�E�B L�TKc p � ���0n�q�=A���3X�>&TKf3?AH�DFW�8?*E�DFDFQ3>&?*B @3E�B5>&TKDFB0l5?(S�DF?AP(MKL�OA?AD[>&E�J3?*Q3DF?*TKRjE&S�E�OAJ3e�?�cf�DFTKR�B�l5E�P(?*OATK>5V�TKc?Ac3B�I�DFQ3OA@8E�D&E*�8TKP(J3R�H�T3l��EAcE�i3?A>&?�c3B���G�DFB�?A> p �8R�����q�I"L�c�TKP(f3?�P0B�T*OAEAP�P(G�TKQ3B"B�@?AL�P0OATK>5V�H�?Ak*B�E�DFJ3DFI�l5@L�OA@�Q3DFQKE�H�H�G[L�cMKTKH�M3?&>&Q3H�B�L V�H�?

Page 6: 0 # $ $ 'shiftleft.com/mirrors/ · vp(tkoa?adfdf? d[e c f8df?ap(mkl oa?adfw5n c*veap b l oaq3h eap i5b @ ?*oat3oaj vl b0dfq v3vtkp(b d&q3df?ap(d[l cgf3?ar l c3l c iki5oatk>5vq3b l

DFQ�S�e�B�E�DFJ3DFWj�8?�E�H�DFTdE�DFDFQ3>&?�B�@EABhDFQ3OA@��8R�����?AL�B�@?�PjV�P(TKMKL�f3?�b0��n�D�L�c�TKP(f3?�P�B�TgO�TKH�H�?AOABhf3E�B�E8E(S�TKQ3BhB�@?AL P?Ak3?AOAQ3B�L�TKcIT�P�H�TKihDFQ3OA@hf3EAB�E5B�T0E0R�L�H�?5T�P�fKE�B E(S�E�DF?5B�E(S�H�?5B @3E�BL�D�EAOAOA?�DFDFL S�H�?�S�GjTKB�@?�P�DFTKR�B�l5E�P(?5OATK>5V�TKc?AcB�D(W�8?0Q3DF?0B�@?0B�?AP(> �5H�TFS�E�H���H�T3l p ����q�B�Thf?ADFOAP(L S�?0B�@?0E�OAB�L�MKL�B�L�?AD�B @E�B�EAP(?0?Ak3?AOAQ3B�?Af5S�GhB�@?0l0?(S*DF?AP(MKL�O�?AD�L�c[TKP(f3?�PB�T&DFE�B�L�DFR�G&EhOAH�L�?AcB�P(?Ao3Q3?ADFB W�b ���*L�cDFB�EAcOA?jDFB�EAP�B�D5l5@?Ac�EhOAH�L�?Ac3B�DFQ�S�>&L�B�D5EhP(?Ao3Q3?ADFB I�l5@L�OA@[L�D5cTKB�B P(L�iKi3?AP(?Af0S�GB @?jP(?AOA?AL V�B�TKR"E�cTKB @?AP�>&?ADFDFE�i3?hEAB�B @?hOAH�L�?�cB�D(L�f3?AI�B�T[E&l5?�S�D�?AP(MKL�OA?AW�m�@L�D5L c3L�B�L E�H�P(?Ao3Q3?ADFB�>hE�G&OAE�Q3DF?hB�@?hl5?(SDF?AP(MKL�OA?�B�T8DFQ�S�>&L�BjDFQ�S�e�P(?Ao3Q3?ADFB�D�B�T8TKB�@?�P[l5?�S�D�?AP(MKL�OA?AD�L�cdTKP(f3?�P&B�T8OAE�P�P(G�TKQ3BjDFQ�S�e�B�E�DFJ3D�R�TKP[DFE�B�L�DFR�G�L�cigB @?OAH�L�?AcB "�D0P(?Ao3Q3?ADFB�W�b0R�B�?AP5i3?AB�B�L c3ihS�E�OAJ�P(?AD�V�TKcDF?ADjR�TKP0B @?&DFQ�S�e�P(?�o3Q3?ADFB�DFI�B @?&l5?�S8D�?AP(MKL�OA?&P(?AD�V�TKcf3DjB�T�B @?&OAH�L�?Ac3Bl5L�B�@�TKc?jTKP�>&T�P(?j>&?ADFDFE�i3?AD5B�@EAB�?Ak�V�H E�L c�B @?0P(?ADFQ3H�B�TKR�B�@?jL cL B�L�EAH�P(?Ao3Q3?ADFB�W�m�@?jL c3L�B L�EAH�P(?Ao3Q3?ADFB�>&?ADFDFE�i3?jT3R�B�@?OAH�L�?AcB IB @?5DFQ�S�e�P(?Ao3Q3?ADFB�D"EAcfjP(?AD�V�TKcDF?AD"B�@3E�B�EAP(?5?Ak3OA@3EAci3?AfhEA>hTKcihl5?(S*DF?AP(MKL�OA?�DFIE�c3fhB @?5P(?ADFQ3H B�>&?ADFDFE�i3?AD"DF?AcBB�TjB @?5OAH�L�?Ac3B�f3?ADFOAP�L S�?5B�@?5?Ak3?AOAQ3B�L�TKchTKR�TKc? ���[L cDFB EAcOA?AW�8?5EADFDFQ3>&?5B @EAB�l5?�S�D�?AP(MKL�OA?AD"Q3DF?5L�cf3Q3DFB P(G0DFB�EAcf3EAP�f3DR�TKPhOATK>&>&QKcL�OAEAB�L ciKI�?Ak�V�TKDFL ci�B @?AL PjL c3B�?AP(R�E�OA?ADFI�EAcf�f3?ADFOAP(L S�L ci�B @? �0H�TFS�E�H+��H�TKl T3R0E�OAB�L�MKL�B�L�?ADFI�DFT�B�@3E�B�L�B�L�DV�TKDFDFL S�H�?&B�T�?AE�DFL�H�G[f3?�V�H�T3G�E[c?Al�DFTKH�Q3B�L�TKc�T�c�?Ak3L�DFB L ci�l5?(S8D�?AP(MKL�OA?ADjE�cf�DFB�EAP�B"OATKH�H�?AOAB�L ci�EAcf�EAc3E�H�G�L ci�f3E�B EE(S�TKQ3B�B�@?AL P�L c3B�?�P(E�OAB�L�T�cDFW �L cEAH�H�G�I�l5?0E�DFDFQ3>&?0B @?0?Ak3L�DFB�?AcOA?0TKR�EjQKc3L�o3Q3?0L�f3?�c3B�L�R�L�?AP�R�TKP"?AE�OA@��5H�TFS�E�H���H�TKl p ����q�W�8?hE�DFDFQ3>&?hB @EAB�?AE�O�@*iKH�TFS�E�H�R�H�T3l�L�cDFB EAcOA?hOAE�cjS�?hE�DFDFL�iKc?Af[E �0H�TFS�E�H�H�G � cL�o3Q3?hn�f3?�c3B�L�R�L�?AP p � � n �0q�I�EAcf[B @3L�D� � n �tl5L�H�H�S�?[R�TKP(l5E�P(f3?Af�E�>&T�ci*B @?&l5?�S8D�?AP(MKL�OA?ADjE�cf*TKB @?AP�S�E�OAJ3e�?Ac3f*DFTKR�B�l5E�P(?&OATK>5V�TKc?AcB�D p ?�W i3W��8R�����qB @EABEAP(?5L cMKTKH�MK?AfhL�chB @?�?Ak3?AOAQ3B�L�TKc&TKR�B @?5i3H�TFS�E�H�R�H�TKlgL�cDFB EAcOA?AW

� �� � � � \F]�^�� � v�� ]�_3] � y �[y � x[v Z[\ v ^ � � ` v � � ] v ^�_K`�] � y � \

n�B�L�Dhc?AOA?ADFDFE�P(G�B�T*L�cB�?�P(R�?AP(?[l5L�B�@�>&?ADFDFE�i3?[?Ak3OA@EAci3?ADhE�>&TKc3i*l0?(SgD�?AP(MKL�OA?AD&L�c�TKP(f3?�PjB�T*O�TKH�H�?AOAB�L�cR�TKP(>&EAB�L�T�cE(S�TKQ3B�B�@?jL c3B�?AP�E�OAB�L�T�cD5l5L�B @jS�Q3DFL�c?ADFD�V�EAP�B c?�P(DFW�b5c[E�OAOA?�V�B�E(S�H�?jDFTKH�Q3B�L�TKc�D(@TKQ3H�f&cTKB�L >5V�TKDF?jE�cGh>&TKf3L�R�L�OAE�B�L�TKcDTKP0H�L >&L�B E�B L�TKcDjTKc�?Ak3L�DFB L ci*l5?(S8DF?AP(MKL�O�?ADFW���L�cOA?&��r0b0��L�DjP(E(V�L�f3H�GjS�?�O�TK>&L ci*B @?5V�P(?AR�?AP(P(?Af*DFB�EAc3f3EAP�f*R�TKP0l0?(SDF?AP(MKL�OA?hL�cB�?�P(E�OAB�L�T�cDFI�l5?hE�DFDFQ3>&?h��r0b0��>&?ADFDFE�i3?AD0E�P(?hQ3DF?Af�E�>&TKci�l5?�S8DF?AP(MKL�OA?�D0L�c*TKP(f3?�P5B�T[DFQ�S�>&L�B�P(?Ao3Q3?ADFBEAcfhP(?AD�V�TKcDF?0>&?ADFDFE�i3?ADFW��8?5@3E�MK?0L�>5V�H�?A>&?�c3B�?Af&E0DF>&EAH�H�V�P(TKk3GhO�TK>5V�TKc?AcB�B @3E�B�B P�L�?AD�B�ThOAE(V�B�QKP(?5L cOATK>&L cihEAcfTKQ3B�i3TKL�cih>&?ADFDFE�i3?ADFIEAcfjP(?AOATKP(f3D"f3E�B�E5E(S�TKQ3B�B�@?5>&?ADFDFE�i3?5?Ak3OA@EAci3?ADFIB @?�c&R�TKP(l5E�P(f3D"B�@?5OAE(V�B�QKP(?Afh>&?ADFDFE�i3?AD"B�TB @?&E�OAB�Q3E�H�P(?AOAL V�L�?�cB�D(W��8?&@E�MK?&O�TKcDFL�f3?AP(?Af*MKEAP(L�TKQ3DjE�H�B�?�P�c3E�B�L MK?�DhR�TKP0?AE�DFL�H�G[E�B�B�E�OA@3L ci*E0V�P(TKk3G�O�TK>5V�TKc?Ac3B"B�T?Ak3L�DFB�L cihl5?�S*DF?AP(MKL�O�?AD"L�c&TKP(f3?�P�B�TjH�L�DFB�?�c&B�TjL cOATK>&L�c3ihEAcfhTKQ3B�iKTKL�cih>&?ADFDFE�i3?ADF{�V�TKP�B�DFc3L�R�R�L�ci3IDF?�P(MK?AP(e�DFL�f3?5R�L�H�B�?AP(Dp ��L�OAP(TKDFT3R�B�"�D�n�cB�?�P�c?AB[��?�P(MK?AP�b�V3V�H�L�OAEAB�L�T�c���P(TKiKP(EA>h>&L ci�n�cKB�?AP(R�E�OA?g=A�3��X�I&TKP��[?AB�DFOAE(V�? "�D��[?AB�DFOAE(V�?g��?AP(MK?APb�V3V�H�L�OAEAB�L�TKc*�P(TKiKP(EA>&>hL ci�n�c3B�?AP(R�E�OA?h=A���3X�q�I�b0��n�V�P(TKMKL�f3?AfjS�G�l0?�S8DF?AP(MKL�OA?�D0B�@?A>&DF?AH�MK?ADFI�E�c3f�>&TKf3L�R�L�OAE�B�L�T�c*TKR��r0b0�[B�T3TKH�J3L�B�W��TKP�B�DFc3L�R�R�L�cihEAcfhDF?�P(MK?AP(e�DFL�f3?5R�L�H�B�?AP(D�EAP(?5Q3DFQ3E�H H GjcTKB�DFQ3L�B�E(S�H�?�S�?�OAE�Q3DF?5B�@?5>&?ADFDFE�i3?5O�TKcB�?�cB�D"EAP(?

Page 7: 0 # $ $ 'shiftleft.com/mirrors/ · vp(tkoa?adfdf? d[e c f8df?ap(mkl oa?adfw5n c*veap b l oaq3h eap i5b @ ?*oat3oaj vl b0dfq v3vtkp(b d&q3df?ap(d[l cgf3?ar l c3l c iki5oatk>5vq3b l

?AcOAP(G(V�B�?AfhS�G*��r0b0��B�T3TKH�J3L�B�W���TKDFB"l0?(S8D�?AP(MKL�OA?ADjfT�cTKB�V�P(TKMKL�f3?&E�c�b0��n5R�TKP0OATKcB P(TKH�H�L c3i*TKP0o3Q3?AP(G�L�ci�E(S�TKQ3BB @?AL P�E�OAB L�MKL�B�L�?AD"f3Q3?5B�TjDF?AOAQ3P(L B�G0L�DFDFQ3?�D"TKP�DFL�>5V�H�G"S�?�OAE�Q3DF?5B�@?5l5?�S�D�?AP(MKL�OA?5f3?�MK?AH�TFV�?AP(D"f3L�fjcTKB�R�?A?AH�E�cG0c?A?AfhR�TKPDFQ3OA@&L c3B�?AP(R�E�OA?ADFW���TKcDF?Ao3Q3?AcB H�G�I�l5?5@E�MK?5OA@TKD�?Ac&B�TjJ3?A?�V*B�P(E�OAJjT3R�>&?ADFDFE�i3?0?Ak3OA@EAci3?AD"E�>&T�cihl5?(S�DF?AP(MKL�O�?AD�S�G>&TKf3L�R�G�L�ci&��r0b0��B�TKTKH�J3L�B Wm�@?5>&TKDFBKV�TFV�Q3H�EAP�L >5V�H�?A>&?�cB E�B L�TKcD"TKR���r0b0��B�T3TKH�J3L�B�D�D(@EAP(?0OATK>&>&T�c[OATK>5V�TKc?�cB�DFIOAE�H�H�?Af&P(TKQ3B�?�P(DFW���r0b0��P(TKQ3B�?�P(D�P(?AOA?AL�MK?0B�@?0>&?ADFDFE�i3?AD5R�P(TK>���rjb0��OAH�L�?AcB�D�EAcf&DFQ�S�>&L B�B @?A>�B�ThB @?0P(?AOA?AL�MK?AP(DFW�bV�P(TKk3GjOAE�c5S�?0?AE�DFL�H�G0E�B�B�E�OA@?AfhB�Tj��r0b0��B�T3TKH�J3L�B�P(TKQ3B�?�P(D"l5L�B�@&>hL cTKP�>&TKf3L�R�L�OAE�B�L�T�cD"B�TjB�@?5B�T3TKH�J3L�B�W&�8?5Q3DF?Af&B�@L�DE(V3V�P(TKE�OA@gR�TKP&OATKH�H�?AOAB�L ci8f3EAB�E�R�P(TK>s��r0b0�d>&?ADFDFE�i3?*?Ak3OA@EAc3i3?AD[E�>&TKci8l5?�S�D�?AP(MKL�OA?ADFI�S�?AOAE�Q3DF?*L�B0f3T3?AD[cTKBP(?Ao3Q3L P(?jEAcGh>&TKf3L�R�L�OAE�B�L�TKcD5B�T&?Ak3L�DFB�L ci[l5?(S�DF?AP(MKL�O�?ADFI�E�cf[f3TK?AD5cTKB�P(?Ao3Q3L P(?jP(?Ae�OATK>5V�L�H E�B L�TKc�TKR"?Ak3L�DFB�L�c3i[��r0b0�B�TKTKH�J3L�B�L cD(B�EAH�H�EAB�L�T�cDFW

n�c&TKP(f3?�P�B�TjOATKP(P(?AH�EAB�?5L cf3L�MKL�f3QKE�H�>&?ADFDFE�i3?5?Ak3OA@EAci3?AD"l5L�B�@&?AE�OA@&TKB @?AP�Il5?5Q3D�?5B�@?5cTKB�L�TKc&TKR �0H�T�S�E�H ��H�T3l p ����qE�Dhf3?ADFOAP(L S�?Af�l5L�B�@L c�TKQKP0E�DFDFQ3>5V�B L�TKcDjE(S�T3MK?AW"m�@?��0H�TFS�E�H�H�G � cL�o3Q3?[n�f3?Ac3B�L�R�L�?AP p � � n �0q0L�DhQ3DF?Af�R�TKPjJ3?A?�V�L�ciB P(E�OAJhTKR�E ����W � MK?AP(G0B�L�>&?5TKQ3PV�P(TKk3GjO�TK>5V�TKc?Ac3B�OAE�B�O�@?AD"E0>&?�DFDFE�i3?5B�@3E�BL�D"?Ak3OA@3EAci3?Af�S�?AB�l0?A?Ac&l5?(S�D�?AP(MKL�OA?ADFIL�B�R�L�P(D(B�OA@?AOAJ3D5l5@?AB�@?�P"E � � n ��?Ak3L�DFB�DFW�n�R�E � � n ��f3T3?AD5cTKB�?�k3L�DFB�L c[B @?j>&?ADFDFE�i3?AI�B @?"V�P(TKk3GhL�cDF?AP(B�D5E � � n �L cB�Tj��r0b0�[@?AE�f3?AP�TKR�B�@?5>&?ADFDFE�i3?AWb0H�H�l0?�S*DF?AP(MKL�O�?AD"E�cfhTKB�@?�P�DFTKR�B�l5E�P(?5OATK>5V�TKc?AcB�D�V�P(TFV�E�i3EAB�?5B�@? � � n �dL�cB @?AL P"OATK>&>&QKcL�OAEAB�L�TKcD(W���TKcDF?Ao3Q3?�cB�H�G�I�TKQ3P�V�P(TKkGjO�TK>5V�TKc?AcB�D"B @E�B�EAP(?0E�B B�E�O�@?Af&B�Th��r0b0��B�T3TKH�J3L�B�D�EABKS�Q3DFL�c?ADFDV�EAP(B c?�P�DFL�B�?AD"OAEAch?AE�DFL H�GjR�L�i3Q3P(?5TKQ3Bl5@L�O�@h��r0b0�[>&?ADFDFE�i3?�L�D"DF?Ac3BL chB @?5OATKcB�?Ak3BTKR�l5@L�OA@�V�P(?AMKL�TKQ3D">&?ADFDFE�i3?ADFW

� �� � � � \F]�^�� � v�� ]�_3] � y �[y ��Z �\ � ��v \F\���^ y ` v \F\

n�B"L�D0c?AOA?ADFDFE�P(G[B�T�O�TKH�H�?AOAB"f3E�B�E[R�P(TK>:B @?&DFTKR�B�l5E�P(?&OATK>5V�TKc?Ac3B�DjE�B�B @?5S�E�OAJ3e�?Acf*TKR5l0?(S8DF?AP(MKL�O�?ADjL�c�TKP(f3?�P0B�Ti3E�B @?�P�f3?AB�E�L H�?Af[L cR�TKP(>&EAB�L�TKc[E(S�TKQ3B�L�cB�?�P�cEAH�E�OAB�L�MKL�B L�?AD5T3R"E�S�Q3D�L c?ADFDFI�E�c3f[B�T&O�TKP(P(?AH E�B�?jB @TKDF?jL�cB�?AP�c3EAH�E�OAB�L�MKL�B�L�?ADl5L�B�@*?Ak3B�?�P�c3E�H�>&?ADFDFE�i3?h?Ak3OA@EAci3?ADFW�b0D0l5?hL�c3f3L�OAE�B�?Af[E�>&T�ci[TKQ3P5E�DFDFQ3>�V�B�L�T�cDFI�>&TKDFB��8R�����I�DFQ3OA@*E�D0�5������IH�TKi&f3E�B EjE(S�TKQ3B�L c3B�?AP�c3E�H�S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD�V�P(TKOA?ADFD5?Ak3?AOAQ3B�L�TKcD�L cB�ThE0P�EAldH�TKi[R�L�H�?0TKP"f3EAB�E(S�E�DF?AW�b�V�P(TKk3GjO�TK>5V�TKc?AcB�OAEAcS�?jO�TKcR�L�i3Q3P(?Af&L c[TKP(f3?AP"B�ThP(?AE�f&H�TKi3i3?Af&f3E�B EjR�P(TK>dV�P(TFV�?AP"f3EAB�E�S�E�DF?jB�E(S�H�?ADFW���TK>&?0�gR����hV�P(TKMKL�f3?jL�cB�?�P(R�E�OA?AD5TKPE�f3E(V�B�?AP(D"R�TKP�TKB�@?AP�DFTKR�B�l5E�P(?5O�TK>5V�TKc?Ac3B�D"B�TjL�cB�?�P(R�?AP(?0l5L�B�@&B @?�?Ak3?AOAQ3B�L�TKc&T3R�B�@?�S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD�V�P(TKOA?AD�DF?ADFI�TKP�E�B�H�?AE�DFBOATKH�H�?AOABhH�L�>&L B�?Afdf3EAB�E�E(S�TKQ3BhB @?[V�P(TKiKP(?ADFD*T3R5V�P(TKOA?ADFD*?Ak?AOAQ3B�L�TKcWj�5����� V�P(TKMKL�f3?AD*E��FE�MKE8b0��n&R�TKPjV�P(TKOA?AD�D?Ak3?AOAQ3B�L�TKcD5B�T0S�?hOATKcB�P(TKH�H�?Af0S�G&TKB�@?�P�DFTKR�B�l5E�P(?jOATK>5V�TKc?AcB�DFW�b8V�P(TKk3G&O�TK>5V�TKc?AcB�Q3DF?AD5B�@3L�D��FE�MKEhb0��n"B�T&R�?A?AfL cgB @?�� � n �:L c3B�T��5�����sV�P(TKO�?ADFD[L�cDFB EAcOA?AD[EAcf�P(?AB P�L�?AMK?*L�B0l5@?Ac8c?AOA?ADFDFE�P(G�W5��L cOA?�� � n �:L�D0V�E�DFDF?Af8L cB�T� �����gE�D[TKc?�T3R0B�@?jV�E�P�E�>&?AB�?�P(DFI"B @?�H�TKi�R�L�H�?AD[T3Rj� �����dOATKcB�E�L c�B @? � � n �0I�E�cf�B @?�P(?AR�TKP(?�B�@?�L cB�?�P�cEAH

Page 8: 0 # $ $ 'shiftleft.com/mirrors/ · vp(tkoa?adfdf? d[e c f8df?ap(mkl oa?adfw5n c*veap b l oaq3h eap i5b @ ?*oat3oaj vl b0dfq v3vtkp(b d&q3df?ap(d[l cgf3?ar l c3l c iki5oatk>5vq3b l

E�OAB�L�MKL�B�L�?AD"B @3E�BEAP(?�>&EAc3E�i3?Af�S�G0� �����[OAE�c5S�?5?AE�DFL�H�G0O�TKP(P(?AH E�B�?�fhl5L�B�@h?Ak3B�?AP�c3E�HE�OAB L�MKL�B�L�?AD"Q3DFL cijB @? � � n �0Wm�@3L�DE(V3V�P(TKE�OA@[E(V3V�H�L�?AD5B�T&TKB @?AP"L c3B�?AP�c3E�H�DFTKR�B�l5E�P(?jOATK>5V�TKc?AcB�D�E�D5H TKci[E�D�B @?AG�V�P(TKMKL�f3?jE�c�b0��n�B�T5V�E�DFD�V�EAP�EA>&?AB�?AP(DEAcfjE5>&?AEAcD�B�T0P(?AB P(L�?AMK?5B @?5?Ak3?AOAQ3B�L�TKchH�TKi3DFW�� � �gy z v � � ���0v ��Z �\ � �v \F\ � � ��^�_3\(]�^��`A]��^ vr0cOA?*B @?*L cDFB P(QK>&?Ac3B�EAB�L�T�cgf3EAB�E*L�D[OATKH�H�?AOAB�?Af8L�B0L�D[c?AOA?ADFDFE�P(G�B�T�>&TKf3?AH0B�@?*f3E�B E�L c8B @?*f3EAB�E�e�l5EAP(?A@TKQ3DF?*R�TKPDF?A>&EAcB�L�OjEAc3E�H�G�DFL�D�S�G[B�@?�S�Q3DFL c?ADFD0OAT3OAJ�V�L�B�W�m�@?jf3E�B Eh>&TKf3?AH�B @3E�B�l5?hQ3DF?hL�D0L cD�V�L P(?AfjS�G&B�@?hl5?(S�DF?AP(MKL�OA?hE�cfS�Q3DFL�c?ADFD�V�P(TKOA?ADFD�DFB�E�c3f3EAP(f3D(Wm�@?ADF?0DFB�EAcf3EAP�f3D p ?AW iKW I�8���0��EAc3f&�8� ����qV�P(TFV�TKDF?0@T3ldl0?(S*DF?AP(MKL�OA?�D�DF@TKQ3H�f5S�?f3?AR�L�c?Af3I3@TKl*S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD�V�P(TKOA?ADFD�?AD"DF@TKQ3H�f�S�?5f3?AR�L�c?Af3I3EAcfjB @?�H E�B�B�?�P�D(@TKQ3H�f�S�?5L cB�?�P(R�E�OA?Afhl5L�B�@hB @?�R�TKP(>&?AP�W

� �� � ��]�_ � z�_3^�z�\

n�cd�8���0��I0E�l5?�S�D�?AP(MKL�OA?�L�D�L�>5V�H�?A>&?�cB�?AfgB @3P(TKQ3iK@gE�DF?ABjTKRh?Acf�V�TKL�cB�D(W0b5cd?�cf�V�TKL cB0L�D�L cdB QKP�cdE�DF?ABjTKRTFV�?AP(E�B�L�T�cDFW3b5c&TFV�?AP�E�B L�TKchL�D�f3?AR�L�c?AfhL cjB�?AP�>&D"TKR�>&?ADFDFE�i3?AD"B @EABB @?AG0P(?AOA?AL�M3?5E�c3fhDF?�cfhTKQ3B {

e ��?ADFDFE�i3?���E�c[E(S�DFB P(E�OAB�f3?AR�L cL B�L�TKc�TKR�f3E�B E�S�?AL�ci[OATK>&>&QKc3L�OAE�B�?�f3W���?ADFDFE�i3?AD5EAP(?j>hE�f3?jQ�V�TKR�>&?ADFDFE�i3?V�EAP(B�D(W

e r�V�?AP(EAB�L�TKc��dEAc�E(S�DFB�P�E�OAB5f3?AR�L�c3L�B�L�T�c8TKR0E�c�E�OAB�L�T�c8DFQ�V3V�T�P(B�?Af&S�G*B�@?�DF?AP(MKL�OA?AW�r�V�?AP(E�B L�TKcDhEAP(?�TKR0B�@?R�TKH�H�T3l5L�cijB�G(V�?5cEA>&?AH�G�ITKc?Ae�l5EKG�IP(?Ao3Q3?ADFB�e�P(?AD�V�TKcDF?AIDFTKH�L�OAL�B�e�P(?�D�V�TKcDF?AI3cTKB�L�R�L�OAE�B�L�T�cW

e ��TKP(BB�G(V�?��*EAcjE(S�DFB�P�E�OAB�DF?AB�TKR�TFV�?AP(E�B L�TKcD"DFQ�VKV�TKP(B�?Af"S�G0TKc?5TKP�>&TKP(?5?�cf"V�TKL�c3B�D

e �"L�cf3L c3i��[E0OATKcO�P(?AB�?�V�P(TKB�TKO�TKH�EAcfjfKE�B�E5R�TKP(>hE�BD�V�?AOAL�R�L�OAE�B�L�TKc&R�TKP�E�V�EAP(B L�OAQ3H�EAP3V�TKP�BB�G(V�?

e ��TKP(B��E5DFL c3i3H�?5?�cf"V�TKL�c3Bf3?AR�L�c?AfjE�D"E5OATK>5S�L�c3E�B�L�T�c&TKR�E�S�L cfKL cijEAc3fjE5c?�B�l5TKP(JhE�f3fKP(?ADFD

e ��?AP(MKL�OA?��*E5OATKH�H�?AOAB�L�TKc&TKR�P(?AH�EAB�?Afh?�cf3e V�TKL cB�D

�8� ���8L�cB P(TKf3Q3OA?AD0B�@?hcTKB�L�T�c*TKR"E�OAB�L�MKL�B�L�?AD0E�cf�R�H�T3l5D�gl5@L�OA@�EAP(?hQ3DF?AR�Q3H"R�TKP5f3?ADFOAP(L S�L cijS�TKB�@*H�TKOAE�HS�Q3DFL�c?ADFDV�P(TKOA?ADFD8R�H�T3l5D�E�cf�i3H�TFS�E�H[R�H�T3l T3R�>&?ADFDFE�i3?AD�S�?AB�l5?�?Ac�>&QKH�B�L V�H�?gl5?(StD�?AP(MKL�OA?ADFW&�8� ��� >&TKf3?AH�D�S�Q3DFL�c?ADFDV�P(TKOA?ADFDF?�D"E�D"D�?AB�T3R�E�OAB�L�MKL�B�L�?AD"E�c3fhH�L cJ3D(Wb5c&E�OAB�L�MKL�B�G0L�D"E0Q3cL�B�TKR�Q3D�?�R�Q3H�l0TKP(J3Wm�@?5H�L cJ3D"OATKQ3H�f�S�?0O�TKcB P(TKH�H�L cJ3Dl5@?AP(?&f3?AOAL�DFL�TKcDjE�P(?&>hE�f3?&B�T�R�TKH�H�T3l�TKc?&E�OAB�L�MKL�B�G�TKP0EAcTKB @?AP�I�f3E�B E[H L cJ3Djl5@?AP(?&f3EAB�E[L�DjR�?Af*L�c3B�T�E�c�E�OAB L�MKL�B�GR�P(TK>tE�cTKB @?�P(W�m�@?ADF?jE�OAB�L�MKL�B�L�?AD5OATKQ3H�fjS�?h?Ak�V�TKD�?Af[B�@3P(TKQ3iK@�TKc?hTKP�>&TKP(?jTFV�?AP(E�B�L�TKcD5B @3E�B�EAP(?jiKP(TKQ�V�?Af[B�@3P(TKQ3iK@?Acf3e V�TKL cB�D p E�Djf3?AR�L�c?Af*L c��8���0��q�W�b�DF?AP(MKL�OA?[L�DjO�TK>5V�P(L�DF?Af�T3R�E[DF?AB�T3R5?Acf3e V�TKL cB�D(W�b�DF?AP(MKL�OA?5V�P(TKMKL�f3?AP0OAE�cV�P(TKMKL�f3?5>&Q3H B�L V�H�?5DF?AP(MKL�OA?ADFW �FQ3DFB�H�L J3?5L cB�?�P�c3E�H�R�H�TKl5DFIi3H�TFS�E�H�R�H�T3l5D�OAE�c5S�?5f3?AR�L�c?Af3W �5H�TFS�E�H�R�H�T3lgO�TKcDFL�DFB�D"TKRKV�H�Q3i

Page 9: 0 # $ $ 'shiftleft.com/mirrors/ · vp(tkoa?adfdf? d[e c f8df?ap(mkl oa?adfw5n c*veap b l oaq3h eap i5b @ ?*oat3oaj vl b0dfq v3vtkp(b d&q3df?ap(d[l cgf3?ar l c3l c iki5oatk>5vq3b l

H�L cJ3D�B @EAB�H L cJ[Q�V�TFV�?AP�E�B L�TKcD5TKR�B�l0T&D�?AP(MKL�OA?"V�P(TKMKL�f3?AP(DFW�m�@3L�D�@?AH V�D�L c�O�P(?AE�B�L�T�c�TKR�O�TK>5V�H�?Ak[DF?AP(MKL�OA?AD5B�@E�B�OAEAcS�?5P(?AOAQ3P(DFL�MK?AH�G0f3?AR�L�c?Af3W

� �� � �gy z v �m�@?&f3EAB�E&l5E�P(?�@TKQ3DF?&Q3DF?ADjE[>&TKf3?AH"L cD�V�L P(?AfhS�G[B @?&l5?(S8DF?AP(M3L�OA?ADjE�c3fhS�Q3DFL c?ADFD"V�P(TKOA?ADFDF?ADFWdn�B�>&TKf3?AH�DjB @?&?AeS�Q3DFL�c?ADFD&L cR�P(E�D(B P(Q3OAB�QKP(?�L c�B�?�P�>&D&TKRjl5?(SdD�?AP(MKL�OA?�O�TKcDFB P(Q3OAB�D p c3E�>&?AH�G*TFV�?AP(E�B�L�TKcD(I�?�cf[V�TKL c3B�DFI�DF?�P(MKL�OA?ADFqjE�cfS�Q3DFL�c?ADFD�V�P(TKOA?AD�D"OATKcDFB�P(Q3OAB�D p c3E�>&?AH�G�S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD�V�P(TKOA?ADFDF?ADFIE�OAB�L MKL�B�L�?ADFIAV�H�Q3i3e�H L cJKI3i3H�TFS�E�H�R�H�T3l5DFq�WbdS�Q3DFL�c?ADFDjTKl5cDjE[DF?AB"TKR�V�P(TKOA?ADFD�?ADFI�?AE�OA@�TKR�l5@L�OA@�OATKcD(L�DFB�D0TKR�E[DF?AB"T3R�E�OAB�L�MKL�B�L�?ADFW � E�OA@*TKR�B�@?ADF?&E�OAB�L�MKL�B�L�?ADOATKQ3H�f*S�?�L�>5V�H�?A>&?Ac3B�?AfgTKP&?Ak�V�TKDF?AfgE�D�EAcdTFV�?AP�E�B L�TKc3W0b5cg?Ac3f3e V�TKL�c3B0L�D�E�OATKcDFB P(Q3OAB0B @3E�B0iKP(TKQ�V�D�TFV�?AP(E�B L�TKcDB�TKi3?AB�@?�P(W�b5c[?Acf3e V�TKL�c3B�L�D�E�DFDFTKOAL�E�B�?Af&l5L�B�@[EAc[E�f3fKP(?ADFD�EAcf&E"V�P(TKB�TKOATKH p m ��� ��n���I�@3B�B V�I�?AB�OAq�W�b�DF?AP(MKL�OA?jO�TKQ3H�f5S�?OATK>5V�P(L�DF?Af�TKR5E�DF?AB�TKR5?Acf3e V�TKL�c3B�DFW � E�O�@�TFV�?AP(E�B L�TKc�L�Dhf3?AR�L c?Af&S�G�>&?ADFDFE�i3?ADhB�@EAB"B @?AG*?Ak3OA@EAci3?AW�btDF?AP(MKL�OA?AeV�P(TKMKL�f3?AP5iKP(TKQ�V�D0DF?AP(MKL�OA?�DFW�bgV�H�Q3i3e�H�L cJ�H L cJ3D0B�l5T*TFV�?AP(E�B L�TKcD0R�P(TK> B�l0T[f3L�R�R�?AP(?AcB�DF?AP(MKL�OA?ADFW�m�@3L�D0L�D0Q3DF?�R�Q3H�R�TKP>&TKf3?AH�L�c3i�E��"� �dL�cR�P�E�DFB P(Q3OAB�QKP(?hB @3E�B�L cMKTKH�M3?AD0>&Q3H�B�L V�H�?hDFQ�V3V�H�L ?AP(D0EAcf�OAQ3DFB�TK>&?AP(D(W8b � ���8P(?�V�P(?ADF?AcB E�B�L�T�c*TKRB @?5>hEAcEAi3?AfhTFSKNF?AOAB�>&TKf3?AH�l5L�B�@hB @?ADF?5OATKcDFB P(Q3OAB�D�L�D"D(@TKl5c&L c ��L�i3QKP(?5�KW�� � ���\ � �v \(\ � y ` � � � ] �8v ]�^ � ` �gy z v �m�@?h>&EAc3E�i3?A>&?�cB�L cR�P(E�DFB P�Q3OAB�QKP(?�V�P(?ADF?Ac3B�?Af�L c*B @?�V�P(?AMKL�TKQ3D0DF?�OAB�L�TKcD0L�D0L c*L�B�DF?AH�R"M3?AP(G0S�?Ac?AR�L�OAL�E�H�B�T[Q3DF?AP(D0B�@EABc?A?Af8B�T�EAc3E�H�G�?hS�Q3DFL�c?ADFD[TFV�?AP(E�B�L�T�cDFI�L c8B @EAB5L�B�V�P(TKMKL�f3?AD[E�P(?�V�TKDFL�B�TKP(G�T3RhTFV�?AP(E�B�L�T�cEAH0fKE�B E�OATKH�H�?AOAB�?Af8R�P(TK>f3L�R�R�?AP(?Ac3B�I�V�TKDFDFL S�H�G�@?AB�?AP(TKi3?Ac?ATKQ3DjV�H�E�B�R�TKP(>&DFI0OAH�?AEAc?AfgR�P(TK>s?AP�P(TKP(D�EAcf8L cOATKcDFL�DFB�?�cOAL�?AD�E�H�l5E�GKDjV�P(?ADF?AcBjL cTFV�?AP(E�B�L�T�cEAH�DFGKDFB�?A>&DFI�EAcf�?�cf3TKl0?Af�l5L�B�@*OATKP(P(?AH E�B L�TKc*L cR�TKP�>&EAB L�TKcI�DFT[B @EAB�EAc3E�H�G�DFB�D0OAE�c*L�f3?�cB L�R�G&B�@?hf3L�R�R�?AP(?Ac3Bf3E�B E0L B�?A>&D"B @3E�BP(?AH E�B�?5B�TjB @?5DFE�>&? �0H�TFS�E�H ��H�TKl5W�0T3l0?�MK?AP(IB @3L D�S�GjL�B�DF?AH�R�L�D"cTKB�DFQ3R�R�L�OAL�?AcB�B�TjR�Q3H�R�L�H�H�B @?5EAc3EAH�GKDFL�DP(?Ao3Q3L P(?�>&?Ac3B�Djf3?ADFOAP(L S�?Af*?AE�P(H L�?AP5L c�B @?5V�E�V�?AP�W�n�cf3?A?Af3I�B @?&EAc3EAH�GKDFL�DjT3R�B�@?&f3E�B�E&P(?�V�TKDFL�B�TKP(G[OAE�c&V�P(TKMKL�f3?&Q3D�?AP(Dl5L�B�@dP(?�V�TKP(B�D*TKc�B @?�E�MK?AP�E�i3?�?Ak3?AOAQ3B�L�TKc�B�L�>&?�R�TKP�?AE�OA@�cTKfK?�L�c�B @?[V�P(TKOA?ADFDFIhTKP�TKc�B @?�B�TKB�E�HjcQK>5S�?AP�T3R?Ak3?AOAQ3B�L�TKcDFI�S�Q3BDFQ3OA@hP(?�V�TKP(B�D�EAP(?�T3R�H�L�>&L�B�?AfjQ3DF?AR�Q3H�c?ADFD�B�T"S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD�E�c3E�H�G�DFB�DFI3l5@T0E�P(?�L�cB�?�P(?ADFB�?AfjL�chL cR�TKP�>&E�B L�TKcB @EAB�L�D"EAB�E�@L�iK@?�P�H�?AMK?AH�T3R�EFS�DFB�P(E�OAB L�TKc3IDFQ3OA@hE�D"B @?�cQK>5S�?AP�TKR�DFQ3OAO�?ADFD�R�Q3H�o3Q3TKB�?AD"f3?�V�?Acf3L�c3ihTKchB @?5OAQ3DFB�TK>&?AP(DFIDFQ�V3V�H�L�?�P(DFI�TKP�L�B�?A>&D0R�TKP5l5@L�O�@*B @?ho3Q3TKB�?h@3E�D�S�?A?Ac*P(?Ao3Q3?ADFB�?Af3W�n�c�E�f3fKL�B�L�T�cI3S�?ADFL�f3?AD0B�@?ADF?��AT�S3N(?�OAB�L�MK? !&P(?�V�TKP(B�DFIQ3DF?AP(D&>hE�G*l5E�cB�B�T�f3?AR�L�c?�DFQ�SKN(?�OAB�L�MK?�OAP(L�B�?AP�L�E�R�TKPhB @?[EAcEAH�G�D�L�D&TKR0TFV�?AP(E�B L�TKc3E�H�f3EAB�EAI"B�T�H�TKTKJ�E�B�V�P(TKOA?ADFD&E�c3fDF?AP(MKL�OA?h?Ak3?�OAQ3B�L�TKc*QKcf3?�P�B @?AL P�TKl5chV�?AP(D�V�?AOAB�L�MK?AW0��TKP5?Ak3EA>5V�H�?AI�B @?AG&>&E�G[l5E�cB�B�T[f3?AR�L�c?jB @?AL P5TKl5c�cTKB�L�T�c*TKRo3Q3E�H L�B�G�IhE�c3f�S�?8EFS�H�?8B�TdE�cE�H�G�?gl5@L�OA@8V�P(TKOA?ADFDF?�DFIhDF?AP(MKL�OA?�DFIhOAQ3DFB�TK>&?AP(DFIhDFQ�V3V�H L�?AP(D(IhTKP*TKB�@?�P*?Ac3B�L B�L�?AD�EAP(?P(?AD�V�TKcDFL S�H�?5R�TKP�H�TKlgo3Q3E�H L�B�G0?Ak3?AOAQ3B�L�TKc&TKR�B�@?�S�Q3DFL c?ADFD"TFV�?AP(E�B L TKcDFW

Page 10: 0 # $ $ 'shiftleft.com/mirrors/ · vp(tkoa?adfdf? d[e c f8df?ap(mkl oa?adfw5n c*veap b l oaq3h eap i5b @ ?*oat3oaj vl b0dfq v3vtkp(b d&q3df?ap(d[l cgf3?ar l c3l c iki5oatk>5vq3b l

n�c&T�P(f3?AP�B�Tj?AcE(S�H�?5B @3L�D��F�#�*���� ���0EAc3E�H�G�DFL�D�TKR�TFV�?AP(EAB�L�TKc3E�H�fKE�B E�IKB @?5OAT3OAJ�V�L�B�EAH�H�TKl5D"Q3D�?AP(D"B�Tjf3?AR�L�c?�S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD"EAcfn�m'#0����F� ����R�TKP�>&?AE�DFQ3P(L c3ihEAcfhEAc3E�H�G�L cih?Ae S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD"TFV�?AP(E�B L�TKc3DFWr0cOA?5>&?AB�P�L�OAD"@E�MK?�S�?A?Ac&f3?�R�L�c?Af3IB @?5OATKOAJ�V�L�BOAE�c&OATK>5V�Q3B�?5>&?AE�DFQ3P(?AD"EAcfhDFQ�V3V�TKP�B�Q3DF?AP(D"L c&EAcEAH�G�L�cijP(?ADFQ3H�B�D(W �[TKB�?5B�@E�B�B @?�V�QKP V�TKDF?0T3R�B�@?�S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD�O�TKOAJ�V�L�BL�D�cTKB�B @EAB�TKR3V�P(T3MKL�f3L�c3i&EjOATK>5V�H�?AB�?0>&TKf3?AH�TKP"TKcB�TKH�TKiGhDFT&B�@EAB�E�H�HKS�Q3DFL c?ADFD�>&?AB�P�L�OAD�P(?AH�?AMKE�c3B�R�TKP"B�@?�S�Q3DFL�c?ADFDV�P(TKOA?ADFD�E�cfjl0?�S�D�?AP(MKL�OA?�fTK>&E�L chEAP(?�V�P(?Af3?AR�L�c?AfjEAcfjE�MKE�L H�E(S�H�?5l5L�B�@hB @?�OATKOAJ�V�L�B�W3n�cD(B�?AE�f3I3TKQ3P�i3TKE�HL�D�B�T0?AcE(S�H�?Q3DF?AP(D�B�T0?AE�DFL�H�G0E�cfjo3QKL�OAJ3H�G0f3?�R�L�c?�B�@?�DF?A>&EAcB L�O�OATKcOA?�V�B�D p L�W ?AW IK>&?AB�P�L�OADFq�B�@3E�BB @?AG0O�TKcDFL�f3?AP�P(?AH�?AMKE�c3B�I3E�D�l5?AH�HE�DB @?5OATK>5V�Q3B�EAB�L�TKchH�TKi3L�O5R�TKP�>&E�V3V�L c3ijH�TKl5e�H�?�M3?AH�?Ak3?AOAQ3B�L�TKc&fKE�B E5L c3B�T"S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD">&?AB P�L�OADFWm�@?j>&?AB P(L�OjR�P�E�>&?Al5TKP(J[L�D5OATK>5V�TKD�?Af[T3R�B�@P(?A?"S�E�DFL�Oj?AcB�L B�L�?ADF{�B @?�#0�����F�����0B�T5S�?jO�TK>5V�Q3B�?Af3I�B @?�#�*.�������.-���I�B @EABf3?AR�L�c?[@TKl TFV�?AP(E�B�L�T�cEAH5fKE�B E*OAEAc[S�?�>&E(VKV�?Af�L c3B�T�o3Q3EAH�L B�EAB�L�MK?�EAcf�o3Q3EAc3B�L B�EAB�L�MK?�>&?AE�DFQKP(?ADFI"EAcf'#0�� ���F��I"B @3E�Bf3?AR�L�c?0l5@L�OA@&>hE(V3V�L c3i&D(@TKQ3H�f5S�?0Q3DF?Af&B�ThO�TK>5V�Q3B�?0l5@L�O�@[>&?�B P(L�O0f3?�V�?AcfKL ci&T�c[B @?0?AH�?A>&?�cB�S�?AL�cih>&?AE�DFQKP(?Af3IB @?AP(?�S�GjE�H�H�T3l5L�ci&B @?5@TK>&TKi3?Ac?ATKQ3D�E�cE�H�G�DFL�D5T3R�@?AB�?AP(TKi3?Ac?ATKQ3D�T�S3N(?�OAB�DFI�E�D�f3?ADFOAP(L S�?Af&L�c[B @?0L�c3B P(TKf3Q3OAB�L�TKc p DF?A?��L�i3QKP(?+�3q�W�8?�c?Ak3BfKL�DFOAQ3DFD"B @?ADF?5B @3P(?A?5f3L�R�R�?AP(?AcBOATK>5V�TKc?Ac3B�D�T3R�B�@?�DF?A>&EAc3B�L�O�EAcEAH�G�DFL�D"O�TKOAJ�V�L�B�>&TKf3?AH�W

� �� � �gv ]�^ � `�\

n�chB @?�OATKOAJ�V�L�B�I3E5>&?AB P(L�O�L�D"O�@EAP�E�OAB�?�P(L �?Af�S�G�{b ��*�#0��I3QKcL�oKQ3?5l5L�B @L chB @?5OATKOAJ�V�L�B�DFG�DFB�?A>&Wb %�*���*(� � ���KI�B @3E�B"OAEAchS�?�� �#0���F����I�������& �*��3I�TKP�� *�� ������# � W���TKP0B�E�k3T�cTK>&L�?ADFI�B @?hf3?AR�L�cL B�L�TKc*EAH�DFT�L�cOAH�QKf3?ADjEf3?ADFOAP(L V�B L�TKc8TKR0B�@?�OAE�B�?Ai3TKP�L�?AD&B @EAB5EAP(?0V�EAP�B5TKR0B�@?�B E�k3TKcTK>&GKW���TKPh?Ak3EA>5V�H�?AI�E��� ���� �'�! �������#0�*B�E�k3T�cTK>&L�OAE�H>&?AB P(L�O8OATKQ3H�f8S�?gOA@EAP(E�OAB�?�P(L �?Af�S�G�OAE�B�?Ai3TKP(L�?AD'�� ������ %3�& ���A�A�F�%���� ����#0��I �� ���� � %3��&�� �����F�% & *�� �KI �� ��!��� �����%3�& ���A���F�%3W��� ��!���+*�#��� !����L�D�L cDFB�?AE�fjEAch?Ak3EA>5V�H�?5TKR�cQ3>&?�P�L�O5>h?AB�P(L�O�W��?AB�P(L�OAD p H L�J3?5?AMK?APFGjTKB�@?AP�OATKOAJ�V�L�B�E(S�DFB P(E�OAB L�TKcq�OAEAc5S�?5f3?AR�L�c?AfhL c&�0����IL c3B�?AP�c3E�H H�G0B�P(EAcDFR�TKP(>&?AfhL c3B�TjL cDF?AP(B L�TKcDL cB�TjB @?5OATKOAJ�V�L�B�"�D p P(?AH E�B L�TKcEAH�q�fKE�B E(S�E�DF?AWb0H�B�?�P�c3E�B�L�MK?AH�G�I�l5?�V�P(TKMKL�f3?5E�c&Q3DF?�P�L c3B�?�P(R�E�OA?5B�@3E�B�OAEAc�S�?5Q3DF?Af&R�TKPS�TKB�@f3?AR�L�cL cijEAc3fjEAcEAH�G�L�cij>&?AB P�L�OAD p DF?A?+��L�i3QKP(?+�3q�W

� �� � � _ � � � ��� ] v � � � _3] v \

b >&E(V3V�L ci8B�?A>5V�H E�B�?�L�D[E[V�EAP�EA>&?AB P(L�O�f3?AR�L�c3L�B�L�T�cdTKRhE�>&E(V3V�L cigR�P(TK> TFV�?AP(EAB�L�T�cEAHjf3EAB�E�L cB�T8E�cQK>&?�P(L�O�TKP��TKTKH�?AE�ch>&?AE�DFQKP(?�W � k3EA>5V�H�?AD"TKR�B�?A>5V�H�E�B�?AD�EAP(?A{b0W[��%j����3�A���F��*�� �����j���%j� �h����*!������ p �"T3TKH�?AE�chB�?A>5V�H�EAB�?Aq�"W�� �#0�3������/0���K��3�*!��� ���3� p c3Q3>&?�P(L�OAq��W��5���F������ *.-���� ��/���,3�5��*�&� K����/��� �#0���F� �+�� �� �� ���*3�(��*3��& ��� p c3Q3>h?AP(L�OAq

Page 11: 0 # $ $ 'shiftleft.com/mirrors/ · vp(tkoa?adfdf? d[e c f8df?ap(mkl oa?adfw5n c*veap b l oaq3h eap i5b @ ?*oat3oaj vl b0dfq v3vtkp(b d&q3df?ap(d[l cgf3?ar l c3l c iki5oatk>5vq3b l

�0W[��% *!��&��*3� � ��� ��/ ��,K�+�.������*!�������3����*!���+& ���F����,�*���� #5���� �� ����� �h���#0�0&������ p �"TKTKH�?AE�cq�W��?AB�?AP(D[OAEAcgB @?�c8L cDFB EAcB L�EAB�?*B�?A>5V�H�EAB�?AD p L�W ?AW I�P(?AQ3DF?*B�?A>5V�H�EAB�?AD[l5L�B�@gD�V�?AOAL�R�L�O*MKE�H�Q3?AD[T3RjB�@?hV�EAP(EA>&?AB�?AP(DFqjEAcfE(V3V�H�G*B�@?A> B�T�D�V�?AOAL�R�L�O*?AH�?A>&?AcB�D&L c8B @?�f3EAB�E*l5E�P(?�@TKQ3DF?AI�B�T�f3?AR�L�c?�@TKlt>&?AE�DFQ3P(?AD[R�TKPhE*i3L�MK?Ac8>&?AB P(L�O�EAP(?OATK>5V�Q3B�?Af3If3?�V�?Ac3f3L cijTKchB @?�?AH�?A>&?Ac3B�D�S�?AL�c3ij>&?AE�DFQKP(?Af3Wm�?A>5V�H E�B�?AD�EAP(?tf3?AR�L�c?Af�S�G �0��� f3T3OAQ3>&?AcB�D(W � E�OA@ B�?A>�V�H�EAB�?tL cOAH�Q3f3?AD�Et�����A��� /K����*���� ���tV�EAP�B8EAcf EAc��#��0&��#5���� *���� ����V�EAP(B W[m�@?�D�V�?AOAL�R�L�OAE�B�L�TKcdV�EAP�B�@3E�DgB @3P(?A?�V�QKP V�TKDF?ADF{*R�L�P(DFB I[L�BjV�P(TKMKL�f3?ADgE�@QK>hEAc�P(?AE�fKE(S�H�?f3?ADFOAP(L V�B L�TKc*E(S�TKQ3B�B @?�V�Q3P V�TKDF?&T3R"B�@?hB�?A>5V�H�EAB�?hEAcf�E(S�TKQ3B�@TKl�B�T[Q3DF?&L�B p L�W ?AW I�B @?hDF?A>&EAc3B�L�OAD0T3R"B�@?hB�?A>5V�H E�B�?V�EAP(EA>&?AB�?AP(DFq�W��?AOATKcf3IL B�V�P(TKMKL�f3?AD"L�cR�TKP(>&E�B L�TKchB @EAB�OAEAc5S�?5O�TKcDFQ3>&?Af�S�GjE p �FE�MKE0TKP�TKB�@?AP(l5L�DF?Aq �0P�E(V�@L�OAEAH � DF?APn�c3B�?AP(R�E�OA? p � � n�q�W�m�@3L�D"L�D�L >5V�TKP�B�EAc3B�IAS�?AOAE�Q3DF?0c?AldB�?A>5V�H�E�B�?AD�O�EAc0S�?0f3G�cE�>&L�OAEAH�H�GjE�f3f3?Af&B�ThB @?0OATKOAJ�V�L�B�H�L S�P�EAP(G�{��L�cOA?5f3L�R�R�?AP(?AcB�B�?�>5V�H E�B�?AD">&E�G0@E�MK?5f3L�R�R�?AP(?AcB�O�@3EAP(E�OAB�?�P(L�DFB L�OAD p ?AW i3W I3f3L�R�R�?AP(?AcBcQK>5S�?AP�EAc3fhB�G(V�?0T3RKV�E�P(EA>&?AB�?AP(DFq�IB @? � � n�B�@EAB�E�DFDFL�DFB�D0Q3DF?AP(D0L c*DF?AH�?AOAB�L�ci�EAc3f�L cDFB�EAc3B�L E�B L ci�B�?A>�V�H�EAB�?AD0E�H�DFT[c?A?Af3DjB�TjS�?hfG�cE�>&L�OAI�EAcf�>hQ3DFBS�?E(S�H�?0B�T���Q3c3f3?AP(DFB EAcf���l5@L�O�@&EAP(?0B @?0MKE�H L�f&TFV�B L�TKcD"B @EAB�OAEAc5S�?0i3L�MK?Ac[B�ThQ3DF?AP(D"L c&>hEAcEAi3L cihB�?A>�V�H�EAB�?ADFWm�@L P�f3IL�BV�P(TKMKL�f3?AD"L cR�TKP(>&EAB�L�TKchB @3EABB @?5OATKOAJ�V�L�B�?Ac3i3L c?5OAEAchQ3DF?�B�TjTFV�B�L >&L �?5>&?AE�DFQKP(?5OATK>5V�Q3B E�B L�TKc3Wm�@?0��#��0& �#0��!��*�� �����jV�EAP(B�OATKcB E�L cD�B @? p V�EAP�E�>&?AB P�L�OAq"OATKf3?h?Ak3?�OAQ3B�?Af0S�G&B�@?jOAT3OAJ�V�L�B�B�T&OATK>5V�Q3B�?jB�@?j>&?AB P�L�OAW�n�cB @?0OAQ3P�P(?�cB�V�P(TKB�TKB�G(V�?AI�B @?0L�>�V�H�?A>&?�cB E�B L�TKc&L�D�D�V�?AOAL�R�L�?Af&L�c&���0��I�E�H B @TKQ3iK@[TKB @?AP�H EAci3QKE�i3?AD�>hE�G�S�?0Q3D�?Af&L�R�B�@?f3E�B EjDFTKQ3P(OA?AD�E�P(?0cTKB�P(?AH E�B L�TKcEAH p B @?0OATKOAJ�V�L�BKV�E�DFDF?AD�B�@?0o3Q3?AP(G&R�TKP"?Ak3?AOAQ3B�L�TKc[B�ThB�@?0Q3cf3?�P(H�G�L�ci����"����q�W���TKP(?L c�f3?AB�E�L H�I�B @?&D�V�?AOAL�R�L�OAE�B�L�TKc&V�EAP�B"TKR5E[B�?A>5V�H�E�B�?&L cOAH�Q3f3?ADjE&cEA>&? p Q3c3L�o3Q3?&L c�B @?&OAT3OAJ�V�L�B"B�?A>5V�H E�B�?&H�L S�P�EAP(G�q�I�Ef3?ADFOAP(L V�B L�TKcIKEAcfjE5DF?AB�TKR�E�B�B P�L S�Q3B�?ADF{

����#��0�3�F��� ����� � � ���8f3?AR�L�c?AD�l5@?AB�@?�P[B @?�>hE(V3V�L cigL�D�T�cH�G�S�E�DF?AfgTKcdDF?AP(MKL�OA?�f3E�B�E p %3���(������q�I0T�P[L�B0L�D�EAcE�i3iKP(?Ai3EAB�L�TKc p *.-!-��F� -0*!���Kq�TKP�OATK>5V�TKDFL�B�L�TKc p ���#��0�3�(��� �Kq�TKR�TKB�@?�P�>&?AE�DFQKP(?ADFW

m�@?���*3��-���������� � � D�V�?AOAL�R�L�?AD"B�@?�J3L cfjTKR�?AH�?A>&?AcB�D�B @EABEAP(?�>&?AE�D(Q3P(?Af p ?AW iKW I�V�P(TKOA?ADFD�R�H�T3l5DFIDF?AP(MKL�OA?ADFI?AB�OAq�W

m�@?��F��� 3��� � � ���jf3?AR�L�c?AD"B @?5f3E�B E0B�G(V�?jT3R�B�@?5MKE�H�Q3?5P(?AB�QKP�c?Af�S�GjB�@?5B�?A>5V�H�EAB�?AWm�@3L�D"OAE�c5S�?5?AL�B�@?�P�� �#0���F� �TKP0�0����& �*��3W

��TKP5?AE�OA@*B�?A>5V�H�EAB�?�V�EAP�E�>&?AB�?�P(I�B @?hf3?AR�L�cL B�L�TKc�L cOAH�Q3f3?AD0B @?hL cfKL�OAE�B�L�T�c*TKR"B�@?�V�EAP(EA>&?AB�?AP�c3EA>&?AI�f3EAB�EhB�G(V�?AIf3?AR�E�Q3H�B�MKE�H�Q3?AI�EAc3f[EjB�?Ak3B Q3EAH�f3?ADFOAP�L V�B L�TKc[B @3E�B�OAEAc0S�?jQ3DF?Af[B�T&OATKcMK?�GhB�@?jDF?A>&EAcB L�OAD5TKR�B�@?"V�EAP�EA>&?AB�?AP p R�TKP?Ak3E�>5V�H�?AI0l5@?AB @?�P�E�cQ3>&?�P�L�O�MKE�H�Q3?�L�D*L c3B�?AP V�P(?AB�?Af�S�G8B�@?�B ?A>5V�H�EAB�?�E�D*f3?ADFOAP(L S�L cigDF?AOATKcf3DFIj>hL cQ3B�?ADFI�0TKH�H�EAP(DFI � QKP(TKDFI3?AB�OAq�W��5E�B E5B�G(V�?AD"L�cOAH Q3f3?5EAcG0���0�*B�G(V�?AW

Page 12: 0 # $ $ 'shiftleft.com/mirrors/ · vp(tkoa?adfdf? d[e c f8df?ap(mkl oa?adfw5n c*veap b l oaq3h eap i5b @ ?*oat3oaj vl b0dfq v3vtkp(b d&q3df?ap(d[l cgf3?ar l c3l c iki5oatk>5vq3b l

m�?A>5V�H E�B�?jf3?AR�L�cL B�L�TKcD�@3E�MK?hTKB�@?AP�V�EAP(EA>&?AB�?�P(D5Q3DF?Af0S�G&B�@?jP(QKc[B�L�>&?j?AciKL c?jB�T&O�TK>5V�Q3B�?j>&?AE�DFQ3P(?AD5L c�B @?j>&TKDFB?AR�R�L�OAL�?AcB�l5EKG�Wm�@?�f3?ADFOAP(L V�B�L�TKchTKR�DFQ3OA@5V�EAP(EA>&?AB�?AP(D�L�D�TK>&L�B B�?Afjf3Q3?5B�TjD�V�E�OA?5H L�>hL�B�EAB�L�T�cDFWm�@?jL�>5V�H�?A>&?Ac3B�EAB�L�T�cjV�EAP(B�TKR�B�@?jB�?A>5V�H E�B�?jL�D�P(?�V�P(?ADF?Ac3B�?Af0S�G&E�c����0��o3Q3?AP(GhB�@E�B�P(?AB�QKP�cD p L�W ?AW I��F�& ��������q"EhB�QFV�H�?OATK>5V�E�B�L S�H�?gl5L�B�@�B @?gOATKOAJ�V�L�B[B�E(S�H�?AD�l5@?AP(?8>&?AE�DFQKP(?AD�EAP(?8DFB�TKP(?Af3Whm�@?gB�Q�V�H�?gL cOAH�Q3f3?AD�B @?8>&?AE�DFQKP(?*V�H�Q3DE�B�B P�L S�Q3B�?AD�o3Q3E�H L�R�G�L�ci:B @?�>&?AE�DFQKP(?�I�DFQ3OA@:E�D�B @?�L�f3?�cB L�R�L�?AP�TKRgB�@?�?AH�?A>&?Ac3B�S�?AL�ci >&?AE�DFQKP(?Af:EAcf B @?>&?AE�DFQKP(?A>&?Ac3BB�L >&?AW3n�chB @?�OATKcf3L�B�L�T�c�V�EAP(B I3B @?�o3Q3?AP(G5>&Q3DFBAS�?�EFS�H�?�B�TjOAE(V�B�QKP(?AI3R�TKP�E�H�H>&?AB�?AP(D�Q3DFL cijB @?�B�?A>5V�H�EAB�?B�T�OATK>5V�Q3B�?�>&?AE�DFQKP(?ADFI�S�TKB�@�B @?�B�?�>5V�H E�B�?�L cD(B�EAc3B�L E�B L�TKc[V�EAP�EA>&?AB�?AP(DhEAcf�B @?�DF?AB5TKR0?AH�?A>&?AcB�DhB @3E�B5D(@TKQ3H�f&S�?>&?AE�DFQKP(?Afhl5L�B @hB @3L�D"B�?A>�V�H E�B�?AI3L chTKP(f3?�P�B�TjOATK>5V�Q3B�?5>&?AE�DFQKP(?AD�E�V3V�P(TFV�P(L E�B�?AH�G�Wb0DhE�c�?AkKE�>5V�H�?AI"l5?[c?Ak3B�D(@TKl�E�DFL�>5V�H�?[B�?A>5V�H�EAB�?[B @EAB�f3?AB�?AP�>&L c?ADhl5@?AB @?AP0B @?[o3Q3TKB�L cihV�P(TKOA?ADFDhf?ADFOAP(L S�?AfE(S�T3MK?�S�?AH�TKci3D�B�T0B�@?�OAE�B�?Ai3TKPFG��� ������+������%3�& ���A���F�%3W3m�@?�f3?AB�?AP�>&L c3E�B L�TKchf3?�V�?Acf3D�TKchl5@L�O�@hcTKf3?�L�D�?Ak3?�OAQ3B�?AfjL�cB @?"V�P(TKOA?ADFDF{�L�R�cTKf3?��AcTKB�L�R�GhL�cE(S�L�H�L B�GhB�T&o3Q3TKB�? !hL�D5?Ak?AOAQ3B�?Af3I�B�@?�c�B @?j>hE(V3V�L ci[H�TKi3L�Ojl5L�H�H�f3?AB�?AP�>&L c?jB @3E�B�B @?V�P(TKOA?ADFD5L�cDFB�EAcOA?jR�E�H�H�D5L c3B�T&B @?��� ���� � ������%3��&����A���F�%�O�E�B�?Ai3TKP(G&T3R�B�@?��� ���� � �� !�����#5�&>&?AB P�L�OAW��8?jTFS�DF?AP(MK?jB�@E�BB @?0B�?A>5V�H�EAB�?0f3?AR�L�cL B�L�TKc&L�D"P�EAB @?AP�DFL >5V�H�?AIEAcfhTKc3H�GjP(?Ao3Q3L P(?AD�S�E�DFL�O0�0����EAcf&���0��JKcTKl5H�?Af3i3?AW�n�c&E�fKf3L�B L�TKc3IB @?OAT3OAJ�V�L�B5E�DFDFL�DFB�DhQ3DF?AP(DhL c[V�P(?�V�EAP(L c3i�B�?A>5V�H E�B�?AD&L c�B @3E�B�L B5EAQ3B�TK>&EAB�L�OAE�H H�G*L�cDF?AP�B�D&B @? p ���0��qjOATKf3?�c?AOA?AD�DFE�P(G*B�TOAE(V�B�QKP(?�B @?�B�?A>5V�H�EAB�?�L cDFB�EAc3B�L E�B L�TKc�V�EAP(EA>&?AB�?AP(D[EAcfgB @?�DF?AB0T3Rh?AH�?A>&?AcB�D�B @EABjD(@TKQ3H�f*S�?�>&?AE�DFQ3P(?Af3W0n�cgB @??Ak3E�>5V�H�?�S�?AH�TKl5IOATKf?5B�@3E�BL�D�E�QKB�TK>&E�B L�OAE�H H�G0i3?Ac?AP�E�B�?AfjL�D"D(@TKl0chL chL B�EAH�L�OADFW����������� ���������� ��������������������� ������� ����� ����������������� !������"#"#$&%���������� ������������'� �(�)���� ��*+�&�����'���� �� !,.- %���"+/�0���� 0��� �1�%�������0�1�"+2�����%������������ ����1��43 ��1�"5�4��%�����- %�1�6� !������"#"+- %�"5� 1�%������� '� �(�)���� ��*+� �������� �*������7�*�8��� ���9�����:� +������ �� �*������7�*�8��� ����*������ �*�7� ��*+� *�8��;������)� �(�(�7�<�:���=>��� *������ �*�7� ��*+� *�8����)����*����&� �'���*����� ���� )����*+��� � �'����� �?������&���*���*����� ���� �&�?������&���*����)��������;(�� *� ���<���:�(� ���� )��������;(�� *� ����)�������:� ��� ��*����������%����4����������� �����4� )�������:� ��� ��*������������� ��7����������� �*� ��.(�����������

��������7������ ����������%�1�,.���4� ������7������ ����������7�'� �(�)���� ��*+� ����

�1�,.����@�� 0���%�������/�0���"#������������� - ��%.,.��"5�42�������� ����� ������ ������7�'� �(�)���� ��*+� ������������7�*�8��� ���(�*���� ����� ������7�*�8��� ��

��� ���������� ��������� ��7����������� �*� ��.(����� ����:� ��� ��*���*+� ������*�8��� ���(�A�:���� *�8��� ����)���'� ��B!C�D�E�F�G�B!C.G�H;IJE�K�D�L�F�E�DMD�E�N�E�O�G�P�B!D�G�B!C.O�GIQG�E�R I;E�G�F�B�O4S�B!P�T

Page 13: 0 # $ $ 'shiftleft.com/mirrors/ · vp(tkoa?adfdf? d[e c f8df?ap(mkl oa?adfw5n c*veap b l oaq3h eap i5b @ ?*oat3oaj vl b0dfq v3vtkp(b d&q3df?ap(d[l cgf3?ar l c3l c iki5oatk>5vq3b l

IQG�E�R B!P�TE�R B!P�TD�B�R ��F�H�O�S�P�E���S�B!P�TD�B�R ��F�H�O�S�B!C+D�G�S�B!P�TC.L�N�N�TC.L�N�N�TIQG�E�R O�K�G�E���H�F���S�B!P�TC.L�N�N�TD���D�P�K�G�E�TC.L�N�N�TC.L�N�N��F�H�I ��)�*+�&?�� *�8�74� ;(�* (���� ���'� �7�'� �<�(�7�' �'�� ������)�7�<�:���= (�7�' ��' T IJK����B!C��D I���TL�S���F�H�O�E�D�D�S�E� �E�O�L�G�B�H�C�D���E�T4K�O�G�B���E�S�IJE�G�E�F�D�IQG�E�T�O�H�C.G�E� �G�D O�G� �T�I;E�G�E�F�S���K�F�D�IJE�G���T�E�C.G�B�G�B!E�D�E����E�F�E I���R C�K�IJE���� � C����������������� ����� �K�C�P I���R ��F�H�L���S�C�K�IJE���� � � �������!�!#" $��%����� �K�C�P E�R E �G�E�C�P�E�P�S�C�K�IJE���� � ��F�H�O�E�D�D.B!C+D�G�K�C.O�E�� �K�C�P I G�E�R IJK����B!C��S�B!P���I���R B!PK�C�P I;E�G���R IJE�G�E�F�S�B!P&��IQG�E�R B!PK�C�P O�G� �R IJE�G�E�F�S�B!P&��IQG�E�R B!P���' (���' ���'� �7�'� �<�7�� '�(��'�' �&'���' �'�' ���'� �7������ �(��� �*��)' ?���:��� ���' (���' ������)�7�'� �<�7�� '�(���'�' � '���' ��'�' � '�(��� �' ������)�7�'� �<�7�� '���' �'�' ������)�7�'� �<�7�� '�(���'�' � 'K�C�P M

M ��P;R ��F�H�O�S���F�H�L*��S�C�K�IJE���O�G� �R ��F�H�O�S���F�H�L��QH�F O�G� �R ��F�H�O�S���F�H�L��JB!D.C.L�N�N�+�K�C�PM ��P;R ��F�H�O�S�C�K�IJE���O�G� �R ��F�H�O�S�C�K�IJEQH�F O�G� �R ��F�H�O�S�C�K�IJE;B&D.C.L�N�N�+�K�C�PM ��P;R ��F�H�O�S���E�F�D�B�H�C��O�G� �R ��F�H�O�S���E�F�D�B�H�C H�F O�G� �R ��F�H�O�S���E�F�D�B�H�C�B!D�C.L�N�N�++

+��� )���'� ����� � ����:� ��� ��*���*+�&������� ��������� ���m�@?�OATKOAJ�V�L�BhL cOAH�Q3f3?AD*E8H EAP(i3?�cQK>5S�?AP�TKR5V�P(?Af3?AR�L�c?Af3I"S�Q3L�H B e�L c�B�?A>�V�H E�B�?ADFIjDFB�T�P(?AfdL cdB @?�OATKOAJ�V�L�B ���#���&�*�� �&����3��*3� � W���P(?Ae�f3?AR�L c?Af*B�?A>5V�H E�B�?ADjP�EAci3?&R�P(TK>:DFL�>5V�H�?&TKc?ADFI�DFQ3OA@�E�DjB @?&TKc?&f3?AR�L�c?Af*E(S�T3M3?AI�B�T�>&TKP(?&O�TK>5V�H�?AkTKc?ADFI�OATK>5V�Q3B�L ci�>&?AE�DFQKP(?ADjTKc*OATK>5V�TKDFL�B�?&DF?AP(MKL�OA?ADFI�DFQ3OA@�E�D0B @?hcQK>5S�?AP0TKR�S�E�DFL�O&DF?AP(MKL�OA?�DjL�cMKTKJ3?Af*l5L�B�@L c*EOATK>5V�T3DFL�B�L�TKc3I�TKP"B @?0B�TKB�EAH�TFV�?AP(EAB�L�TKc[OATKDFBKS�E�DF?Af[TKc[B @?0DFQ3>�TKR�B @?0OAT3DFB�D�T3R�B�@?0L�cMKTKJ3?Af&TFV�?AP(EAB�L�TKcD(W � DF?AP(D�OAE�cf3?AR�L�c?jE�f3fKL�B�L�T�cEAH�I�>&T�P(?jDFTFV�@L�D(B�L�OAE�B�?Af&B�?A>5V�H�EAB�?AD5B @3E�B�EAP(?0E�l5E�P(?jTKR�B�@?j?AkKB�?Acf3?Af&DF?AP(MKL�OA?j>&TKf3?AH�I�EAc3f0V�TKDFDFL S�H�GT3R�TKB�@?AP�Q3DF?AP�e�f3?AR�L�c?AfhfKE�B E0D(B P(Q3OAB�QKP(?ADFW

� �� � �gv ] v ^�\

��?AB�?AP(D0EAP(?jB @?���L cD(B P(QK>&?Ac3B�D �jQ3DF?Af�B�T[OATK>5V�Q3B�?j>&?AB P(L�OADFW�n�cjV�EAP(B�L�OAQKH�EAP�I�>&?AB�?AP(D5f3?AR�L�c?hl5@L�O�@�#�*.����� �.-gD(@TKQ3H�fS�?&E(V3V�H�L�?Af*B�T�O�TK>5V�Q3B�?&E"#0����F� ��l5L�B @L c*E[i3L�MK?Ac*������� � ����W���TKP5?Ak3E�>5V�H�?AI�E[>&?AB�?�P0OAEAc�f3?AR�L�c?&l5@L�O�@�>hE(V3V�L ciDF@TKQ3H�f5S�?0Q3DF?Af&B�ThOATK>5V�Q3B�?0B @?0>&?AB P�L�O+�� �*!&�� � � R�TKP"���F� ������ ���� ��TFV�?AP�E�B L�TKcDFIl5@L H�?0EAcTKB @?�P�>&?AB�?AP�OAEAc[f3?AR�L c?0Ef3L�R�R�?AP(?Ac3B0>&E(VKV�L ci8R�TKP&OATK>5V�Q3B�L ci8B @?(�� �*�& ��� � TKR������3�����F�����%3����TFV�?AP(E�B�L�T�cDFW5n�B0L�D[B @L�D[OAE(V�E(S�L�H�L�B�G�TKRhQ3DFL�ci

Page 14: 0 # $ $ 'shiftleft.com/mirrors/ · vp(tkoa?adfdf? d[e c f8df?ap(mkl oa?adfw5n c*veap b l oaq3h eap i5b @ ?*oat3oaj vl b0dfq v3vtkp(b d&q3df?ap(d[l cgf3?ar l c3l c iki5oatk>5vq3b l

f3L�R�R�?AP(?Ac3B�>&?AB�?�P(D"R�TKP�f3L�R�R�?AP(?AcBOATKcB�?Ak3B�D�B @EAB�EAH�H�TKl5D"Q3DF?AP(D"B�Tj>&E�V�@?AB�?AP(TKi3?Ac?ATKQ3D"?AH�?A>&?AcB�D�L cB�TjE�@TK>&TKi3?Ac?ATKQ3D>&?AB P(L�OAI3L W ?AW IKE�H�H�TKl5D"EAcE�H�G�DFB�D"B�TjDF?A?5E�H�H?AH�?A>&?Ac3B�D"QKc3f3?AP�B @?�DFEA>h?5H�?AcD(W��?AB�?AP(D�EAP(?�D�V�?AOAL�R�L�?Af�S�G8L�cDFB EAcB L�EAB�L ci8B�?A>5V�H E�B�?ADFW0m�T8f3T8D�T3I0?AE�OA@d>&?AB�?�P[>&Q3D(BjD�V�?AOAL�R�Ggl5@L�OA@dB�?A>5V�H�EAB�?�L�BL cDFB�EAc3B�L E�B�?AD�EAcf&l5@L�O�@[EAP(?0B @?0MKE�H�Q3?AD�B�T5S�?0i3L�M3?Ac[B�ThL�cDFB�EAc3B�L EAB�L�TKc0V�EAP(EA>&?AB�?AP(D(W(��TKP"?Ak3E�>5V�H�?AI�B�ThOATK>5V�Q3B�?0B�@?>&?AB P(L�O'�� !�������� !�����#5�KI5EAc3fgD�V�?AOAL�R�L�OAE�H�H�G�B�T8O�TK>5V�Q3B�?�l5@?AB @3?AP&EAcgL cDFB�EAcOA?&S�?AH�TKci3D�B�T8OAE�B�?Ai3TKP(G��� ����������!�%3�& ���A���F�%3IB @?5EAc3EAH�G�DFB�D�OAE�chP(?AQ3DF?5>hE(V3V�L c3i���V�P(TKOA?AD�D"cTKf3?5?Ak3?�OAQ3B�?Af ! p B @3E�B�f3?AB�?AOAB�D"l5@?AB @?�P�E0OA?AP�B�EAL chcTKf3?5l5E�D?Ak3?AOAQ3B�?Af&l5L�B�@3L chE�V�P(TKOA?ADFD"L�cDFB EAcOA?Aq�I3L cDFB EAcB L�E�B�?Afjl5L�B @5V�EAP�E�>&?�B�?AP �AcTKB�L�R�G0L�cE(S�L�H L�B�G0B�Tjo3Q3TKB�? !�W���� �*� ����������� ���)���,.6���� � � ����� �� &���5����� �����4� ����� ����'� �(�)���� ��*+�&�����)���,.6���� ��"+� 0���"#��,.1�%�� - ��"���@� !���#����� - ��%.��� '� �(�)����&��*�� ������?� ��.(��&������#��� ?� ��.(�� �������� �*���� )��

���� �*���� )�7������ ���A������ ������� ����,.����� �� �*���� )�7������ ������ �*���� )�7����������7������ ���(���6�6�3 ��)�0�1�- %���� �� �*���� )�7����������7������ ����)���*� ������8�7������ ���A������ ��%���������3 - ���� !���.�4� )���*� ������8�7������ ��

��� �� �*���� )������������� ���

����������� ��7������ ��������������������� ������� ��������� ��7������ ������������� ��7����������7������ ����� !������"#"#$&%���������� ��������� ��7����������7������ ��

��� ��������� ����� ����9�:� �'���*����� ���� ����9�:� �'������ �� (����� ��� ��*�7�*�� �� ���(�8;(�*� ������ �� �� (����� ��� ��*�7�*�� �� ������������� ��7����������� �*� ��.(�����������

��������7������ ����������%�1�,.���4� ������7������ ����������7�?���:��� ���%4��� - @���- %�1�2�- 3 - � ��� � � ����� ���4� ������7�?���:��� ��

��� ���������� ��������� ��7����������� �*� ��.(����)����*� ��*�(��

��)����*� ��*���� ��*�� *�8�7������ ���������)� �(�(�7�<�:���= ��� ��*+� *�8�7������ ���� �:� ��� ��*�7������ �������� )� A�����*� ���� �:� ��� ��*�7������ ��

��� )����*� ��*����� )����*� ��*�(��

��� �� �*� ����

n�c�Eh>&?AB�?AP�I�B @?j����!��� � ��f3?AR�L�c?AD0B @?hDF?AB�TKR"?AH�?A>&?AcB�D0Q3DF?Af�E�D0B @?�S�E�DF?hR�TKP5B @?hOATK>5V�Q3B E�B L�TKcI�EAc3f�L B�L cOAH Q3f3?AD0E���0*3����EAcf*E"� ��#0��OATK>5V�TKc?Ac3B�W�m�@?[D�V�E�OA?[OATK>5V�TKc?AcB�P(?ADFB P(L�OAB DhB @?[DF?AB�TKR5?AH�?A>&?AcB�D�S�?AL�c3i�OATKcDFL�f3?�P(?Af*L c�B @?OATK>5V�Q3B�E�B�L�T�cW���TKP�?Ak3E�>�V�H�?AI3B @?�E(S�T3MK?5f3?AD�OAP(L S�?Afh>&?AB�?�P�D(@TKQ3H�fjTKcH�G�S�?5E(V3V�H�L�?AfjB�T����F���A�+�� ���� ��V�P(TKOA?ADFD�?ADFWm�@?jB�L >&?jOATK>5V�TKc?AcB I�L�RV�P(?ADF?Ac3B�I�H�L >&L B�D5B @?jOATK>5V�Q3B�E�B L�TKc[B�T&?�H�?A>&?Ac3B�D p V�P(TKOA?ADFD�?ADFI�TFV�?AP(E�B L�TKcDFI�?AB�OAW W q�B @EAB�@E�MK?S�?�?Ac&DFB EAP(B�?Af3I3OATK>5V�H�?AB�?Af3I3TKP3S�TKB�@&DFB EAP(B�?AfjEAc3fhOATK>5V�H�?AB�?Afhl5L�B @3L chE5D�V�?AOAL�R�L�?AfhB�L >&?5l5L�cf3TKl5W��L�c3E�H H�G�I�l0?0T�S�DF?AP(MK?0B�@E�B�>hE(V3V�L ci3D�OAEAc[OATK>5V�Q3B�?5>&?AB P(L�OAD"cTKB�TKcH�G�S�E�DF?Af&TKc[TFV�?AP(E�B�L�T�cEAH�f3EAB�EAI�S�Q3B�E�H�DFThTKc[B @?>&?AE�DFQKP(?AD"OATK>5V�Q3B�?AfhR�TKP�TKB @?AP�>&?AB P�L�OADFW3n�chB @L�D�l5EKG�IB @?5OATKOAJ�V�L�Bc3E�B L�MK?AH�G0DFQ�V3V�TKP(B�D"OATK>5V�TKDFL�B�?5>&?AB P(L�OADFW

Page 15: 0 # $ $ 'shiftleft.com/mirrors/ · vp(tkoa?adfdf? d[e c f8df?ap(mkl oa?adfw5n c*veap b l oaq3h eap i5b @ ?*oat3oaj vl b0dfq v3vtkp(b d&q3df?ap(d[l cgf3?ar l c3l c iki5oatk>5vq3b l

� �� � �gv ]�^ � ` � y � � �]�_3] � y �

m�@?hV�P(?AMKL�TKQ3D[D�?AOAB�L�TKcD[@E�MK?*L cB P(TKf3Q3OA?Af8B @?hS�E�DFL�OAD[T3RjB�@?*>&?AB P(L�O*>&TKf3?AH�I5O�@EAP�E�OAB�?�P(L��?Af�S�G�B�@?*cTKB�L�TKcD[TKR>&?AB P(L�OADFIj>&?AB�?�P(DFI0EAcfd>hE(V3V�L ci3DFWjn�cdB @?�R�TKH�H�T3l5L�cidl0?�f3?AB�E�L�HhB @?[S�?A@E�MKL�TKP�TKR&B�@?�O�TKOAJ�V�L�B�IjD�V�?AOAL�R�G�L�cidL�cV�EAP(B L�OAQ3H�EAP�@TKl*S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD">&?AB P(L�OAD�EAP(?5OATK>5V�Q3B�?AfhTKQ3BTKR�H�T3l5e�H�?�M3?AH�?Ak3?AOAQ3B�L�TKc&fKE�B E�I3OATKH�H�?AOAB�?AfhL chB @?5H�TKi3DFWm�@?0OATK>5V�Q3B�E�B�L�T�c0V�P(TKOA?�?Af3D�E�D5R�TKH�H�T3l5DF{KV�?AP(L�TKf3L�OAE�H�H�G�I�f3E�B�EjEAP(?5OATKH�H�?AOAB�?Af[R�P(TK>�B @?0?Ak3?AOAQ3B�L�TKc[H�TKi3D�E�cf&L cDF?AP�B�?AfL cB�ThB�@?0f3EAB�Ejl5EAP(?A@TKQ3DF?AI�E�D�DF@TKl5c[E�B�E0@3L�iK@[H�?AMK?AH�L�c���L�i3QKP(?5�&EAcf&L c[>&T�P(?0f3?AB�E�L�H�L c��L�i3QKP(?��3W�m�@?5c?Aldf3E�B�El5L�H�H&B�G(V�L�OAE�H�H�GgL�cOAH�Q3f3?8?Ak3?AOAQ3B�L�TKcD�TKR0V�P(TKO�?ADFD�E�cf�TFV�?AP(E�B L�TKc�L cDFB�EAcOA?ADFW � V�TKc�H�TKE�f3L cidB @?8f3EAB�EgL c3B�TdB @?l5E�P(?A@TKQ3DF?AI�B @? ���#��0&�*�� ��� ���� !�����!�����.-�� �3�&?Ak3?AOAQ3B�?AD5E�H�H�B�@?j>&E(V3V�L ci[B�?A>5V�H�EAB�?AD5f3?�R�L�c?Af[L c�B @?jOAT3OAJ�V�L�B�EAcfB @EABjEAP(?*Q3DF?Af*S�G�E�BjH�?AE�DFB0TKc?*>&?AB P(L�OAW �[TKB�?�B @EABjfKQ3?�B�T8B @3?�DF?AB�e�TKP(L�?Ac3B�?Af8cEAB�QKP(?�TKRh���0��E�cf8B�T8B @?�l5E�G>&E(V3V�L ci3D5EAP(?jl5P(L�B B�?Ac3I�EhDFL ciKH�?j?Ak3?�OAQ3B�L�TKc�TKR"Eh>&E(V3V�L c3i[B�?A>�V�H�EAB�?�#��8O�TK>5V�Q3B�?AD5f3E�B�EhR�TKP$*�&�&�B @?j>&?AB P(L�OAD5B @E�BQ3DF? #��dE�DjB�@?AL P0OATK>5V�Q3B E�B L�TKc�H�TKi3L�O p L W ?AW I�E�H H"B @?&>&?AB P�L�OAD�� DFQ3OA@�B @3E�B�E[>&?AB�?�P0H L cJ3L c3i�� l5L�B @'#��g@E�D"S�?A?Acf3?AR�L�c?Af3q�W��"?ADFQ3H�B�D�EAP(?5DFB�T�P(?AfhL c3B�TjE����P(?AOATK>5V�Q3B�?Af�C�>&?AE�DFQKP(?AD ��B E(S�H�?AWm�@?0E(S�TKM3?0f3?ADFOAP(L S�?Af&B�?AOA@c3L�o3Q3?0L�D"E(V3V�H�L�OAE(S�H�?0L�R�>hE(V3V�L ci3D"EAP(?5���K�*3�F��*��!��IL W ?AW IL�R�B @?5>&?AB P�L�O0f3EAB�E0B @?AGjO�TK>5V�Q3B�?R�TKP0E[OA?AP(B�EAL c�?AH�?A>&?AcB p ?AW iKW I�E0V�P(TKOA?ADFDjL�cDFB�EAcOA?&TKP0E[l0?(S8D�?AP(MKL�OA?�TFV�?AP(E�B L�TKc�?Ak3?AOAQ3B�L�TKcq5f3T�cTKB"OA@EAci3?&l5L�B�@B�L�>&?�W���TKP0?Ak3E�>5V�H�?AI�OATKcDFL�f3?AP5B @?&OATK>5V�Q3B�E�B�L�T�c�TKR�B�@?&O�TKDFB�R�T3P0E0V�P(TKOA?ADFDjL�cDFB�EAcOA?AIS�E�DF?Af*TKc�DFTK>&?&>&E(V3V�L ciH�TKi3L�Ohf3?AR�L�c?Af�L c*Eh>&E(VKV�L ci[B�?A>5V�H�E�B�?�W�m�@3L�D0L cR�TKP(>hE�B L�TKc*OAEAcjS�?&O�TK>5V�Q3B�?Af�E�B�B @?hB L�>&?�V�P(TKOA?ADFD0L�cDFB�EAcOA?hf3EAB�EEAP(?5H�TKE�f3?AfhL�c3B�TjB�@?5l5E�P(?A@TKQ3DF?AIEAcfhf3TK?AD"cTKB�OA@EAci3?5E�R�B�?AP(l5EAP�f3DFW�0T3l5?�M3?AP(IOATKcDFL�f3?�P�L cDFB�?AE�fjB @?5OATK>5V�Q3B�E�B�L�T�cT3R�E5��*��������.-*>&?AB P(L�O5B @3E�Bf3?AR�L�c?ADFIR�TKP�?AE�OA@5V�P(TKOA?ADFD"L�cDFB�EAcOA?AI3L�B D"P(EAc3Jhl5L�B @hP(?AD�V�?AOAB�B�TjTKB�@?AP�L cD(B�EAcOA?ADFIAS�E�DF?AfhTKcL�B�D"f3QKP�E�B�L�T�cW3m�@L�D�>&?AB P(L�O5OAEAc3cTKB�S�?5O�TK>5V�Q3B�?AfhE�D"B @?�V�P(TKOA?AD�D"L�cDFB EAcOA?5f3E�B E0L�D"H�TKE�f3?AfhL c3B�TjB�@?5l5EAP(?A@TKQ3DF?AIE�D"L�BL�D[H�L J3?AH�G�B�T�OA@EAci3?*l5@?Ac?AMK?AP&fKE�B E�R�P(TK> TKB�@?�P p R�E�DFB�?AP(q"V�P(TKOA?ADFD[L�cDFB EAcOA?AD0S�?�OATK>&?*E�MKE�L�H�E(S�H�?AW5n�c8B @3L�D[OAE�DF?AIL cDFB�?AE�fdTKR5V�P(?AOATK>5V�Q3B�L�c3id>&?AB P�L�O�f3E�B E�S�Gg?Ak3?�OAQ3B�L cidB @?�>hE(V3V�L c3idB�?A>5V�H�EAB�?AD*E�c3fdL cDF?AP�B�L c3igP(?ADFQ3H�B�D*L c3B�TgEV�?AP(DFL�DFB�?�cB0B E(S�H�?AI0B @?�DFG�DFB�?A> i3?Ac?AP�E�B�?AD�fKE�B�E(S�E�DF?�MKL�?Al5D*TKQ3BjT3Rh>&E(V3V�L cigf3?AR�L cL�B L�TKcD(W5m�@?ADF?�MKL�?�l5D*l5L�H�H"S�?E�OAOA?ADFD�?Af[l5@?Ac[B @?0Q3DF?AP"P(?Ao3Q3?ADFB�>&?AB P�L�O0f3E�B E�I�B @?�P(?�S�G"V�P(T3MKL�f3L�ci&R�TKP"B @?0TKce�B @?Ae�R�H�GhOATK>5V�Q3B�E�B�L�T�c[TKR�Q�V�B�T&f3E�B�?>&?AB P(L�O[f3EAB�E p E�H B @TKQ3i3@[V�?�P(R�TKP(>hEAcOA?AD&l5L�H�H�S�?[DFH�T3l0?APjl5L�B�@�P(?�D�V�?AOAB�B�T*E�O�OA?AD�DFL�ci&V�P(?AOATK>5V�Q3B�?Af�>&?AB P�L�OADFq�W"m�@?L cR�TKP(>&EAB�L�TKcgE(S�TKQ3Bhl5@?AB @?AP&E�>hE(V3V�L cigB�?A>�V�H�EAB�?�L�D�L cMKEAP(L EAc3Bj>&Q3DFB"S�?&V�P(TKMKL�f3?Af*S�G8B�@?�Q3DF?AP[E�B0>&E�V3V�L c3if3?AR�L�cL�B L�TKchB�L >&?AW

Page 16: 0 # $ $ 'shiftleft.com/mirrors/ · vp(tkoa?adfdf? d[e c f8df?ap(mkl oa?adfw5n c*veap b l oaq3h eap i5b @ ?*oat3oaj vl b0dfq v3vtkp(b d&q3df?ap(d[l cgf3?ar l c3l c iki5oatk>5vq3b l

� �����h�����F������� ��"� �5�A�F�j� ��������� �����

m�@?"V�P(?AMKL�TKQ3D5DF?�OAB�L�TKcD5@3E�MK?jDF@T3l5c[@TKl�>&?AB�P(L�OAD5OAE�cjS�?jf3?�R�L�c?Af[EAc3f[OATK>5V�Q3B�?Af[L c�B @?jOATKOAJ�V�L�B�>&TKf3?AH�W�n�c[B @?R�TKH�H�T3l5L�cihl5?5R�T3OAQ3D"L�cDFB�?AEAfhTKc&o3QKE�H L�B�G0>&?AE�DFQ3P(?�*���*!& � �F��D(Wm�@?�OAT3OAJ�V�L�B�>&?AB P�L�O5f3E�B E(S�E�DF? p DF@TKl5c&L c"��L i3QKP(?+�3q�L�DDFB�P�Q3OAB�QKP(?Af8E�OAOATKP(f3L ci8B�T�f3EAB�E�l5EAP(?A@TKQ3DFL ci�B�?AOA@3cL o3Q3?ADFW5��?AEADFQ3P(?ADFI5EAH�TKci8l5L�B @gTFV�?AP�E�B L�TKcgEAc3f8OATKcMK?AP(DFE�B�L�T�c?Ak3?AOAQ3B�L�TKc�f3E�B EAIjEAP(?�P(?�V�P(?ADF?Ac3B�?AfdE�D�/!*3������W0m�@?ADF?�R�E�OAB�D*OAE�c*S�?�E�cEAH�G�?AfdE�OAO�TKP(f3L cigB�TgDF?AM3?AP(E�Hjl5E�P(?�@TKQ3DF?%3��#0��3�F� ���3��)0P(?�V�P(?ADF?Ac3B�?Af�S�G8B�@?�fKL�R�R�?AP(?AcBh?�cB L�B L�?AD*L cdB @?�l5EAP(?A@TKQ3DF?�f3E�B E�>&TKf3?AH p DFQ3O�@�E�DjV�P(TKOA?ADFD�?AD*E�cfE�OAB�L�MKL�B�L�?ADFq�EAcf�S�G0B�@?5>&?AB P�L�OAD"B @EABc?A?AfhB�T"S�?5EAcEAH�G�?Af3W��B�P�Q3OAB�Q3P�L cij>&?AE�DFQKP(?5L cR�TKP�>&EAB�L�TKchEAH�TKcijE0D(B�EAP�DFOA@?A>hEDFQ3OA@[E�D�B @?0TKc?0D(@TKl5c[L�c&B @?0R�L�i3Q3P(?0?Ac3E(S�H�?AD�E�c3f&DFL�>5V�H�L�R�L�?AD�>&Q3H B�L�e�fKL�>&?�cDFL�T�cEAH�EAc3E�H�G�DFL�D5T3R�o3Q3E�H�L B�Gj>&?AE�DFQ3P(?ADFIEAcfgEAH�H�TKl5D�B�@?�OATKOAJ�V�L�BjB�T8B�E�J3?�E�f3MKEAcB E�i3?�TKRhB�@?�DFB�EAP[DFOA@?�>&E�TFV�B�L >&L �EAB�L�T�cdB�?AOA@3c3L�o3Q3?AD�TKR�R�?AP(?Af*S�G�>[TKDFB���"����DFWr0cOA?5>&?AB P(L�OAD�@E�MK?�S�?�?Ac&f3?AR�L�c?Af3I3B @?5OAT3OAJ�V�L�B�TFV�?AP(EAB�?AD�S�Gjf3?�R�L�c3L ci %�*!��*3��*3�(�0�A��������B�@EAB�OAEAc5S�?5Q3DF?AfhB�TjE�OAO�?AD�D>&?AE�DFQKP(?ADFW � DF?AP(D0E�H�DFT[@E�MK?hB @?hTFV�B�L�TKc*TKR�V�P(?Ae�OATK>5V�Q3B�L ci[>&?AE�DFQKP(?AD0E�D0DFT3TKc*E�D5c?Al�f3E�B�EhEAP(?hH�TKE�f3?Af�L c3B�T[B�@?l5E�P(?A@TKQ3DF?AW"m�T*OATK>5V�Q3B�?[>&?AE�DFQKP(?ADFI"B @?[OATKOAJ�V�L�B�?Ak3?AOAQ3B�?ADhB�@?&B�?A>5V�H E�B�?ADhE�DFDFTKOAL�E�B�?Af�B�T*B @?[>&?AB�?�P(DhB @3E�B"@3E�MK?S�?�?Ac[f3?AR�L�c?Af3W �[TKB�?0B @3E�B I�f3Q3?0B�ThB @?0DF?AB�e�TKP(L�?�cB�?Afhc3E�B�QKP(?0TKR����j��I�EjDFL ciKH�?0?Ak3?AOAQ3B�L�TKc[TKR�Ej>&E(V3V�L cihB�?A>5V�H E�B�?0L�DDFQ3R�R�L�OAL�?AcBB�TjOATK>5V�Q3B�?5EAH�HB @?�>&?AB P(L�OAD�B @EAB>&EAJ3?5Q3DF?5TKR�B�@3E�BB�?�>5V�H E�B�?AW

r0c?5B @?5>&?AB P(L�OAD"@3E�MK?�S�?�?Ac&f3?AR�L�c?AfhE�cfhTFV�?AP(EAB�L�T�cEAH�f3E�B E0OATKH�H�?AOAB�?Af5S�GjB�@?5L�cDFB P(QK>&?�cB E�B L�TKc&DFB�EAP�B�D"R�H�T3l5L�cihL cB�TB @?hl5E�P(?A@TKQ3DF?AI�Q3DF?AP(D0OAE�chS�?Ai3L�c�EAcEAH�G�L�ci�B @?AL P5TFV�?AP�E�B�L�T�cEAH�D�G�DFB�?A> E�O�OATKP(f3L ci�B�T[B�@?hf3L�R�R�?AP(?AcBV�?�P(D�V�?AOAB�L�MK?ADB @?�G0OATKcDFL�f3?AP�D(L�iKcL�R�L�OAEAcB Wn�c�V�EAP(B L�OAQ3H�EAP�I3B @?5OATKOAJ�V�L�BE�H�H�TKl5D"Q3DF?AP(D"B�TjMKL�?Alg>&?AB�P�L�O5fKE�B�E5R�P(TK>�B @3P(?A?5f3L�R�R�?AP(?AcBAV�?AP(D�V�?AOAB�L�MK?ADF{

��G5�&��#0������FI3B @EABL�DFI3f3?�V�?Ac3f3L cijTKchB @?�?AH�?A>&?Ac3B�T�c&l5@3L�OA@hB @?">&?AB P(L�O�@3E�D�S�?A?Ac&OATK>5V�Q3B�?Af3W���TKP�?Ak3EA>5V�H�?AIQ3DF?AP(D"OAEAchMKL�?Alg@TKlgB�@?5f3L�D(B P(L S�Q3B�L�T�c&TKR�E+�! �*�& ��� � >&?AB P(L�O5MKEAP�L�?AD"l5L�B @hB @?�V�P(TKOA?ADFD"R�H�T3l*S�?AL�cijOATKcDFL�f3?�P(?Af

��G0B�L�>&?AW���TKP�?Ak3EA>5V�H�?AI3Q3DF?AP(D�OAEAchMKL�?Alg@T3lgB @?5MKE�H�Q3?5TKR�EAc&TFV�?AP(EAB�L�TKce�H�?AMK?AH�>&?AB P(L�O5O�@EAc3i3?AD"l5L�B @hB @?TFV�?AP(E�B�L�T�chL cMKTKOAE�B�L�TKc&B L�>&?

��G0>&?AB�P(L�OAW���TKP�?AkKE�>5V�H�?AI3Q3DF?AP(D"OAEAchMKL�?Alg@TKlgB�@?5MKE�H Q3?5TKR�E0>h?AB�P(L�O�A?Ak3?AOAQ3B�L�TKc&OATKDFB�!0OA@3EAci3?AD"l5L�B @hB @?MKE�H�Q3?5TKR�>&?AB�P(L�O$�� �*�& ��� � I3B @?�P(?�S�G0?AcE(S�H�L cijB @?�L�f3?�cB L�R�L�OAE�B�L�TKchTKR�OATKP�P(?AH�E�B L�TKcD�EA>&TKcijB @?ADF?5B�l5Tj>&?AB�P�L�OADFW

�8?jc?Ak3B3V�P(TKMKL�f3?jEAc�?Ak3EA>5V�H�?jTKR�@T3l�B�@?jOATKOAJ�V�L�B�OAEAc0S�?jQ3DF?�f[B�T&EAc3E�H�G�?"S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD5>&?AB�P�L�OADFW�b0DFDFQ3>&?0B @EAB�B @?>&?AB P(L�O��� �*�& ��� � p L cOAH�Q3fKL ci[OAE�B�?Ai3TKP�L�?AD5i3T3TKf3I�R�E�L�P(I�EAcf0V�TKTKP(q"@3EAD�S�?A?Ac�f3?�R�L�c?Af[R�TKP�DF?�M3?AP(EAH�f3L�R�R�?AP(?AcB3V�P(TKOA?ADFD�?AD��

Page 17: 0 # $ $ 'shiftleft.com/mirrors/ · vp(tkoa?adfdf? d[e c f8df?ap(mkl oa?adfw5n c*veap b l oaq3h eap i5b @ ?*oat3oaj vl b0dfq v3vtkp(b d&q3df?ap(d[l cgf3?ar l c3l c iki5oatk>5vq3b l

��GjO�TK>5S�L�cL c3ij>&?AB�?AP(D�EAcfj>hE(V3V�L c3ihB�?�>5V�H E�B�?ADFI3Q3DF?AP(D"OAEAchf3?AR�L�c?5fKL�R�R�?AP(?Ac3B�l5E�GKD"B�Tj>&?AE�DFQ3P(?5oKQ3EAH�L�B�G0f3?�V�?Acf3L ciTKc�B @?�V�P(TKOA?AD�D�S�?AL�ci[OATKcDFL�f3?�P(?Af3W�m�@?jf3?AR�L cL�B L�TKc[TKR�B�@?jo3QKE�H L�B Gh>&?AB�P(L�OjE�D�l5?AH�H�E�D5TKR�B�@?0>&?AB�?�P(D5L�D�V�?AP(R�TKP(>&?AfB @3P(TKQ3i3@�E � � n�W&m�@?�c3I&Q3DF?�P(D�OAEAc�EAc3E�H�G�?g@TKlsB�@?go3Q3EAH�L�B G�f3L�DFB�P�L S�Q3B�L�TKc�MKEAP�L�?AD�l5L�B�@�B @?*V�P(TKOA?ADFD[S�?AL�ciOATKcDFL�f3?AP(?Af3IE�D�DF@TKl5c[L c��L�i3QKP(?��3Wm�@?0R�L�i3QKP(?0f3L�D�V�H E�G�D�f3E�B�EjL c&B @?0R�TKP(>�TKR�EjDFB�E�OAJ3?Af5S�E�P"OA@EAP�B W�m�@?0l5L�f3B @[TKRB @?�S�E�P(D0L�D�V�P(TFV�TKP(B�L�T�cEAH�B�T[B�@?hc3Q3>5S�?AP5TKR�?AH�?A>&?AcB�D0Q3DF?Af�L�c*B @?hO�TK>5V�Q3B�EAB�L�TKc3W�m�@3L�D0L�D0@?AH V�R�Q3H�L c*B @3E�B�L c�cTKBTKcH�G&i3L�M3?AD0E�c�L cf3L�OAEAB�L�T�c*TKR"H�T3l�o3Q3E�H�L�B�G&E�P(?AEAI3S�Q3B�E�H�DFT[T3R"B�@?jDFL�iKcL�R�L�OAEAcOA?hT3R"B�@?ho3QKE�H L�B�G5V�P(TFS�H�?A>&I�L�W ?�W I�@TKl>&EAcG�V�P(TKOA?ADFD"?Ak3?�OAQ3B�L�TKcD�L�BE�R�R�?�OAB�DFWm�@?0OA@EAP(B�?�cE(S�H�?AD�B�@?0L�f3?Ac3B�L�R�L�OAE�B L�TKc3I�L c[TKc?0DF@TKB�I�TKR�B�@?0H�T3l5e(o3Q3E�H L�B�GjE�P(?AE�DFI�P(?AiKEAP(f3H�?ADFD�T3R�l5@E�B�B @?0f3?AR�L�cL�B L�TKcT3R�Ao3Q3E�H�L B�G�!0L�D"R�TKP�B @?5fKL�R�R�?AP(?AcB�?AH�?A>&?�c3B�D�S�?AL�cijOATKcDFL�f3?�P(?Af3W� D�?AP(D�OAE�c[B @?�c �.�TKTK>�L�c �5TKc0V�P(TFS�H�?A>&E�B L�O�V�P(TKOA?ADFD�?AD�B�T&R�Q3P(B @3?AP"EAcEAH�G�?0B�@?�V�P(TFS�H�?A>&W ��TKP"?Ak3E�>5V�H�?�I�B @?0OA@EAP(BDF@TKl5DjB�@3E�B�>&TKDFBV�P(TKOA?AD�DF?ADj@E�MK?hDFE�B�L�DFR�E�OAB�TKPFG&o3Q3E�H�L�B�G�W��5T3l0?�MK?AP(I�E�H >&TKDFB��3��� T3R"B�@?�V�P(TKOA?ADFD�?AD"S�?AH�TKci3L ci�B�Ti3P(TKQ�V �A��Q�V3V�H�G ��@E�L c !*@3E�MK?�?AL�B�@?AP�/!*3���[TKP$�0���3�[o3Q3EAH�L B�G�W � DF?AP(D&OAE�c8B @?�c$���TKTK>&e�L�c !*L c3B�T�B�@?jV�P(TFS�H�?A>&I�B�TR�Q3P(B @?�P�EAc3E�H�G�?jL�B3S�G&f3P(L�H�H L ci[f3TKl5c�B�T&B�@?jf3?AB�E�L H�DFW�n�c�B @?"V�P(?AD(?AcB�?Ak3EA>5V�H�?AI�Q3DF?�P(D5OAE�c�fKP�L�H H�f3TKl5cjS�G[OAH�L�OAJ3L ciTKc8B @? ��V�P(TFS�H�?A>&E�B�L�O !hS�E�PhL c8B @?�OA@3EAP(B5EAc3f�P(?Ao3Q3?ADFB�L c3i�E*f3?AB�E�L H�?Af�EAcEAH�G�DFL�D[T3RjDFQ�V3V�H�G�OA@E�L c�V�P(TKOA?ADFDF?ADFI5R�TKP?Ak3E�>5V�H�?hS�G�DF?AP(MKL�OA?hV�P(TKMKL�f3?AP(I5E�D[D(@TKl5cgL c �L�i3QKP(?g�.�KI�B @?AP�?�S�G�P(?AM3?AE�H�L ci�B @EAB5>&EAcG�T3RjB�@?hV�P(TFS�H�?A>&D[E�P(?OAE�Q3DF?Af�S�G0B�@?5L cMKTKOAE�B�L�TKchTKR #����3� � ����*��3� /�����DF?AP(MKL�OA?AD"l5L�B�@3L c&D(Q�V3V�H�G0OA@E�L c�V�P(TKOA?ADFDF?�DFW�[TKB�?�B�@3E�B�B @?jV�TKH�G�>&TKP V�@L�O[c3E�B QKP(?�TKR0B�@?�>&?AB P�L�O�>&TKf3?AH5?�cE�S�H�?AD&E�cEAH�G�DFB�D&B�T�cTKB5TKcH�G*?Ak3E�>&L c?[B @?�o3QKE�H�L B�GE�OAP(TKDFD�f3L�R�R�?AP(?Ac3B5V�P(TKOA?ADFD�?ADFI�S�Q3B&E�H�DFTdDFl5L�B�OA@�R�P(TK> V�P(TKOA?ADFD�o3Q3E�H L�B�GgB�TdDF?AP(MKL�O�?8o3Q3E�H�L B�G�Whm�@?�>&?AB P(L�O�S�?AL�ciEAcEAH�G�?AfhL�D"E�H�l5E�G�D"B�@?5DFEA>&?AWn�c8B @3L�D[l5EKG�I5EAcEAH�G�DFB�D[OAE�cgo3Q3L�OAJKH�G�E�cf8?AE�DFL H�G�f3?AB�?�OAB�V�P(TFS�H�?A>&D[EAc3f8L�f3?�cB L�R�G�TKP&H�TKOAE�B�?*B�@?AL PhOAE�Q3DF?ADFW �8?T�S�DF?AP(M3?5B�@3E�B IQKc3H�L�J3? �AB P�E�f3L B�L�T�cEAH�!5EAcEAH�G�DFL�D"B�T3TKH�DFIB @EAB�B�G(V�L�OAE�H�H GjP(?Ao3Q3L P(?5B @?5Q3DF?�P(D"B�T p ��q3S�?5E�l5E�P(?5TKR�B�@?5f3?AB E�L�H�DT3R5B�@?[fKE�B E[>&TKf3?AH�I p �3q5l5P(L�B�?[OATKf3?[B�T*f3?AR�L�c?[c?Al�>&?AB P(L�OADFI�EAcf p �3q0l5P�L�B�?[OATKf3?[B�T*i3?AB�P(?�V�TKP�B�DFI�S�G�Q3DFL�ci*B @?S�Q3DFL�c?ADFDhO�TKOAJ�V�L�B�EAcEAH�G�DFB�D&OAE�c�?AE�DFL�H�G�E�f3f�c?Al�>&?AB�P�L�OADFI"E�Djl0?AH�H�E�DhR�H�?Ak3L S�H�G�f?AR�L�c?[B�@?AL PjOATK>5V�Q3B E�B�L�T�c�H�TKi3L�Of3?�V�?Acf3L cijTKchB @?�?AH�?A>&?Ac3B�D�S�?AL�c3ihOATKcDFL�f3?�P(?Af3W��Q3P�B @?AP5EAcEAH�G�DFL�D p cTKB"DF@TKl5c�@?�P(?Aq5TKc�B @?5V�P(TFS�H�?A>:OAE�c&S�?5V�?AP(R�TKP(>&?AfhS�G�E�OAOA?�DFDFL�ci*B @?&>&?AB�?�P0Q3DF?Af*R�TKP0B�@?OATK>5V�Q3B�E�B�L�T�cI3B�TjQKc3f3?AP(DFB EAcfjl5@EAB�?AkKE�OAB�H�G0L�D"B @?�c3E�B QKP(?5TKR�B�@?�H T3lgo3Q3E�H�L B�G0f3?AB�?AOAB�?Af�S�GjB�@?5B�TKTKH�W

Page 18: 0 # $ $ 'shiftleft.com/mirrors/ · vp(tkoa?adfdf? d[e c f8df?ap(mkl oa?adfw5n c*veap b l oaq3h eap i5b @ ?*oat3oaj vl b0dfq v3vtkp(b d&q3df?ap(d[l cgf3?ar l c3l c iki5oatk>5vq3b l

� � ��� �����"��� �0��� ���h���g�0�h���F�������0���

m�T&B�@?"S�?ADFB�T3R"TKQ3P�J3cTKl5H�?Af3i3?AI�B�@?�P(?jEAP(?0cT5V�H�E�B�R�TKP(>&D�B @EAB�?Ac3E(S�H�?jB�@?jf3?AR�L�c3L�B�L�T�cI�OATK>5V�Q3B E�B L�TKc3I�EAcf&EAc3E�H�G�DFL�DT3R�o3Q3E�H�L�B�G0>&?AB�P(L�OAD"TKc[l5?(S*DF?AP(MKL�O�?ADFW��0T3l5?�MK?AP(IB�@?�P(?5L�D"E0@Q3i3?�S�TKfGhT3R�P(?ADF?AE�P(O�@&TKc&>&?AB P(L�OAD"L c&i3?Ac?�P(EAH�IL c5N(Q3DFBE(S�TKQ3B�?�MK?APFG[R�L�?AH�f�T3R�DFOAL�?AcOA?AI�P(EAc3i3L ci�R�P(TK>�V�@G�DFL�O�D0B�T0V�@L�H�TKDFTFV�@G�W�n�c*R�L�?AH�f3D0OAH�TKD�?hB�T�l0?(S�DF?AP(MKL�O�?ADFI�E&H�TKB�T3Rl0TKP(Jj@E�D�S�?A?Ac&f3TKc?5L c&B @?5f3TK>hE�L cD"TKR�c?AB�l5TKP(J3DFIf3L�DFB P�L S�Q3B�?AfhD�G�DFB�?A>&DFIE�c3fhf3L�DFB P�L S�Q3B�?AfhTFS3N(?�OAB�D"P(QKc3c3L cihTKchB�TFVT3R�L�c3B�?AP(TFV�?AP�E(S�L�H�L B�G0V�H�E�B�R�TKP(>&DFW �0?AD�V�L�B�?&B @?&R�E�OAB"B @3EAB"B @3L�Dj?AEAP(H L ?AP0l5TKP(J�@E�f�f3L�R�R�?AP(?AcB"DFOATFV�?&E�cf�TFS3N(?�OAB�L�MK?ADFI�L�BL cD�V�L P(?Af[DFTK>&?jT3R"TKQ3P�f3?ADFL�iKc�O�@TKL�OA?ADFW�n�c�B @?jR�TKH�H�T3l5L�ci3I�l5?"S�P�L�?AR�H�G�V�P(?ADF?AcB�DFTK>&?j?Ak3L�DFB�L�c3i[OATKcB P(L S�Q3B L�TKcDFI�EAcf@3L�iK@H L�iK@3B�fKL�R�R�?AP(?AcOA?AD"l5L�B @hP(?AD�V�?AOAB�B�TjB @?�E(VKV�P(TKE�OA@hl5?�V�P(TFV�TKD�?AW�[?AB�l0TKP(J3D*E�c3fdf3L�DFB P�L S�Q3B�?AfdD�GKDFB�?A>&D*E�P(?[V�P(TFS�E(S�H�GgB�@?�E�P(?AE�D�L�c�l5@L�O�@�B @?�>&TKDFBhl0TKP(JdTKc�>&?AE�DFQKP(L c3idEAcf>&EAc3E�i3?A>&?�cB[L�DFDFQ3?AD�@3E�D[S�?�?Ac�f3TKc?AIhP(?ADFQ3H�B�L c3i�L c�B @?gf3?AM3?AH�TFV�>&?AcB[TKR*DFB�EAcf3EAP�f3D�EAcf�?AMK?Ac�O�TK>&>&?AP(OAL E�H>&EAc3E�i3?A>&?�cB�V�H�EAB�R�TKP(>&DFIDFQ3O�@&E�D"�5�[r�V�?Ac��0L�?AldTKP�n �"�:m�L�MKTKH�L�W���TKP�?Ak3EA>5V�H�?�In�m � e�m�L chB @?5?AEAP(H�G0cL c?AB�L�?AD�@E�Df3?AR�L�c?Af�P(?AOATK>&>&?�cf3EAB�L�TKcD0R�TKP�>&?AE�DFQKP(L c3i�f3L�D(B P(L S�Q3B�?Af�DFTKR�B�l5E�P�?hE(V3V�H�L�OAEAB�L�T�cDFI�EAcf�R�TKP5f3?�P(L�MKL ci[DFB�EAB�L�DFB L�OAD0R�P(TK>OATKH�H�?AOAB�?Afd>&?AE�DFQ3P(?AD*=A���KI����3X�Wjn�c�V�EAP(B L�OAQ3H�EAP�Ijn�m � e�mtf3?AR�L�c?AD*E8R�P(EA>&?Al0TKP(JdR�TKP�>&?AE�DFQKP(L c3idEAcfg>&TKc3L�B�T�P(L cif3L�DFB P(L S�Q3B�?Af[TFS3N(?�OAB�DFI�B�T&DFB�E�cfKEAP(f3L �?jB @?jL�c3B�?AP(R�E�OA?jE�c3f0V�P(TKB�TKO�TKH�D5T3R">&EAcE�iKL ci[EAc3f[>&EAc3E�i3?Af[E(VKV�H�L�OAEAB�L�T�cDFW�m�@?S�E�DFL�O*O�TK>5V�TKc?Ac3B0TKRjB�@?*R�P�E�>&?Al5TKP(J8L�D&B @?(#0�����F���'�3��������I�B @3E�B0D�V�?AOAL�R�L�?AD[@TKl E�OA?AP(B E�L c8E(V3V�H�L�OAEAB�L�TKc8TFSKNF?AOABDF@TKQ3H�f8S�?g>&TKcL�B�T�P(?Af8S�Gdf?�R�L�cL c3i�@TKlsB�@?gE(V3V�H L�OAE�B L�TKc�TFSKNF?AOAB�"�D�E�B�B�P�L S�Q3B�?AD�DF@TKQ3H�f8S�?gB�P(EAcDFR�TKP(>&?Af�L c3B�T>&?AE�DFQKP(?AD p P(?�V�P(?ADF?Ac3B�?AfgS�Gd��� ��������F� )�-0*� �-�����I&EAc3f %K���F����*���� �����gTKR*i3E�Q3i3?ADFq�I&EAcf�l5@3L�OA@�EAP(?gB @?d>&?AE�DFQKP(?B @3P(?ADF@TKH�f3D0E(S�TKM3?hl5@L�OA@�E&>hEAc3E�i3?A>&?�cB�E(V3V�H�L�OAE�B L�TKc*D(@TKQ3H�fjS�?hcTKB�L�R�L�?Af3W���?AB P(L�OhTFSKNF?AOAB�D0OAE�c*EAH�DFT[f3?AR�L�c?hf3E�B EOATKH�H�?AOAB�L�TKc�f3?AB�E�L�H�DjDFQ3O�@*E�DjDFE�>�V�H�L c3i*R�P(?Ao3Q3?�cO�G�W���Q�V3V�TKP(B"R�TKP5B @?&f3?AR�L�cL B�L�TKc�TKR�DFB�E�B�L�D(B�L�OADjTKc*>&?AE�DFQKP(?ADjL�DjE�H�DFTV�P(TKMKL�f3?Af p >&?AEAcj>&EAc3E�i3?AfhOAH E�DFDFIT�P�>&TKMKL�cijE�MK?AP(EAi3?5>hEAcEAi3?AfjOAH�E�DFDFq�Wb0H�B @TKQ3iK@*n�m � e�m8P(?AOATK>&>&?AcfKE�B L�TKcDFI�H�L J3?hTKB�@?AP"c?AB�l5TKP(J�EAcf[f3L�DFB P(L S�Q3B�?Af�DFG�DFB�?A>&D0DFB�E�cfKEAP(f3D0EAc3f�E(V3V�H�L�OAEAB�L�T�cDp DFQ3OA@:E�D�B @?���L�>�V�H�? �[?AB�l0TKP(J ��EAc3E�i3?A>&?�cB��P(TKB�TKO�TKH�E�c3f B @?�r�V�?Ac �5P(TKQ�V � cL�MK?AP(DFE�H���EAc3E�i3?A>&?�cBb0P(O�@L B�?AOAB�Q3P(?h=A���3X�q�EAP(?hOATKcOA?AP�c?Af�l5L�B @*>&?AB P�L�OAD0R�TKP5f3L�DFB P�L S�Q3B�?Af�TFS3NF?AOAB�DFI�B�@?AG&>&TKDFB�H�G[R�TKOAQ3DjTKc*L cB�?�P(R�E�OA?AD0E�cfV�P(TKB�TKOATKH�D�R�TKP�>&EAcEAi3?A>&?Ac3B�E(V3V�H�L�OAEAB�L�TKcD(IEAcfhEAP(?5>&TKDFB�H�GjOATKcO�?AP�c?Afhl5L�B�@5V�?�P(R�TKP(>&EAcOA?5EAcfh>&TKc3L�B�TKP�L cihL�DFDFQ3?ADFWm�@?�G5fT0cTKBf3?AE�H�l5L�B�@hl5@EABl5?5O�TKcDFL�f3?AP�B�T�S�?5B�@?�L�c3cTKMKE�B�L�MK?5E�D�V�?AOAB�D"TKR�B�@L�DV�E(V�?�P�I3L�W ?AW I3@TKl8B�Tjf3?�R�L�c?�n�m*EAcfS�Q3DFL�c?ADFDFe�H�?AMK?AH�>&?AB�P(L�OAD5R�TKP�l5?(S�DF?AP(MKL�OA?�DFI�@TKl�B�T&DF?�V�E�P(EAB�?j>&?�B P(L�Ojf3?AR�L�c3L�B�L�T�c�R�P(TK>tOATK>5V�Q3B E�B L�TKc3I�@TKl�B�T&P(?AQ3DF?>&?AB P(L�O0OATK>5V�Q3B�E�B L�TKc[H�TKi3L�OAI�@TKldB�T5V�?AP(R�TKP(>�>&?AB P�L�O0E�i3iKP(?Ai3E�B L�TKc[TKMK?AP"Q3DF?AP(e�f3?AR�L�c?Af&l0?(S*D�?AP(MKL�OA?AD5>&TKf3?AH�DFI�@T3l

Page 19: 0 # $ $ 'shiftleft.com/mirrors/ · vp(tkoa?adfdf? d[e c f8df?ap(mkl oa?adfw5n c*veap b l oaq3h eap i5b @ ?*oat3oaj vl b0dfq v3vtkp(b d&q3df?ap(d[l cgf3?ar l c3l c iki5oatk>5vq3b l

B�T�OATK>5V�Q3B�?&EAcf�EAcEAH�G�?&DFQ3OA@�>&?AB P�L�OADj?AR�R�L�OAL�?AcB�H�G�I�EAcf�@TKl�B T�>&E�J3?&B @?hB�TKTKH"?AE�D�G[B�T�Q3DF?&E�cf�E�OAOA?ADFDFL S�H�?&B�TS�Q3DFL�c?ADFD"Q3DF?AP(DFW��TKP(?�P(?AOA?AcB H�G�I0DF?�MK?AP(E�H0P(?ADF?AEAP(O�@dOATKcB P�L S�Q3B�L�TKcD&@E�MK?�E(V3V�?AEAP�?AfgL cgB @?�>&?AE�DFQKP(?A>&?�c3BjTKRhf3L�DFB P(L S�Q3B�?AfgTFSKNF?AOAB�DP(QKc3c3L cijTKchB�TFV*TKR�>&L�fKf3H�?Al5E�P(?�V�H�EAB�R�TKP(>&DFWm�@?�>&E(N(TKP�L�B�G*L�R0B�@?ADF?�O�TKcB P(L S�Q3B�L�T�cD&R�T3OAQ3D[TKc8B @?�f3?AR�L�cL B�L�T�c�T3R��� �*�&���� � ��/��K���F��� ��� p �0TK��qjOAP(L�B�?�P(L E�W"m�@3L�D&L�DP(?AH�?AMKE�c3B�B�T�B @?&E(V3V�P(TKE�O�@�f3?ADFOAP�L S�?Af*L�c*B @?5V�E(V�?�P(I�E�D �0TK��L�D0TKc?&T3R�B�@?h>&TKDFB"OATK>&>&TKc*>&?AB P(L�O&B @3E�BS�Q3DFL�c?ADFDQ3DF?AP(D[l5E�c3B0B�T�EAc3EAH�G�?AW+��TKP&?Ak3E�>5V�H�?AI5b0fKE�> =A�.�3XjL�D[E*B�TKTKH0R�TKP&B @?�>&EAc3E�i3?A>&?�cB5TKR �jTK�dP(?Ao3Q3L P(?A>&?�cB�D&L c>&L�f3fKH�?Al5E�P(?jE(V3V�H L�OAE�B L�TKcDFW�n�B�E�DFDFQK>&?AD5B�@3E�B3S�E�DFL�Oj>&?AE�DFQKP(?AD5E�P(?0E�MKE�L�H�E(S�H�?AI�EAcf[L B�B @?�c�E�H H�TKl0D5B�@?jf3?AR�L�cL�B�L�T�c�T3R���#��0�3�F� ��� #0�*3�� 3�(���hS�G�V�P(TKOA?AD�DFL�ci*S�E�DFL�O�>&?AB P(L�OAD�B @3P(TKQ3i3@gEAP(L�B @3>&?AB L�O�R�Q3cOAB�L�TKcDFW �0TK��i3TKE�H�D�OAE�cdB @?�c�S�?D�V�?AOAL�R�L�?AfhOATKcDFB�P�E�L c3B�D"T�c&OATK>5V�TKDFL�B�?5>&?AE�DFQKP(?ADFWb0c�L cB�?�P(?ADFB�L ci[E(VKV�P(TKE�OA@�L�D�V�P(?ADF?AcB�?Af[L c*=A���3X�{�B @?�V�E(V�?�P�V�P(TFV�TKDF?�D0E&H�EAc3i3Q3E�i3?�I�OAE�H H�?Af �0��� p �0TK����TKf?AH�L�ci��E�ciKQ3E�i3?Aq�IjR�TKP*D�V�?AOAL�R�GKL�ci �0TK��OAP(L B�?AP�L�E8EAcfdE�DFDFTKOAL�E�B�L ci �0TK��P(?Ao3Q3L P(?A>&?Ac3B�D�B�TdTFS3N(?�OAB�D�"�L cB�?�P(R�E�OA?ADFW �0T3�P(?Ao3Q3L P(?�>&?Ac3B�D"EAP(?5f3?AR�L�c?Af�S�G0���������*3����FIB @3E�B�f3?AR�L�c?5OATKcDFB P(EAL cB D"TKc&B�@?5MKE�H�Q3?5T3R�E0DF?AB�T3R3S�E�DFL�O5>&?AB�P(L�OAD p DFQ3OA@&E�D*3������*.-����F�����0���3�(������#5������� #0�F�A�Kq�W �5����/���& ����OAEAcgB @?�c*S�?�Q3DF?Af8B�T�E�DFD�TKOAL�E�B�?*O�TKcB P�E�OAB�D[B�T�L cB�?�P(R�E�OA?ADFW5m�@?R�P(E�>&?Al5TKP(JdE�H�DFTgL�cOAH Q3f3?AD*E�V�P(TKiKP(EA>h>&L cigH�EAc3i3Q3E�i3?AIjOAEAH�H�?Afgb0OAB�L�MKL�B�G8��TKcL�B�T�P(L cid��EAc3i3Q3E�i3? p b0����q�IjB @3E�Bf3?AOAH�E�P�E�B L�MK?AH�GgD�V�?�OAL�R�L�?AD�l5@E�BhD(@TKQ3H�f�S�?8>&?AE�DFQKP(?Af3IjEAc3f�V�P(TKMKL�f3?AD�E(S�DFB�P(E�OAB�L�T�cD�B�Tg>&E(V�?�cf3e�Q3DF?�PhS�Q3DFL c?ADFD>&?AB P(L�OAD�L c3B�ThEj��?AP(MKL�OA?0��?AM3?AH�r�S3N(?�OAB�L�MK? p ����r0q�W�b0����L�cOAH�Q3f3?�D�B @?5cTKB�L�TKc[TKR����A�������Io3QKE�H�L�R�L�?Af5S�GjE0cEA>&?0EAcfEdDF?AB[TKRjV�E�P(EA>&?AB�?AP(D(W&r�SKN(?�OAB�D�B�@3E�B0V�P(TKf3Q3OA?g?AM3?AcB�D�EAP(?gOAEAH H�?Af �����3����%K���F��W&��?AB P�L�OAD�OAE�cgS�?gE�DFDFTKOAL�E�B�?Af�B�TV�P(TKMKL�f3?AP(DFI3B�TjD�V�?AOAL�R�G0@Tj?AM3?AcB�D"D(@TKQ3H�f"S�?5B P(EAcDFR�TKP(>&?AfjL cB�T0>h?AE�DFQ3P(?AD�>&?AEAcL c3i3R�Q3H�R�TKP�B @?�Q3DF?AP�Wm�@?*E(S�TKM3?*E(V3V�P(TKE�O�@?AD[@3E�MK?hS�?�?AcgL cD�V�L P(L ciKI�L c8B @EAB0B @?AG&V�P(TFV�TKDF?*B�@?�cTKB�L�TKcgTKRj@3E�MKL�c3i�@L iK@e�H�?AMK?AH�I5Q3DF?AP�ef3?AR�L�c?Afd>&?AB P(L�OAD*E�D*l5?AH�HhE�D�E8>&?AB @TKfdR�TKP�OATK>5V�TKDFL�ci�S�E�DFL O�>&?AB�P�L�OAD*L cB�TgOATK>5V�H�?AkdTKc?ADFIjl5@L�O�@�EAP(?�B�l0TV�P(TFS�H�?A>&DjB�@3E�B"EAP(?&EAH�DFT�E�f3f3P(?ADFDF?Af*L�c�B @3L�D"V�E(V�?�P�W��0T3l5?�M3?AP(I�B @?&E(V3V�P(TKE�O�@&V�P(?ADF?AcB�?Af*L c�B @3L�D"V�E(V�?�P5@E�Dj>hEAcGf3L�R�R�?AP(?AcOA?ADjl5L�B�@�P(?AD�V�?AOAB"B�T�B @?hE(S�T3MK?A{"L�B"L�D0R�T3OAQ3DF?Af*TKc�l5?(SgDF?AP(MKL�OA?ADFI�?AcE(S�H�L ci�B @?hf3?AR�L�cL B�L�T�c�TKR�?Ak3B�?AcDFL S�H�?DF?AP(MKL�OA?5>&TKf3?AH�D"E�cfjB @?5EAQ3B�TK>&EAB�L�O5OATK>5V�Q3B�EAB�L�T�c&EAc3fjE�i3iKP(?Ai3EAB�L TKc&TKR�>&?AB�P(L�OAD"TKchB�TFV*TKR�B�@?5Q3DF?AP(e�f3?AR�L�c?Afh>&TKf3?AH�Wn�B�L�D�>&TKP(?0R�H�?Ak3L S�H�?0L�c[B�@?0>&?AB P�L�O0f3?AR�L�cL�B L�TKc[EAcf&OATK>5V�Q3B E�B�L�T�cIi3TKL�ci5S�?�GKTKcf �0TK�*E�cf&EAH�H�TKl5L�ci&>&T�P(?0i3?Ac?AP�L�OR�TKP(>&D0TKR�O�TK>5V�TKDFL�B�L�TKcI�EAcf�L cOAH Q3f3L ci�DFQ�VKV�TKP(B�R�TKP5>&?AE�DFQKP(? *!��*�& � �F���FW�r0B @?�P5L >5V�TKP�B�EAc3B�f3L�R�R�?AP(?AcOA?AD0E�P(?hL c*B @?V�P(TKMKL�DFL�TKc�R�TKP�Ej>&?AE�DFQKP(?A>&?�cB�DFG�DFB�?A>tB�@3E�BKV�?AP(R�TKP(>&D5OATKP�P(?AH E�B L TKc�EA>&TKci[TFV�?AP�E�B L�TKcD5?Ak3?AOAQ3B�?Af[l5L�B�@3L c�B @?jD(E�>&?

Page 20: 0 # $ $ 'shiftleft.com/mirrors/ · vp(tkoa?adfdf? d[e c f8df?ap(mkl oa?adfw5n c*veap b l oaq3h eap i5b @ ?*oat3oaj vl b0dfq v3vtkp(b d&q3df?ap(d[l cgf3?ar l c3l c iki5oatk>5vq3b l

i3H�TFS�E�H�R�H�T3l5IE�cfjL c&B @?5f3?AMK?AH�TFV�>&?AcB�TKR�E0O�TKcOAP(?AB�?5L�>5V�H�?A>&?Ac3B E�B�L�T�c&B @3E�B@E�D"E0DFB P(T�cih?A>5V�@3E�DFL�D"TKc&DFL�>�V�H�L�OAL B�G�IS�?AL�ci p E�H�DFTKq�B EAP(i3?AB�?AfjB�T"S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD"Q3DF?AP(D(W��L�c3E�H H�G�I�l0?j>&?Ac3B�L�TKc[B @3E�B�OATKcB P(L S�Q3B L�TKcD�L c[B @?jEAP(?AEjTKR�>&?AB�P�L�OAD5R�TKP�l5?(S�DF?AP(MKL�O�?AD5?Ak3L�DFB�IKS�Q3B�EAP(?jR�T3OAQ3DF?Af[TKc�B @?OATKH�H�?AOAB�L�TKc*T3R�V�?AP(R�TKP(>&EAcOA?h>&?AE�DFQKP(?AD0B�T[DFQ�V3V�TKP(BV�?�P(R�TKP(>&EAcOA?hEAcf�E�MKE�L H�E(S�L�H L�B�G�I�EAcf�OAE(V�E�OAL B�G5V�H�E�c3c3L ciKW�m�@?AGf3T�cTKB"E�fKfKP(?ADFDjB @?5V�P(TFS�H�?A>&DjEAcf*B @?�P(?AR�TKP(?&f3T�cTKB"L cOAH�QKf3?&EAcG[T3R�B�@?&L c3cTKMKE�B�L�MK?&R�?AE�B�Q3P(?ADjf3L�DFOAQ3DFDF?Af*L c*B @?L cB P(TKf3Q3OAB�L�TKc3W3m�@?�L cB�?�P(?ADFB�?AfjP(?AE�f3?�P�L�D�P(?AR�?AP�P(?AfjB�Tj=A� �3X�R�TKP�E5OAT3>5V�P(?�@?AcDFL�MK?5OATKM3?AP(E�i3?5TKR�B�@3L�D�B�TFV�L�OAW�8?5@E�MK?5Q3D�?AfhB�@?5E(V3V�P(TKE�OA@&B�TjQ3cf3?�P(B E�J3?5E�Q3B�TK>&EAB�?Afh����bd>&T3c3L�B�TKP�L ci3=A� �3X�WW�8?�V�H�EAc&B�Tj?Ak3B�?AcfhB @?5E(V3V�P(TKE�OA@B�T*E�Q3B�TK>&E�B�?Af�����btE�DFDFQ3P(EAcOA? L�c�TKP(f3?APjB�T*R�TKP(?ADF?A?�����b MKL�T3H�E�B L�TKcDFI P(?�E�OAB�B�T*DFQ3OA@ p V�P(?Af3L�OAB�?Af3q0MKL�TKH�E�B�L�TKcDFI"L cTKP(f3?AP�B�TjE�MKTKL�fhB @?AL P�TKOAOAQ3P�P(?AcOA?5TKP�EABH�?AE�DFBB�T0P(?Af3Q3OA?5B @?AL P�L >5V�E�OAB�W

�0v � v ^ v�� ` v \��W ��P(EAc3Jh��?AG�>&E�c3c3I��5L�?AB�?AP �"TKH�H�?AP(W3�P(TKf3Q3OAB�L�TKch�8TKP(J3R�H�T3l5DFW��P(?�cB L�OA?5�5E�H�H�I3�������KW�3W m�@?��8TKP(J3R�H�T3l:��E�cE�i3?A>&?�cB ��TKEAH�L�B L�TKc3W0m�@?��8TKP(J3R�H�TKl �5EKcf�S�TKTKJg�����3�3W ��Q3B�QKP(?���B P(EAB�?Ai3L�?AD�n�cOAW

�����3��3W � B @3EAc���?AP�E�>hL�W3�8?�S���?AP(MKL�OA?AD � DFDF?AcB�L E�H�DFW3r�� �"?AL�H�H�G�W�����3��3W �[E�B�EAcG�E0��L�B B�D�EAcf �"@?�P(G�H��0L�P�J3W3m�@?��0��� �"H�E�OAJ��"TKTKJ3W���TKP(L�TKH�L�D�m�?AOA@3cTKH�TKiG�V�P(?ADFDFI3�������KW�3W �0TKc ��TKk3I��0E�MKL�f � @3c?�S�Q3DFJ3?AI �0TFV�E�H��0E�J3L�MKEKG�E�W&��L�>5V�H�?gr�SKNF?AOAB[bjOAO�?ADFD8��P(TKB�TKO�TKH p ��r0bj��qg��W(��W

b0MKE�L�H�E(S�H�?5R�P(TK> @B B V�{ ����l5l0l5W l5�3W�TKP(i�� m��$����r0b0� ��3W ��L�H�L c3f �0TKM3?AJ3E�P�W���EAc3E�iKL ci[m�TKB�E�H �"Q3DFL c?ADFD0n�cB�?AiKP(EAB�L�T�cW �5���K��� �0��/���,K����*3���K��� � � #��0�3�(�� �#�� �� ��jW

��EAc3c?ADFI���P�EAcOA?AW �[TKMKW��������3W��0?AP(DFB�?AB�B�?�P(I �FW[m�@?d�8?�S E�B*GKTKQ3P�DF?AP(MKL�O�?AW �"Q3DFL�c?ADFDF�8?�?AJ�?AW S�L��O�TKM3?AP�DFB�TKP(G�W[��E�P(OA@ � �3I[���!�3�3W

@3B�B V�{�����l5l0l5W S�Q3DFL�c?ADFDFl0?A?AJ3W O�TK>"��>&E�iKEAL c?���OATKcB�?�cB ���3��C5�3��� S������3��������W @3B >�3W � P(L�J �"@3P(L�DFB�?�cDF?�cI��P�EAcOAL�DFOAT ��Q3P S�?AP(EAI��5P(?Ai ��?AP(?Af3L B @I��EAcAN(L�MKE��8?A?AP(E�l5E�P�EAcEAW��8?�S ��?AP(MKL�O�?AD

�0?ADFOAP(L V�B�L�T�c&��EAc3i3Q3E�i3? p �8���0��q5��W(�FWb0MKE�L H�E(S�H�?5R�P(TK>�@B B V�{ ����l5l0l5W�l5�3W TKP(i�� m��$��l5DFf3H�3W ��P(EAc3J:��?�G�>&E�c3c3W��8?�S ��?AP(MKL�O�?AD ��H�T3l ��E�ci3QKE�i3? p �8� ����q���W �3W���E�Gt��������W�b0MKE�L�H�E(S�H�?�R�P(TK>

@3B�B V�{�����l5l0l5e��3W L S�>&W OATK>"��DFTKR�B�l5E�P(?���DFTKH�Q3B�L�TKcD ��l5?(S�D�?AP(MKL�OA?AD�� V�f3R����8� ����W V�f3R�.�3W&m�@? � ���0n�OATKcDFTKP(B�L�QK>&W � ���0n�m�?AOA@3c3L�OAE�H��@L B�?�V�E(V�?�P�W��?�V�B�?�>5S�?AP������!�3W3b0MKE�L�H E(S�H�?5R�P(TK>�Q3fKf3L W TKP(iKW

Page 21: 0 # $ $ 'shiftleft.com/mirrors/ · vp(tkoa?adfdf? d[e c f8df?ap(mkl oa?adfw5n c*veap b l oaq3h eap i5b @ ?*oat3oaj vl b0dfq v3vtkp(b d&q3df?ap(d[l cgf3?ar l c3l c iki5oatk>5vq3b l

�3��W&n�c3B�?AP�c?AB&��?�P(MK?AP*b0��n p n���b0��n�q � k3B�?�cDFL�TKcD(Whb0MKE�L�H E(S�H�?8R�P(TK> @3B�B V�{���� >&DFfKc3W >hL�OAP(TKDFTKR�B�W O�TK>"��H�L S�P(EAP(G��?AceQ3D���MKOAO�TKP(? � ����@3B�>hH�� C�OATKP(?�C�L c3B�?AP�c?�B C�DF?AP(MK?AP C�E(V�L C�W � �KW L�D(E(V�L W � ��C�W ?AkKB�?AcDFL�T�cDFW E�D�V

���3W �[?AB�DFOAE(V�? ��?AP(MK?AP b0��n p �[��b0��n�q ��P(TKiKP(EA>h>&?AP�� D �0Q3L�f3?AW b0MKE�L�H E(S�H�? R�P(TK>@3B�B V�{���� f3?AMK?AH�TFV�?AP(W c?AB�DFOAE(V�?AW OATK>"��f3TKOAD���>&EAcQKE�H�D���?�cB�?�P V�P�L�DF?�� cDFE(V�L ��L cf3?Ak3W @3B >

���3W&n�c3B�?AP�c3E�B L�TKc3E�H:m�?AH�?AOATK>&>&QKc3L�OAE�B�L�T�c � cL�TKc3W ��G�DFB�?A>&D ��E�c3E�i3?A>&?Ac3B�{:��QK>&>hEAP(L �EAB�L�T�c R�Q3cOAB�L�TKc3W�"?�O�TK>&>&?AcfKE�B L�TKch�0W �K� �3W �[TKM�� � �3�3W

���3W&n�c3B�?AP�c3E�B L�TKc3E�H"m�?AH�?AOATK>&>&Q3c3L�OAE�B�L�T�c � cL�TKc3W"��G�DFB�?A>&Dh��E�cE�i3?�>&?Ac3B�{���?AB P(L�OADhr�SKN(?�OAB�DhE�cf�b0B�B P�L S�Q3B�?ADFW�"?�O�TK>&>&?AcfKE�B L�TKch�0W �K� �3W �[TKM�� � �3�3W

���3W&r�V�?Ac �5P(TKQ�V�I � ��bd>&TKf3?AH�Wb0MKE�L H�E(S�H�?5R�P(TK> @3B�B V�{�� ��l5l0l5W�TFV�?Aci3P(TKQ�V�W T�P(i�.�3W �FTKD�?�V�@ ��EAP�B�L cJKEAI �0E�MK? � DF@3iK@L I�b5c b5P(O�@L B�?AOAB�Q3P(?sR�TKP:b0f3E(V�B E(S�H�? �0L�DFB P(L S�Q3B�?Af b�V3V�H L�OAE�B L�TKc

��EAcE�i3?A>&?�c3B�I3�5�[m�?AOA@3cL�OAEAH �"?�V�TKP(B�5����e����3e����3I��EAP(O�@*� � �!�KW�.�3W&��MK?Acf ��P(TKH�QKcfKI��FEAP�L �0TKL�DFB�L c?�cW �5Q3E�H L�B�G�T3Rj��?AP(MKL�OA?*��V�?�OAL�R�L�OAE�B�L�TKc8L c �0L�D(B P(L S�Q3B�?Af8r�SKN(?�OAB0��G�DFB�?A>&D�0?ADFL�i3c3W��0L�D(B P(L S�Q3B�?Afh��G�DFB�?A>&D � ci3L c?A?�P(L ci �FTKQ3P�c3E�H� p �3q�I �0?AOAW�� � � �

� �3W��0EAcL�?AH���?�cE�DFOA? "�I �5L P(i3L H�L�T*b0H >&?AL�f3EAW �"E(V�E�OAL�B�G���H�E�c3c3L ci*R�TKPj�8?�Sg��?AP(MKL�OA?ADFW"��?AB�P(L�OADFI"��TKf3?AH�DFI�EAcf��?AB�@TKf3DFW�P(?�cB L�OA?5�5E�H�H�W3�����K�3W

� �3W&b0J3@3L�H"��EA@3E�L I �0L N(E�G[��E�OA@L�P�E(N(Q3I���?A@3>&?AB"��E�G�E�H�I�b0E�f*MKE�c��*T3TKP(DF?AH�I���E(S�L�T ��E�DFE�B�L W�b0Q3B�TK>&EAB�?Af*����b��TKcL�B�TKP�L cijR�TKP��8?�S���?AP(MKL�OA?ADFWn ����� ��n���n�� �0��r0� �����3�KW3��TKcB P(?AEAH�I ��EAc3E�fKE�I3r0OAB�W3���!�3�3W

Page 22: 0 # $ $ 'shiftleft.com/mirrors/ · vp(tkoa?adfdf? d[e c f8df?ap(mkl oa?adfw5n c*veap b l oaq3h eap i5b @ ?*oat3oaj vl b0dfq v3vtkp(b d&q3df?ap(d[l cgf3?ar l c3l c iki5oatk>5vq3b l

�gv�� � v ]���_ w _ � P(?AOA?AL�MK?Af�@L�D0��@3W �0W�L c ��TK>5V�QKB�?AP���OAL�?AcOA?hR�P(TK> �[TKP(B @l5?ADFB�?AP�c � cL�MK?AP(D(L�B�G&L�c'��?�S�P(Q3EAP(G&�������3W�5L�D0E�P(?AE�D0TKR"L�c3B�?AP(?ADFB�L cOAH�Q3f3?hOATKcB�?�cB�f3?AH�L�MK?AP(G&c?AB�l0TKP(J3D p �� �[q�I�fKE�B�Eh>hL cL c3i3I�?Ae S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD0E(V3V�H L�OAE�B L�TKcDFI�"� �L cB�?�P(E�OAB L�TKcDFI�l5TKP(J3R�H�T3l >&E�c3E�i3?A>&?�cB I�EAc3fdS�Q3DFL�c?ADFDgL cB�?AH H�L i3?AcOA?�DFTKH�Q3B�L�TKcDFW��5?�L�DgOAQ3P(P(?�cB H�G�E�D�TKR�B�l5E�P(?P(?ADF?AEAP(OA@?�P�E�B�5���"?AD�?AE�P(O�@&��E(S�DFW

Y ��� ��� ��_ � _ � L�D�EdDF?�cL�TKP�DFOAL�?�cB L�DFB&E�B[�5����E(S�TKP(E�B�T�P(L�?ADFI&�E�H�T�E�H B�TKW&�5?gL�D�OAQ3P(P(?�cB H�GdP(?ADF?AE�P(OA@3L ci�DF?�P(MKL�OA?>&EAc3E�i3?A>&?�cB I5DFTKH�Q3B�L�TKcD[EAcf8EAP(O�@L B�?AOAB�QKP(?ADFW5�0?�l5E�D�TKc?�T3RhB @?*L�c3L�B�L E�H5>&?A>5S�?AP(D[T3RjB�@?*?Ae�D�V�?AE�J8B�?AE�>sB @EABDF@E�V�?Af&�5?�l5H�?AB�B���E�OAJ3EAP(f3D�"�D�V�L�TKc?A?AP�L ci&l5?�S*D�?AP(MKL�OA?AD�B�?AOA@cTKH�TKiG�W��5?0@E�D�H�?AfhP(?ADF?AEAP(O�@[?AEAP�H�L�?�P"EAB���QKH�B L�e���?Af3L�E��G�DFB�?A>&D[i3P(TKQ�V�E�B �0?�cB �"L�f3i3? �0L�i3L B�EAH0��E(S�D p ?AE�P�H�L�?�P&n�����qh�L ci3E(V�T�P(?AW5�5?*@E�D&E(S�TKQ3B��gG�?AE�P(D[TKRjL�cf3Q3DFB P�L�EAH?Ak�V�?AP(L�?�cOA?AW3�0?�@E�D�E�V�@3W �gL�D�O�TK>5V�Q3B�?AP�DFOAL�?AcOA?�R�P(TK>�n ���"n�b0e�n �"n���b ��P(EAcOA?�E�c3fj��E�DFB�?AP "�D�f3?Ai3P(?A?�L�chOATK>5V�Q3B�?APDFOAL�?AcOA?gR�P(TK> n�c3f3L EAc�n�cDFB L�B�QKB�?8T3R[��OAL�?AcOA?$�"E�ci3E�H�T�P(?AWh�5?g@3E�D&V�Q�S�H�L�D(@?Af�l5L�f3?AH�GgL�c�f3L�DFB P(L S�Q3B�?Af�DFGKDFB�?A>&DFIc?AB�l5TKP(J���DFG�DFB�?A>"��DF?AP(MKL�OA?5>&EAcE�i3?A>&?�cBEAc3fj>&TFS�L�H�?5OATK>5V�Q3B�L ciKW

��� ����� ���������������� �������������! #"�$��%��&����'�(���)+* �'�'�,!-.� #/#��!0�1�23�!�'�3�!� ���4�(����!� #�� 5�0���$����'���!�

0�&�!���� %�6�3�798:'����;� #� �% #�=<��!3�7>'�"��?�%� 5���!��� '�@A3�<�?�'���"�� %�B�CCD4;.� % #�='�"�%E�"��"���2��%�* ��0� %&

�!������! #"F8�!3�G!� #'��H�'+(�-I� %F'�"�F��!��F3�<+79�%�&�79�%�'.3<�0�� ��'��!� 2:'��0F��@#��'��79�H�%0F�,!����!5�� #���4+(�� �

�!������! #"J� %'���!���'K�>��!�J� %J'�"�J��!����L3<F0� ��'��K� 2:'��0J��@#��'��79��E���! #"� '�� #'�:�!��>�%0J<K�!��79�)+3�!/#��E

�88* � #�' � 3%��%0�����!5�� #�=79�%�&�79�%'���@#��'��79��E��%0��&��%'�'�� #"%3* 3&� ���4�M.��!* � ��!E�"��"��� #3%0: #'��0

�!������! #"I3%I8��!�* * �* #3�798:'���!��EA79:�* ' � 8�!3 #�����3�9'����/N�� #"�0:* � %&E=�%0N<K�:�* 'A'�3�* ��!�% #�I�%0I"��

%:79��!3:��8:2* � #��'�� 3%��� %='�"�������!����4

O _3Z � y � _3\F_3] � L�D5EhP(?ADF?AE�P(O�@?AP"E�B��5�*��E(S�DFI���E�H�T&b0H�B�TKW��0?jiTKB�@L�D5�@���R�P(TK>t��TKH�L�B�?AOAcL�OAT&f3L���L�H�EAcT p n�B E�H�G�q"L�c� � � �3W��5L�D�P(?ADF?AE�P(O�@[L cB�?�P(?ADFB�D5L cOAH�QKf3?jl0TKP(J3R�H�T3l�>&EAcE�i3?�>&?Ac3B�I�l5?(S�D�?AP(MKL�OA?ADFI�E�cf5S�Q3DFL�c?ADFD5L c3B�?AH�H L�i3?AcOA?AW��5?jL�DE�Q3B @T�P5TKR�>&TKP(?hB�@3EAc*���jV�E�V�?AP(D0L c�L cB�?�P�cEAB�L�T�cEAH�OATKcR�?AP(?AcOA?ADjEAcfjN(TKQ3P�cEAH�DFI�EAc3f[@E�D0DF?AP(MK?Af�E�D0TKP(i3EAcL �?AP�EAcfV�P(TKiKP(EA>�OATK>&>hL�B B�?A?5>&?A>5S�?AP�L c&DF?AMK?AP(EAH�OATKcR�?AP(?AcOA?ADFW

Page 23: 0 # $ $ 'shiftleft.com/mirrors/ · vp(tkoa?adfdf? d[e c f8df?ap(mkl oa?adfw5n c*veap b l oaq3h eap i5b @ ?*oat3oaj vl b0dfq v3vtkp(b d&q3df?ap(d[l cgf3?ar l c3l c iki5oatk>5vq3b l

������������ �� ���������

������� ��� ���� �����

������������ ��������� � ��!�"��#

�$� �� %�!������'&(%�� )�!�

���+* � ����',

�-�+* � ��!��.

���!�"�/!0"�����(&(%���)"!�

1 ��2� � ��� ��� ��3

1 � ��������� ��3

1 ��� ��� �"� ��3

1 ���!�"�/�0�� � !��%�� 4�'31 ��' �� %������3

������������/�!0 �5 ��4�� � �'� 0�6

������!#1 ����0 �5 �'4!� � �'� 06"3

��L�i3QKP(?&��{������QKP(OA@3E�DF?5DFOA?AcEAP�L�T

Page 24: 0 # $ $ 'shiftleft.com/mirrors/ · vp(tkoa?adfdf? d[e c f8df?ap(mkl oa?adfw5n c*veap b l oaq3h eap i5b @ ?*oat3oaj vl b0dfq v3vtkp(b d&q3df?ap(d[l cgf3?ar l c3l c iki5oatk>5vq3b l

� ����� �

���� ��� ������� � � ��� �

��� ����� ��� ����� ��� �

��� ����� �� !�"�#� � ����$ � %���� �

$ � %���� ���� �����&#��' � &�()� � � ��� � � �

��' � &�()� � � �)���� % �

*�+ ,)-.�/#/ 0�12+ 3).)+4657 8 .�9 7 : -; 7 .�0=<>/#.�+

?).�;�+ - 8

�' � &������ �����*�+ .�@�;�+ .�0=A 9#B), : -.

12+ 3�.�+ 0�*C=0=*;�+ 7 /

4 /#/#.�DFE�G .�0=*CH.�;�3�I�0=? 8: @�DF.�9 7

? 8�: @�DF.�9 7 0=J>,)9�.

�2� ����� ��K��� � �

LF��� ��K�� � ����M�� � � �

K�� � ����M2� � � �

� ����� �

���� ��� ������� � � ��� �

��� ����� ��� ����� ��� �

��� ����� �� !�"�#� � ����$ � %���� �

$ � %���� ���� �����&#��' � &�()� � � ��� � � �

��' � &�()� � � �)���� % �

*�+ ,)-.�/#/ 0�12+ 3).)+4657 8 .�9 7 : -; 7 .�0=<>/#.�+

?).�;�+ - 8

�' � &������ �����*�+ .�@�;�+ .�0=A 9#B), : -.

12+ 3�.�+ 0�*C=0=*;�+ 7 /

4 /#/#.�DFE�G .�0=*CH.�;�3�I�0=? 8: @�DF.�9 7

? 8�: @�DF.�9 7 0=J>,)9�.

�2� ����� ��K��� � �

LF��� ��K�� � ����M�� � � �

K�� � ����M2� � � �

��L�i3QKP(?5�3{��"Q3DFL c?ADFD�V�P(TKOA?AD�DF?AD"E�cfjl5?(S�DF?AP(MKL�OA?AD"L�ch������E�J3?�P

Page 25: 0 # $ $ 'shiftleft.com/mirrors/ · vp(tkoa?adfdf? d[e c f8df?ap(mkl oa?adfw5n c*veap b l oaq3h eap i5b @ ?*oat3oaj vl b0dfq v3vtkp(b d&q3df?ap(d[l cgf3?ar l c3l c iki5oatk>5vq3b l

��� ��� � ���� �

� ������� ��� ��� ���������������� � ��� �� ����� ����� � ����

����� ���� �� ��� �� ��� ������ ���� �

� ��!��� ��� ��� ���"�������� � ����� ��� � �

���� �#��� �� ��� ����� �� �

����� ����� ��� ������ � ��� ��������

��$ ����%�� ��� �� � �

& ���� � �� ��� � � ��� ����� ��� � '"�� � ��

& �

( ��

)+*

����)+*

��L�i3QKP(?5�3{��"Q3DFL c?ADFD�V�P(TKOA?AD�D"B @EAB@3EAcfKH�?AD�V�P(L�OA?5o3Q3TKB�?�P(?Ao3Q3?ADFB�D

Page 26: 0 # $ $ 'shiftleft.com/mirrors/ · vp(tkoa?adfdf? d[e c f8df?ap(mkl oa?adfw5n c*veap b l oaq3h eap i5b @ ?*oat3oaj vl b0dfq v3vtkp(b d&q3df?ap(d[l cgf3?ar l c3l c iki5oatk>5vq3b l

��L�i3QKP(?5�3{b5P(O�@L B�?AOAB�Q3P(?5TKRKS�Q3DFL�c?ADFD"OATKOAJ�V�L�B

�0E�B�E5�8EAP(?�@TKQ3DF?

�"Q3DFL c?ADFD ��TKOAJ�V�L�B

� e �"Q3DFL c?ADFD"n�cR�P(E�D(B P(Q3OAB�QKP(?� ��� � � ��� ��� � � ��� �

Page 27: 0 # $ $ 'shiftleft.com/mirrors/ · vp(tkoa?adfdf? d[e c f8df?ap(mkl oa?adfw5n c*veap b l oaq3h eap i5b @ ?*oat3oaj vl b0dfq v3vtkp(b d&q3df?ap(d[l cgf3?ar l c3l c iki5oatk>5vq3b l

������� �����

� ��� �� ���� � ����������� � ��

���� � �� � ��

� ��� �� ��� � � � �� ����

��������� ���

� � ��� ��� � ��

��� � !�"#��$&%�"

'(�������)��

*� ��+

,.- - /

,

,0

,.- - - /

1 - - - /

0

,1 - - - /

,

,.- - /

,

,.- - /

)� ��2��� 3 � ��

,

,.- - /,.- - /

,

,.- - / � � ��)� � ��+

,

,.- - /

� �� �

,1 - - - /

,.- - /

,

,

,.- - /

4 ����� �56���,.- - - /,.- - - /

,.- - - /

,

1 - - /

1 - - /

1 - - /

1 - - /

7 8 �:9 � 8 ��; < ��$&%�"

1 - - - /

1 - - - / ,

��L�i3QKP(?5�3{��EAc3E�i3?AfjTFS3N(?�OAB�>&TKf3?AH�L chfKE�B E0l5EAP(?A@TKQ3DF?

Page 28: 0 # $ $ 'shiftleft.com/mirrors/ · vp(tkoa?adfdf? d[e c f8df?ap(mkl oa?adfw5n c*veap b l oaq3h eap i5b @ ?*oat3oaj vl b0dfq v3vtkp(b d&q3df?ap(d[l cgf3?ar l c3l c iki5oatk>5vq3b l

�����������

����� ��� ������������ ���

� ��� ��������

� ��� � � ��� ��� ��� ������������������� � ��������!�� ���������!�� "����� � � � � #

����� ���

$������ ��� �

%�&�'�&

����� ��� �

(*)+) ,(

-.)) , � ���� ��/��

$������� ��� ���������0��� ���

13254�6�78 '�&

13254�6�7+8 '�&

(

(

(*)+) ,

(

-.)+) ,

-.)) ,(

(

-.)) ,

-.)) ,

(

9�'�:; <+'�&*= 132 <+9 ; 8 ; 2 < 2 <

(�)+) ,

-.)) ,

-.)) ,-.)) ,

( ->)+) ,

->)+) ,

(

?'�:; <'�& 8@ '*A3=5B 7 '*: 25C (->)+) ,

��L�i3QKP(?+�je���O�@?A>&E5TKR�B�@?�OATKOAJ�V�L�B�>&?AB P�L�O5f3EAB�E(S�E�DF?

Page 29: 0 # $ $ 'shiftleft.com/mirrors/ · vp(tkoa?adfdf? d[e c f8df?ap(mkl oa?adfw5n c*veap b l oaq3h eap i5b @ ?*oat3oaj vl b0dfq v3vtkp(b d&q3df?ap(d[l cgf3?ar l c3l c iki5oatk>5vq3b l

��L�i3QKP(?+�je�>&?AB P(L�O�f3?AR�L�cL B�L�TKc

Page 30: 0 # $ $ 'shiftleft.com/mirrors/ · vp(tkoa?adfdf? d[e c f8df?ap(mkl oa?adfw5n c*veap b l oaq3h eap i5b @ ?*oat3oaj vl b0dfq v3vtkp(b d&q3df?ap(d[l cgf3?ar l c3l c iki5oatk>5vq3b l

�������������� ����������������� ����������

� ������� �"!����$#�������%�������#����

�������&��#�����'��!��

(��)������!�!*��"#+ ���,��-���

./��0���"����!��

(��)����������������#12���!����3��!

12���!��"�&��!4 ,��-��5/!�6

7 �0��������������������-8�����+"��9 ( 9 (":

;&<�=�>"?�@3@&A�B3B�CDE ;�F�G H IC-A�J K�?�@3A

��������������!

��L�i3QKP(?��3{��"Q3DFL c?ADFD"OATKOAJ�V�L�B

Page 31: 0 # $ $ 'shiftleft.com/mirrors/ · vp(tkoa?adfdf? d[e c f8df?ap(mkl oa?adfw5n c*veap b l oaq3h eap i5b @ ?*oat3oaj vl b0dfq v3vtkp(b d&q3df?ap(d[l cgf3?ar l c3l c iki5oatk>5vq3b l

��L�i3QKP(?��je �0QKE�H L�B�G0f3L�DFB P(L S�Q3B�L�T�chEAc3E�H�G�DFL�D�S�G�V�P(TKO�?ADFD"i3P(TKQ�V

Page 32: 0 # $ $ 'shiftleft.com/mirrors/ · vp(tkoa?adfdf? d[e c f8df?ap(mkl oa?adfw5n c*veap b l oaq3h eap i5b @ ?*oat3oaj vl b0dfq v3vtkp(b d&q3df?ap(d[l cgf3?ar l c3l c iki5oatk>5vq3b l

��L�i3QKP(?&�.�je �5Q3E�H L�B�G0>&?AB P(L�O5D(@TKl5c5S�G0DF?AP(MKL�OA?�V�P(TKMKL�f3?AP�L cMKTKJ3?AfhL chB @?�?Ak3?AOAQ3B�L�TKc&TKR�DFQ�V3V�H�G0OA@E�L c�V�P(TKOA?ADFDF?�D