Why was it developed?› To describe a certain movement within the

Protestant Christian movement. Martin Marty & Scott Appleby define

fundamentalism as a movement generated as a reaction to threats to the identity of the group.› Meets threats with selective re-work

doctrine from the past and leads to a new political program for the future society.

Two basic fundamentalfundamental features.› 1. The belief that definitive set of principles

exist which both necessary and sufficient for the overall guidance of human behavior.

› 2. The belief that principles drive from impeccable organization of development of universal truths. “Can’t be questioned”.

A Weaker version of fundamentalism.

EX:› China

Confucianism. Mild claims . No

formal organization.

Martin Luther› Protestant Reformation in 1517.› Posted the 95 thesis against the Catholic

Church.› He thought the church was corrupt.› Thought should go back to original bible.

Said nothing about the sale of indulgences and the church owning the land/

Protestant reformation› A protest of social, political, and religious

movement, call to go back to fundamental belief in the bible.

1. Efforts to achieve an independent Egypt, Syria, and Iraq use Islam as a platform for their struggle.

2. The Baathist Party of Syria, Iraq, and Egypt use Islam for political reason.

3. Post World War II and modern WAR problems created by the WEST:› Poverty› Lack of Education› Low job security and poor economic status.› Social turmoil. Created by colonist!!!!!

Islam was the Solution for people. › Turn to leaders like Ayatollah Khomeini who

started the Islamic Revolution in 1779 against the US.

Started by birth – British needed their large supply of opium for their war with China. Result in Result in Imperialism BAD!!!!Imperialism BAD!!!!

In 1979 Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan. The US and Britain help the Afghan freedom fighters that would turn into a large fundamental group called the ‘Taliban,” which means student of the Koran.

Imperial Russia under Peter the Great and Catherin wanted warm water port. 1979 Russia invaded Afghanistan and resulted in their Vietnam. › B/C of this the Taliban came into power. After the

conflict in 1979, the Taliban demanded a seat in government.

Leader was Mullah Mohammed Omar.

Changed up life by introducing Islam into all facets of life.

He got funds from Osama Bin Laden.

Want extreme political government that puts focus of Islam at the center.

Prohibited women from working, attending school, and being examined by male doctors.

Males were punished for short beards, not going to the Mosque when told.

Set up religious police on the streets to enforce laws.

A religious political party. A religious political party. Came on the map in 1972, during the Munich Came on the map in 1972, during the Munich

Olympic games.Olympic games. Have no official land, b/c of the Balfour Have no official land, b/c of the Balfour

Declaration. Get help and $ from Iran.Declaration. Get help and $ from Iran. It is significant b/c has something to do with It is significant b/c has something to do with

Palestine and issues with Israel. Palestine and issues with Israel. Since as recent as 1999, Hamas has been Since as recent as 1999, Hamas has been

leasing a campaign of suicide bombings, leasing a campaign of suicide bombings, handing out leaf lets aimed at the Palestinian handing out leaf lets aimed at the Palestinian people expressing their ideas.people expressing their ideas.

Have current control of the Gaza Strip and Have current control of the Gaza Strip and associate with the PLO or Palestine associate with the PLO or Palestine Liberation Organization. Liberation Organization.

Takes place during WWI, when Britain asked the Palestine government to help fight the Turks. They don’t help, but the Jewish people did.

Britain gave the Palestine land to the Jews and formed Israel. This was illegal.

The Revolution was lead by Ayatollah Khomeini.

He was believed to be the 12th Imam. He was exiled to Iraq, and later to Paris. In 1979, the Shaw of Iran lost power when

he tried to implement secular western modernization to his people.

This resulted with discontent with his people.

They invited Ayatollah Khomeini to take power in Iran.

He took power based on Islamic principles.

Go against ideology like LockeLocke, HobbesHobbes, and RousseauRousseau.

Every aspect of the state is based around Islam. › Theocracy – everything is ran by religion,

the government follows religion. Follow the law set forth by Muslim clerics.

Fatwa means go against the state.

Dangerous b/c government in the hands of religion and may remain backwards.

America. Europe. Buddhist and Hindus.

› Sikhism in India. › Sri Lanka.