~~, tr;£- coa statement...kenny easley calls his wife i a mr. johnson, and the defendant. (rp...

51
WASHIN6TON STATE OF APPEALS . .-.."""' '''_ . - ._.=. ... ....... ...:.,' "" . ...... ....... "-- •• __, .... •. ,, •. ... c< "._,,' •• _ -" .. ' _w _ ... _ . . .. _ •• • • • _ __ •• _ _ ...... -,, '" ", -", ••,,' .""".<...,'" . .. , "-•. _ .... ,-.. .. •. '0' ... ... .... _ _ _ _ STA-TE 0 F W r-J :PL.A-IN TIFF v. DrVlS1.0N 1 r I I , I c 0 __ J,,! _D , __ J91 ___ ___ _ I I t --- - --

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Page 1: ~~, tr;£- COA Statement...Kenny Easley calls his wife I a Mr. Johnson, and the defendant. (RP 1/14/2013 Pg. 439 ). All Co-defendants meet at Kenny Easley's father's house. (RP 1/14/2013

WASHIN6TON STATE COU~T OF APPEALS _~ . .-.."""''''_. - -=",-,",~_'''-.,,",''._-=>:A"<.."'''''-"''''''' ' '':''-'=''' .', ._.=. ... -"_="',,,,o,"~ ....... ...:.,'"" . ...... ....... "--•• "'."~., __ , .... ~., . """"-"'>;. •. ,, •. _.~...,.~ ,~~ ... c< "._,,' •• _ ,, · _".'_"'1-,c-: """'·_'~":; -"" -" .. ' _w _ ... _ . . .. _ •• •• • _ __ ,~ _._ • •• _ _ ,~ ...... -,, '" ", -", ••• • ,, ' .""".<...,'" ... , "-•. _ .... ,-.... , - ,~-, •. ~"'"-~, _ ~ '0' ... ... .... __ _

_STA-TE 0 F W (tSHIN~TD r-J

:PL.A-IN TIFF

v.

DrVlS1.0N 1 r

I

I , I c 0 J~\ __ J,,!_D , __ J91 y_~_-_ 7_-: _ I ___ ___ _

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Page 2: ~~, tr;£- COA Statement...Kenny Easley calls his wife I a Mr. Johnson, and the defendant. (RP 1/14/2013 Pg. 439 ). All Co-defendants meet at Kenny Easley's father's house. (RP 1/14/2013

STATEMENT OF FACTS

On December 1, 2011, Ethan Mattox and Jeff Brinkley

called Kenny Easley and tell him they have the money they

owe him. (RP 1/14/2013 Pg. 428-29 ).

Kenny Easley went to the Munson Residence to pick-up

hls money. (RP 1/14/2013 Pg. 429-30 ).

Mr. Easley Got into a confrontat ion wi th Mr. Munson"

Mr. Mattox, Mr. Brinkley in the driveway. (RP 1/14/2013

Pg. 431 ).

t-1r. Mattox, Mr. Brinkley, and Mr. Munson assault Mr.

Easley and drag him into the basement (RP 1/14/2013 Pg.

486 )" where visqueen was spread out on the floor. (RP

1/14/2013 Pg. 492-93 ) , where they robbed and beat him and

pointed a gun at him. (RP 1/14/2013 Pg. 435 ) . They stripped Mr. Easley down naked and took all his

jewelry, took his safe out of the trunk of his car, and

made him smoke methamphetamines at gunpoint. (RP 1/14/2013

Pg. 435-36 ).

They pcit Mr. Easly in a back room and have a vote on

whether to kill him or not. (RP 1/14/2013 Pg. 437 ).

Kenny Eas1y was robbed of $4,700.00, (4)four ounces of

methamphetamines, heroin, 9-mi11 imeter handgun" his car,

and all his jewelry. CRP 1/14/2013 Pg. 43~ ).

$!rA'l'liltlfl11' OJ!' ADDITIONAL GROUNDS 1 • -

Page 3: ~~, tr;£- COA Statement...Kenny Easley calls his wife I a Mr. Johnson, and the defendant. (RP 1/14/2013 Pg. 439 ). All Co-defendants meet at Kenny Easley's father's house. (RP 1/14/2013

Chuck Munson was there when the safe was opened and

aware of what was going on. (RP 1/14/2013 Pg_ 489 ).

They take Mr. Easley out of the basement and to his

car where he has to remove the child seat and put it in

the trunk. When they open the trunk it is now lined with

visqueen. (RP 1/14/2013 Pg. 494 ).

Eathan Mattox and Jeff Brinkley take Mr. Easley to the

woods and then to a warm beach area to a fr iends house.

(RP 1/14/2013 Pg. 494 ).

They left him there but took his car, as well as all

the other items they had already taken earlier. (RP

1/14/2013 Pg. 438 ).

Kenny Easley calls his wife I a Mr. Johnson, and the

defendant. (RP 1/14/2013 Pg. 439 ). All Co-defendants

meet at Kenny Easley's father's house. (RP 1/14/2013 Pg.

442

Mr. Brown proposes a business meeting with Chuck

Munson,- Eathan Mattox, and Jeff Brinkley to get Kenny's

property back. (RP 1/14/2013 Pg. 444 ).

Mr. Brown talks to Mr. Munson before they go over to

Munson's residence. (RP 1/16/2013 Pg. 721-22 ) (RP

1/14/2013 Pg. 444 ) (RP 1/ll/20l3 Pg. 222 ).

It was also pre-arranged for Mr. Mattox and Mr.

Brinkley to meet there. (RP 1/14/2013 Pg. 451-52 ) (RP

1/14/2013 Pg. 501-502 ).

STA~B.8NT or ADDITIONAL GROUNDS pg. ..

Page 4: ~~, tr;£- COA Statement...Kenny Easley calls his wife I a Mr. Johnson, and the defendant. (RP 1/14/2013 Pg. 439 ). All Co-defendants meet at Kenny Easley's father's house. (RP 1/14/2013

They have agrt:led to give the money back and to all

meet at Mr. r·1unson 's. (RP 1/16/2013 Pg. 728-30 (RP

1/16/2013 Pg. 754-55 ).

r:::vsrybody goess to Munson's house. Mr. Munson tells

everybody "come on in". (RP 1/10/2013 Pg. 100 ).

Everybody enters the Munson residenct:l and Mr. Munson gives

back a large amount of money and Kenny's gun. (RP

1/14/2013 Pg. 460 ) (RP 1/15/2013 Pg. 656 ).

Mr. Brown reassures Mr. Munson that all we want is Mr.

Easley's property back and we are not there to hurt them.

(RP 1/10/2013 Pg. 109 ) (RP 1/14/2013 Pg_ 309 & 455 ).

While wai ting for Jeff Brinkley and Eathan lVjattox to

arrive .; some individuals were rummaging through Munson's

back rooms and took several items. (RP 1/11/-2013 Pg. 216 &

220 ) (RP 1/14/2013 Pg. 314 ).

When Mr. Brown found out this was happening he told

them to stop and not to take anything. He repeatedly

reminded them we are not here to take anything from

Muns6n's but rather collect Kenny Easley's stolen items.

(RP 1/13/2013 Pg. 224 & 228) (RPI/I'l/abl"l:> p4.3H)

Mr. Brown did not take anything from the Munsons

residence. (RP l/11l/2013 Pg _ 228 ) (RP 1/15/2013 Pg. 657

) . After a few hours Patrick Buckmaster, a friend of Mr.

Easley's shows up. (RP 1/10/2013 Pg. 138). A few minutes

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL GROUNDS 3 pg. --

Page 5: ~~, tr;£- COA Statement...Kenny Easley calls his wife I a Mr. Johnson, and the defendant. (RP 1/14/2013 Pg. 439 ). All Co-defendants meet at Kenny Easley's father's house. (RP 1/14/2013

lat€:! I a lCJliu l:ihuL<:lun cIas"!: was heard. in trle hallway_ (RP

1/10/2013 Pg_ 139 ) (RP 1/14/2013 Pg. 459-60 ).

f1r. Brown tE:lls everybody "Lets Go"... (RP 1/10/2013

Pg. 139 ).

This is the Point where the Liability of Charges against

the Defendant ena. (RP 1/10/2013 Pg. 147-48 ).

BES"- ARUu€D ~T (c..p sue~ I;;!S"" pc... ';;}d.d,-,J~S)

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL GROUNDS 4 pg. ----.

Page 6: ~~, tr;£- COA Statement...Kenny Easley calls his wife I a Mr. Johnson, and the defendant. (RP 1/14/2013 Pg. 439 ). All Co-defendants meet at Kenny Easley's father's house. (RP 1/14/2013

ER 404(b)

APPELLANT'S CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS WERE VIOLATED UNDER THE 14th AMENDMENT, VIOLATING DUE PROCESS AND EQUAL PROTECTION. THE TRIAL COURT'S ABUSE OF DISCRETION IN ADMITTING HIGHLY PREJUDICIAL ER 404(b) EVIDENCE DID NOT CONSTITUTE HARMLESS ERROR. BUT INSTEAD WAS BASED ON UNTENABLE GROUNDS AND CAUSED UNDUE PREJUDICE TO THE DEFENSE.

AI. The Erroneous Admission of Evidence Under 404 (b) Requires Reversal Only If The Error, With in Reasonable Probabili ty I Materially Affected the Outcome Of The Trial.

In balancing the evidence's .probative value against its

prejudicial effects under ER404(b), the trial court must read ER

404(b) in conjunction with ER 403. Er 403 requires exclusion of

evidence, even if relevant, if its probative value is

substantially outweighed by the danger of unfair prejudice.

The danger of unfair prejudice exists when evidence is likely

to stimulate an emotional response rather than a rational

response. See, State v. Smith, 106 Wn.2d 772, 775, 725 P.2d951

(1986) •

In order to be admissable under the FED. RULE EVID. 404(b),

The evidence of other acts must (1) have a proper evidentiary

purpose, (2) be relevant under Rule 402, (3) Satisfy Rule 403,

(i.e.; not be substantially more prejudicial than probative), and

(4) be accompanied by a Lim,! ting Instruction I when requested "

pursuant to Fed. Rule Evid. 10S, ,"that instructs the jury not to

use the evidence for an improp~~ purpose. See, United States v.

Cross, 308 F.3d 308, 320-21 (3rd eire 2002) (footnote omitted).

STATEMENT OF ADDXTIONAL GROUNDS P9· 5'

Page 7: ~~, tr;£- COA Statement...Kenny Easley calls his wife I a Mr. Johnson, and the defendant. (RP 1/14/2013 Pg. 439 ). All Co-defendants meet at Kenny Easley's father's house. (RP 1/14/2013

Here, Appe llant 's tr ia 1 court all owea eviaence of a homi c ide,

grave-site and burial, x-Rays, pictures of clean up, and forensic

witness's in such an enormous amount that any reasonable person

would be confusea with the charges at hand.

In light of the attached pro-se charting, 32% of the

witness's testimony and 41% of the exhibits admittea into

evidence was of unchargea crimes. (see chart below).

B/. The Court's Ruling OF Why The Evidence Was Admitted:

(1) to prove that the firearm was operational.

(2) to show "consciousness of guilt". (RP 1/10/13, pg. 6).

In light of Washington State Law and the Instructions to the

jury, the state need not prove that a firearm was aischarged or

that it was even operational only that one of the participants of

the crimes charged was armed with a firearm.

In State v. Faust, 93 Wn.App. 382, 967 P.2d 1284, at 1289

(1998), the state points out that eyewitness testimony to a real

gun that is neither discharged or recovered is sufficient to

support a firearm enhancement.

In State v. Berrier, 110 Wn.ApP' 645, 41 P.3d at 120 (2002),

Division II of the Court of Appeals found that a firearm unloaded

or inoperable is still a firearm ana trial court may impose a

firearm sentence enhancement.

According to State v. TOIfI9ilre, 93 Wn.2d 753, 613 P.2d at 122

(1980), (the prosecution is not required to prove that a pistol,

revolver, or otherty-pe of firearm was loaded or even that it was

capable of being firea.).

STATEMENt' OF ADDITIONAL GROUNDS pg. ~

Page 8: ~~, tr;£- COA Statement...Kenny Easley calls his wife I a Mr. Johnson, and the defendant. (RP 1/14/2013 Pg. 439 ). All Co-defendants meet at Kenny Easley's father's house. (RP 1/14/2013

The state had in its possession, from original arrest date,

Kenny Easley's Jimenez JA-9mm and (6) six eyewitnesses of firearm

testimony.

BOW THE APPELLANT WAS PREJUDICED

At; (RP 1/.1'1/13, pg. 259 ), the prosecutor asks the witness:

"Were you asked to look at some evidence with regard to the case,

this case in particular, with the victim Patrick Buckmaster?"

Next, (RP 1/18/13, pg. 987) I the prosecutor is explaining the

elements of the Appellant's charges reflective to the Inflicted

Bodily Injury but, instead of the alleged victim, he uses Patrick

Buckmaster as the example of what constituted bodily injury. In

both of the above cites to the record, Patrick Buckmaster is not

the defendant's alleged victim in charging documents. This is why

ER 404(b) is distinctive, as Appellant argues.

Appellant is di.::tinguishing that the jurors were overwhelmed

with ER 404(b) error and inference of guilt.

TO CONCLUDE THIS

Even if the trial court admits evidence of uncharged crimes &

bad acts, it should have limited the nature and amount of

evidence admitted.

The problem is that it still weighs too h1avily with the jury

because it over-persua('les the jury into prejudicing defendant

wi th uncharged crimes I and denies the defendant a fair

opportunity to a defense against what he is actually charged

with.

Given the powerful nature of the evidence and emotional effect

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL GROUNDS pg • 8 -

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c r pl._ 143

(See court's Instruction To The Jury ff19):"A firearm,

Whether Loaded Or Unloaded, Is A Deadly Weapon".

C p fc... JL{l{ (Courts Instruction to the Jury ff30 ): for Purposes Of A

Special Verdict I The State Must Prove Beyond A Reasonable

Doubt That The Defendant Was Armed wi th A Firearm At The

Time Of The Commission Of The crime •• )

In light of this instruction, any reasonable person or juror

could conclude that one participant need only to be armed to find

cause on both elements of the deadly weapon and special verdict

firearm enhancement.

It is my posi tion that the Honorable Judge's decision to

allow this evidence in, for the purpose to show the firearm was

operational, was manifestly unreasonable and based on untenable

grounds.

In light of reason #2, "Consciousness of guilt", the evidence

admitted does not reflect the mens rea of the crimes charged.

The gravesi te, or the x-rays of deceased, or the pictures of

clean-up, and all the forensic wi tnesses is not reflecti ve of

guilt of the crimes I was charged with or as applied to victims.

(RP 1/17/13 pg. 957). (C..p so~l\ IdS pc...C1.~;}. -d-'-) In determining whether the probative value of evidence

outweighs its unfair prejudice, a trial court should consider the

a vai labi 1 i ty of other means of proof and other factors. See,

State v. Powell, 126 Wn.2d 244, at 264, 893 P.2d 615 (1995).

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL GROUNDS pg. ~

Page 10: ~~, tr;£- COA Statement...Kenny Easley calls his wife I a Mr. Johnson, and the defendant. (RP 1/14/2013 Pg. 439 ). All Co-defendants meet at Kenny Easley's father's house. (RP 1/14/2013

it had on the jury, the lack of relevance, and the absence of a

Limi ting Instruction, it I S admission was not harmless. What it

did was shi ft the Burden of Proof to the defense wi th highly

prejudicial evidence that the jury should not have considered.

PREJUDICAL WITNESS BELOW:

(1-11-13 pg.259-60)--Kathy Geil, Forensic scientist

(1-15-13 pg.565-75)--Catherine Taylor, Forensic Anthropologist

(1-15-13 pg.585-96)--Stan1ey Adams, Forensic Pathologist

(1-15-13 pg.597-601)--Brittany Ball, Forensic Scientist

Reversal Is Warranted,

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL GROUNDS pg- 9

Page 11: ~~, tr;£- COA Statement...Kenny Easley calls his wife I a Mr. Johnson, and the defendant. (RP 1/14/2013 Pg. 439 ). All Co-defendants meet at Kenny Easley's father's house. (RP 1/14/2013

LIMITING INSTRUC~ION

APPELLANT ARGUES THAT THE TRIAL COURT ABUSED ITS DISCRETION BY FAILING TO GIVE APPROPRIATE LIMITING INSTRUCTION IN RESPECT TO THE . HIGHLY PREJUDICIAL !!:R 404(b) EVIDENCE ADMITTED BY THE COURT.

THE TRIAL COURT'S ERROR WAS NOT HARMLESS AND VIOLATED DEFENDANT'S 14th AMENDMEt:'l' RIGHT TO DUE PROCESS AND I

THE RIGHT TO A FAIR TRIAL UNDER THE THE U.S. CONSTITUTION.

ER 404{b) states; "Evidence of other crimes, w~ongBI or

acts is inadmissible to prove char4ct~r and show action in

conformity therewith; such evidence may, howeverl be

admissible for other purpoaes, such a8 proof oimoti ve,

opportunity, intent preparation, plan, knowledge, identity,

or absence ofmiBtl'lke or accident. !!!;

State v Goebal, 36 Wn. ~,cl.,l. 367, 379, 218 P.2d 300 (/Q'5C»;

State v. Gr •• hu, 173 Wn.20 423, 424, 425, 269 P.3d 215

(2012); State v. Aaron, 57 Wn.App. 277, 787 P.2d 949

(1990); State v. Foxhoven, 161 Wn.20 ~, at 175, 163 P.3d

786 (.).007 ).

The state may refuse to give the requested instruction

if it i8 incorrect or not accurate. This does not end the

inquiry, However; While it is not error for the tr1al

court to refuse to give an incorrect instruction it is

error for trial court to fail to 9ive a Qorrect

instruction. State v Go.bal, 36 Wn .. ~d) . 367, 379, 218 P.2d

30Q( /C]50 )

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL GROONDS PG. \ \ •

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SR 404{D~ EVIDENCE: ALLOWED

Direct Testimony Prejudicial IR 404(0) I or PAGeS I or PAGES

WI1'Nl!:SSES: DllTECTIVE WELLS 41 DETECTIV£ METCALF 9 LOIS MUWSON 104 KATH1 G~IL 10 SUSAN MUNSON 103 KENNY BASLE~ 61 DR. CATHRINE TAYLOR 10 DR. STANLEY ADAMS 10 BRITTAN~ BALL 12 LISA CASEY 9 MEGAN EASLEY 32 BILL DAVIS 34 DANNY FORDHAM 38 DONALD CASTANARES 21 DETECTIVE BETTS 43

12 o 24 2

" 2U 10 10 S 8 14 o 3 3 19

32' OF DIRaC! TSSTIMONY IS OF UNCHARGED CRIMES

&XBI81TS ~-% , (RP 1-10-13 pg .. 66 ) PITCURft WINDOW

!It-13 /I!c 1.5 (RP 1-10-13 pg. 153 ) HALLWAY R&PAI.R £, CARPET

~g~" (RP 1-11:-13 tJ'il· 262 ) SIJ:MIAUTOMA'L'IC 306

~60/,1l(~ I (RP 1-l5-13 pg .. 560 ) BURIAL AReA

<d:64 ,~6 7 (RP 1-15'-13 pg. 570 ) GRAVES1TE

!r;l.75/:!70 (RP 1-)C-13 P9- 592 ) ,X-RAYS OF SKULL IS

tr ~5 f:liJ~ (RP 1-)(1-13 pg. 604 ) BLOOD STAIN Plc'rURES IS

:tt .;}1, ~ ;;;2~ (RP l-W-13 pg. 604 ) BLOOD 51'A1N PICTURES 15

41 , OP EXHIBITS ON UHCIU\RG&D CRIMES -8S (RP 1-/5-13 (>6. 665 ) BULLE\' Pr<.aoT 'VEST

\0 -

'of PAGES

12% 0\ 2lfG 20 , 20 , 33 , 100 ,. .l00 , 66' 91 , 45' o , 4:' , 14\ 44 ..

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~ly defense Counsel ~ ain asked tor a Limiting

Instruction, on the very naxt day in trial, ana provided

another instruction for the court.

denied. !! 1/18/2013 ~ 974-76 ).

But again this was

It is noted: ~hat because the state offered the

limiting instruction this in no way ne9ates a request.

Once an offer for the lnstruction was made, and the defense

in my case we excepted, it is the same as a Request From

the Defense. Otherwise, it would be a baokhanded way of

tricking the defense out of a Limiting Instruction by

saying, wYou never r!guested one".

IN CONCLUSION OF THIS ISSUE

Approximately 32 , of the witnesses testimony and 41 ,

of the exhibits admitted into evidence was on mE{ 404(b)

unch~rg.d crimes, bad character and bad acta. There is nQ

greater prejudice than the word "Murder- in a trial if the

defendant is not ch~rged with or not relevant to the

chargQs Against his victims.

Denying a Limiting Instruction specifying the purpose

for which this highly prejudicial evidence can be used is

not harmless error. Instead, it shifts the Buraen of Proof

c1nto the defense and severely handica.pped his Right t.o a

Fair Trial.

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL GROUNDS PG. )3 .

Page 14: ~~, tr;£- COA Statement...Kenny Easley calls his wife I a Mr. Johnson, and the defendant. (RP 1/14/2013 Pg. 439 ). All Co-defendants meet at Kenny Easley's father's house. (RP 1/14/2013

Once criminal Clefendant reguest limiting

Instruction to ER 404(b) evidence, the trial court htts a

duty to correctly instruct the jury, notwithstanding

Defen~e Counsel's failur. to prov~de a correct in~truction.

State v. Gresham, 173 Wn.20 423, 424, 425, 259 P.3d 215

(2012).

Where th. evidence is admitted for a limited purpose,

and the party against whom it is admitted request a

litni ti n9 instruction I it 15 error not to give the

instruction. St.te v. Ae:-oDt 57 Wn.App.277 I 767 P. 2d 949

(1990).

In my case I despi te the defenBe counael' s e;,.:hausti ve

efforts in argument to the relQvance of the ER 404(b)

Evidence that th& ~rial court admitted, a Limiting

Instruction must, at a minimum, inform the jury of the

purpose for which the evidence is admitted and give

CQutionary Instruction that such evidence is to be

considered for no otner purpose or purposes.

During Motiona of r.imine the court offered to give a

Limitin9 Instruction to the £R 4D4(b) Ev1dnece. My Defense

Counsel excepted and proposed the instruction to the court.

Here, the court decided not to give an instruction~ (

!! 1[1'1 !2.!1 2i:. 953-58 1 this was because the specific

instruction my defens~ counsel proposed vas not in

agroement wIth the court or the 5tat... (~p SO &:14 135" pt;.. /'I~)

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL GROONDS PG. 12.

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I ask this Court to Revers~ all charges and REMAND for

new trial on the grounds of this being highly 1 ikely thi:

jury used this ~vidence in their decision for guilt.

I would aleJo add that the jury was out for a little

more than (2) Two houts on (7) Seven major charges and (7)

Seven gun enhancement chargee. [ Durin9 that time they alao

went out to lunch].. that is not enough time to properly

discuss and deliberate on this mAny charges let alone raad

all the inatructions. I am aure that the amount of ER

404{b) evidence allowed and lack of Limiting Instruction

played a big part in this.

/

/

I

I

I

/

I

I

/

/

STATSMENT or ADDITIONAL GROUNDS PG. I~.

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GteOV!JIJ ~ -~

ER 609

TRIAL COURT DENIED DEFENDANT'S REOUEST TO INTRODUCE ~RTnR FELONY EVIDENCE TO IMPEACH LOUI~ MUNSON AS A WI-.I.Nt:SS THUS, LIMITING THE SCOPE OF THE DEFENDANT'S CROSS-EXAMINATION OF MR. MUNSON, AND VIOLATED APPELLANT'S COMPULSORY PROCESS OF THE SIXTH AMENDMENT RIGHT OF THE U.S. CONSTITUTION GUARANTEEING APPELLANT A MEANINGFUL OPPORTUNITY TO PRESENT A COMPLETE DEFENSE.. FURTHER, VIOLATING THE FEDERAL RULES OF EVIDENCE 609, 28 § U.S.C.A.

It has long been establ ished that, whether root eo in Due

Process Clause of the U.S. 14th Amendment, or in the Compulsory

Process of the Sixth Amendment U.S. Constitutional guarantees

criminal defendant a meaningful opportunity to present a

complete defense. California v. Tombetta, 467 u.s. 479, 485

(1984); Holms v. South Carolina, 126 S.Ct. 1727, 1731 (2006).

(A) Defense Was Barred From The Issue That The Alleged Victim, And State's Witness, Mr. Munson, Was A Two-Strike Offender Who Would Have Likely Faced Strike Three Had He Not Been Deemed A "Victim" By The State. (RP 1/10/13 pg. 51-57).

FEDERAL RULES OF EVIDENCE Rule 609, 28 § U.S.C.A. ER 609(a)(1): "In general, the following rules apply to attacking a witness's character for truthfulness by evidence of a criminal conviction.

(1) For a crime that, in the convicting jurisdiction, was punishable by death or by imprisonment for more than one year, the evidence":

(i) "Must be admitted, subject criminal case in which the defendant".

to Rule 403, witness is

in a not a

ER 609{b) Applies if witness's conviction whichever is later. only if •••

more than 10 years have passed since the or release from confinement for it,

Evidence of the conviction is admissable

(l) "Its probative value, supported by specific facts and

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL GROUNDS pg. 15 -

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circumstances,

effect "; and

substantially outweigh its prejidicial

(2) "The proponent gives an adverse party reasonable wri t ten

notice of the intent to use it so that the party has a fair

opportunity to contest its use.

Our theory of: the case is and was that Mr. Munson was

tCtiloring his testimony for the state. 1/10/13 RP 54). "Kenny

Easley, the man who was robbed at first and state's witness,

testified to the fact that Mr. Munson was an arbitrator to Mr.

Easley's abduction and robbery (1/14/2013 RP 486, 489) Mr. Easley

and Mrs. Easley both testified that Mr. Muns~~ gave back a large

amount of money from the crime and Kenny's gun. 1/14/13 RP

460)(1/15/13 RP 656). Fruits of the poi.fQaous tree. Mr. Easley

testified that he was held at gun point. (1/14/13/RP 487). Both of

Mr. Munson's strike offenses are armed robbery 1. Mr. Munson was

not on trial or was he charged with· any crimes, therefore the

relevance of the facts and circumstances and their probative

value should outweigh any prejudice to a man who is free from

prosecution.

Defense Counsel gave wri tten notice to the ~tate of their

intent to use Mr. Munson's prior two-strike charges. (12/4/12 RP

94).Pre-tria1 Motions/Motions in Limine.

A defendant has a right to confront adverse witnesses with

bias evidence if the evidence is at least minimally relevant.

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State v. Fisher, 165 Wash. 2d at 752, 202 p. 3d 937 ).

Bias refers to "the relationship between a party and a

witness which might lead the witness to slant, unconsciously or

. otherwise, his testimony in favor of or against a party". U.S. v.

Abel, 469 u.s. 45, 52 ,105 S.Ct, 465, 83 L.Ed. 2d 450.

A defendant may establish bias through cross-examination or

by introducing extrinsic evidence, including third party

testimony: "A defendant enjoys more latitude to expose the bias

of a key witness."

(B) In Mr. Munson's Deposition He Stated He Was A Two-strike

Offender.

CrR 4.6(d) Use, "Any deposition may be used by any party for the

purpose of contradicting or impeaching the te~timony of

the deponent as a witness, or as substantive : ': ~;vidence

under circumstances permitted by the , Rul.lls of

Evidence."

The state had proposed Jury Instruction 17: "You may consider

evidence that a witness has been convicted of a crime only in

deciding what weight or credibility to give to the testimony of

the wi tness, and for no other purpose. n This could also lead a

juror into thinking that all convictions are being layed out for

them to consider. (c p ~"'.)Q.~ :r."'~TR..vf-rtCHVS ~I 111)

Any reasonable person would have taken into consideration

that Chuck Louis Munson, being a 2-strike offender, is possibly

tailoring his testimony and is less credible as a witness

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especially when other state's witnesses say he was an accomplice

to the abduction and robbery of Mr. Easley and could have been

facing strike three if not deemed a ~victim" by the state.

Therefore, Mr. Brown was prejudicea by the court's not allowing

Mr. Munson's relevant prior convictions of Armed Robbery 1.

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STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL GROUNDS

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CUMPULSORY PROCESS

TRIAL COURT ABUSED ITS DISCRETION BY NOT ALLOWING PETITIONER TO BRING WITNESSES IN HIS FAVOR, OR TO CONFRONT HIS ACCUSER, THUS, VIOLATING APPELLANT'S 5th AND 14th AMENDMENT RIGHTS OF DUE PROCESS THROUGH COMPULSORY AND CONFRONTATION CLAUSES.

It is axiomatic that an accused person has the Constitutional

Right to present a defense. United States Constitution1 Amendment

VI; Washington v. Texas, 388 U.S. 14, 19, 87 S.Ct. 1920 (1967).

Defendant's Constitional Right to present a defense includes the

right to offer the testimony of witnesses and to compel their

attendance, if necessary; U.S.C.A. Const. Amend. 6: WESTS RCWA

Const. Art. 1 § 22.

While the confrontation clause guarantees a defendant the

right to be confronted with witnesses "against him", the

Compulsory Process Clause guarantees a defendant the right to

obtain and c~11 witnesses "In his favor". U.S.C.A. Amend 6. The

i in plain terms, the right to present a Compulsory process s I

defense and is a fundamental element of due process of law.

U.S.C.A. Const. Amend 14: United States v. Wittington, 783 F.2d

1210, 1218 (1986), citing Washington 388 U.S.at 17-19: State v.

Ellis, 136 Wn.2d 498, 527, 963 P.2d 843 (1988).

The defendant exercised his rights under the compulsory

process clause in advance of trial, announcing his intent to

present certain witnesses (see Witness list below). Violation of

defendant's rights under the confrontation clause is U.S.

Consti tutional error. Ba~rin9ton v. California, 395 U. S. 250 I

251-52 I 89S .Ct. 1 '126 (1996).

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~ f2..0U(V~ ~-S ER 901(a)

APPELLANT'S U.S.C. 14th AMENDMENT DUE PROCESS RIGHTS WERE VIOLATED. TRIAL EXHIBIT #85 "BULLET PROOF VEST" WAS NOT USED IN THE COMMISSION OF THE CRIME, AND ADMISSION OF EVIDENCE WAS NOT HARMLESS ERROR.

Washington Rules Of Evidence: ER 901

(a). The requirement of authentication or identification as a

condition precedent to admissibility is satisfied by

evidence sufficient to support a finding that the matter

in question is what the proponent claims.

Moody v. U.S., 376 F.2d 525, 532, (9th eire 1967).

State v. Hunter, 152 Wn. App. 30, 216 P.3d 428-30 (2009).

§!! also; State v. OUghtOD, 26 WA. App. 74, 83-84, 612 p.2d 812

(1980); State v. Freeburg, 105 Wa.App. 492, 20 p.3d 989-90

(2001).

Danny Fordham, co-defendant, and State's wi tness, was

arrested 3 months after the incident at the Munson's residence.

In his possession was trial Exh ibi t #85: "bullet-proof vest."

(1/15/13 RP pg. 663). The court admi t ted the "vest" during the

testimony of Det. Wells but 1ayed aown no founaation to support

the authentication of the evidence. (1/15/13 RP pg. 665).

"Vest" was already in front of the jury before Danny Fordham took

the stand and admi t ted it was not the vest wh ich he had at the

Munson's residence. (1/16/13 RP pg. 823-24).

In light of the court not allowing defense witness Tom

Jackson to testify on behalf of ownership and who was in

possess ion 0 f "vest," the State's apparen t at tempt to quest ion

his "know how" to the authenticity, and the court wanting to make

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Defense counsel layed a foundation; that is, he presenteo

facts or circumstances which serve to establish the relevance of

the testimony. Trial court, then, refused to allow witnesses

testimony because of "It's 404(b) evidence and collateral"

probative damage. See the 9th Circuit analysis of the prejudice.

Ocampo v. Vail 649 F.3d 1098 (9th Cir. 2011), This is contrary to

clearly established law holding states applicable to the

confrontation clause. Pointer v. Texas, 380 U.S. 400, 85 S.Ct.

1065 (1965).

The following witnesses, and error as attached to them, had a

substantial and injurious effect or influence in determination of

the jury verdict:

CAROL DAVIS ( 1/8/2013, Pre-trial Motions pg_ 92

through 106 )

SBAWANA FLY (RP 1/15/2013 pg. 515-522)

SIMONE LYONS (RP 1/15/2013 pg. 515-522)

TOM JACKSON (RP 1/15/2013 pg_ 515-522)

The constitutional right to a jury trial would mean little if

a Judge could exclude any defense witness whose testimony he or

she did not credit. Appellant conveys that he was not allowed to

present not only a complete defense but any defense.

Appellant was so prejudiced by the trial court decision he

was Clepri ved of a fundament·al American Right - the right to a

fair trial before an impartial and untainted jury. Reversal is

Warranted.

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sure this was "vest" on date in question ••• (1/15/13 RP pg.

520-22).

I do not find this harmless.

,'1J... In State v. Oughton; Evioence of a knife unrelateo to the

muroer knife founo to be of highly questionable relevance.

B. In State v. Freeburg; Defenoant was arrested 2 years later

with a gun in his possession but not the gun used at the

incident. Trial court alloweo, Appellate Court Reversed.

C. In State v. Hunter; Trial Courts error in admitting a

"trigger-pull device" that was "similar to" pressure of gun

trigger was not found harmless.

D. In Moody v. U. S.; Ev ioence a de fenoant hao a gun that haC! no

relation to the charge in his case was found irrelevant and

prejudicially erroneous.

Evidence of a "bullet-proof vest" is highly prejudicial, and

Courts have "uniformly condemned ••• evidence of ••• dangerous

weapons," even though found in the possession of co-defendant I

wh ich has nothing to 00 wi th crime charged except that it is a

highly prejuoicial, "similar to" prop. The admission of this

"vest I" wh ich was not a t the Munson's res idence, weighs heavi 1 y

on the opinions of the jury, and oue to the trial court's refusal

to give a limiting instruction, that vest's admission was not

harmless.

Reverse and Remand.

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JURY INSTRUCTION VIOLATION

APPELLANT'S CONSTITUTIONAL DUE PROCESS RIGHTS AND SIXTH AMENDMENT RIGHT TO A JURY TRIAL WERE VIOLATED EY A CONVICTION THAT RESULTED FROM JURY INSTRUCTIONS THAT WERE FUNDAMENTALLY DEFECTIVE.

The jury instruction for the Firearm Enhancements/Special

Verdicts were incomplete as they required the jury to deliberate

until they found unanimously "not guilty" or "no." They did not

include the now famous Brett "out- allowing them to be instructed

to leave it blank if they could not come to a unanimous decision.

On 7 June 2012, The Supreme Court overruled its own precedent

in Goldberg and Bashaw because of the Brett "or leave it blank,"

legal way out. State v. Guzman Nunez, 174 wn. 2d 707,714 (2012).

This holding does not conflict with the holding in Goldberg

because the words, "Do not fill in the blank for that

alternative," do not exist as a way out for a juror to take.

There was error in this case because the jurors had to agree

unanimously "no," or unanimously "yes".

Richardson v. United States, 526 U.S. 813, l43L. Ed. 2d 985,

119 S. Ct. 1707 (1999). The Supreme Court made a rul ing to

clarify common law that at the time served policy considerations

of judicial economy and finality, rather than constititiona1

grounds.

State v. Guzman Nunez, 174 wn.2d 707,713, 285 P.3d 21 (20l2).

In overturning The Supreme Courts past two precedent cases on

unanimity and the non-unanimity rule, The Supreme Court justified

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, . ,

this landmark decision because o~ /~~eir previous holding in State I ..

'I \ v. Brett, 126 wn. 2d 126, 172-79, ;~,892 p.2d 29 (1995), ana the

"out - found in the majority of these particular jury

instructions;

"If, after fully ana fairly considering all of the

evidence or lack of eviaence you are not able to reach a

unanimous decision as to anyone of the aggravating

circumstances, do not fill in the blank for that

alternative •••• "

The Supreme Court held that Goldberg was incorrect because of

the Brett "out." Guzman Nunez, 174 Wn. 2d at 714. This would be

unnecessary if the "out" words were included in Appellant's jury

instructions, like they were in Brett, but they were not. (P6. I'I(P'" 1'11)

(Clerk's Papers sub '136 inst. '31) (1/18/13 RP 981).

Apprendi v. New Jersey, 530 u.s. 466, 490, 120 S. Ct. 234$,

147 L. Ed. 2d 435 (2000); Blakely v. Washington, 542 U.S. 296,

313-14, 124 S. Ct. 2531, 159 L. Ed. 2d 403 (2004); Guzman Nunez,

174 wn. 2d at 712. These United States Supreme Court mainstay

cases do not say, "The jury must unanimously find beyond a

reasonable doubt no" on any aggravat ing circumstance, as that

does violate due process.

The Appellant's jury instructions, as they stand, forcing a

jury to go all the way till they conclude a finding of

unanimously "no," taints and dilutes the reasonable doubt

standard of proof. Cage v. Louisiana, 498 U.S. 39 (1990); Victor

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v. Nebraska, 511 U.S. 127 (1994).

What we have here is plain and simple illegal coercion. The

trial court judge, by allowing this incomplete (no Brett "out ")

jury instruction, coercem the jury into a forced verdict. Allen

v. United States, 164 u.s. 492, 17 S. Ct. 154, 41 L. Ed. 528

(1896); Smith v. Curry, 580 F. 3d 1071, 1073, (9th cir.2009). and

is what happened here by allowing Appellant's jury to be given

the unanimous "no I" wi thout a Brett-worded "out" jury

instruction.

Unanimity is not required to find the absence of such a

special finding. Appellant's instructions stated that unanimity

was required for either determination. As a whole, the

instruction failed to make the applicable legal standard

apparent. State v. Bor.heim, 140 wn. app. 357,366, 165 P. 3d 417

(2007). That was error, also violating the defendant's right to

have charges resolved by a particular tribunal. State v. Wright,

165 wn. 2d 783, 792-93, 203 P. 3d 1027 (2009) = Arizona v.

Washington, 434 U.s. 497, 503, 98 S. Ct. 824, 54 L. Ed. 2d 717

(1978) •

Regarding having jurors pressured into having to be unanimous

on a "no· verdict, The Supreme Court has previously made a clear

showing that it is prejudicial.

"When unanimity is required ju~ors with reservations might not

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holo to their positions or may not raise aooitional questions

that woulo lead to a eli f ferent result. We cannot say wi th any

confidence what might have occurred had the jury been properly

instructed. Therefore I we cannot conclude beyond a reasonable

ooubt that the jury instruction was harmless." Keller v. City Of

Spokane, 146 wn. 2d 237, 249, 44 P. 3d 845 (2002).

Extensive authority supports the proposition that

instructional error of the nature alleged here is of sufficient

constitutional magnitude to be raised for the first time on

appeal. Martinez v. Borg, 937 F. 2d 422, 423 (9th eire 1991).

In Neder v. United States, 527 u.s. 1 (1999), it says that

when there is constitutional error involving a jury instruction,

the court "must- reverse. The Supreme Court's holding in Guzman

Nunez should not be errorless in Appellant's case due to the

absence of the Brett "or leave it blank W fix.

Because of the aforementioned reason, Appellant's right to a

fair trial and due process was violated ana I ask this court

relief from this prejudicial constitutional error and request to

have the affected sentences vacated and to be remanded back.

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL GROUNDS pg. .;( Co

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INEFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL

APPELLANTS CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS WERE VIOLATED UNDER YHE U.S.C. VI AMENDMENT: W.S.C. ART. 1 §22 DUE TO INEFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL.

A. STANDARD OF REVIEW

An ineffective assistance claim presents a mixed question of

law and fact I requiring de novo review. In re Fleming, 142

Wn. 2d 853,865, 16 P. 3d 610 (2001); State v. Horton, 136 Wn.

App. 29, 146 P. 3d 1227 (2006).

B. AN ACCUSED PERSON IS CONSTITUTIONALLY ERTITLED ~ THE

EFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL.

The Sixth Amendment provides that "in all criminal

prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right... to have

the assistance of counsel for his defense." u.S. Const. Amend

VI. This provision is appl icab1e to the states through the

Fourteenth Amendment, u.S. Const. Amend. XIV; Gideon v.

Wainwright, 372 u.s. 335, 342, 83 S. Ct. 792, 9 L. Ed. 2d 799

(1963). Likewise, Art icle I, Sect ion § 22 of the Washington

Constitution provides, "In criminal prosecutions, the accused

shall have the right to appear and defend in person, or by

counsel ••• " Id.

The right to counsel is "one of the most fundamental and

cherished rights guaranteed by the constitution." United

States v. Salemo, 61 F.3d 214, 221-22 (3rd eire 1995).

An appellant claiming ineffective assistance must ~How • 1

(1) That defense counsel's conduct was deficient, meaning

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that it fell below an objective standar~ of reasonableness; an~,

(2) That the deficient performance resulted in prejudice,

meaning "8 reasonable possibility that, but for the

aeficient conduct, the outcome of the proceeding would have

differed."

State v. Reichenbach, 153 Wn.2d 126, 130, 101 P.3d 80 (2004); .,..---

citing Strickland v. Waahin-gtcm. 456 u.s. 668, 104 S.Ct. 2052, 80

L.Ed.2d 674 (1984); see also State v. Pitman, 134 Wn.App. 376, --383 1 166 P.3d 720 (2006).

1/. Defense counsel's failure to object to the admission of -trlal EXHIBIT #85 "Bullet Proof Vest" I prejudiced the defendant

and Showed a deficient conduct that fell below an objective

standard of reasonableness. ( 1/15/2013 RP pg. 665) • . No

foundation was layed prior to the admission that EXHIBIT iS5 was

ever at the Munson's house.

State moved to aC!mi t on evidence that was foun" on Mr.

Fordham :3 months after the incident. (1/15/2013 RP 663-65).

Defense counsel did not object. During Mr. Fordhams testimony he

admits that EXHIBIT 185 "Bullet Proof . v •• t· was not at the

Munson's residence. (1/16/2013 RP 823-24).

2/. Defense counsels failed to object to Mr. Munson's testimony -of: " what would happen if the cops show up? ••• there would be

to dead cops." (1/10/13 RP pg. 130). Mr. Munson was interviewed

three timea and one very long deposition by al1co-defend.nts

attorney's. Not once was any thin; like this said by him i~ those

interviews. Susan Munson, Kenny Easley, and megan Easley were

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all in the same room at this time and again not one of them said

anything like this.

Defense counsel should have objected and a continuance

granted so to produce evidence to the contrary. He does not

question Mrs. Munson, Kenny Easley, or Megan Easley in regard to

the validity of Mr. Munson's statement. There is no trial

strategy to leave such an inflammatory ambush that was totally

unexpected by the accused in front of the jury without any effort

of Neutralizing these remarks.

(In the situation where witness for the prosecution

testify at trial to fact and circumstances which from the

nature of the case are wholly unexpected by the accused,

or in contradiction to their former testimony. Thereby

taking the accused by surprise, a continuance should be

granted to procure evidence of the contrary.).

3/. Defense counse's failed to object to the questioning of -Kathy Geill the State Patrol's Forensic Scientist. (1/11/13 RP pg

259). QUESTION: "Where you asked to look at some evidence wi th

regard to the case I this case in particular I wi th the victim

Patrick Buckmaster" ••• Patrick Buckmaster is not the victim in

my case and the juror's should not be led to bel ieve he is

especially w~en the court allowed so much ER 404(b) evidence in

and refused to give a limiting instruction.

The Prosecutor's pervasive misconduct and defense counsel's

failure to object substantially increased the likelihood that

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:Jurors woul'.l vote yuilty oased3 on improper fact:>rs. State v.

Glasmann, 175 Wn.25 ~06-07, 286 p.3d 573 (2012).

4/. Defense counsel's failed to object:. to the st.ates arguwment -in closin~ at 0/18/13 RP Pg_ gS7). Here, the prolSecution .

lS

Explaining the elements of th~ appellant'~ ch~rges reflective to

the inf1 ict.ed bot!i 1y injury but, instead of the alleged victim

sh. uses Patrick Buckmaster as the example of what constitutes

bodily injury- In both o~ the above cites to the record, Patrick

Buckmaster is not the defendant's alleged viet im in charg ing

documents.

Defens·e counsel snould have objected and the court could

have properly instructed the jury. Again, counsel '6 failure to

object substantially increased the likelihood that juror's would

vote guilty based on improper factors. Gl •• mann Id.

~. Defense Counsel's failed to object to the prosecutor

argument in closing at (1/18/13 RP PSI. 985-985) Here, shets

explaining the elements of the lesser included charge to

Kidnappi.ng 1 .. Prosecutor (about unlawful imprisonment).

"This would be accomplished i " .... JOU accidentally locked

somebody in a room, it wouldn't be a crime because you WOUldn't

have done it knowingly .... " this misrepresentation of the law

clearly misstates element 14 of Unlawful Imprisonment: "The

defendant acted knowingly" i A prosecutor commits misconduct by

-I misstatin~ the law or making argument inconsistent with the

courts instruction. State v. Davenportl 100 Wn. 2d 760-52, 675

P.2d 1213 (1984).

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL GROUNDS

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Jurors may have decided, based on this erroneous de!inition

of unlawful imprisonment, on im?roper factors and inaccurate

instructions durIng closing arguments. Defense Counsel

prejuaiceo the defendant, bec~use of his failure to object, and

not having the court instruct the jury properly.

§L. Defense counsel's failed to obJect to the authentication of

state's exhibit #84 "Setmi .308 rifle." Mr. Fordham was arrested

3 mo,~ths after the incident at the Munson's residence. In his

possession was txhibit #84 "Setmi .308 rifle."

The State moved to admi t evidence duri~1 the testimony of

Kathy Seil but layed down no foundation that this weapon was ever

at the Mu~son' s residence. (1/11/13 RP pg. 262-63). Defense

counsel should have objected to the authenti fication of exhibit

#84.

Prosecutor during opening statements says it's an "HK GIll"

1/9/13 RP Opening Statements pg. 9). Mr. Fordham testifies that

he had an "BI GIlT" (1/16/13 RP pg. 755).

Whether -Chis gun was or wasn't the gun Mr. Fordham had at

the Munson' 5 residence I the defense counsel's job is to make

proof positive that it is. Appellant's counsel didn t t even

attempt to argue to the fact that a Setmi .308 rifle,

manufactured by Sentry Arms, is not an HK GIl!. There is no

trial strategy herel only a deficiency in conduct that fell below

an objective standard of reasonableness. Striokland v.

Washington, 456 U.S. at 688, 104 S. Ct. 2052 (1984);

Reichenbach, 153 Wn. 2d 126 1 130 , 101 P.3d 80 (2004).

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL GROUNDS pg. 3'

State v.

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IN CONCLUSION

Counsel's function is to assist the defendant and to bear the

professional skills and knowledge of the law while he asserts

himself as the defendant's advocate. Representation of a

criminal defendant entails certain bast' duties. These duties

include counsel's effective assistance to ensure a fair and

impartial trial. Failure to object to improper argumentsl

improper instructionsl highly prejudicial propsi and unexpected

inflamatory statements shows counsel's performance fell below an

objective standard of reasonableness. I believe it to be highly

likely that jurors did vote guilty based on improper factors.

Remand for new trial.

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL GROUNDS pg. 31 -

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Page 35: ~~, tr;£- COA Statement...Kenny Easley calls his wife I a Mr. Johnson, and the defendant. (RP 1/14/2013 Pg. 439 ). All Co-defendants meet at Kenny Easley's father's house. (RP 1/14/2013

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Page 36: ~~, tr;£- COA Statement...Kenny Easley calls his wife I a Mr. Johnson, and the defendant. (RP 1/14/2013 Pg. 439 ). All Co-defendants meet at Kenny Easley's father's house. (RP 1/14/2013

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Page 37: ~~, tr;£- COA Statement...Kenny Easley calls his wife I a Mr. Johnson, and the defendant. (RP 1/14/2013 Pg. 439 ). All Co-defendants meet at Kenny Easley's father's house. (RP 1/14/2013

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Page 39: ~~, tr;£- COA Statement...Kenny Easley calls his wife I a Mr. Johnson, and the defendant. (RP 1/14/2013 Pg. 439 ). All Co-defendants meet at Kenny Easley's father's house. (RP 1/14/2013

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Page 40: ~~, tr;£- COA Statement...Kenny Easley calls his wife I a Mr. Johnson, and the defendant. (RP 1/14/2013 Pg. 439 ). All Co-defendants meet at Kenny Easley's father's house. (RP 1/14/2013

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Page 47: ~~, tr;£- COA Statement...Kenny Easley calls his wife I a Mr. Johnson, and the defendant. (RP 1/14/2013 Pg. 439 ). All Co-defendants meet at Kenny Easley's father's house. (RP 1/14/2013

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Page 48: ~~, tr;£- COA Statement...Kenny Easley calls his wife I a Mr. Johnson, and the defendant. (RP 1/14/2013 Pg. 439 ). All Co-defendants meet at Kenny Easley's father's house. (RP 1/14/2013

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Page 49: ~~, tr;£- COA Statement...Kenny Easley calls his wife I a Mr. Johnson, and the defendant. (RP 1/14/2013 Pg. 439 ). All Co-defendants meet at Kenny Easley's father's house. (RP 1/14/2013

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Page 51: ~~, tr;£- COA Statement...Kenny Easley calls his wife I a Mr. Johnson, and the defendant. (RP 1/14/2013 Pg. 439 ). All Co-defendants meet at Kenny Easley's father's house. (RP 1/14/2013

DECLARA TION

, declare that, on ::ru~ I dO I~ , I

deposited the foregoing document(s),

SrsTt"frI 'NT 0 F A ])i)XTloNfi L 6BDU,V P S

or a copy thereof, in the internal mail system of Washington State Penitentiary and

made arrangements for postage, addressed to:

faoo " " l!". H • 98/0(-'i170

I declare under penalty of perjury under the laws of the State of Washington

that the foregoing is true and correct.

Dated at Walla Walla, Washington on __ (.....;..._~----'9 __ -_d_o_I_t{"---____ _

Signature and number: ~ ~------'==- ..: e;( <=t '7 « .:2 ~~~?: (..~.: ( .. --

70 Il..{ ~ - 7- I

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C .. '

\ '~ -:-... ~ .. ; . ~ . ' .-' ., ;.

~. I '

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