人教修订版高中一年级 ( 下 )

Unit 19

Integrating Skills

Warming up

farming

大棚种菜

彩椒

香蕉园

keeping sheep

keeping cows

keeping fish

Pre-reading

Who is the man in the picture?

He’s Jia Sixie.

What do you know about him?

Jia Sixie, author of China’s first agri

cultural encyclopedia ( 百科全书 ), w

as one of the leading agronomists in

Chinese history. In the late years of t

he Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534),

he wrote Qimin Yaoshu (Essential

Skills for the Common People). It is

the earliest and most complete agri

cultural encyclopedia still in existe

nce in China.

Reading

What advice does Jia Sixie give farmers?

1. Farmers should do things at the right

time of the year.

2. Farmers should examine the soil caref

ully.

3. If the conditions of the soil is not good,

farmers should improve it.

4. Before sowing or planting crops,

farmers should clean rough ground

and remove weed.

5. Farmers should let sheep or cattle

(cows) walk on the land before

sowing or planting crops.

6. Farmers should plough the land, so

weeds are destroyed.

7. When ploughing the land, farmers sho

uld plough deep the first time and less

deep the second time.

8. Farmers will get the best results if they

change crops in their fields.

9. If farmers plant rice in a field one year,

and wheat in that field the following y

ear, they will harvest good crops.

10. If farmers plant wheat close

together, they will have better

results than when they plant wheat

leaving space between the plants.

11. It is good to grow different plants

next to each other in the same field.

Post-reading

Imagine you have a vegetable

garden and you want to grow beans,

cabbages, onions, tomatoes and

sunflowers. Write a plan for your

vegetable garden. What will you do in

each month of the year?

Month What will be done

November

It’s in November when we h

ave to plough the land for th

e first time. The ploughing h

as to be done deep. Spread

manure and old leaves on th

e land and plough them und

er.

Month What will be done

December

It’s in December when we

should make a plan for our

vegetable garden for next

year. Check the seeds left over

from last year. Repair tools

and make a list of new tools to

buy.

Month What will be done

January

It’s in January when we should buy enough seed to plant for two or three crops. Check the condition of the soil. If the soil is not good, you should improve it. Put manure and dead leaves on the land if you did not do this in November. You can also use fertilisers to the soil. Get the seedbeds or seed boxes ready for growing plants such as tomato, pepper and eggplant.

Month What will be done

February

It’s in February when you should plant the seedbeds. Prepare the land for planting. Let sheep or cows walk on the land. Their manure will improve the soil and they will destroy weeds or eat them. Also prepare seeds for planting in April.

Month What will be done

March

It’s in March when you should

give some attention to the early-

planted crops. Add a little fertili

ser to young crops. Thin the yo

ung plants to give them more ro

om to grow. Plough the land a s

econd time to prepare it for the

warm-season vegetables.

Month What will be done

April

It’s in April when you

should plant beans, corn,

eggplant, peas, peppers,

tomatoes and watermelons.

Remove weeds and grass.

Month What will be done

May

It’s in May when you have to

watch out for insects. Fight

insects and disease when you

see them. Water the plants

when needed. Build a frame of

wood or bamboo for beans to

climb on.

Month What will be done

June

It’s in June that you have to

harvest vegetables such as beans

and peas, onions and potatoes.

Store onions and potatoes dry

and cool. Prepare the land for

planting new crops. Take care

of irrigation.

Month What will be done

July

It’s in July when you should make a plan for the crops you want to plant in autumn. Fight drought with enough irrigation of the land. Remove weeds. Plant second crops for tomatoes, corn and beans. In July it’s also the time to plant big pumpkins for Halloween!

Month What will be done

August

It’s in August when we

have to plant broccoli,

cabbage, carrots and

onions. Make sure to water

the plants enough. Harvest

ripe fruit and vegetables.

Month What will be done

September

It’s in September when we

harvest green peppers and

tomatoes before the cold of

winter comes. Water and

weed the crops that were

planted in August.

Month What will be done

October

It’s in October when the last cro

ps are harvested. Put dead plant

s, old leaves and other materials

together. Store animal manure f

or use as fertiliser next year. Sta

rt thinking about your garden pl

ans for next year.

ExplanationExplanation

1. Much of the wisdom discovered by

early Chinese scientists is still useful

for farmers and gardeners today.

中国古代科学家所发现的大量知识和经验 , 对于今天的农民和艺工仍然有用。

此处 discovered by early Chinese scient

ists 是过去分词短语作后置定语 , 相当于 much of the wisdom which was disco

vered by … 。又如：

The man injured by the bullet was tak

en to the hospital.

=The man who was injured by the bul

let was taken to the hospital.

被子弹打伤的那个人被送往了医院。

One of the houses wrecked by the storm

belonged to my grandfather.

=One of the houses that had been wreck

ed by the storm belonged to my grandfa

ther.

被暴风雨袭击的其中一间房子是我祖父的。

2. He spent his time on research into agric

ulture. 他专心研究农业。

research 在此处为名词 , 意为“研究 ,

探讨 ; 调查” , 后常跟介词 into 或 on 。如 :

a starting piece of research into the caus

es of cancer

研究致癌的一项惊人成果

3. But if you go against nature and do thi

ngs at the wrong time of year, you will

have to do more work and the results

will not be so good.

如果违背自然规律 , 不按时耕作 , 就会事倍功半。

go against 意为“反对或违反某事 ;

与某事冲突”。如 :

His thinking goes against all logic.

他的思维完全不符合逻辑。此外 , go against 还有“对某人不利 ;

抵抗或反对某人”的意思。如：The war is going against us.

这场战争对我们很不利。

Don’t go against your parents’ wishes.

不要违背父母的意愿。He went against the advice of his colle

agues and resigned.

他不顾同事的劝告辞了职。

5. condition

a state of being of general health

状态 , 健康状况The astronauts soon got used to the

condition of weightlessness.

4. guide to sth.

英语入门 a guide to English

中国旅行指南 a guide to China

out of condition 身体不好 in good condition 情况良好in poor condition 情况不好

(pl.) the state of affairs at a particular pl

ace or time 环境 , 情况 常用复数housing conditions 住房条件

6. deep/deeply

deep 用于具体的深度 , 包括时间和空间They dived deep in the sea.

They talked deep into the night.deeply 用语抽象的 , 比喻的意义We were deeply moved by this film.

deeply 可以修饰形容词和过去分词。

7. Jia Sixie’s book is a practical guide to

farming.

贾思勰的书是实用的农耕指南。 practical 意为“实用的 , 有用的” , 此

外它还意为“实际的 ; 功利的 ; 事实上的 ; 实质上的”。

He made practical use of his knowledge

of English.

他实际使用他的英语知识。practical advice 有用的忠告practical wisdom 生活的智慧He is the practical president of this com

pany.

他是这家公司实际的总经理。

8. Before sowing or planting crops, roug

h ground must be cleaned and weeds

removed.

在播种、插苗之前必须平整高低不平的田地 , 除掉杂草。

before 意为“在……之前” , 作介词用。此句可以改写成： before you so

w or plant crops (before 是连词 )

After you finish your homework, you

can help me with the farm work.

完成作业后 , 你可以帮我干些农活。 这句话也可以说成：After finishing your homework, you

can help me with the farm work.

Farmers’ proverbs and sayings

No weather is ill, if the wind be still.

Yellow sky at sunset, wind in the

morrow.

Rain before seven, clear by eleven.

April showers bring May flowers.

Tips

Deeds are fruits, words are but

leaves.

The best ground bears weeds as

well as flowers.

Never cackle unless you lay.

Look at the pictures below. Put

them in the right order and write

two sentences for each to describe

what you can see in the picture and

what will happen.

Reading on P111

The correct order of the pictures: 3-4-1-2

Sample sentences

1. The hills surrounding the villages are

green and covered with trees and

grasslands. Farmers use the land, but

also take care of the environment.

2. The trees are cut down in large

numbers. The whole forest has

disappeared, and no new trees are

planted.

3. When it rains, the soil is washed

away. The barren hills cannot be

used for agriculture.

4. Local people start to repair the

damage that was done to the

environment. By planting trees, the

barren hills will be turned green

again.

Write down five possible rules of

what people should and should

not do in the woods.

1. WALK on the paths or roads.

2. PLANT new trees when cutting

down any.

3. PROTECT young trees from being

eaten by deer or rabbits.

Five rules of what people should

do in the woods.

4. WATER young trees and give l

eft-over fertiliser to trees near t

he village.

5. RESPECT nature and care for

the trees.

Five rules of what people should not

do in the woods.

1. DON’T make any fires in the wood.

2. DON’T throw away any cigarettes.

3. DON’T damage or cut down young

trees.

4. DON’T throw away any rubbish.

5. DON’T kill birds or other animals

in the wood.

1. Trees grow everywhere ___ all the hills

______ the village.

2. _______________ , there may be

problems, such as floods, sand storms

or droughts.

3. The time has ____ to repair the damage

____ was done to the environment.

Do the following exercises.

on

around

As a result of this

come

that

4. That does not always have to be

difficult __ expensive.

5. After about three years, her work

planting trees __________ barren land

green again.

6. To the villagers’ great joy, the tree and

tea crops are also __________ money

to them.

or

had turned

bringing in

Homework

Go over the texts after class and tr

y to preview Writing on Page 112.