~f ~ ~. ... JL u Iii I( v JJ..P ell ()Ji .. .. . . -'r- c:C J [; iJ..'IJ~ /JJ{.J} }f.oJkJoJJ

Al-Risala Monthly1, Nizamuddin West Market

New Delhi 110013Mobile: +91-8588822679

Tel. 011-41827083Email: cs.alrisala@gmail.com

Annual Subscription RatesRetail Price 30 per copySubscription by Book Post 300 per yearSubscription by Regd. Post 400 per yearSubscription (Abroad) US $20 per year

Bank Details Al-Risala Monthly

Punjab National BankA/c No. 0160002100010384IFSC Code: PUNB0016000

Nizamuddin West Market Branch

To order books by Maulana Wahiduddin Khan, please contact Goodword Books

Tel. 011-41827083, Mobile: +91-8588822672Email: sales@goodwordbooks.com

Mobile: 8588822679

Printed and published by Saniyasnain Khan on behalf of Al-Markazul Islami, New Delhi. Printed at Tara Art Printers Pvt. Ltd., A46-47, Sector 5, Noida-201301. Published from 1, Nizamuddin

West Market, New Delhi-110013 Editor: Saniyasnain Khan. Total Pages:52

January 2021 | Volume 46 | Issue 1

Goodword Bank Details Goodword Books

State Bank of IndiaA/c No. 30286472791

IFSC Code: SBIN0009109Nizamuddin West Market Branch

t 1(1i'

063

:.:r-Lf'L.fi'~--fiL~~r I can prove anything by statistics- except the truth.

_£JrLIY~.n-c:C.f~~.f;&fi'?.-Jj£-:.-1J~J.,I~~()7(/

UJ,.( -=--~ J.f ()7 ~vs -=--1)~ -.:r-!f/J;~ ()7 L.~J~Jr.,...(( -=--1)~ ~~--fi ( ~# ~ f~v~v_!f1J,.f ()7 ~v J,_,j,.,.f u-,f .:r- t-r l.tfl Lr _1;-.n-u:f~J.f ~,_,j,., ~~~_.t~~~-=--1)~ _( .:r-t-.n-k!!/'1'-.:r-t-.n-~)}L~~.,f ~~(U"11Lr.n-~~()7~VJ~J.f

-r:t.n-~~ 064

tl.,.ft~~yV()7JL.-)1()7fL('L_~~'-LJJ~?()7jJ~l..:o--fi

uY..Ji J~..- UJ-?~ J./J~..- UJ T'r :L['L.()7 -ui 111} v S u-'-~.n- t:zlr .fu-UfLr.n-t~()7JL.-)I~yV(T'1PLLU"'-4f?J'dJL.-UJ-?~

_LJ:-My(J"''T-)e; J_,...~;/_)~.,) 1:1'

ft!LdJ.,I~ui?lrt.f ~lv~ft!~d~.,f .:r-:-J!v(~i~J...'"~~J

r.f .:r-:-J~v(~i~J...'" '-.:r-~J1cl:.J~~.:r-u:f~l;.1.()7~Ju-,~irr J)~ _d;.,,~~J)~ .,i-tt.?-~.n-~rif. ~()7f .:r-~.,~.n-~rti!J'~

-uiJ1()7~J~~U:D"u)~~~LU"'-T-~)Jf)~/.J~i.D" 065

h"'-T-ifV(~I_( Lf' ()7'-A'-_4 L.~~(;.Hf1!;. L. ~L.:o--fi -~JPIJJ~t:l-~uiL.n-L/L~L.:o~~~~

5

~~.)I(;_,,J..th.r~L~,f (.)1zv_t~~~.f(]J1Y.Ji~_,(.)1-d-4

{~;_,J~I.JJ~-T-u:f~~l.f~Jt.-~~JYt:......fl-T-~~u:ti(;_,IJ'~hT.f ~..:t1i:;;-1~,dLJ/JJ ~f,_(J1 d""YL~;_,)Ji4--'-T-~Yu! U?~l

-u1Lh~u!d""YL~

066

:T-~j~.JJ~.J-'I(t('-="LLV-.,.Q,!?J.JJ~Jl..:f....(l REV John, Preacher in Church of God, Sector 33, Chandigarh

Lu!-~.J!P(fl('J.....u.,Ji-T-~~JJ~(~fl('L.u:.P'-="'.J-'J tiJY.Y_;;.J;t,_,ufu:J!I~)r.,...~,fuv~vu1?~~J)~,r;.)!P(J)~..:tt(lf' ul('f 4-kfJ~fhJ..?..lu4fi(J!I~L.u!-T-flf'J.....u_,a(,_u:f

~flf'Lu!-V~,Y.._(I(~I.Jn~-T-.J~IJI.J-'1LJ!I~JbJ1~fi_,_T-d.~~~~~.Jw{.J}..:,../I.J~Lt.~~.JV~I.:..J-'-T-~-'r{T'1~

-~Y.Yu! ~~.JvLJ!Iti~~JJ~(~If ~JY.YT-1.J}~_,;,T-v;~JJ~('-="1}f ~{~'-="~~T'rf,,~L~I JbY.:1.)}~_,;T-~~~ru-

~-'U"IU:fT-~UJU1u_d-U:.J01j1U:~uJ1L~~~~1fT-~UJIJ1J' :u_,./ ~~;;!J!1

Your freedom is to call Azan in the late hours of the night. My freedom is to have a good sleep at that time.

V'Jft~1tfU:0WI~Af>~-'1(Ll--1fuiz(J).f£JJ'~IiJI_,L~)U"1

f T-~-.J/J}J'i£~J~/(LL--11..:-'I~U"'-T-~#1b0WI~Af>~~-'I'T-1Jft~11kf T-~~-T-~/VVk1~fuv~-LrhJ~~0~~f(LL--1

-01-'"~JL(Ll--1~-'10WI~Af>...G,'T-01-'"~JL'*IJ1JJ'~_,10WI~Af>~-'''T-068

dL f LC1917 J,~) ,J,c(l~,cly,J:1 (';4 ;_, J.t,..,U:t984 SJ~.,~~(J:}U:C~0llf)~~,..~~fi~(~)vu:~su~t~_,u:h~

U~-T-!:'rlf'Coperation Blue Star)~~~}.~{1/'JI_,~~(J:}u-L/ jl~t~01P.(u~,(~-l3o('L~?~Jr~VwL01~....f)YL -hJJJ4.hLJfi t9s4-~.;rl3tu::¢iLu~~t;=~£f Ju~-V'Jf

:L3lf'L.t~~()J.J.LJf Lhft{,.;liJU"I (The assasination of Mrs Indira Gandhi by Sikh youths) has effectively nullified Maneka Gandhi as a political force. Moreover, this murder has triggered of "a wave of sympathy" in favour ofRajiv Gandhi.

~~-h)./fJ1~L~1b'-'~~/',J,c(~LjJL,J,c(y ~~--'~YLufit.:~--T-&ri~)~J.t.JSu)~)flu:J>L,J,c(J?-I~~Lu-1 ~~01~L~~J' ~~~,cl~_,ft3~Jj~}.JLu~IL3!f' jJJ' ,f,c(

_{1~1.,U:01~L~~JJ?L.-L~1b~~~~"'~~Lj1'-'IJ:uiT-~

7

_4oi~~~J~S~--GaJkJ~~i~f(U:(I9s4)A~.L,Jr ---0 J~,.j!C:JI~IH.J.fl,./,1 ~T ~ C:Jijl,.j!((l~l,.:,l~ifiJ)'

- '7-J~_rf ..::.-/. 069

L.f#s~~~~u:':f.~b,_(Ji,;;..c-z;;k~J,~~~.~{J'y ({L~IP!LV"L~.JJS!..-(~Iu!Jlf.JijfJJJ~('.J~I.J,JL}"'~-(Ji

: Jjf..:.-11!.l.~~~{(li--~J--?.J~f JUl(-~ ... J~;.df Suit 2025, Hotel Sentaur, New Delhi

Jr f~Luy/'-T--VJr--f');;L':f1f~ ~~~.J{JirLU: u'r~'':f1J~;&(P--~JiJr~f~LU:-~;&(P--~Ji ~U:-T--VJrfrk~iuiiu:f~Luy/'-(JiLhf{~ifu:

_jf 2f.~J' Jr(L.f (follow)i~i ~'7-u-I{L.-~;;,fujfrk

L':frf~;&rP----f');;L'i"1-ifiJrfVJ,r~~~a.J~')L.U: _(JiLhf{(V"I':f1}~'7-;&(P.~.~,_?u-I{(JrJ.Uz-.L~~

'i"1f u;' J(P.~(' .f&,r{~~T--V ( criterion)cl: ~,;;,__(J;;L'i" TA ~J£_£'-..J,.:,~I?.ti,JJ(V"I~(j'ly_'f-~.JJu-l{aJJZ/.(

-~!f' J;uzJiJL.-)IJ~Iu!}t~.~Jjf

070

t!l..~.af. Lji"Lr~,c.~a,_(Ji(Liu!~ ~J~,c.lcl:J((;~Lk~'

((;'-J:..::...-t.~~((;uu;L~t:.rrf~L.uy/I~I.J')Lfo(L1?.-L k/.'~J((;'-fiJ~U:J1,..c-z~~!;!45'~/J~I{_.a;~~;?-L

8

_u:f(~;rt(LJt(~;(~J-:.-L..L..''T--(~;rt(LJt(~;L~),:.-1:';?

,..,t~Uz..L~)Jt,...o.J( ~.Yu:i?-L,..,t~Uz..L~),:.-L..L..,li.Y~t~'~,.,;

(~)~{UJ'-"'t~J?.,.'-.Jia{,.,;~LV1~~~jJ1:';?{,.,;"-')l5"'-IY?-L

Jf.Jul(..-:.-:ifJ_JJJJf~~J/.J{Jt,...-J1:';?U:UJ'-"''-.11«-T--d~~J/.J.f ~Lf~)u'-T--(~;rt(LJt(~;LJt,...-J1:';?f '7-(UJ'-"''-.II«f 'T-~~_,JY.~"':""""{-:.-~Lc:>'d'.JLLLJt~J?.,._'T-k~ '-~Lf ullL~V(~{~H-'d1}(UZi(U'J'-"'Ji-T--(~{,.,;(UZi#

_Luf ~Jf r T'r~, 071

~~;-=--d~~J.;:JU: ui-~/'-/-'J.I-''~.f .-f/{d,;.J, d'i' l(uY"-'1>. .f ~li1~~.tA .. .(I~ U: d'-L? ..;W L .-f/ j,;,_JJf (Hasan Dauh [1921-2001])"-'-'J~~~'/./LuY"-'I>.Ldl}l_li1r~ uY"-'I>.U:u(T--~.IJ~;~("':""""d',_/,uf.._;JJJ..-I?.U:LLJIIJ?.,._i:.-

_li1r~k~~~-'{.l_,hJZ j-J /U: ~,,li1(~rv ~t;P/~_,/" f T--~~(Carmed struggle)~_,~u-P u'Su£/ u,~··:··t) J,(-.,.; L~PLu_,~)j J,(-.,.;JJPLu-tJ-t! J£,_/,u; ~.1L '(JJ..-'

-T--r~k~~j(J~_,,-=--J{.~_,hJ ?U:"':""""d'f '7-~-'~--.JL~PL uf.._;~Ji-ll1~ "Jjj "-'I>."U: .-f/~l5"U: u£/d' {LLJt~J?.,. di.J( I:"JfJ?.,. Jjj"-'I>.UI(..Ldf-.J/~l~{.l_,hL~ Jjju: UP'"? L).;.:J./-''-=--J~~(dfA.~_,,_JJf~~;~,~~)k;~"':"""".fLS-:.-/jtJif..L

_C\(d'"I.JJI.:,../L~

9

J~ILJ'IJ4.-U"IcT-':JfLJ ?.fv?OJJIJ lo!!.:f..fv)J(((-:.-JJ -LA' JJft~-=--~J~Ij _J.;.,Icd.?-Lv_,/'J

072

_JJf~~EU:4-~Lv)~l)j~~£:~U:(I526).J?J'~j~ ~ubi.).,J~.. ... J,.,L.d-L.L~~I.)_,J.f v?li1.:-~~l(..t.L11J(EVI ., .. . .. .,. . k1.:-:-~U:/. J(;JLJJ.,P[ ~~.f,.,;I.,(./IJ UJI~~f T--=--~~J:J"J' ~~ j~~)JIUP-"-u.f~Jt:ut(~/.~NI1~4.-L':':-JJ.J.f JLJJI.-"i.Jf ?-.)jL$.J..t.~l~.,fk)e,-:-.fu_,;:.fiLv?cJ"~~u-4L.Sf.JUi.li

_u.f ~11'~11/.(;)~~ . . jiJJlf. uvJP L (;)~~ fu) J_;~J..t.;.fjiJJlf. J L u_,;:.fi }IJfJ.~U:U?..hJJ.,)l&V~IiJJI~lf..l.-..t.lJ-T-J./.4.--~~~JL (flint JIJJfi'IJ~ J(f ~--?-'J (./I_JJf~1-"(~J./.J.f &)J~ lf..l.-..t.IJ (match Jy J.?JJ_,..JI &V f J"J1 (fi..!-Jl:: Jv{lJJI U}fiJcUh.;;;locks) u=tt.-U:~.AfJJJ(;)~ f T-:-~-LA'J((tU:L)J.,~((;)I~.;;;locks)

-T-~~Y.~"':"""'(i,)(tJ(;)lU:L~;~)?.YLJtJ-''LJf~U:(.PL

073

JIJI~ J JfJJ"':"""'J "':"""' kf fut v?Lzl.f ~ Jvi~U: (;)~~ f '1--:--..,;/J)_u:fJ)?J.f u: .::,...YL?.J/'JJJI.::,...YL?.-...(IJui~-LA' ?.JJiuiL~JfJi(;)~~(./IT-C'i.U:(anti-Hindu tone)(;J}_,~~~J~?.

_Jjt~U"IT-C'i.U:(pro-Hindu tone)(;J}J~J{ (' ,.t •. ~ 1. (' ..

i UJJIJI (anti-establishment)~: .. I~I~J,..J T-:-&'7(1;(UYY

10

J:~ -'"'' L (II iu~11~1 (pro-establishment)~~{ .~~1 u! J) ~ _JJfu:i~~v

U: tJ}J£_ tJ)tJ..--~"'="'~' ...;l)-Jl1r:-J~I4V {.::.-~U"I U: ~I;. #X

u:fJ~~~-'JL~1._f/U:1Ji ~~~J'u-L&z.t~~r~ ..J~LtJ1~kr ~/~ f 'T-~~ t.fr-Jf J) uE ~ J' (adjustment)~ .!I~ tjJ~#X?. JJf

-kt:,£~,,rL&P'U:,..PLuil)..--jr.~~L~~h?-4S'u~~

074

(Kigali)J({jt,~I.JJf~I~.JJ 1984J,23(k;J)~IZJI~~..ft5 ~.f.z...~u:f~~~V~J.JI~~~-Lu-41~J 1984 ?r£~1,L.L1JJ~ _Ia( u;iL.~~~~L!''T-la(3L--LJ!,/~i? '-fiL_tJ_,ar,f 'T-.:.-~ -u!'T--'~~J~/U:~!/3L.-'-fi-u!Lf'5;AA~C(~_tu;:Lu_,ar,

-u!L5;fl~hi.&...J~_tL~J.JI

L~:t.)t~~t5L~rJi--t{' ~u.~~..c'u~..cJ,~tvY Lu_,ar,u: JJ -LuJfJ''-fiJP!'-fi~1J'T-la(v)u.~r,~'~i?

(('--'laJr('TI~~~f_u!'T--'Jr(J_:lf~J/.JU:_..P2)1~1Z!I~~_./t5 ~ tJ~ .~~1 ,(Jf ~~I;; J~l.>:~;;t:.a:ui/ JJ -l('L_u_,ar, -u! ;!( il! J' Li -'-JI;;~I~J l:J'~U"Is~~J~Jif ~Jf-.J~ .:.-JJt,) !J..-IU: (li'-.Jl.-

075

.::.-111.1. --fi-'-__;tJ~ '--'Ia-'~' L1 JJ 11.J (li..J~?"--fiL ~~~ = l('P! L ~y ~)£ Lu_,ar'-':r-V ~k-'J S' ~r:r I

-T--'~j)'::.JJi(;)~"'t~.JJ,(-=--~sJ~J.)~ :&fi'UfiJ-1:-~u:/.f -::.-JJU: (;)1 }~ J'J.f U:.:.~J"J?.Y' f T--=--~~ ~-=--JJ~(JJV/J~IfUV~-~u:/-::.-JJU:01}.f iffT-c;!~l)J1

-~;&.Jj,if.-GT-

076

:T-r~((1877-1938)J~,_..!,(i

JJ'Jb~/-::.-APT-fV Jb~J} ,(JJ~J~~V~JJ~.f~»

~J£ui LJ}{U'Vjlui ~J;JJ?L..LJr. ..::...(. ._,0.)~1Lf u' L 01J-T- d'J j1} J'/V"j ui L~ d'J?..J~,L f u'f~ru:/ Lf U"'-((((;)l)lh,'T-(((I~tJ-=:.-AP.f Jb~.JjltLif.fli~J~~V,J.Uv

-d'J.S.J(J.f U:ur--?__G,T-cC.trl~}~.,a!'J/~.J~I ~LuJi_,r( well-wisher)"'} _f(U}Ij~J"jf T-~((~l((:(y

.:.,;;_Jf.?(.:;_J-::.-JJJ-::.-J1.fuJi"j_uf ~.trl!.J~o::;L.::..~U:JJLU"'

LJ(;)L(ii(J>"jf T-~Lf.JIJ_.-JJ0l.!' J'-Jf.?(Lh"Ju.r~f

,J!fV')T-VLf' Cu: 01}.f ~~!:t.trt£1} .J~Jr~I((;)L(i'u'-uf:L'j f T-1:-.tr k''l1 u:~L-::.-JJ.:.~t u'-T-~lr jl.!,tfti~Jr.:.kYIJ~-C 1:62 (~U"I('I:--ui~~LI_yLh~I(U"Itrjkui?.fJ}..f~I.JLJ>._O

-0WIJ.f,_G,T-,~VIj2....ht.fui.JjfUijLJ ~

077

(;)I?.}J~~-::.-11U.J.;tU:1982J,(;)I.Jj)L_.rL....ffv"'="')'

(1918-1981)-=.-IJL...Ji,L~L..u~'-T-JY~..tfiJrt((;),_J'J,r~

12

_(".hJ u:fr{UJ!I}I~tU:fL.L.f v;_,fk t;.U:"-AL ~LI.f'.J-''kJJIJu;!'~LhDf.fJ_,~tJL~.Jfold.......:.-IJI..-.JJI wi5'L.~~~~~bUIJli:V:U:.J;~iiLJy~../,::..._-"'Lh/

J~1A:~I4:-o'i..'::ll~~~~~l.!.l~

J:,.~l~&-o~.)'::ll~_,rll::JI~~wi5'~J~'::li~~J~~_,"

t>)~bli)fo~l1>~J~~bUiwl5'_,_~_,·wl~l~"~l

~~-'~'~T--rhl.f~~~~-''T--JJ1--fiu;!'~.Jfol)_~~~~o~ tf;~.)~ u: L.)J~/~1..::.-IJI..-.JJI_L. U-' ~ tJ)y{~'-T--k..C:L { ~u:

C(u_,.f u:ir{u?Lz~'u:fz..L.I

Jj~NPJI.f~u:!'l.flf_JJL-"'(P'"d~.J;WI~L..:.-IJI..-.JJI -LT--.JJ~~{)I.f~~?.{..:.-!?'"~I~NPJI.f~}T{..:.-IJI..-.JJI

J L~(j'. Jlr~HPL"-.JIJI ~J.fu~_,Jj_-"f~.JIJI if. J.f ( UJ~ L -::,..YUWI ~,?.,L u.:./ J)..-u_, ~L"-.J')'-::,..Yuw,,~~ .tSL.-L l.f' J'fLuii/4-L~I.J-'1..:.-IJI..-.JJI_v~u;ilr~ld.......::.-IJI..-.JJiu;!'"-JIJ

:'T-~.J-"fu;!'L)J.JIJI~IJ}?.T--Jj.-u_,~..('f-(fb=~.fuJiLI_,d._~;..-~1;-IJ

d;2~ f.JJ_( ~l;f cl:l

078

tf {,.;pl t./..1 J;:~JV.L ..::.-)JU: u-?u:f t./..1 if-~1--fi u: ~1} "-.J ~..J.f((" (.)"lu;!'t;.Jl:"()JJ..-IL$'.J{f 'T---?-'~-L1( JVJ{ ..::.-~~1..-~u-?'-"' ..:.-.JJ}'{I.flu:!'(JJ..-'-T--l:"~k~U: ..:.-.J~{" ~u:ts.Jt-{ ~.4?.tlu;f~,_,

-L~JJiy.fl.flkL~{~:fJ'~?.L..:.-kJ!fJ1u:fJ;Jf 13

tt 1(1i'~

~=rf1~')-A/~(~;·,r~7..-~-

fr.•A~~ 7lr.J!f7 ..-~ri-~r~r;fp 7;11 ~ji)•~ j??-~~ ~ ~ fr.·A~~70-4'"7;/5"')1£1~~r-,r,-,rfif;t'17,..,.,r

1.51{1'2 pr-::.-'1,-,r f'~~~~r~ ji-~~f7'11J'tfCJ~J':trr~~~m!f~~';r.:,t·~4?-fr.•A

f) ?I~ r-fz) fr.;A ~~ IJ1 ~ J' I{';~ )"1'1 ft ~-~J fr.;A fi~~~~A~/rry-~~~:EI~~'~rp )"'1(17 ,.;~-

0-fr.•A?-•~5"4~;t'1/if(17~""""?r-fz?-f)l~'""?:rft

6LO

1r"'"'?'!.(;t'11J1{1'2)1ij J1r~f1J1 J/1(~

(l~l~

~)~~# J;:f u1 z}../.lu! zi.)u: ~~J~ ~i ~ --?.J)f_~ t.

-u12;:-JJt,iJJJZ{JU"IJ~I,u1(~LJf

080

)~,J.i.,~~~f~k)~).?iui!/t.f..f'(Ld~k1JU'iLJ'..c(lll(

=u...fuJAJ,:,ytL/~ We have to follow the example of Abu Bakr and Umar

Wl--f' '(OJ!:- jl)l JA .. -~~ k'i u:)J(,:,yt?. '(tf..c;u:)~) JL~IL (J.L.-1

dlf_LtJI/Ldi-~~~C?JJt;=IJ~~~I/~J~IJ.i.l~-~,:,yt L~i Jb~)~ILJ(G"i~_L_z{ J.f(t;JdiLI~~)f ~JL.-J,tf..c;J'

-~r;~ ~~(;?.Ld'-:-lrJi u: )}:'/(J.L..-IJ)?._u!d_ytJ)kv?.L-:.d'WIJJl.-tJ~JJtJJidl

J.i.,iui!/~,fLuf~)J(.i'i"r~,~~luJf~~Ji~~z...L~L~~ uf:-yt Ji ~)u-~ Lo)rf 'T-~~-~.1 ~Jd'( f u.i'.!'""")J~Jfi

_uf./ ~/..)}LA.vJ~~i tf . .. 081

J>1--f'U:1975_'T-J:!'uY.--fiJJ;}~~~(Loch Ness)~Jv J:fu:u-;}}dL?.}}j~)..ciLJ:fu-,~)jL'-~~)U:Jd.....tJIJdiG"

u/..~d'-L-U: J>JtJY.PJL J)~J~~-L- 2::-J Jlih J~£LJ..c1L ~..c;~flf'1J/.LJJ~'(Lf!l{tJY.PJd'f J'u~-lf'Vt,~J ~Uv(tJY.PJ

LLLJf..S Jt;=IJ..CIL J:fu-, Jj;}~~,f!!'V-u! U/..~JtJ~Ji~

3L.-L.bV1U:LLJf..SJ.UvL*'11iJI~?.,u1J?.YJi~'-Y.'-Y.~~

15

91 1(1i'

_Jlj" ~~NI1~U~-'LUi~-'-'' -T-I:-~Jf~0,fo.._f!(01U~-'luiLJfL,_,L.~.~~u:f'~_,.lt:1 u5 u: ~v~v~.~J1_1)) ~!'A--flu: etL~~,Lf.L.ui~v)~, Ji-"'..cLS.,,ui L.f.;;.; ?.-;:;,,Ji~..ctf-0~ f_uJfif ~.~J~..tu'

-~f~Ju:{~.;}{tJ'I~luJ~'-/-'J 083

L~_,j.tu=~LtJ'LLLJf~~u:il'fthtli.tt L)!1981

-~fi'IJi-.(u\AJ?.~J/.JL~J~tJ0t:-.lt:1~-'tJ''-~J~~-'~' Ji~_,JfJi?~_,j.tt .::::....~~s'-.~IJ,t J_,~--f!~' 1981 Ji29

:IJ'L.~.f-0Lz.lJ'-.;IJI{tYuLl3!f'J!' ~L)! JJ~ (U~ .::::,...~~~JiY.J.JJIJh_,IJ?-J J"!, .. .,-£~_,jt01.JIJ~j£~_,j{' '-.Jia_l;+~ ktyl u:( u_,f~) ( ~_,, ~JY -ui zrf ~)e._ u_,f Jjf'~u.~L~_,j.tfL .. .:r-k~?..tJ'IJi/~Ji.ttL.'--'IJI _{1981,Ji28)'~Jf.;I/Jil:JJ~Ji.t.;-'IL~J!'e_.::::....~)--,

Jf~J~~Ity1J?f;uiLi.0V~-'-t-Jt(lllJf~J~~~(U_,fiJ~ JfJLC>I.::::....tfJtJ'tJJiv~('--''J'{;t~LuiLJJfJ~~~LtJI~_,J -T-I:-h~I~)('~~~Jiy/~_,,'1J/'~_,~1Jat..I.;#.LJ!'--'~LtJ'IL~ ,.?~~~Uz...L(' tJ''-.:r-!:-h.Uz...("=--'-'~.::::....tJ'I~-'?..;:;,,.::::....U-'fiJf

-u:f~ Ji U:~)~J?.YJ~~Uz...l....,a!;_,,,ui~~Uz...L..,ar 084

U:f:u!~u:)""J.j~L.u:i 1979 tJ.~_,j6 ~JL--~L.-~ 17

Jy..~~ILI~lk~~~(LJ:/4-~~.f'Jy..~LI~LvALI~~ J"J~11'~-kJ~;J/(..:.-JJJ!J..-14--"L...U"'-kJJAJI.wiY.~JkJV,)4-L (LjJ~,(~.f''-fiJL.f..:..:~(/.(L,..~;.-I..~(~.f'~~'-T-~if~

Uzr(credit)~~./.f''-fiJL./(discredit)~~yJ.f' ~~'-T-~JJI.fl

-( l979tt.).Jjj6 ).:r-1:-Lj

L'''-.JI)If ~'~~L.n'2z:-..1~'-.JI)It ~L.~u:Jr~ ..~,,,g_T-..~./ ?itJJ1 U:'?.LL.;;~/.i ~ '-fl..I''L...J:/4-i~ ~..JI(UiiuJr~~A'J~C:,LJJ/;.-I..~LJ~_j~,f.l31Jf~u-14-/Z'~~ ~..cJ~~L,~J(JL .. )LklJJ~;?tyi2.....J~11LUJf~.J)f~;J/J!J..-1L

-if-~.)j,~.)

085

~~~{~1f.:r-J\-~~(LJf~L(J~11,~11'Jy..~ (tJ_t~~'-:"_t~L.~;L~1-4..~}LJ~-.:r-JViJc:..__i/v~J?~

.A .,. 6

l31:-JfUkll~(}if7'~,_l31;-~~JlfiY.~~..:;},U"I.f't};if_l3.J,;~

_£,.( -=--~U:I~dVJ7?. ~~-t:l.u:fJ,J.f'~(t.)_t~,r~(1fL{J~111~1l1Jy..~f J.... u.f ~ O.JI:- ~~;J~U/'J Ji {?..~}c:.. _,i..~..Ju-1~ C:,lj.J~)IL 2.....~; dl.JIJ,P_,i~~1f.:r-J(4-.LL..f..:..:b'~~J,P_,i~(J::;J"~r_t

-L~L~~~r_g_

086

.:r-..~l::.J(L.~~~~ui)~~,_JJf..:.-!1U.~~xdlJ.--o~

18

-T-rlfJ~IJ(IJrJ.{u!d.L.P-T-J;f:?.~l(d.L.Pfk~Luyi'-L

-T-c:CJf.J~d.L.P.;::....J; Jr~lf~'-JLz.f vr~jf T-~((J'~V(LJif u.f d.L.P u: / ~, ~tJ..--f T-~ ~~ u;.:.;::.... ~ SuitJ..---if' Luy;,

-t~IP(.::..-I..t.~fbArT-~!..-1t£~1t~d.L.Pfuv~v_L~

Lu_,t1'-uJL~d.L.PU:/~'~1!(fla({.;::....~1LU:.P!LLI' u.fr((L~ d.L.PU: /~~~j.;::._~j S ~t-~~.~k£ Luy;,_u.f fl{' -L~u.f'hr.L.P"U:/~'~tJ..--f ~~JJ:.;::....~SuJtJ..--_zf) '-J~~j~.~?(L~ 'hr.L.P"U: uj/~,f T-~~uJ:.;::....~SuitJ..--

_L/ui(((L~'hr.L.P'U:uj/~IJ??.,u:iT-"' 087

~.fLJI.;Jii.f,..-~u!(?.~~~fk~LCJJ)~L.PJ~..ItVY v-Jf.v.u:~u:flt5r~u~L~x~.;::....L~V~Lv'-&r'7S

:JJ lP> J;~~k ~.f LJIL~Y.-Lirlf J~.;.;::....L.flf 4-~J'k!1J£uJf ~~ (.)I..C).JJ~h~.J~(.)Y-{~~1

_(J J~.~.;::....L~V~.f LJI.P! Lui.;JI!(t,j }w~ LJILLJI -u:iLlf'-J;U:~jLJLtiJL)bL('ulu!JI~JJ:.:4~l).---~.~.ht ~u: .::..-lalJ? LIJL~LLJI 'l3k1~LL)(.f .::.-Ia}?. (;!J~j .J;WIJLl--1£LuyJ,_~)(Islamize)f~Ll--l.f.::..-1alLu_,t1,;:_~-L

-~~J 1,1..-1.f v,iJ~.

088

fk~Lu_,t1,_LL)[,U:I970(1942 J1,~)()..VI~I.;.K~

19

oz 1(1i'

4~1 ~~ --fi l((k.J.!J(#I.JIJ jJ ~.1~1) cfi.J? ../tVYU:~vl t::;-~Lu.,al'-t::;-hl:;J~4-/Vi .....Jv,Lu.,al'-t::;-~U:I975J.J?.

t.tr,.b7LL)Ju:fu~lf"Jj ~k.J.!J(#I.JIJJ':/JA.-Lt1LJ})t(11tVY f _(536 y,JJI~if'l1~1y

L~,JtL?u:fu~,.r£~'-/~k..tJ(#'.)')ulittv,.~ -t::;-c.CJf54.....J~.JflU:'-.J~

090

d~L.J?j.Jj;Jifli£LU: u~ -'-.J,f~)~ U: ~~~V--fiLU:

u: ~~~V ;r&l Suo? }~JJ~lf' ~ci:J(~--fiLu~jLU:-uit::;-.Jf}~JJ fuLt::;-J~Lt/~L~1}~-u:f~Ji ~rLL-'IS"v''T-~JJc..

,,,/' :1 ,,.. .I ,. !J,. """ I :I !-' ;at ..

J ,;q-: ~~~~-: ~~ 4A....>.~ ~.-:. ~ ,.J .!lj~ ·"~I~:L- ~I·"",., J r,.... ~ r. Uj j * ~ j Jo4J ~ '1:"~ ,J ~ j .......... 1,.1-- 1,;1 / ~.JJid~LJf.JJIJ_?.~,U: JJ~IJhh(~JCJ ~.J~I.JJI (!!-_ ( 7:205)

J~JjJ'iJL('viU~L(I~~.JJI~~-JII~..iiiJr.J~-1V-~JIJ1 J;W1~_,..3£~;,j1~)A1Jif~u:f~,j.)l(vi~U:L~Jv'-~u:f

-UJrt::;-.1h1/J'

i'T'1?.f J'J,rJJ:Cfl~(gj.)S'..JnJr.Jf T-~~'-hJ~tY.Luyzij

Lutxlu.J,:.J~~~u:.)jJL.P!f_~cy) ~(gr~J,IS"~L!'~j~ct) -t::;-rfV J~JiiJJ.)j'T-JfJ[J~}' {JJ~v'-0~t~)l( }~JJ

d~LJ.JIJ~j~lfiS"UJ~/.JJitfhJ~I?.IS"('vi~J)J''iJ/;x" ~)~iJ-T-~Jf~~~~tsf~)u:rJtft::;-r.f;ru;L::J.h;~iv' ~'-JIJLJtr.,~ft::;-(/,~?..L~J~-t::;-..P2)--fi~u:u;J)L

21

I.:-'LcC.fu:f~~~r>JV10W!-T-cCJf~-.J/~(V1~-T-z?Jfl~ ,z.2f~:~.u:? #rz·:..r:,""T-r~ulf.lo:-''r.~{~}~;4{~i{J,,.JJ~"~.rz

,~T-~.f ~{~JI~Lrz?..v'

091

Llo;-'C1' VwJuJt~".fr(~1fL-#L'~~~(J,L)t.::IP~ ~~ ~uiZi:-J~I}J.~~iO:~~(JI~~{l;;VL~?.Y~~ (contemporary o~l:" _,rPl,v Jj ( VIJ T-~~kv--fi (.L_Jf~ ~t:-L ~ o~l:"/t,vJ ~ ~~"_,f J ?£~4-L~ J~{~-JfJ?..t'"U:history)

_JJtu:/u~(~U:VIfuf.f ~!vtrJ.l'"K..JU: •• y

(secular records) J~~~~..t~U:~AL~ ~~ f T-~--fi~ ('t:--u:f.JJJi(01~1~~~/.U:Uu./~~JLL;L~#-tiu:/ £L~Le--uiLt-r?Ltt>..JviA~U:LLJ"J?..t'"~LJw"~4-~-"(hJr--fiU: ~-uiLt-~k~).gLf v1u: u-'/../J d~uJ't! -J~LLrJ;.~~JV1L~~~~T-JIJr..''tJ4.P~~~('t:-l31Jf

092

U: V'-T-U:~A L~)J) LJL.v0~~-~~f ~ /0~ --fi t))L.v~u.,3~u;_,)fT-!S?iSL.f • .::df~?-~jL"JY.~J~v~" 0~((~;~ --fi~-u:/~? Ji u:LJ:JL.v~d'~--.fi--.fi('t:--T-~' ~-'''f-~ltJ:Jl..v~d'~--{if ujLJ ..::.r.~~~~NJI-.J)J/'J-f-

-f-J?.Y~NJ'V~ L01 LP-T-~-..,;~/vt).1(Y-J~~~~.,,~,u:~Y,Lv)v'

22

U:J...LvU"IfT-~~((./I,JfJ?.YU:(..)~N~)~~JkJ~-..flif.U:J...Lv

~~;.;..:;.r.~(..)}JJ U:.1YI (ll4.1-T- ..::./.JJ if.~~J.JJIT- ..::./.JJ if-~~ -'1-- (;J

-L~V ..::.r.~~~.f'-fiJ.JJI~I.f -..(lh,,~\r~J.JI}..::./.JJ.f(..)}.!j Jy.)~~I)()Jrt-.fu:/~~U:fkL)d.....Y.._?I~d./~?>?..ul

d'-L~,;~H-L~~U:! ~lt-JtJ}-..(IJ/f,fuLLhJLC>I U: jL.-i~~jlLJ:~,.fJJJ{L~~u: d'u)i J.ff,,T-J~JI~,J' ~ :.i -: tS' ;r 4f~ "J$1::~ ~~ ~ L/ d tu1 f-< Jl1 J , , ~~ d ~ k)L-

.T u -" , . , * i I J '* ~, ,Y" J • u . , ...-.... -:;: ,.. (I ....... -; ... ~ tJ :; ,... .... ,..

' _j -: l5' l.GI..l>-1 J u.. I! , .1>1 ,, , lA.J .li.U .tiJI.Wl' * • ' _j , WI -: l5' 1.1>1,

t:::.-(~LJ)~~?.~T-J'I//..~Juli(;)lu!uo?T-.:-~t--~~~~ ~_,_l3.J.Lv(~lifJI?.J~~1u:~P'(JJL~U:1977 _L,;~ ... Ju:~P' . ~

_({rJ/f~t:::.-tJftP!Jt.-_,Jfi)_,IJJrifiJu!U"J~~ft:::.-tJft ,:,Wlr~ ._O_;._Jr~~J~I;Yu:!/(...;!Lr~IJJJJ~~f J!-?-'JU"I fu£T-cCJfJitiJJ1(;)1J~~{Jlll_,t,~IL(;)IUJrlt¥i{J~J'-)

~J~~{JI~tfi~_,_(.)il_Jf._OJ" ~1(~.....0LI.,d.....Jr~~)U"1 ?~A-'Jt:::.- tJft ti ($1 (.)i LJf Ot:::.- tJft Lt-~_,_.f) ~~( ~ Jf' ,f.

-T-cCrt£Jt:::.-..:.-J if.U: ui~ ~ll(Jl/IL_,arL(' U"L(.)iLrJr 094

..:.-~JL~IJU_,J,:?d.._~fT-LJL(l873-1944)J/ ~0J t:::.- ..::.-~ tJ J If(;) I 'T- fr J J\~ t:::.- j t.-1 J d-JJ I (.)i J?{ (;)}JJJ I J ~I?. f' f' 4-T-frJJ~Jd-JJI(.)i (/;,P t:::.-~~i.JJIJ; 'J)?.kJJ J1

=V'kJffA{t:::.-~ Galileo, as is well known, distinguished the primary qualities of things, dimensions and weight, which are easily measurable, from their secondary qualities, form, colour, odour, which cannot be measured. The quantitative was separated from the qualitative. The quantitative, expressed in mathematical language, brought science to humanity. The qualitative was neglected. (Man, the Unknown, New York, 1939, p. 278)

095

U~ .J4 ~~~l~J ~~~f'i-- ~ ~1 ~ J ..:.-kA.4JI ~JY u! (;)1} (')Jit:::.-JJ?~k~f'(;)ir-1L(')-'I:T-~J..l~(~1u-1_(51 :47) ~~_,.J

24

-u!LI,L~Y!

(&h~LUyJI?-~~,~~~?t(LI,L~U,:/.{~y(_i :'T-lf" U,:.J;WILlj~ ,.r..J

./ .. ~,.t

-f~li L..::w !A'-'

-'f-.1-'w~.f('.J-'1

-u! ..:..-.J).ili~('.J-'1

-u!LI,~.J..:..-Y-'UUJ:.J-'1 -u!2£.J..:..-.J_i{~I('.J-'I

-u!L1,..:..-1~u J:~('.1-'1

-~_}J-u!..:..-.J_i~l,.gu('.J-'1

LhJL-if('"='T-~,.r..J~fuL'T-tJI5,.r..J~~.JPI~if~ -'LGLI,L~(''l'LGLI,

-..(1..:..-~(f(;'.:-(P.A~.fuJiU.:LLJ(_if 'T-~~_,{J)~IL,.r..J

-~~.:-.f~I~J_,.A~J'(ji)L'T-(expanding universe)..:,..~(JJfj::f

if.Jf -..(IJ.f U.:~J!J.JL .• f ~f J}Pt{..:..-1,~~~~.( ~L~1}f (')&h~LJfl....J ~(;.JJ'~~~L~1f 'T-~-'~-(;'~~uf.f ~~

-kLJ"'="~I(Jigj£(u!L1,L~

(J(( ~I ((;~1} f u! L.f ~If~?. u! 11} / L ~)~IU,: ~1} _c:CJf~Jit~L...f ~(J1'l.dl~l) fVI,~.J(:)" jJ-'.A!''T-

096

jl_t£).f(-1.l~~L~1}LU.:ve~L47~1{..:..-k.JL.t.lli.JY

25

u: V'~J.Uz-.L( '-fi-UJi"b?J Ji~~v,u:r. ~T-VJ..JL£.,L.uJi -T-~' (~:?£J/

J..l" if~; "-'f T- rP. cf> LC 1750-1818) ~~ cl...J' ~./ "~ ~'-U~'\(.f./.m_,z.~.J;l~IIL~IfL)u:f.J;IJtf(VI"-'fJ_ujL) .. . ~~J1Zu:'"-'JI~~_,JJ..l" VIJ T-~ J:ui ~Ji£{J..l"L VJ..JY.(~i/1./.ftL.~~cl_..JI~.J/1~-u!Jf~~:?'-fiJY.~u:!Ltr

:T-~U:.J;WIL~'"-'T'UL,.,LhJ~~~('~_,,L..:.-JJSL.-JVIL('kl;;J~k-'t_,l"

( 623-24..::.-LY~JJJ~

r(-..,;~Lu{JjP.Ll947_u!~J_~rf..~)u:~~J~~~J-V'-~ LJf Zi:--Jb/1/( l972tj?.)tj~ .... ~L-T-UhlJ~(t(tjlt.}: U)IJL.f

:Vt.:)~v)ui,..,JIJ._fityld.....U~

1.~111 { u:!.f ( JJ_L. T--'Jr( J: u,ll t L J) (' J:,...~ L 1947 UJJikL('-L'-.~Lt.:)~~~la({~('LU~ILI(J:t];.:'(_t;~ ~Jij,(?f'{L~L~~j~LJf('..t.~~j-u!L'-A~JhJ~.~~ ~LU~Lu!~I}~JhJ~Io!:;v""fu!.:r---'.f?h.l..t.l('tf'L('-J' t.f--fi~h)~I?.L('-L'-A~;;ju:!.f('--'WJ:_~~U)t.:)lla({J:

-'~{?f'{L~L~U)t.:)L4J:A: LbJ{U"'-~ !:yl ?!'"-!,; o::Jf~ ~I?. --fi ( J: t];.:'(pJ L ~-'{-'J' J?.I.IK

_ '~J.~~?f'Ltl{-..:r--J:JJ?~Lt~~~~T-(( ~u.R { ~;~ju:J~I?.L("' ulf'ur·t~-~~?.-~ ~~?.~!

-u!JIJtJl . 098

~~~~ l)}JJ-LJf~JJtjJ._fiJ: JJ~~~-T-,..,JIJ~ /--fl ~~? _..j,....fift;Jjt::-1-.J/_Lf --fit?.~t·{uijJ_L.J:...t~~}L

-PLL~)'" _..l,I/JJ-'JI~IJf~

'-/'J-'JI~t;~V ~~~s;~l.!:;_/j~~JIJf.L.-1~1.?.!' ~--fi '-/'J-'JILJ:~--fi~L~--fi-Lui~~{(J-'Jif~~f'~

-U:~'-/'J~L~ Lu~~f~,;~,_.p~(u?.uijJ_IJf....(JJ: u?.uij)~J!Pilt./:

27

_/' ,.,J,'-fiJ/£JicLJf' ,.,J,~f/£_tJJ.::.-!Jf'uj/~J'LJ)(j

rJi.J'U:urlruijJU:i1-ufu:./..;PJr.{L.d..~/'LJ)rJiJJP!Lu1 _JjJ.,~P(J.\I"'Ih~li.J''-1- ~v;LJi"LJ~~f'

tJ/-~~~4-l1Ji"u'41JJ)J/u: ~P!L d)u: u?.uij) f'uJfiJft.JJ2f./ui'~~?h~('"JJ1~dVtJ/--L1~1u:u/1

-'L!.4~Ph-~~jf t.JJL./ ~?.Lt::-J~~? 099

( if'.:r-~I( ~c:( ...{~{ UJJJYt.hli.l~ tJJy L. uJiL J JJ..-1 ~l.?. .:.

U: ~c:( ul-t../J J~~~~~I>.~/Lui-'UIJ~(._flif' ...{l'~(t

-T-JJ(.::.-!1U.~~.ti~~JtJJJJYlfJJ1i.ltJJy

uJC1'{~1c~~t1Jy"l{'U:.::.-11U.~IL~.tl~~f.:r-~k!;.U:u1

41. ._{I U/-~~ t j)y -T-J ~ AF .:;...(. J t:/..J L. ~1 J,j_t..IJ tJY.: L. u: ~diL~LL../t~U:~k--~~~,r~lf'J.!tJJ:~~r_T....fi~--'ILJ('frJJi"~(rU:?.Lif}ul-~(r!:d((u)'Jf'~J}

JJl¢.' L U: J'J.i.t:-f(Ji"llz. Y.: U: .::.-I~~~L.~Lu:../(11 J'J.i.t J JJ..-1~1--'~

JJhJU: ~rJIJ~{~;L:-~/ J~~~?.Lu1-.:r-V ~ (2....../(~rU:~{

.::.-~lli!~~,r~j~uj)l;..lt:J..fi.U:J'J.i.tulfrJJi"~(rU:-.:r-tJ)./~~~j~ ,.)bLIJLJi"i~~~JJ.i.tulf v£ fLllz>Y.:~)U"I(P~Jif~?-~JL '-/-(t(~1?.Lutt./JJJ.i.tui_J~ ~j(#J(JJ...IU:fi~) I~ ((( (./IJJi" -..11 ~ ~ L ~k--~1f (Ji",:.IPfl:- V-.:r-11 u: 1:1' j

JJ.i.tJrJJJJd~:-U:-.:r-((~1(~1J.UvLrJ~~lfiJ~1r.cv!vil

28

~Lv,~JJ{~~.,,~"-''T-V ~J;;Jt.c;IY.(=;-'-'J-'hJL('?..L &i~.f'T'1-'-''-(Jf_;~I(J_?JfJ.~Ja..L~~~_,-Pttl.f'T'1..,~~..:.;1J(llJ1_,~

L p• , r. ;i 1"':) " ~' .. 1.t:;;,..l' (' • 1"' 'L"J U'U'-'-'( ~' v- ~, -D L(:. kJ'-J.JI) 6 ~ JA-~ L) ~ .. ! . .-J'

(100,Y,1981

~ L)Jli ~v'L JJ_,J_,.Jmi.' tv_,. f T- lfk~;. u: "':"cr U: t)!.Jilt.fi,.J}Y._~J! J_;..J ( ~1,-tJJht.:zVI {(;,IIU: (j!;l"L,.,_~JhlOI -: .. . .. .. .,. .... ~((~,fum~-u!Lu:fr(r(J/L~.~.fti(;}f,UJr(involve)}l}l u)J.~{.f' T'1~1 "-'-'-''' L~ ~ i;JI~L:Hfu~.f'u~J"Lt, i;Jl...ilf '7--

-'-J~U:((L_,/~k--

100

Lr.:J..k";_,.~.;;L'--''J'd'.J.....fiU:v'-'JfJ_,-PyJw.....(l~JIJ :T-i;Jt;f((;J~ '-''-T-U:'--'~Lj~L'--'IJ'i;J~-if~(}J{~--0

L(iJ..-1(~Pit4

(;}~ f T-t"Jf(P"l.::I-T-Lf.!~U:/kh-'T-i;J~Y.f.:..Li;JIY(./1 -u!~JJJ/U:j,;"~J;.~IJI[)~.~;WI_;I~~(llL~L.~~

(.)"IU: .JJ._,?J_;t J)r.~ L -=--~-' J_;tfk1 Jk>~J £)_,((;}~ '-'' "-'L,_,.:::.....~? '-_;t-LuJfL,_,.:::.....~L~'-fl"-''L~ '-~L('

N?.-'"'fd'.J '-''~ L L~r~ ~) '-'''-_;tr. ,~y_ L1)Li? '-for. ,u! _uf rJf( ~"JkJ~~?..L

~-=--~vi-.J/~JJA .. Lf_;C-T--'Lf'-'i;J~I(r.:J..J~LJI((~ k~JuiWILc;JJ" ~~~JJfJVJ{-iJ..-~-L(:.{i;J~J,y_{Jif T-

29

J-'"V'"-fi~?.P!"-fi-Lf0~Ji~~)Jl;.JJiLIJ2.....1f'uJi-Lf ~~,,u:.f~_;-u;:"vC/J~ ~?..JJLu!!~f-"-fiUJUJi(J/?.L

_._U,~',.JU_.d.JJIT-._d'~''-".(~,_uf'~Jf' y.t

101

.:r-b=L~J/ ~L~-T-c.Cfla( ~~~j£~jf'V'-T-0Ja! T-JfUJ~JdJ~~vCU~J_p-JVI-T-ff~hlf.d'~L;:"IJ"~f d-~4 2..... u,J, ,tl_ ~~.~~, J:lr~r. c~ 52-::.-~J)J.~~, 1..:"-t'i.' -=--_?> f ~LC~37

102

JL.-13 ~;P~J U~-'-VJ(;11( ~JJ Ltl J;,.{d...... (J~J1 ~ .J11 Jr.~ ~.~JLL.f J~.f T'11).,f ....fu~-S'~lrdS' T'1Lui,.,f_T-.~

lfk!;.u!UL().ll~b..trU:d1}J;d......LJu.f1L..t_,JJ~.,()1~-Lrt I:)L-V~?.LL.If.fd,Luy;,_t:,yt~L~.tJwL~.tf l:)l..tJI'V~~u:./.fl:)ld......().,.?.l:"U~-kJJI]J; u:./ L..cl.fl:)l)(rL{(~ ~~~frf~-~u!l.~(jJ'J;-J,?.LdiU~-'-kJ~~.f(rL.f

-Vrt~_.yu: ~ J.A.JfAY;L..L(Ll--l#flP?~J..t~II(~~U'It.ll~..trU'IJ;.f1L..t_,JJ ~~lfl;JI]J;.~(;L~~.f'T'1d......u)I_,,.(Jirtif;~~-(L1J;,J,Lvifr~ L til~--"~,.(/..~" J'tji._LLrt ~~ ()IJ..t,JL ,_1 u:~.A. ~.,()I~ . .,. ... "'

_J~o.~t:-(JJ(Ll--'LT'ru~.,.~.,, u!-T-VI_,d_1 J;Jt.v£ ~l.;:l t.f;L..'-_;tkff 'f-l:"rt(P.l-::1 Lu-,_lPf~,_,~-Jdt;-.,~~uJ/LJLl--,~Lz....f 1962~ 1956

-~..t~l_,~pP(.,l.PJI~_,,.c)(Ll--l~bA~~Jf....f1966~ 1963~

I:)IJI..cl,:,iJL.v)'l_d-Lrt('/.~U.,~u_;tJil)_,fJ1J;~.~~-::~Ui.,J

.,~~~Lu-LJ1U:Jft~~~ui.,J~~-!frt~IJ/.J.~;t?.L -~..t~,.,~~~..t~I~JJJ..t~L~~~..t-'''k1 JJJ; 1967 u!{~JJJ' d......uyj,J;1974) ....fu~-Lrti~~~LC>I~LuiL...A?J'k.'t.fU~

-kJ.fJ,.f~

"'="'~~~~..~.,,l!(UZ)II(d......!,/J;__Iu;J/LJJ~d......J~j,~LU'I

31

103

-=-'y(~.:d(~-'~1)-'-f-~~.!:.d(J~(cl:..ct;tLLLJI)J?.Y ~..IJ}?t.:J)wJI t.:JI}I J~u!1952£t-_J!'((t ~.::.d(d'l.-L ~'-'-'' ,g_ J_,.~~I)~.;:::.._~./J11'l.-LC1918-197o)~/b1'--VJt.z.~.,,(19o1-1984)

LuyJ,PLLv'~-LJf-=--1--"('-')u.~{u:L./J_,7_f(1920-1965) t.:JIV-=--t' JJ?t.:J~~ L)JJ;.I..::.J>Lz_LJf((t ~~ l)_,;~~u: Jfd,L~ ~If u: L./f ~-" J(1928-1979)?! J.~WJI.,j./_,1(1907-1974)

-~I)~,£Jf.:--=-"y~_,JLiu!t.:JI~LJfd,J)I)_,-?.f_~.~-=-'y( ?.LL ~ .;:::,._.Jtd ,.f ?f.~_, '-=--t I k J_,./ ~I)~-?.~ ~. .. fiJ" f.-~-?-' J U"l ....(}11'l.-L U"l/(;.f~$....;J~r(ll-'-'' J!J{I U-'{ _~;-Jfu:fJJ,(II)_, lf- t:),

f f-..:>-' ut-f- J~:>JbY. IIJ" ~u, JJJi U: f ....JLlVL ~-"-JJ LrJf .JI~I~IJfu!JJ)~-?.P!LU"Lf--'-=-"Y(u!f~$~1cl:..Ct;'---'la .;:::.._ ~J lf~l u!IU: f U/-'J U"I-L lfl)-' ~_, U"1lL1?.L 2....../(t;

_£Jf.:--=-'y(u!U"II)-'?.U"Itf(~~}lfJt.:JifiJ~-l¢tJf-=-'y( Sf U"'-f- ..::.d~ J~,.p ~I)_, 'f- JJf~~..::.d~?. u: f ~-"&' 1.~}U:( ~-"~'-((~_,J.f_G,f-J-'~~ ~-u:i~J.f .;:::.._(JJ;-1(( 4-~LU"I-JJLJ.,J....J)JU"I.;:::.._l)'~J)?.U"''f-JrJf~~..::.d~

32

i:J'-+:"V"'-T--'lf'J;tri:JI-+:"(v'?..v'-JJiu:fJ"'~-::.d;hJ,!J:f~J: -~Ju:f'JlJ'JJi J:

104

~{ Ji.- J: JL .. )I f J ~l(ft ~ d._ U~ _JJf ~11JJ..::::.... ~~ --fi ~~tt;J:J~)Id.....Uy)l_4j:.JJe.-Jvlfl{'LJ:-T--I:-Jf(self-praise)

fl('LJ:-T--~0L!'(~~{i:J~-'i:JVLJ~)IJ:u?!(JJ(v--fi l('LJ:_tf 0--a.{;-~,fl('LuyJ'-T--V ~(~{Ji.-f 4-k~0

_IJi4tf0~.}"~1~AT--M(~~fiJ~-'''i-hJJI?(vu?d.....'i"t( ~~'.J'L/fl(' LJiLhJ.t(~v~L/'T'LuyJ,J:Jftr, r~LJ:?..v'T--I:-~Ji~.J~JhJ.::::....3~~;:;fli'JLJ:fl3rhiJ:~ ~~.Jia~l_iJjJ)~.f.::::.....b~l~l(,j}l*'t;L,~-'-hJJLI?Lu.t:~l

-'i-{f;}..JI~J~J,_,d.._~Jll..cli)'4.J_,I,'T-~Ji(.::::....~~.J.:-~L .J-'' ''i-£~_,.) ( U"l J: J...Lv--fi-'7- -d. l..:( if.tJ/(f~.trd..... J: ~lfJ: J...~.vL Lf ~.Ji ~ 'T' ~_, -1/-'J£~_,.) ( v' J: J...~.v~/-'J J~J,J;;:~.Jfl_J'~~I(J:J...~.vLL)~.Jhw''T'f'T-.J~~~ 'T'J;;:li_,fiJJ'T-.JJ~.f~L->4--i~.JjLJ;WI'T-'4-Ld.....hft{ ~~~-'-iJJ LJid......J~~~_,,_b!;1--?.JJNJ:J...LvLL) ~.Ji -.:;L~

_ _j!~rhWI'TI.J-'1'()1L.J~.J J/.~rJ~

105

:I.JJ:~I?.Lv--fiLC.Ibf~,~~i)xi.Jii!)iiJ U"l?.''i-c;rJ:}.:?U"I~Y-JJili(1.::::....~1J~-LL~.JL27 .$.JYv('i"1

33

kJ~~~y-f T-..:>-'~-T-V~LU.,/JJ.Y.U:J-? Vlh.~T-V~~~L ~L)If,_T-1;,:1./JPU:(;JJ~.,J~I~_,JUYi,;,tl.t'"L~jjJi_t-Jfu:f(-'/

-T-I;,:I~J_,tylfi~~_,JU:.JJI~~JVI

I:"Yil~ J1y '(J_,/~e:.I_,L VI?. VI-T-J?.-' Ji( ....(l)j~y}JJT-.J'-Ju:fL.r.{kiJ-;viT'1~!3LT'L'(()'.J(4.-~.J-'I~TJu:f~41JiU:uiWiiT'L~).f!_ii'(~{U-'.Jt-Jy-~LJ)T'1 -4i:-JJf:.;_,)Jf/t::-UPjLI~T'1Ju:.)~~){~~JT'1?.~JJT-.J

('l:yiU: 1....~;.-L~~;-.JT'1 }JJT-.)Ju:fli('~IJ T'1JiU: U.!J~1 jl)l _£./Jwt:K ...

106

~-T-~~rt'(u?T-~cr ....fiJC1903-1979)uJ.,JYJm.r.ltV.t'"

....(IL~cr'V1-l3V'VtL!U:1939AJt?.~T-~,I.'(~~L-J~yU'.J?.-L.4Ji....(IC 1882-1940)~ J.JV_'~'(~ J.Jv·~~lr(~~

VIU: ~~~.)IJ. -kJ ~.J~I J!}'( u: JJ_, j.t til'f J 2..... UyJIU: 1938 i~~VIAJtLU:~-JJLt-t.JL)~_;u:_,).JI~a(L~.J~I

-t~fl3V'k~;.U: VlfuLJJf~JU'J:t::..-4£ v1L ~ JA~llP>J; L./ LYtv~_,f ~f iuiiY- JJ ~t~l ~u.JL # J(u..-1 u: T'.1.t

-U:.JU~IJ~~IVI.J-'1~~ fT'.J.t _(.)_,P'J;LJ LYtvU: ~VJ4JiLYIJ 4£ Vlf~fLU:{~J ~) Qcr' L JJ_, j.tf.V Jwi VI U: u/..AV JJ_, j.t JU~n-'1 V'.0f JU:,(~ -LLu:fJ{u~_,fLrJU~-'-tL!fV' U:(-'.J~/U:JD~-l3,;,J?..t'" ,...Jzi~U:~j

34

J(1r•

cT-~~.,}'~ ~JJ-'"Lio:t1~_,_u:f(central aspect)J}(vlk~I(J-'" -T-J-'"(1.:;'1 ~ _,)j h.

108

~-'lcT~J~~jV~{~Ltt.,JI_,f T-1:-.tr{~ vi-.J/b=L,:,J"~I-'~

~/~;kr~~~dd"'v!l917 v:(.)J~-Lr.tr~.,)~~J(JJ~~~_,JJJ1 (Clydefozt(.~J,:,i..f/I~"'~Ji(vlf-V u:tr.-iviJ'JL.-JYL. ~v'-LJJL.-Jy(.)!LJr--L~.t~_,yj~/lfT-!JIL.sanger) L ~~~-'~'-JI~~ J-..,.;~L J(J ~7"~~~)L (II(.)J~~_,fu. ~_,_.~i J~~

:£/1 ~J{J17J/ It took the United States 16 years to recognize the Soviet Union. This helped Stalin stimulate xenophobia among his people, and build an iron curtain around them.

~~?.i'ri~_,;J,r~~J~~{~JvcfifT-IJ'~L.k.rlf _£f;Jiu~{{-'1Lvl~_,fL .. ~:-h'7~(vli ~ci:ft.~~v:uJi

-u_,;;~~l..dlv!f(u_,)u:f~v:-T-~~((~~(Jzlf .b}('I~~J'~~(v!J(J~J?.Y f T-~:-~~-:-/.~_,~__,JUz-.(tc;u~{ufi('l:-

r- •• c'-.JJ~I~I-'~~-'hr~~?~~~~'T--1~-T--..)~1(~1-'~

•• • .::.:;?\t7?.~_,I_(Jr~o.o~L.--( (.)! L!J ~J?.Y~-' c-.J~L vi L Jf (jly L vi~-' ~I? ... . .. .. .. t](.,~~_,~_,lcT-1:-li;t.tri!I~./.;&'-J.~JkJ~vlivl.tr,:,ifi~{-..J~IL~I_,

_£~,:,.fJ?JrLt 1

109

/~u~f,;~;t~(ur.fu~1 •• L,P'J"'(Dr. John Donne)~J~b~l';

36

-T--U: 0~ .JJv'-Jlf-=--~~Jvlu! 1631 .~~HJft~u! 1s12 ~~-'7-(MetaphysicaiJf~Jvt""!L.f u-?''7-~l::·u~(J.t~u~Ji ~~-T--rr0~.t~Ji;.t(}0l:!·Ul5'10]0(:.-T--rrlf' school of poetry)

:'7-_?' ~(vLl3L.)Jf (~~.:-ll~ Done is Undone

~~~ftnJ(Done is Undone ~.~p1JJ""('r-!fJfJ~..t.0S~ U.:~,!flf~~f ui ;;(('.f;& L.F~U: uP'-fiJ-IJr~~~Jr?.f T--cCrkl

-T--I~(undone)~J./~J"':-'1

if.lr(~L0'-T--J1JJ~v)u.~{-:.-~~{Ui~LL.LJ~J?.J'" LLJ~J?.J'"-__;:.J(A.}JJ.L.-Iu!UiVJI}I(;)Jft-_LJiLJf'-~~J.f~J

}__,r( ~.I~ I_ '7-.J'-~ (..)! UJ'"( J ~ .1~ I lS'~~J.11'-Y. '-Y. Jflf~ f.Lt (..)! ~)1__;:/(ol.Jii ~"':"'C( J ~N ft--V(((__;:/2..... uJ?L~.~J.Jr;~~ .~~~'i~J(('u.~~?.J'U:__;:.Jv'-T--IJft~u:u~..Jr.~lf~r~LCAI-Hadis)

-'7-poor -:.-;l(0VJv~-T--!f1JI;;01~1}.fviL./J~[i/ ui~-'7-cC./JlJr!/ ~~ ~ h.~.f viUIJu~Jil(IJ.f JJ .. /niJ~I../_rlf.JLc(:.~J1Jbli((~JL../J((vi~UIJJ~Ji61L

"'~~JuA.--~12..... J..t.~~~ ''7-.~L..fu.t~J~~..~ f_t]J{10vu~Ji -uJ.ft~U: U.Y"~

110

(((l?Y.L(LWI~vi-=--~-V(((~(L(LWI~(J1-:.-~

u:.JJI-:.-~- (21 :80,f'!i VI )L.L.~;;~.~J~4~~~( LWI~JJ IJ-:.-~-V

37

Vr(( 2....1~ vk.f. 2.... rLL)'~~,.~~ -Vr((? 1;/L.. rLL)'~ T--W((~,j~J~;4,--flif.L..~~1J,~1J,J,.)_(28:27-28,~)

_(2149 _/...!-;N'.-?~~Iif)

V~k'ILUJ~(ll-T--~)()J,L.-I~tJr(~4~~1f T--~~ LYILJJ' u?;& s~ jf:-,'7--;& S~_tt!fuJJJ~ILJ((~4~-'T

'~~~~Jt~.:,l~1~,1Jbli1.1>l$1b:T--k1v!..!-;N-L~)JJ1 _(2072/...!-;N'UA~-!,t()~~~~Jf~.stS',r~I~SjiS;ill&tSl5 1JIJJLT--l:"li'~JfL4~~~?.~~1)1tJIYI/f.?.,kll'u:ftli'L~~ St=T--k1(.}!..!-;NJJI-..(I_L.LJkli'~JfL4~~1(LL)I~JJI)J.L

L.~.?1J,~_(1o72/...!-;N'"n~w,"':"'~,~)w~l~j.JI~illl -'7--l:"J~f'LIJL!fuJjj?-) j

J'J,j;,j)LuiLJ-.... )j'.::.J}'j)if?f'L..J((~4~fT--~~

-l3l:"fV ~J.J~f'tJI(.}!JjJJt~IL(J,L.-'-'7-JIJI~

111

111~ -ui 1;~J1L.C 41:9) Ja j~1 j!J.J-..(1 V:'-AL~;v: ~1} ~t{*~jJa]~lj=ujJ;IPJI~(.}!~tJI_.t.UfiJ-VCcreate)J'Pf' ~;2.... tV(.)!J?.JJ ~JJy~~1Jk_kJ~?..LJ.P2....tJIJ ~JJJI~_(55:10) (tlf'tJ'-~{(~ii.JBLtJIJ' ~JLt.4Vf T--~~(~1 UfiJ-'7--

-l~J.Uz...~L.Cl?I~L.>u j) .. .. .. J' ~ -:JJL~}JJY-T--"':"'C( Jl~~1}f 'T-~Y.(~~tJ1~1~ J~Jiv"':"""'~Jl(=IL~I~puj?.,'T-~;J/v!~b:YuA ... fl3..:-(?

38

(fl~~}tfllYI~I(~l..?~J?.YJi(diameter)~l..?J~;_'T-J ~J?.YJi~l..?J~;_uf,:._,.I{~J..:.-t(_.LU'I.;JI~WifJ' LrYI( ~t_A~{~;fJ'Lr.IIJJ:~I~~}JU"IlLrYttJ~l..? "-')J J..t. ~J J LrYI!;(; I(~~ ~J?.Y Jj~~ I( ~}.;JI ~.JY "-')LS'LLrYI uf S ~.~y~;; LrYtf.;Ji! Le..)r~~l( ~;.~j,~.JY Ji.~J'-LrYI,;.;;ar

-L~?-~ ~L~?.Y{~Jt:......fiJ~T--j~{~;_'T-1('-·h/&JfiJJl,v~

-~~~,JrJ~~~IU:..::.-1!vUJ1Y"-')U'I?.'T-~{ ~YIU:-t~.iLJJ/(1(..::.-]"JJYJ~IU'IJ~J?..L~I..::.-J?Jj Jt....J~.I/JzJU:~i}U:..::.-11v~LlP?C!r_:.£U:t:......AU'I~WI~~U''-T-

-'T-(1fJt~~f '7-1;-~(t;tYtl(~iu-1~

112

~U: ~~u! Ji..::.-hiJ.J?. U:t:.......~~LJj;;Lo'" ..:.-_?>U:LLJJJi

u9j~1 ~ ~~=u! .J;WI~ u: ~~j.~--fl J;JIJI.' r_e. -u! Lr L~ ..::.-~JP>' (,J!.;Jl,..40U: ~J 6'" ..::,-_}>_( 4324_/.~N'JJIJI.I if)Jj54p )1:.~./1 ~jl,l.':'.~.t.~&.a.ru!Li.J;~JI~U:~IJ.J.JJ1--fi-~..::.-~JJ~1_A-L ~!A'-Lu!.~Jt...45U:~J~j.JJI~_(39Y,2k,o.~CJIJ~)..:.,~p,L

-~..::.-~Js Jt.cl--fi~-J)J?h,,T--J)~~f.T--J)U:U?..IJ.;UJJJ)Z'~ JIJJL.-40)'7-~,_alJU"IL~N~~-T--1:-rh~U:~VJZ'?.'T-(J( ~Nr;jl)(~~U:UiVJfiJ.JJIU:~VJ..t-'7-lfhJJJ.k>JNI({JIU:~IJ.J

39

Ot 1(1i'

~,.:.LJ~f 4-.tJI_u:f(tJtJg/',;,LJ~J?.Y{LL;J#:l('d.....U: ( ~11-'.J L)JJ..-1 u: LLJ ~J?.Y /.l¢\)'.J~/.1/. J)-'( ~11-'.J L)JJ..-IJ ~ '~ U:LLJL..JJ1Jr.J?.'~~1~~.J-'/(j-'~A-'Jio:-'1-~~ .. : .. )_,~.(J)-' O::.tr~ j!Pi(d}~(j~LtJI,JU:J;j/(~~11-'.JUJJ...-I~A-'Ju:'l.:-'1-if LuJ::I.:"'VU:LLJ~J?.Y.J-'I'~r.tr~t{.J-'1L~11-'.J~di~fu£~

-~u:/J?.Y.J_,;(~11-'.J4-.Ldi~

114

~ (;(. J.l Jr.1J.L?-' fl('d.....(a>118~~,)~JC1-~ (I.?J(pjV~ ~?.1 L!.JJlP>~I.ff1J'r6_,1,~Jt;......;}J.:.fP~~?.Jf1L)d.....(a>30~~,) ~,,.,,.,...S··~V .;JI(. ui,IJ"Z j.f "i"r ~~u4.r.,J~'-~r~~t~.fvi?.L~.J..JL.P"-)['~~J)1 "-..t..f "i"1~~~,f ~(;v?.Lvl'~~f~~ ..JL.P.f ~~'~ u:/JLu! ~~B.f ~J:.~~,~LL.tr~)U: J~1"-/.-L~~J~1 • • y

_o::~

41

115

Jkl ~ LtJ~1.~~ .11 t; LU~'-JJf.:.!;U..:::.... -?~~L)~t~ ud(JJ.,.IJ}~~J.~IL.(fl({.:::....ti~nL.u~'-T-VJ}.(JJ.,.IL LtJ!tLtfl(L.u~,-~~Ltl:fluft;~~.A?L.ti-0~' ~jT-r1~L.:.JVJ(;)Ifo.(;)lJ...-".Y.f~rf)Lt-T-~ ~U~J-UJfl::.r..t eiJj~..tJ~~L~....ft~iVLT-i;i.r!f..tJI'f-t:a>~Jll_A..tJI'f-i;J?J L.~Ru~jf~ci)Ltl~r!rLt ~Lt UJ..tR,~Lv'-u:I.:..~J?J

_c:C .f u:i~.r{JfJJft!?.~~t-~u j(~ ~J-'f-l::.r\rt~!fk{..t;.J_;;(;)l..JI_T-(''··=d(fT-u~Jl.-filt-:-.:.~~ lfJfJtv~.:::....~JJJ~Lt~';,'-fiJf.T-t:.r\r~JJ,;LrL,ki~r~, lk~J ft'L (clergy) J:/f T-1;~ ~j U~J lT-r!rLt ~~..tJI..tR~ ()J1f T-JJZ{~~~IiV1v)V1-c:CJ.:.JVJik~Jft'LV1,;,..tJI'c:CgJu:f....f lfk~l..t~l/. ()J'[trLt (JJ.,.'- u:/Jtv.:...tyP~ Lt (JJ.,.I_JJfu:f ~tv~LS..t{

-T-c:e .f.:.JvJik~,..~~,/.~J-T-c:e..~~ ~J.Y.f-T-.:::....LLJ~J.Y.Y~(u?,T-JJJ.~;if..:.~..tJI~Lt~VI ~1/.L'-fiJi~1~1(.$J~LtLLJ~J.Y.Y-T-,;,LJ(~.~.,f:;jiU'JIJ1,;,LJ

~-Jf{JI.:::....(;)Ifl.Jif T-J1u:/ ~.:.~~iu.Ji.:::....~JJ &!rjLJV'-T-Jir J~ Lt (JJ.,.I J / &1.:.-~ ~ -J.! ?\r l:fJ if. j J:_hJ J,!J' J.! Jj { (li-- u? _if.J.Uz-.L~~L..::JJ..tJI'T-rl.rJfif.J.Uz-.L.:.-_;;jw,(JJ.,.Iv)V'-T-

116

~-~--fJLt Vlif-Lt-if ~~Lt ')~1~~J!J-iJ JJ.,.I

42

J:~?~-kiJ-.J.~~I("--'IJIL~L.:>J-.JL.:o_,l)iiJ/JIJL~,f~IJ: V 'i"1!'~1'u!T--'Jri(I(~~-'JVI?.U~L'i"1fVJiyL~L.:o._fl~ ~-'f'll-'f'Ur.:"J1'TI('fkJI.:-'I?.L~l..:>J-.JL.:o_,lj11J_u!zrJ~b)J1' ('V~(J"~.~U:~'V-If'~l('_r:,~-u!.~~~-.J)Ju&t?.'u!Zi:-J

-u!LJ

-T-attraction....fi~~LJVILU~k~fl(L.LI_,L.;Jiy

distraction~"--'la~.,fu~fkJI.:-'1?. LJ'Z' L1Y L~L.:>J-.JL.:o_,I}JIJ LL.J.f{i tJIA~_,,u! ?.f ~{~(J"~.~~/....fl~r.f ~tJ~-T-~-'d.

-T-I:"~t(:.~.~f' u;"~LL.I)J~,r;(J"~.~~~'-L-"'tJ.:i;~~ t ~L~J(LI.,L.Jri(U: tJ'-T-~-'IJit if~~.~IJI:-ISJ~1~ -u! L~:> L~ "-.P.'Lt,)tJI~~.~)LuY0~_,~~~.~~)~;)r._,~LtJ'-u! kJ"-J(tl(~f'tJ11.~}lU-"'~~-'JLU~~-'-'IU.h),~Ji"-.P.'LftJI

_Lu:f V U:"-AL~~.~£L~.:;..'-T-t-lr -u!"-.P.'L(interest)~/1"-.P.'(llU: ~J~J?.Y' f T-:-~ L~ J:~vSfJfiJ~J£_,1T-~.~.rJ~~~vsr ....fi~JJ;r~

-T-t-rlf'~ )Jf'J ~T-li'-'~-'-'-'I'T-~ ._fluf'l(~~.~pl l(ui!J,o~J?.Y'f-T-J~~fo?J-'-'?~~~LJ.~I(U:~JtJI f'T---?-'~-LJ(Irv;i'LI.J~)I.A:I,:,I~~J:J....LvJ{u{_,fT-:-J~

-T-I:"J'Z'.Jl(fti(JI(t(I..Jf;ti(U}iJ,ot}:LLJ~J?.Y'

117 A

1(1.:-'/JJr~L&;~..-LCkdlc~WI~~~L.U:U:l982_?.-

43

~,JJf~~A1L.-L-.JbLJJJt.t~.Atl1Jf_}r(~.At(;)I~-')U"Ll3V/'

_L.--(J -.Jblo.;-'/£.,,-.Jbjl;-~.J~JhlL.t

J2 .... .f(~JJJ...I~P~?. ~L.LJ~J?.Y fl(L.~ (;)'~-'JLP fu£t'T-~r(t~.,tf.~LrJflo.:-'~(j)~-.f/J(;)''ui'T-~U:--f/ J(?..L~ J,..-~.Ath~LIJ~?.''T-u;iJ(~;i~_,?..LL.U[.f ~_,G J1)Jy~;i'T-~-'''T-.::,;~_,?J~~?..LL.U[~~~)I(~P-'T-I:"rJf

-~?.Y~..ciLl;vt ~~.,1~~~-'''~JuP L)JJ,..I.,::..Yl,?.~_,,(;)_,..t)I(;)I}ILU.,J'-V j~IL(;)I?.i~.:-'/~{U"I ~;ifl(L.~-~?.,_.~~..c,L(;)'f'T-Jk>("i"1Vv;_,,,kl(t(/.~L

'L~ u;i /..f U"l (;)1?.}~_,-'T- J~;~ (practical wisdom)J~_,};'T-_.{Jfjl~t~-''

.::,;~~J~LJL.~fiJfu-/l.d'~-JJf~'"'.;;~_,bJ~}~ • * •

.::,;~?.~(;)Vu;~\=;_,u-,f'T-rJfu-/l.d'~P!L4--/.LAAf.u).-( (;)IJ 'T-~~JfJ~~(cl:k~(llk/'-A1~LLJ~J?.Y-! .::,;~tf~~_,!J1 ui'~'-Y.'-Y.~_,)r..,~Lu-'-z.J~;~rJ;.,A~.,;;l3hL/(~;iu-~ {J_,)'1'~~)?.-LL.h(b...~U"')-'T-~((t/ViD~~-'''-~J.f ~

-(50 yJ.,,..Jr~tviJ _}',...t_)r 1..:-'c:(

118

~~~=~··l~~"''Lr''r~;~_,'-.f&".f ~-"'~f 'T-Jt;.o~rjw, ~-'T- Jr~~?..L(;)I.:;.;d~JI/~f 'T-~~A1L.-L t.f'f.'T-rd.f u£_;{(' VllhA.tJt ~..::...(.f 'T-r~~'-'{~ -h1~J(~lJ~_,t.J.Lv

44

J(1r•

-T-J~)J. u_,;;Jk1~~L~T-;&U:1....(1 /fdL-:.-~~~~~'-T-~\rl:-rJJPt;vr.T-J.PU:I....(IJJ1

.:. U"~ L I.FT-r:t.Yt J1)t/uu., L.h~ U"I-T-J,f.{ L.f £,:.£ ..:;;, J(..:;;,LJ,.~;r.T-r:t.~)~(;)Wiu'-YI~LL.f£J(..:;;,LL.f

-YI~(;)Lt..(Li.U"LLI y y (mysterious),..P~H((.)_,i~~J?.J"' }JJ J~r I t.t ~ { r (./1 (.)!Jl.-)1 J?.'~~IL(;)I.J(LYI,:.(preoccupied)Ji;~J~I(;)~~Ji-JJJYt(?

_JJf(?.:.,.;vt.J ~~~}1:-Ytb?~)Yoj~~;....(l~~ .?tfi~

t1LJ(.)~ij ~ ~~~~ ~' }T-1:-YI ~ ~ JJ1f? (;)(:> ~'..:;;,(./I l1L.f~JLJ~IUJ~I~I~,JJJL!r~(..SLU"~U1!~(.)!~J~~-T~4/JI,JV(.)"IL-:.-}~)((./I}T-I:-IrY1~,~~(.),~..CUJ1P-T-

-~&I:?((.),~..CuJIP~LLv(.)!J,fid..l,u'?.T-rlr~

121

L)?,),;~~,_e:....)IJ/.(L')~1)~)u1"(19o2-197o)J~)(11

J~1)~T'1fl(' ~(;)ld.....(.)IJ~k--'N7~LT-Jif--f/~~1)~JIJ1JJ?t.. _JJ LYI'--./~~.tcl:~IJ)(.)'JfT'1f ~Lu! ~~~1)~JU1i

lJ"':-'I?.LJ~J(11

'1fLYI'--./~JJLYI'--./~('" ....(I_JJLY~Lv!(.)t;1JiQJ{('3-10~~~f'~JvJf~Jt..y.._(l~ ~)tf"':-'l},(~jL(;)I)Ji.J;WI-:.-J~jr.T-~V~k;l(;)yJJL(;)I....(IP!L

-YikJ~(J~.::.:;?/()i~V:LLJ~J?.Y'LI.F~~J(JiV:~-T-

46

.fu,.J-t-JLI,Li..J;WI LJ"!L r (./IJ T-~-=--~ -d~JkJ~t:::- (./1 LJ'if Jui~ --?-'J U"tk~-ui L~JJ?..JJU?. ~L1,"::-J4L.-U: ui~ -T-~~'(jj__J'If,U:.J2.QI~,~~I(ui~LLLJ~J?.Y-T--=--~JJ

L.::l.f u-?d~?.-1.!'-T-JJf~!v~.f~~L}L.J"!t:::-vl~J~.)Jl -uiLy_,J,J~LU"Iui~JLJiL~~

~~--?-'JU"'-T-JJf~!v.fJl)l-::.-d~~Jklt:::.-~U:L.L;~J?.Y f}L.J"!Lui~U:J/~JJl-1'-T-J/~J-=--~~_,)J/~JJlJI)TuJI,{ . .cb.!f~~JJlJI -T-t-t:ff.f (./1 l.)Jfl}. ~J'(fi'?.-1./'-'f--d'W~J/.) (-'/~t:::-~1YJ?JfoU:~L~.·.~Hz;kJI_,;~yJ?.f T--d~~

=kJ~{(~L~LIU:~J~l.-Ji~WIL.vyl,.fU"It.ft.f:Jf I(~LIJ~J(I(t:::.-J.IfL~~

122

L-::1(.::.-.(.f T-J}I( (Samuel Johnson [1709-1784])~~Jr

.:..?lvL~.J?~Jklt:::-~~?.-L~VJ~~4L.-LJ)Ji~.J? f T-1:-Jf :uiLJ~t:::-l(t:::-~~-'UJiP

Advice is seldom welcome. Those who need it most, like it least.

VI-'"::-J~.J? f ~-T-C?Y }l..t.JL-:.-~""~I~_,JT-t:?YJ}~JJ1

C? rU:JI-'1 J ~"".J'U:"-A L ~ "-fiJ(;I(t:::---?-' JLJi J !Vt:::.--::.-~""d I L J_,j£_ ~.)? ~~J?.-'~ L LJi 6 jl LI.J JLI, "i:-J ~.)? ?.-1./1-T-

_1;-Jfu:il??.-LL.)J}..f v~~_,f T---?-'~-T-JJf....; ~

~ k _£ &-r JJ-1{-'It:::.... -=--~""~_,f ~If jJi~1Y~lk.J-'1L l)J1

47

tJf(~_£a£3~,.;£~jM;;.J?LL,_,.:;...)~~.)?~~_,f iiT-lfj.'i"~iL-:'

_uf;w;& J£.,uy£JJ~/. u!~JU"I?.Lvl.'f,.:,-::.-~J!' ~u: ui-'J.J--''L

123

Jii':&/fU:-u1J~J~~I:J!uE~~-u1uE~~~U:~'7'-~ JiLU:ftJ-'f!;((..)"Jf(..)"IJ/f''trlf,U:ftJ-'i"t-.f~fiU:-tJ-'i"~lfb=~

k'I.J-'Ik'lf' (..)"l_jft::Lu:f?.U"IJ/1';& ~u!-'T-U"~f 'T-V ~k.JJ -uJ-::.-I,;il_,~ ~Ltf;:;J~U:J:!" (.)"I -u12!...L

u:fJf' u!/~_,(.)"Ll3L)!(k_?"~)Jj~IL)!_'T--::.-~J 1960~~ ~.f ;( cl:J~ C~A)J:h'-Jb6 A.J-'''l3k1tJ~_,?.L/.)£ U:-l3 ~fl.£,L.u:-u.,.fu-'i"lf?.f ifu)ur6~~_,J'L.jf!Vf_t3t~Jbf

~~u:J:.'T-r-'f.J_,r~J .. b,ft3~;.-L.u:-u1 L-'i"'-~~£L .. b1J) hr1~1(.1.J1Lu!,(~ _tJ}(;)L~I.f 1.1' J/)l3,:, !]1.1{ (..)"1-:JL J_,j

fi-'f,.:,I-'.J~L~~u!P!LU"LV'lJ".1.JII.f~v)U"I.J-'I'kJJt/_,Jtl/'~l

_tJ_,Jf cl:J.f~/.:J:h'-A.JL~A Lu!-'T-/.:~~L_k.,V~~/~/'-.J~J:h'-A.J~A 2.....1 ~) ~ P! L "''-J-'f t;_,J }.,/u: ~ft3 ve...;.-1.1 ~.,v ~ -tJf~J:h'-A.Jf~.J,:,J.I1U"I.J-'I'I~fhv_,;f'U:f JtJ~-L-'ft;_,J ~Av)~6~~_,_t3J?..Y"3(.;'-~.P'~/( Ji.LI.J~~-'U"'~JlZil~ f L)!~~_,J ~'7(./I~L~Jbf ~(1 h.JIY {cl:).J_,I,V'LJ'J:#I'-}...J ~L1~U:f 'T-4~1(tJ~~.f.u1 JlJ'~~~4-u! tf;;;~IL

_.'fl.'fi]J{~J~~J.f ~k.JJ~IJ}?. ,tJ-'f~(;.Jl.Jik'l~f' T'1~1~

48

` 30 Aakhri Safar رفس اك آرخي ��

` 10 Aakhirat ka Safar رفس اك ت

آرخ� ��

` 50 Ahya-e-Islam �آسالم �آايحےئ ` 60 Al-Islam �آالسالم

` 70 Al-Rabbaniah ب�آهين �آرل�

` 70 Amne-Aalam اعمل �آنم

` 60 Aqliat-e-Islam آسالم� ت

ي�آ� عقل�

` 100 Asbaq-e-Tarikh �آ�رخي ت�آابسِق �

` 140 Asfar-e-Hind �آافس�رِ دنه

` 10 Asma e Husna �آامسےئ ينسح

` 60 Azmat-e-Islam تمظعِ �آسالم

` 60 Azmat-e-Islamٹ

ل� بُك تمظعِ �آسالم - �

` 20 Azmat-e-Momin ٹ

ل� بُك تمظعِ ومنم - �

` 60 Azmat-e-Qur’an ن

آ� تمظعِ ق�ر��

` 30 Azmat-e-Sahaba تمظعِ احصهب

` 50 Dawat-e-Haq ِ قحت

�دوع�

` 70 Dawat-e-Islam آسالم� ِت

�دوع�

` 10 Dawat Ilallah �آهلل �آيل ت

�دوع�

` 30 Deen ki Siyasi Taabeer ريبعت ايسيس يك �دني

` 20 Deen Kiya Hai? ےه؟ ايك �دني

` 100 Deen wa Shari’at �ورشتعي �دني

` 90 Deen-e-Insaniyat س�آتين ن�دنيِ �آ�

` 100 Deen-e-Kamil �دنيِ اكلم

` 30 Deeni Taaleem ميلعت �ديني

` 100 Diary Vol. I 83-84 �ري )هصح �آ�ول)ئد�آ�

ٹ�

` 120 Diary 89-90 �ري - 1989-90ئد�آ�

ٹ�

` 100 Diary 91-92 �ري - 91-92 ئد�آ�

ٹ�

` 20 Fikr-e-Islami �آساليم ركف

` 40 Hadees-e-Rasool ِ �روسلث

ي� دح�

` 20 Hajj ka Paigam اغيپم اك جح

` 40 Hal Yahan Hai ےه اهي� لح

` 30 Haqeeqat Ki Talaash ث

ال�ت

� يك تقيقح

` 50 Haqeeqat-e-Hajj تقيقحِ جح

` 10 Haqeeqat-e-Tawhid ٹيل بُك تقيقحِ وتديح - �

` 100 Hikmat-e-Islam تمكحِ �آسالم

` 90 Hind-Pak Diary ري�ئد�آ�

ٹپ�آك � دنه۔�

` 10 Hindustan Aazadi Ke Baad دعب ےك ر�آ�دي ن

آ� �� ن

دنهاتس�

` 70 Hindustani Musalmanن

املسم� دنهاتسين

` 30 Imani Taqatت

ط�آق� يك ن

�آامي�

` 60 Insaan ki Manzil زنمل يك ن

س�آ�ن�آ�

` 60 Islam aur Asre Hazir رصعِ احرض �آ�و�ر �آسالم

` 50 Islam Daur-e-Jadid Ka Khaliq اخقل اك ي�د ب�د� �د�و�رِ � �آسالم

` 30 Islam Deen-e-Fitratت

�دنيِ رطف� �آسالم

` 10 Islam Ek Azeem Jad-o-Jahad ب�د�ودهج � ميظع يك �آ� �آسالم

` 10 Islam Ka Taaruf اعت�رف اك �آسالم

` 30 Islam Kiya Hai? ےه؟ ايك �آسالم

` 90 Islam: Ek Ta’aruf اعت�رف يك �آسالم: �آ�

` 30 Islami Dawatت

�آساليم �دوع�

` 10 Islami Jihad �آساليم اهج�د

` 60 Islami Taalimaatت

اميلعت� �آساليم

` 60 Islami Zindagi ردنيگن

�آساليم �

` 30 Ittehad-e-Millat ت

�آاحت�دِ ملّ�

` 230 Izhaar-e-Deen �آاهظ�رِ �دني

` 80 Karwan-e-Millat ت

ِ ملّ�ن

اك�ر�و�آ�

` 30 Khaleej-e-Diary �ريئد�آ�

ٹجيلخ �

` 30 Khoda aur Insaan س�آ�ننآ �آ�و�ر �آ� �د�

ن�

÷ î − *

` 10 Manzil Ki Taraf زنمل يك رطف

` 10 Maqsad-e-Hayatت

دصقمِ ايح�

` 60 Mazameen-e-Islam اضمنيمِ �آسالم

` 70 Mewat Ka Safar رفس اك ت

ويم�آ�

` 70 Mutala-e-Seeratت

اطمهعل ريس�

` 20 Mutala-e-Seerat ٹيل بُك � - ت

ريس� اطمهعل

` 30 Nar-e-Jahannam آ�رِ منهج�ن�

` 80 Nashri Taqriren رقتريںي رشني

` 30 lama aur Daure Jadid ي�د ب�د� املعء �آ�و�ر �د�و�رِ �

` 10 Paighambar-e-Islam ربمغيپِ �آسالم

` 80 Qalallah Qallar Rasool �آرلوسل �آهلل، اقل اقل

` 30 Qiyadat Nama �آهمن�

تايق�د�

` 10 Qiyamat ka Alarm �آال�رم اك ت

ايقم�

` 30 Qur’an Ka Matloob Insanن

س�آ�ن�آ� ولطم�ب اك

نآ� ق�ر��

` 60 Rah-e-Amal �ر�آهِ لمع

` 30 Rahen Band Nahin دنب ںيهن �ر�آںيه

` 30 Rahnuma-e-Hayat )اتكهچب)ت

ايح� �رامنهےئ

` 70 Rahnuma-e-Hayatت

ايح� �رامنهےئ

` 20 Roshan Mustaqbil لبقتسم �ر�ونش

` 30 Sabaq Aamoz Waqiatت

�و�آاعق� ر ن

آوم� �� قبس

` 10 Sachcha Rasta پّ�آ �ر�آهتس س�

` 50 Safarnama Spain wa Falasteen �ونيطسلف �آنيپس �آهم ن� رفس

` 80 Safar-e-Hayatت

رفسِ ايح�

` 30 Saum-e-Ramzan وصِم �راضم�ن

` 70 Shatme Rasool Ka Masla هلئسم اك ِم �روسل ت

�ث

�

` 70 Sirat-e-Mustaqeem رص�آِط ميقتسم

` 30 Socialism: Ek Ghair Islami Nazaria�آساليم ريغ يك وسزلشم: �آ�

رظنهي

` 60 Socialism Aur Islam �آسالم �آ�و�ر وسزلشم

` 10 Taareekh Dawat-e-Haq قح ِت

�دوع� �آ�رخي ت�

` 20 Taaruf-e-Islam اعت�رف �آسالم

` 30 Tablighi Tahreek يك يغيلبت رحت�

` 40 Tajdeed-e-Deen ي�د �دني دجت�

` 10 Talaq Islam Mein ںيم �آسالم طالق

` 90 Tameer-e-Hayatت

ريمعتِ ايح�

` 70 Tameer-e-Insaniyat س�آتيننريمعتِ �آ�

` 30 Tameer-e-Millatت

ريمعتِ ملّ�

` 30 Tareekh Ka Sabaq قبس اك �آ�رخي ت�

` 100 Tasweer-e-Millatت

وصتريِ ملّ�

` 40 Tarjuma-e-Quran آ�ن رتهمج ق�ر��

` 10 Tazkiya-e-Nafs زتهيك سفن

` 30 Ummahat-ul-Mumeneen ونينمئُ �آلم�

ت �آاهم�

` 30 Zalzal-e-Qiyamatت

ايقم� رزلهل ن

�

` 60 Zuhoor-e-Islam وهظ�رِ �آسالم

` 80 Arabic version of God Arises ��ديتي� �آالسالم �

` 40 Tarbiyat-e-Aulad رتتيبِ �آ�وال�د

` 10 Mansoobaband Amal لمع دنب وصنمهب

` 100 Sawal Wa Jawab وس�آل �ووج�آ�ب

` 50Marxism: Tareekh Jisko Radd Kar Chuki Hai

�ر�د وك سج �آ�رخي ت ام�رزسكم: �

ےه ركيكچ

` 80 Masa’le Ejtehaad �آاهتج�د اسملئ

` 20 Islam Pandrahwin Sadi Meinدصي دنپ�روهںي �آسالم

ںيم

` 30 Taameer Ki Taraf رطف يك ريمعت

Date of Posting 10th and 11th of advance month Postal Regn. No. DL(S)-01/3130/2018-20 Published on the 1st of every month RNI28822/76 Posted at NDPSO Licenced to Post without Prepayment U (SE) 12/2019-20

Call: 0 I I 41827083 sales@goodwordbooks.com