中国河流健康研究进展

China’s Research program on River Health

Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES)

中澳环境发展项目 ACEDP

席北斗 Dr. Xi Beidou

张 远 Dr. ZHANG YUAN

Dr. Xiaodong Qu

汇报内容 Outline

1.  现在研究工作和结果

Current research and results

2. 关注问题 Key issues for discussion

3. 结论

Conclusions

1 现在研究工作和结果

Current works and Results

1、River health is very important for Water Environment Improvement in China. �河流生态系统健康是中华民族生存和文明传承的基石。�

2、 Six main river basins were considered in Chinese National key special project “water pollution control and treatment” such as Songhuajiang, Liaohe, Haihe, Huaihe, Dongjiang, south-to-north water division project, and other special rivers. “河流”主题“十一五”期间共设置了6个项目：松花江、辽河、海河、淮河、东江、南水北调、特殊类型河流�

3、During the 12th five plan period (2011-2015), the centre gov. will provide 1.5 billion RMB to support the river projects This will be the foundation of river ecosystem restoration 河流主题“十二五”科研经费15.35亿元，工程投资超过150.00亿元。

Study main Pilot River basins in China

淮河流域 Huairiver

Basin 滇池

Dianchi Lake

巢湖 Chao lake

海河流域 Hairiver Basin

洱海 Erhai Lake

松花江流域 Sohuajiang

basin

东江 Dongjian

g river basin

黑河 Heihe river

basin

辽河流域 Liaoriver basin

Main threatens (面临的胁迫）

Urbanization Farmland

•  Water resource conflict between the upper and middle part as consequence of construction of the Guanyinge Reservoir

•  Sand extraction has caused habitat destruction

Pilot study to asses river health in the Taizi River, Liao River Basin North east of China-The fifth biggest watershed in China

1.  Establish reference health conditions of catchment and river 确定所在流域的健康河流参照状态�

2. Classification and Construction of conceptual models （分类并 建立概念模型）

3. Identification of stressors and indicators（辨识驱动因素和指标） 4. Sampling procedures（样品分析程序） 5. Quantification - stressors & indicators（确定驱动因素和指标） 6. Target and threshold setting（目标和临界值确定） 7. Scoring for Assessment and reporting（评价报告打分）�8. Connecting to the management（用于管理）

Steps to Assess River Health （河流健康评估的主要程序）

2.关注的内容 Key points for discussion

Establish reference health conditions of catchment and

river is very important

Approaches to Establishing Reference Conditions for Catchment and River health

候选参照河流确定健康河流的参照状态法

参照状态法(reference river approach) ：根据参照河流标准全流域筛选，

要求流域内参照河流占全体河流10%以上，进行采样和历史数据统计

分析，取上25%点位对应状态作为健康河流参照状态，参照河流选择标

准见后面!

上25个百分点�Upper 25th percentile

(a) 参照河流�

Reference rivers

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 0 75 80

Establish reference conditions Criteria for Catchment and River Candidate Reference Sites候选参照河流的标准

Indicator指标! conditions High! low! high! low!

Natural vegetation cover, i.e., forest/grassland/wetland自然植被如森林、草地、湿地（流域中%）

> 65%! > 50%! Riparian areas in catchment (% of stream length)生态岸带在流域中的%（占河岸长度）!

> 60%! > 60%

Minimum Riparian width (m) 最小的岸带宽度!

> 50 m! > 50 m! Minimum overall habitat score (% of maximum)最小全部栖息地得分!

> 70%! > 70%

Agriculture农业 (% in catchment)

< 20%! < 30%! Urban land城市用地(% in catchment) <15%! <15%!

Pesticide impacts 农药等有毒有害物影响�

none! none! Channel alteration in catchment 河道人工变道集约化养殖（围网养殖）!

none! none!

Point source discharges (% of flow at 7Q10)

点源排放（占流量的%）!

<5%! 5%! Net loss or degradation of wetlands(% in catchment)

湿地消失或破坏率�

<15%! <15%!

参照河流确定的综合评价方法 �(Assessment method for reference Catchment and River )

人为干扰!disturbed by human

生物状态!Identify conditions

健康�可持续Health

不健康�非可持续�

No living

阈值criteria threshold values

原始状态!Natural conditions

无干扰!No disturbed

Seriously impacted

干扰严重!

A类:流域和河流生态完整性好(Excellent conditions meet all set ecosystem health, natural undisturbed Watershed and River

流域适宜状态!

B类:优良的流域和河流状态(Good Conditions almost meet all set ecosystem health

C类:临界的流域和河流状态Bottom line conditions, criteria threshold values

D类:低于临界的流域和河流状态（ Modified : Conditions meet some of the set ecosystem health, but most are impacted

E类:差的流域和河流状态Poor conditions are unlikely to meet ecosystem health

F类:极差的流域和河流状态!(Bad conditions do not meet any ecosystem health

采用基于集对分析的模糊综合评价模型（SPA-FCE）进行综合评价，确定流域和河流所处状态。 !

Indicator and criteria for Catchment and River A,B,C,D,E,F Sites

Indicator and criteria for Candidate Reference Sites level Natural

vegetation （%）

Minimum bank zone width (m)

Agriculture (% in catchment)

Point source discharges (% of flow at 7Q10)

Minimum overall habitat score (% of maximum)

Urban land (% in catchment)

A(Superior ) 80% 50m ＜10% 0 ＞90% 0

B (least impacted )

65% 50m ＜20% ＜5% ＞70% ＜15%

C (baseline) 50% 50m ＜30% ＜5% ＞70% ＜15%

D (modified) 40% 30m ＜40% ＜10% ＞60% ＜20%

E (poor) 30% 20m ＜50% ＜10% ＞50% ＜30%

F (bad) 20% 10m ＜70% ＜10% ＞40% ＜30%

3.结论 Conclusions

Based on the monitoring data of rivers in the

different catchment , reference conditions of

catchment River health can be established by

distribution approach( for all seasons, each

season, and each water period)�

Thanks !