® volunteered geographic information (vgi) and open standards © 2015 open geospatial consortium...

®

Volunteered geographic information (VGI) Volunteered geographic information (VGI) and Open Standardsand Open Standards

© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium

Mark Reichardt

President & CEO

[email protected]

+1 301 840-1361

mailto:[email protected]

OGC®

Interoperability Interoperability

• Defined as the ability of diverse systems, applications and organizations to work together (inter-operate).

• Affords us opportunity to save time, reduce cost, increase flexibility, protect assets and lives

© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium © 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 2

OGC®

Geospatial Information and Technologies Inform and Geospatial Information and Technologies Inform and Enhance Decision MakingEnhance Decision Making

Emergency / Disaster Management

Aviation Flight Information /

Safety

Meteorology, Hydrology, Ocean

Monitoring

© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium

Source: DigitalGlobe

OGC®

Global Framework of Geospatial Global Framework of Geospatial Standards OGC / ISOStandards OGC / ISO

Rapid discovery, access, fusion and application of location information for:•Catalogue•Geography Markup Language•KML•Observations and Measurements

•SensorML•Sensor Observation Service•Sensor Planning Service•Web Coverage Service•Web Feature Service•Web Map Service•Web Map Tile Service•Web Processing Service

http://www.opengeospatial.org/standards

http://www.opengeospatial.org/standards

OGC®

Then:

Now:

Today – A myriad of geospatial data sources Today – A myriad of geospatial data sources and producersand producers

OGC®

Thousands of Data SourcesThousands of Data Sources

• The number of sources of GEO data is increasing geometrically, e.g– UAVS– Mobile Devices– Citizen Scientists– Increase in Space borne and airborne sensors– CCTVs, Flood gauges

• In many cases there are untapped resources

• Increasing complexity


OGC®

VGI / Crowdsourcing ObservationsVGI / Crowdsourcing Observations

• Inclusive - everyone can participate and contribute, gives a great sense of contributing to society

• Additional, often critically important data, can augment and shape authoritative data

• Often minimal provenance and data quality indicators

• Works well for it’s original purpose, but often difficult to repurpose (lack of metadata, cataloging)

• VGI can be user observed or feeds from user established sensors / IoT

• Standards can support and simplify VGI capture, processing and integration


OGC®

Social Networking User Generated Social Networking User Generated Information / Crowdsourcing PlatformsInformation / Crowdsourcing Platforms

Source: http://www.sahanafoundation.org

Source: www.inrelief.org

Source: http://www.ushahidi.com/

Source: Erik (HASH) Hersman. Flickr

• Ushahidi• InRelief• OpenStreetMap• Sahana• MapAction• Commercial

http://www.sahanafoundation.org/

http://www.inrelief.org/

http://www.ushahidi.com/

OGC®

Location Enabling SMS Messaging: Location Enabling SMS Messaging: OGC Open GeoSMSOGC Open GeoSMS

• Characteristics– Multilingual

– Multi-device

– Harmonized with many existing applications

– Incorporates relevant ISO standards

• Significant potential for many applications

• Adopted in 2011

• Submitted to International Telecommunications Union (ITU)


OGC®

Open GeoSMS for Volunteers to Contribute POIsOpen GeoSMS for Volunteers to Contribute POIs

10 Mobile App from GeoThings

OGC®

Sahana and OGC Open GeoSMSSahana and OGC Open GeoSMS

11 http://eden.sahanafoundation.org/downloads/SahanaGeoSMSerV5.apk

OGC®

Advancing Mobility - OGC GeoPackageAdvancing Mobility - OGC GeoPackage

• The OGC GeoPackage standard is a universal file format for geodata. – open, standards-based, application and platform

independent, and self-describing. – Works on any desktop or mobile OS – For use in a connected / disconnected environment

• GeoPackage - the modern alternative to formats like GeoTIFF, SDTS and vendor specific

• Experience it here: http://www.ogcnetwork.net/geopackage

http://www.ogcnetwork.net/geopackage



OGC®

What does GeoPackage make easier?What does GeoPackage make easier?

• emailing data• web site publishing• sharing data on a USB stick• mobile apps• file-based access


OGC®

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OGC Web Services Testbed 9OGC Web Services Testbed 9Haiti Evacuation ScenarioHaiti Evacuation Scenario


WFS

Mediate and ConflateUser preferred data model

WFS WFS

NGA USGS Twitter

Usahidi

WFS

OSM

WFS

Emergency ResponderUses a Geospatial Client that can process OGC Web Feature Service (WFS)

Available data – different information models)

OGC®

Mediation and ConflationMediation and Conflation


• Identification Feature conflation– Is it the same feature?

• Semantic Inconsistencies– Name of the feature– Name of the attributes

• Geometric Conflation– Points matching– Polygons matching

OGC®

Examples of Clients Implementing WFSExamples of Clients Implementing WFS


OGC®

Arctic Sensor Web PlatformArctic Sensor Web Platform

• Challenges for Arctic Geospatial and Sensor Data– difficult and costly to collect data

– coverage is sparse

– data are not updated

– one area, many countries

• As a result, data sharing becomes critical!!– example: Arctic Spatial Data Infrastructure (ASDI)

• The Arctic Sensor Web Platform provides easy-to-use tools allowing ANYONE to publish and share their sensing devices over the Web via interoperable OGC interfaces.

• Funded by GeoConnections, developed by SensorUp Inc. (a University of Calgary startup)

17

OGC®


• Base map is based on Open Street Map data

– use VGI to solve the data sparsity problem

– server live-synced with OSM database, latest updates are synced within minutes

• Note that map tiles are NOT in web mercator projection

– currently available in six different polar projections

18

Source: Steve Liang, University of Calgary

OGC®


• The Platform is based on OGC SensorThings (a candidate standard being advanced in the OGC for 2015 adoption)

19

http://www.opengeospatial.org/projects/groups/sensorthings


OGC®


• Any one can contribute data to the Arctic Sensor Web by using an open source hardware device.

20

Wireless ModuleWireless ModuleTemperatureTemperature Humidity Humidity

EthernetEthernet

CPUCPU

StorageStorageCOCO

DustDust

Hydrogen GasHydrogen Gas

Citizen sensing prototype based on the open source Netduino platform


OGC®


21


OGC®

Need for Policy and Legal FrameworksNeed for Policy and Legal Frameworks

• Some Considerations:– Ownership– Intellectual Property Rights– Licensing Terms– Liability– Privacy

• Jurisdictional differences in law and policy for the above

Some References:

Some legal concerns with the use of crowd-sourced Geospatial Information, George Cho, University of Canberra, http://iopscience.iop.org/1755-1315/20/1/012040/pdf/1755-1315_20_1_012040.pdf

THE ODbL AND OPENSTREETMAP: ANALYSIS AND USE CASES, Center for Spatial Law and Policy, http://www.spatiallaw.com/Uploads/ODbL_and_OpenStreetMap__Analysis_and_Use_Cases_.pdf

http://irevolution.net/2014/10/21/code-of-conduct-cyber-crowdsourcing-for-good/Robin Taylor, Kate Chapman, Brooke Simons

Thank YouThank You

Mark [email protected]

+1 301 840-1361

http://www.opengeospatial.org/ http://www.youtube.com/user/ogcvideo/videos

® volunteered geographic information (vgi) and open standards © 2015 open geospatial consortium...

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