tarapur...tarapur. this city accommodates bulk drug manufacturing units, speciality chemical...

ACTION PLAN FOR INDUSTRIAL CLUSTER IN CRITICALLY POLLUTED AREA

Monitoring, Sampling, Analysis of Stack, Ambient Air Quality,

Surface Water, Ground Water, Waste Water

Tarapur

Maharashtra Pollution Control Board

Kalptaru Point, Sion East, Mumbai - 400022

June, 2017

Critically Polluted Areas: Monitoring, sampling, analysis of Stack, Ambient Air Quality, Surface Water, Ground Water, Waste Water

Tarapur 2

INDEX

Acknowledgement: ................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Abbreviations: .......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

1. Introduction: ........................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

2. Scope of Work ...................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.1 Stack Emission Parameters ................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2 Ambient Air Quality Parameters .......................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.3 Water/Waste Water Parameters .......................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.4 Methodology followed in Sampling and Analysis .... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3. Result of Analysis: ................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.1 Stack Emission: ................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.2 Ambient Air Quality: ......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.3 Water/ Waste Water Quality: ............................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

4 Ground Water Quality: ........................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

4. Summary of the results ........................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.1 Stack Emission Monitoring: ................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.2 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring: .......................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.3 Waste Water Quality Monitoring: ........................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

5. CEPI Score ........................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.1 Comparison of CEPI scores: ............................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

6. Conclusion ............................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

7. Efforts taken for the reduction in pollution: ......... Error! Bookmark not defined.

9. References ........................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

10. Annexure ............................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

Annexure I: Stack Emission Sampling and Analysis MethodologyError! Bookmark not defined.

Annexure II: Ambient Air Sampling and Analysis MethodologyError! Bookmark not defined.

Annexure III: Water/Wastewater Sampling and Analysis MethodologyError! Bookmark not defined.

Annexure IV: National Ambient Air Quality Standards, 2009Error! Bookmark not defined.

Annexure V: General Standards for Discharge of Environmental Pollutants, Part A:

Effluents (The Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986, Schedule VI)Error! Bookmark not defined.

Annexure VI: Drinking Water Specification-IS 10500:2012Error! Bookmark not defined.

Annexure VII: CPCB Water Quality Criteria: ............... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Annexure VIII: Water Quality Parameters Requirements and ClassificationError! Bookmark not defined.

Annexure VIII: CPCB Water Quality Criteria: ....................................................... 80

Annexure IX: Water Quality Parameters Requirements and Classification ................ 82


Tarapur 3

Acknowledgement

We gratefully acknowledge Dr. P. Anbalagan, Member Secretary, Maharashtra Pollution

Control Board, for entrusting this very important and prestigious project to us.

Our special thanks are to Regional and Sub Regional Officer of the concerned areas, for

guidance during the sampling. The contribution of Shri V.M Motghare (Joint director APC)

is appreciated.

We would also like to extend our thanks to the concerned staff of Regional Hospitals,

who has provided us the health data, which is the most important component of this

revised concept of CEPI.

By undertaking this project and completing in schedule time, we consider ourselves very

lucky since we have helped the mankind by giving the data on pollution load and further

action by the Board, to bring down the pollution level.

We also thank our associates for working on this project for making the write up, making

graphs and feeding the data on computer.

This acknowledgement will be incomplete if we do not thank our laboratory analysts and

others who made this project a success by timely analysing the samples.

We also thank our sampling team members for conducting the sampling in this vast

area.


Tarapur 4

Abbreviations:

APHA American Public Health Association

BDL Below Detection Limit

BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand

CEPI Comprehensive Environmental Pollution Index

CETP Common Effluent Treatment Plant

COD Chemical Oxygen Demand

CPA Critically Polluted Areas

DO Dissolved Oxygen

ETP Effluent Treatment Plant

MIBK Methyl Isobutyl Ketone

MPCB Maharashtra Pollution Control Board

NAAQS National Ambient Air Quality Standards

NOx Oxides of Nitrogen

ND Not Detected

PAH Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbons

PCB Poly Chlorinated Biphenyls

PCT Poly Chlorinated Terphenyls

PM10 Particulate Matter (size less than 10 µm)

PM2.5 Particulate Matter (size less than 2.5 µm)

SO2 Sulphur Dioxide

STAP Short Term Action Plan

WHO World Health Organization


Tarapur 5

1. Introduction:

Rapid modernization and industrialization worldwide has not only uprooted to the

economic development, but has increased pollution of land, air and water. This has also

destroyed our habitat and environment too. Pollutants discharged from the industries

have widespread implications and one of the unpleasant effects on water bodies and air.

.Long term exposure to the polluted air and water causes chronic health problems,

making the issue industrial pollution into severe one. So, scientists are exploring the

quantum of pollution load as well as to device certain strategies and technologies so that

our sustainable development would not be jeopardized otherwise our long cherished

dream of establishing eco-socialism on this watery planet could not come true.

In view of this, Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) has evolved the concept of

Comprehensive Environmental Pollution Index (CEPI) during 2009-10 as a tool for

comprehensive environmental assessment of prominent industrial clusters and

formulation of remedial Action Plans for the identified critically polluted areas. Later-on

proposals were received from the SPCBs, State Governments, and Industrial Associations

and concerned Stake-holders for revisiting the criteria of assessment under CEPI

concept. After careful examination and consideration of the suggestions of concerned

stake-holders, it was decided to prepare the revised concept of CEPI by eliminating the

subjective factors but retaining the factors which can be measured precisely. Hence,

revised concept came into existence, which is termed as Revised CEPI Version 2016.

The present report is also based on the revised CEPI version 2016. The results of the

application of the Comprehensive Environmental Pollution Index (CEPI) to selected

industrial clusters or areas are presented in this report. The main objective of the study

is to identify polluted industrial clusters or areas in order to take concerted action and to

centrally monitor them at the national level to improve the current status of their

environmental components such as air and water quality data, ecological damage, and

visual environmental conditions. A total of 88 industrial areas or clusters have been

selected by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in consultation with the Ministry

of Environment & Forests Government of India for the study. The index captures the

various dimensions of environment including air, water and land. Comprehensive

Environmental Pollution Index (CEPI), which is a rational number to characterize the

environmental quality at a given location following the algorithm of source, pathway and

receptor have been developed.

The present CEPI study includes Tarapur industrial area of Maharashtra state. It is one of

the best industrial area situated near Mumbai, Thane and adjacent to Gujarat state on

Mumbai - Ahmedabad Express Highway. The industrial part of this place has a number of

factories manufacturing dyes, paints and industrial / agricultural chemicals. Heavy metal

factories manufacturing a wide variety of equipment are also based in this region. A few

nationally prominent industrial establishments have their manufacturing plants in

Tarapur. This city accommodates bulk drug manufacturing units, speciality chemical

manufacturing units, steel plants and some textile plants. Government of Maharashtra

has established Industrial Estate at Boisar, Tarapur in the year 1972. This estate is

known as MIDC Tarapur. This is one of the largest chemical industrial estates in the

State of Maharashtra.

2. Scope of Work

The Scope of Work consisted of the following:

Monitoring, Sampling, Analysis for Stack, Ambient Air Quality, Surface Water, Waste

Water, and Ground Water Quality for identified five Critically Polluted areas (CPAs) in

Maharashtra i.e. Chandrapur, Dombivali, Aurangabad, Navi Mumbai, and Tarapur

and 3 Severely Polluted areas (SPAs) in Maharashtra i.e. Chembur, Pimpri-Chinchwad

and Nashik as per standard methods.


Tarapur 6

At each of the 5 CPAs and 3 SPAs, 24 hourly ambient air quality monitoring to be

carried out.

Representative samples for surface water quality, waste water quality and ground

water quality to be collected from prominent surface and ground water bodies located in

and around the clusters/areas.

Submission of complete monitoring, sampling and analysis reports including the

summary of the parameters exceeding the prescribed standards/norms for all the 5 CPAs

and 3 SPAs.

Submission of 3 copies of final report with photographs at prominent locations

and the CD (soft copy) on completion of the project for every critically polluted and

severely polluted area separately.

Monitoring, Sampling, Analysis for Stack, Ambient Air Quality, Surface Water,

Waste Water and Ground Water Quality for Tarapur:

The sampling was carried out in 3 days at various locations i.e. from 06th June to

08th June, 2017.

In Tarapur, a total of 7 Stack Monitoring Samples, 6 Ambient Air Quality

Monitoring Samples, 7 Waste Water Samples and 6 Ground Water Samples were

collected and analyzed.

Health data of last 05years (2011-2016) was collected from the hospitals nearby

industrial clusters under study.

2.1 Stack Emission Parameters

The Stack Emissions were analyzed with the following parameters:

1) Acid Mist

2) Ammonia

3) Carbon Monoxide

4) Chlorine

5) Fluoride(gaseous)

6) Fluoride (particulate)

7) Hydrogen Chloride

8) Hydrogen Sulphide

9) Oxides of Nitrogen

10) Oxygen

11) Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons (Particulate)

12) Suspended Particulate Matter


Tarapur 7

13) Sulphur Dioxide

14) Benzene

15) Toluene

16) Xylene

17) Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)

2.2 Ambient Air Quality Parameters

The Ambient Air Quality was analyzed with the following parameters:

1) Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)

2) Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)

3) Particulate Matter (PM10)

4) Particulate Matter (PM2.5)

5) Ozone (O3)

6) Lead (Pb)

7) Carbon Monoxide (CO)

8) Ammonia (NH3)

9) Benzene (C6H6)

10) Benzo (a) Pyrene (BaP) (Particulate Phase Only)

11) Arsenic (As)

12) Nickel (Ni)

2.3 Water/Waste Water Parameters

The Water/Waste Water was analyzed with the following parameters:

a. Prominent Surface Water bodies such as outfalls of CETPs, ETPs, treated effluent

drainage, river, canal, ponds, lakes and other such water supply resources flowing

through the area or flowing adjoining the CPA.

b. Ground Water Quality data of prominent ground water resources such as

observation wells of Central Ground Water Board, drinking water wells, hand pumps,

bore wells, hand pumps, bore wells and other such water supply resources located in the

industrial cluster/area under consideration or in the peripheral areas.

Basic water quality parameters for surface water and ground water both are as

follows:


Tarapur 8

i. Simple Parameters:

1) Sanitary Survey

2) General Appearance

3) Colour

4) Smell

5) Transparency

6) Ecological(Presence of animals like fish, insects) (Applicable to only surface

water)

ii. Regular Monitoring Parameters:

7) pH

8) Oil & Grease

9) Suspended Solids

10) Dissolved Oxygen (% saturation) (Not applicable for ground waters)

11) Chemical Oxygen Demand

12) Biochemical Oxygen Demand

13) Electrical Conductivity

14) Nitrite-Nitrogen

15) Nitrate-Nitrogen

16) (NO2 + NO3)-Nitrogen

17) Free Ammonia

18) Total Residual Chlorine

19) Cyanide

20) Fluoride

21) Sulphide

22) Dissolved Phosphate


Tarapur 9

23) Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR)

24) Total Coliforms (MPN/100 ml)

25) Faecal Coliforms (MPN/100 ml)

iii. Special Parameters:

26) Total Phosphorous

27) Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen(TKN)

28) Total Ammonia (NH4 +NH3)-Nitrogen

29) Phenols

30) Surface Active Agents

31) Organo Chlorine Pesticides

32) Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH)

33) Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB)and Polychlorinated Terphenyls (PCT)

34) Zinc

35) Nickel

36) Copper

37) Hexavalent Chromium

38) Chromium (Total)

39) Arsenic (Total)

40) Lead

41) Cadmium

42) Mercury

43) Manganese

44) Iron

45) Vanadium


Tarapur 10

46) Selenium

47) Boron

iv. Bioassay (Zebra Fish) Test: For specified samples only.

2.4 Methodology followed in Sampling and Analysis

Industries, places and locations that have been chosen for the sampling are

representative of the city/area. Sampling has been done at the potential polluted areas

so as to arrive at the CEPI. This will further help the authorities to monitor the areas in

order to improve the current status of their environmental components such as air and

water quality data, ecological damage and visual environmental conditions. Methodology

for sampling, preservation and analysis have been done according to the references

incorporated. Methodology of various types of parameters is presented under following

annexure:

1. Stack Emission Sampling and Analysis Methodology – Annexure I

2. Ambient Air Sampling and Analysis Methodology - Annexure II

3. Water/Wastewater Sampling and Analysis Methodology - Annexure III

3. Result of Analysis

Results of Analysis are tabulated below for Stack Emission Monitoring, Ambient Air

Quality Monitoring, Waste Water Analysis and Water Analysis. These are followed by

their respective graphical representation.

*Kindly note:

NA specifies the sample is not analysed for the specific parameter.

ND specifies that even though the sample was analysed for the parameter, it was

not detected.

BDL specifies that the result obtained is below detection limit.

Please Note: Industrial clusters observed with below detection limit parameters

are NOT included into the graphs.

3.1 Stack Emission Monitoring:

Stack Emission Monitoring Results are compared against The Environment (Protection)

Rules, 1986 General Emission Standard - Part D. The limits are represented on the

graphical representation. Graph of Volatile Organic Carbon (VOCs) could not be prepared

as their concentration was found either very less or not detected.

Sr. Name of Industry Included in

1. UPL, Plot No. E-51 Table No. I

2. Calyx Chemical Ltd. Table No. I

3. Siyaram Silk Mills Ltd. Table No. I

4. M/s Angadpal industries Pvt. Ltd. Table No. I


Tarapur 11

5. Gini Silk Mills Ltd Table No. II

6. Mandhana Industrial Ltd. (Shirting Unit) Table No. II

7. Mandhana Industrial Ltd. (Dyeing Unit- II) Table No. II

Table No. I:

Name of Industry

UPL,

Plot No.

E-51

Calyx

Chemical

Ltd.

Siyaram

Silk Mills

Ltd.

M/s

Angadpal

industries

Pvt. Ltd.

Date of Sampling 07.06.17 07.06.17 06.06.17 05.06.17

Stack ID Boiler Boiler Boiler Boiler

Sr. Parameters Unit Result

1 Particulate Matter mg/Nm3 90 - 91 29

Std. Limit mg/Nm3 150 150 150 150

2 Sulphur Dioxide

(SO2)

mg/Nm3 10.6 - 5.33 5.33

kg/d 5.54 - 1.39 2.9

Std. Limit mg/Nm3 - - - -

3 Nitrogen Dioxide

(NO2) mg/Nm3 405 - 540 584

4. Volatile Organic

Carbons (VOCs)

Methyl Isobutyl

Ketone mg/Nm3 ND ND ND ND

Benzene mg/Nm3 0.38 0.37 ND ND

Toulene mg/Nm3 1.1 0.23 ND ND

Xylene mg/Nm3 ND ND ND ND

Ethyl Benzene mg/Nm3 ND ND ND ND

Ethyl Acetate mg/Nm3 ND ND ND ND


Tarapur 12

Table No. II:

Name of Industry Gini Silk

Mills Ltd

Mandhana

Industrial

Ltd. (Shirting

Unit)

Mandhana

Industrial

Ltd.

(Dyeing

Unit- II)

Date of Sampling 06.06.17 07.06.17 05.06.17

Stack ID Boiler Boiler Boiler

Sr. Parameters Unit Result

1 Particulate Matter mg/Nm3 99 73 86

Std. Limit mg/Nm3 150 150 150

2 Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)

mg/Nm3 16 21.3 5.33

kg/d 23.9 23.3 5.89

Std. Limit mg/Nm3 - - -

3 Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) mg/Nm3 510 493 382

5. Volatile Organic Carbons

(VOCs)

Methyl Isobutyl Ketone mg/Nm3 ND ND ND

Benzene mg/Nm3 ND ND ND

Toulene mg/Nm3 ND ND ND

Xylene mg/Nm3 ND ND ND

Ethyl Benzene mg/Nm3 ND ND ND

Ethyl Acetate mg/Nm3 ND ND ND


Tarapur 13

Graphs: Stack Monitoring Results:

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

UPL, Plot

No. E-51

Siyaram

Silk Mills

Ltd.

M/s

Angadpal

industries

Pvt. Ltd.

Gini Silk

Mills Ltd.

Mandhana

Industrial

Ltd.

(Shirting

Unit)

Mandhana

Industrial

Ltd. (Dyeing

Unit- II)

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

µg

/m3)

Location

Stacks-Tarapur

PM SO2 NO2

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

UPL, Plot No. E-51 Calyx Chemical Ltd.

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

mg

/Nm

3)

Tarapur (Stacks-VOCs)

Benzene


Tarapur 14

3.2 Ambient Air Quality:

In order to arrive at conclusions, the Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Results are

compared against National Ambient Air Quality Standards, 2009 (Annexure IV). The

limits are represented on the graphical representation.

Sr. Locations Included in

1. Sumitomo Chemical India Pvt. Ltd. Table No. I

2. Siyaram Silk Mills Ltd. Table No. I

3. Mandhana Industrial Ltd. (Shirting Unit) Table No. I

4. Mandhana Industrial Ltd. (Dyeing Unit- II) Table No. I

Table No. I:

Location

Sumito

mo

Chemic

al India

Pvt. Ltd.

Siyaram

Silk

Mills

Ltd.

Mandha

na

Industri

al Ltd.

(Shirtin

g Unit)

Mandha

na

Industri

al Ltd.

(Dyeing

Unit-

II)

Date of Sampling 07.06.17 07.06.17 06.06.17 06.06.17

Sr. Parameters Unit

Std.

Limit

(NAAQS,

2009)

Results

1. Sulphur Dioxide

(SO2) µg/m3 80 BDL BDL BDL BDL

2. Nitrogen Dioxide

(NO2) µg/m3 80 BDL BDL BDL BDL

3.

Particulate Matter

(size <10 µm)or

PM10

µg/m3 100 42 90 46 85

4.

Particulate Matter

(size <2.5µm)or

PM2.5

µg/m3 60 12 22 14 20


Tarapur 15

Location

Sumito

mo

Chemic

al India

Pvt. Ltd.

Siyaram

Silk

Mills

Ltd.

Mandha

na

Industri

al Ltd.

(Shirtin

g Unit)

Mandha

na

Industri

al Ltd.

(Dyeing

Unit-

II)

Date of Sampling 07.06.17 07.06.17 06.06.17 06.06.17

5. Ozone (O3) µg/m3 180 BDL BDL BDL BDL

6. Lead (Pb) µg/m3 1 BDL BDL BDL BDL

7. Carbon Monoxide

(CO) mg/m3 04 1.38 1.55 BDL 2.6

8. Ammonia (NH3) µg/m3 400 BDL BDL BDL BDL

9. Benzene (C6H6) µg/m3 5 BDL BDL BDL BDL

10.

Benzo (a) Pyrene

(BaP) – particulate

phase only

ng/m3 1 BDL BDL BDL BDL

11. Arsenic (as As) ng/m3 6 BDL BDL BDL BDL

12. Nickel (as Ni) ng/m3 20 BDL BDL BDL BDL


Tarapur 16

Graphs: Ambient Air Monitoring Results:

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Sumitomo

Chemical India

Pvt. Ltd.

Siyaram Silk

Mills Ltd.

Mandhana

Industrial Ltd.

(Shirting Unit)

Mandhana

Industrial Ltd.

(Dyeing Unit- II)

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

µg

/m3)

Location

Tarapur

PM10 PM2.5

0

1

2

3

Sumitomo Chemical IndiaPvt. Ltd.

Siyaram Silk Mills Ltd. Mandhana Industrial Ltd.(Dyeing Unit- II)

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

mg

/m3)

Location

Tarapur

CO


Tarapur 17

3.3 Water/Waste Water:

Water analysis Results are compared against CPCB document on criteria for

Comprehensive Environmental Assessment of Industrial Clusters-Water Quality

Parameters Requirement and Classification (Annexure VIII), CPCB Water Quality Criteria

(Annexure VII) and Drinking Water Specification, IS 10500:2012 (Annexure VI),

Wastewater Analysis Results are compared with General Standards for Discharge of

Environmental Pollutants Part A: Effluents, The Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986,

Schedule VI (Annexure V)

3.3.1.1 Waste Water Analysis Results:

Sr. Locations Included in

1. UPL Plot No. E-51 Table I

2. Calyx Chemical Ltd. Table I

3. Siyaram Silk Mills Ltd. Table I

4. Navapur Discharge Table II

5. CETP outlet Table II

6. CETP inlet Table II

Table I:

Location UPL Plot No.

E-51

Calyx

Chemical

Ltd.

Siyaram Silk

Mills Ltd.

Date of Sampling 07.06.17 07.06.17 07.06.17

Sr. Parameters Std.

Limit Results

1. Colour Hazen 1 1 10

2. Smell - Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable

3. Transparency m 7.37 6.32 7.41

4. pH - 5.5 -9.0 BDL BDL BDL

5. Oil & Grease mg/L 10.0 21 13 86

6. Suspended Solids mg/L 100.0 38 55 65


Tarapur 18


E-51

Calyx

Chemical

Ltd.

Siyaram Silk

Mills Ltd.

Date of Sampling 07.06.17 07.06.17 07.06.17

Sr. Parameters Std.

Limit Results

7. Dissolved Oxygen

(%Saturation) % 99 60 20

8. Chemical Oxygen

Demand mg/L 250.0 34 21 7

9.

Biochemical

Oxygen Demand

(3 days,27oC)

mg/L 30.0 839 1940 2070

10.

Electrical

Conductivity (at

25oC )

μmhos/cm BDL 0.016 <0.01

11. Nitrite Nitrogen

(as N) mg/L 5.5 43.4 20.1

12. Nitrate Nitrogen

(as N) mg/L 10.0 5.5 43.4 20.1

13. (NO2 + NO3)-

Nitrogen mg/L 5.0 BDL BDL BDL

14. Free Ammonia (as

NH3-N) mg/L 5.0 BDL BDL BDL

15. Total Residual

Chlorine mg/L 1.0 BDL BDL BDL

16. Cyanide (as CN) mg/L 0.2 0.7 0.4 0.32

17. Fluoride (as F) mg/L 2.0 BDL BDL BDL

18. Sulphide (as S2-) mg/L 2.0 BDL BDL BDL

19. Dissolved

Phosphate (as P) mg/L 5.0 2.59 2.71 9.32

20. Sodium

Absorption Ratio - 280 1600 BDL


Tarapur 19


E-51

Calyx

Chemical

Ltd.

Siyaram Silk

Mills Ltd.

Date of Sampling 07.06.17 07.06.17 07.06.17

Sr. Parameters Std.

Limit Results

21. Total Coliforms MPN index/

100 mL 100.0 170 1600 BDL

22. Faecal Coliforms MPN index/

100 mL 1000.0 BDL BDL BDL

23. Total Phosphorous

(as P) mg/L 1.0 4.34 13.3 4.26

24. Total Kjeldahl

Nitrogen mg/L 100.0 BDL 7.6 0.32

25.

Total Ammonia

(NH4+NH3)-

Nitrogen

mg/L 5.0 BDL BDL BDL

26. Phenols (as

C6H5OH) mg/L 3.0 BDL BDL BDL

27. Surface Active

Agents (as MBAS) mg/L 3.0

28. Organo Chlorine

Pesticides µg/L 0.1

i. Alachlor µg/L 2.0 BDL BDL BDL

ii. Atrazine µg/L 0.2 BDL BDL BDL

iii. Aldrin µg/L 0.1 BDL BDL BDL

iv. Dieldrin µg/L 2.0 BDL BDL BDL

v. Alpha HCH µg/L 0.01 BDL BDL BDL

vi. Beta HCH µg/L 2.0 BDL BDL BDL

vii. Butachlor µg/L 3.0 BDL BDL BDL


Tarapur 20


E-51

Calyx

Chemical

Ltd.

Siyaram Silk

Mills Ltd.

Date of Sampling 07.06.17 07.06.17 07.06.17

Sr. Parameters Std.

Limit Results

viii. Chlorpyrifos BDL BDL BDL

ix. Delta HCH µg/L 0.2 BDL BDL BDL

x. p,p DDT µg/L 0.05 BDL BDL BDL

xi. o,p DDT µg/L 100.0 BDL BDL BDL

xii. p,p DDE µg/L 250.0 BDL BDL BDL

xiii. o,p DDE µg/L 30.0 BDL BDL BDL

xiv. p,p DDD µg/L BDL BDL BDL

xv. o,p DDD µg/L BDL BDL BDL

xvi. Alpha Endosulfan µg/L 10.0 BDL BDL BDL

xvii. Beta Endosulfan µg/L BDL BDL BDL

xviii. Endosulfan

Sulphate µg/L 5.0 BDL BDL BDL

xix. Y HCH (Lindane) µg/L 1.0 BDL BDL BDL

29.

Poly Aromatic

hydrocarbons (as

PAH)

µg/L 0.2 BDL BDL BDL

30. Polychlorinated

Biphenyls (PCB) µg/L 2.0 BDL BDL BDL

31. Zinc (as Zn) mg/L 5.0 0.09 0.199 BDL

32. Nickel (as Ni) mg/L 3.0 BDL BDL BDL

33. Copper (as Cu) mg/L BDL BDL BDL


Tarapur 21


E-51

Calyx

Chemical

Ltd.

Siyaram Silk

Mills Ltd.

Date of Sampling 07.06.17 07.06.17 07.06.17

Sr. Parameters Std.

Limit Results

34.

Hexavalent

Chromium (as

Cr6+)

mg/L 0.1 BDL BDL BDL

35. Total Chromium

(as Cr) mg/L 2.0 BDL BDL BDL

36. Total Arsenic (as

As) mg/L 0.2 BDL BDL BDL

37. Lead (as Pb) mg/L 0.1 0.044 BDL 0.014

38. Cadmium (as Cd) mg/L 2.0 BDL BDL BDL

39. Mercury (as Hg) mg/L 0.01 BDL BDL BDL

40. Manganese (as

Mn) mg/L 2.0 0.057 0.089 0.085

41. Iron (as Fe) mg/L 3.0 4.53 0.667 0.757

42. Vanadium (as V) mg/L 0.2 BDL BDL BDL

43. Selenium (as Se) mg/L 0.05 BDL BDL BDL

44. Boron (as B) mg/L BDL BDL BDL

45. Bioassay Test on

fish % survival

90%

survival

after

96h in

100%eff

luent

100 100 80


Tarapur 22

Table II:

Location

Navapur

Discharge

(CETP

Discharge)

CETP

Tarapur

MIDC

CETP

Tarapur

MIDC

Date of Sampling 07.06.17 07.06.17 07.06.17

Sr. Parameters Unit Std. Limit Results

1. Colour Hazen 100 100 100

2. Smell - Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable

3. pH - 5.5 -9.0

4. Oil & Grease mg/L 10.0 7.33 7.42 7.11

5. Suspended Solids mg/L 100.0 4.2 1.2 5

6. Dissolved Oxygen

(%Saturation) %

7. Chemical Oxygen Demand mg/L 250.0 2380 892 3472

8. Biochemical Oxygen

Demand (3 days,27oC) mg/L 30.0 795 308 1133

9. Electrical Conductivity

( at 25oC )

μmhos/c

m 26400 3010 10000

10. Nitrite Nitrogen (as N) mg/L 0.017 0.026 0.044

11. Nitrate Nitrogen (as N) mg/L 10.0 22.8 23.2 46.3

12. (NO2 + NO3)-Nitrogen mg/L 5.0 22.8 23.2 46.3

13. Free Ammonia (as NH3-N) mg/L 5.0 BDL BDL BDL

14. Total Residual Chlorine mg/L 1.0 BDL BDL BDL

15. Cyanide (as CN) mg/L 0.2 BDL BDL BDL

16. Fluoride (as F) mg/L 2.0 0.76 1.14 1.4



Tarapur 23

Location

Navapur

Discharge

(CETP

Discharge)

CETP

Tarapur

MIDC

CETP

Tarapur

MIDC

Date of Sampling 07.06.17 07.06.17 07.06.17


18. Dissolved Phosphate

(as P) mg/L 5.0 BDL 0.12 0.23

19. Sodium Absorption Ratio - 16.1 10.2 27.3

20. Total Coliforms

MPN

index/

100 mL

100.0 24 280 280

21. Faecal Coliforms

MPN

index/

100 mL

1000.0 11 39 14

22. Total Phosphorous (as P) mg/L 1.0 0.19 0.22 0.62

23. Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen mg/L 100.0 140 40.6 224

24. Total Ammonia

(NH4+NH3)-Nitrogen mg/L 5.0 24.5 22.4 10.1

25. Phenols (as C6H5OH) mg/L 3.0 BDL BDL BDL

26. Surface Active Agents

(as MBAS) mg/L 3.0 BDL BDL BDL

27. Organo Chlorine

Pesticides µg/L 0.1

i. Alachlor µg/L 2.0 BDL BDL BDL

ii. Atrazine µg/L 0.2 BDL BDL BDL



v. Alpha HCH µg/L 0.01 BDL BDL BDL



Tarapur 24

Location

Navapur

Discharge

(CETP

Discharge)

CETP

Tarapur

MIDC

CETP

Tarapur

MIDC

Date of Sampling 07.06.17 07.06.17 07.06.17


vii. Butachlor µg/L 3.0 BDL BDL BDL

viii. Chlorpryrifos BDL BDL BDL

ix. Delta HCH µg/L 0.2 BDL BDL BDL

x. p,p DDT µg/L 0.05 BDL BDL BDL

xi. o,p DDT µg/L 100.0 BDL BDL BDL

xii. p,p DDE µg/L 250.0 BDL BDL BDL

xiii. o,p DDE µg/L 30.0 BDL BDL BDL

xiv. p,p DDD µg/L BDL BDL BDL

xv. o,p DDD µg/L BDL BDL BDL

xvi. Alpha Endosulfan µg/L 10.0 BDL BDL BDL

xvii. Beta Endosulfan µg/L BDL BDL BDL

xviii. Endosulfan Sulphate µg/L 5.0 BDL BDL BDL

xix. Y HCH (Lindane) µg/L 1.0 BDL BDL BDL

28. Polynuclear aromatic

hydrocarbons (as PAH) µg/L 0.2 BDL BDL BDL

29. Polychlorinated Biphenyls

(PCB) µg/L 2.0 BDL BDL BDL

30. Zinc (as Zn) mg/L 5.0 0.395 0.184 1.01

31. Nickel (as Ni) mg/L 3.0 0.036 0.012 0.019

32. Copper (as Cu) mg/L 0.288 0.048 0.213


Tarapur 25

Location

Navapur

Discharge

(CETP

Discharge)

CETP

Tarapur

MIDC

CETP

Tarapur

MIDC

Date of Sampling 07.06.17 07.06.17 07.06.17


33. Hexavalent Chromium

(as Cr6+) mg/L 0.1 BDL BDL BDL

34. Total Chromium (as Cr) mg/L 2.0 0.058 0.026 0.042

35. Total Arsenic (as As) mg/L 0.2 BDL BDL BDL

36. Lead (as Pb) mg/L 0.1 BDL BDL BDL



39. Manganese (as Mn) mg/L 2.0 0.42 0.188 0.217

40. Iron (as Fe) mg/L 3.0 5.49 2.35 5.62

41. Vanadium (as V) mg/L 0.2 BDL BDL BDL


43. Boron (as B) mg/L 1.28 0.188 0.376

44. Bioassay Test on fish %

survival

90%

survival

after 96h

in

100%effl

uent

0 70 0


Tarapur 26

Graphs: Waste Water Monitoring Results:

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

UPL Plot No.E-51

CalyxChemical Ltd.

Siyaram SilkMills Ltd.

NavpurDischarge

CETP outlet CETP inlet

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

mg

/L)

Location

Tarapur Waste Water

O&G SS DO COD

BOD NO2 NO3 NO2+NO3-N

NH3-N Dissolved Phosphate Total Phosphorous TKN

NH4+NH3-N

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

UPL Plot

No. E-51

Calyx

Chemical

Ltd.

Siyaram

Silk Mills

Ltd.

Navpur

Discharge


Location

Tarapur Waste Water

Sodium Adsorption Ratio pH


Tarapur 27

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

UPL Plot

No. E-51

Calyx

Chemical

Ltd.

Siyaram

Silk Mills

Ltd.

Navpur

Discharge

CETP

outlet

CETP inlet

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

µm

ho

s/c

m)

Location

Tarapur WasteWater

Electrical Conductivity

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

UPL Plot No.

E-51

Calyx

Chemical Ltd.

Navpur

Discharge


MP

N I

nd

ex

/100

ml

Location

Tarapur Waste Water

Total Coliforms Faecal Coliforms


Tarapur 28

3.3.2 Ground Water Analysis Results:

Sr.

No. Locations Denotation Included in

1. Ankush Gharatwadi A Table I

2. Dhodi Pooja Area B Table I

3. Lala Vajpayee Area C Table I

4. Chiku Wadi D Table II

5. Kumbhavali Village E Table II

6. Salvad Village F Table II

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

UPL Plot No. E-51 Calyx Chemical

Ltd.

Siyaram Silk

Mills Ltd.

CETP outlet

% s

urv

iva

l

Location

Tarapur Waste Water

Bioassay Test on Fish


Tarapur 29

Table I:

Location

Ankush

Gharatwa

di

Dhodi

Pooja

Area

Lala

Vajpayee

Area

Type Well Water Bore Well Well Water

Date of Sampling 06.06.17 06.06.17 06.06.17


3. Colour Hazen 5 1 1 1

Odour Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable

6. pH - 6.5-8.5 7.22 7.42 7.84

7. Oil & Grease mg/L 100 BDL BDL BDL

8. Suspended Solids mg/L 500 9 8 14

10. Chemical Oxygen

Demand mg/L

10 (WHO,

1993) 60 60 28


Demand (3 days,27oC) mg/L

6 (WHO,

1993) 21 21 9.6


(at 25oC )

μmhos/

cm 750 761 545 1524

13. Nitrite Nitrogen (as N) mg/L BDL BDL BDL

14. Nitrate Nitrogen (as N) mg/L 45 2.21 1.05 4.57




18. Cyanide (as CN) mg/L BDL BDL BDL

19. Fluoride (as F) mg/L 1 0.4 0.42 0.52



Tarapur 30

Location

Ankush

Gharatwa

di

Dhodi

Pooja

Area

Lala

Vajpayee

Area


Date of Sampling 06.06.17 06.06.17 06.06.17

21. Dissolved Phosphate (as

P) mg/L BDL BDL BDL

22. Sodium Absorption Ratio 0.41 1.02 0.57

23. Total Coliforms

MPN

index/

100 mL

ND 7.8 79 49


MPN

index/

100 mL

ND 4.5 33 23

25. Total Phosphorous (as P) mg/L 0.5 BDL BDL BDL

26. Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen mg/L 0.001 0.1 0.11 0.1

27. Total Ammonia

(NH4+NH3)-Nitrogen mg/L 0.5 BDL BDL BDL


29. Surface Active Agents (as

MBAS) mg/L 0.05 BDL BDL BDL

30. Organo Chlorine

Pesticides µg/L

i. Alachlor µg/L BDL BDL BDL

ii. Atrazine µg/L 2 BDL BDL BDL



v Alpha HCH µg/L 0.01 BDL BDL BDL



Tarapur 31

Location

Ankush

Gharatwa

di

Dhodi

Pooja

Area

Lala

Vajpayee

Area


Date of Sampling 06.06.17 06.06.17 06.06.17

vii Chlorpryriphos µg/L BDL BDL BDL

vii. Butachlor µg/L 125 BDL BDL BDL

viii. Delta HCH µg/L 0.04 BDL BDL BDL

ix. p,p DDT µg/L 1 BDL BDL BDL

x. o,p DDT µg/L 1 BDL BDL BDL

xi. p,p DDE µg/L 1 BDL BDL BDL

xii. o,p DDE µg/L 1 BDL BDL BDL

xiii. p,p DDD µg/L 1 BDL BDL BDL

xiv. o,p DDD µg/L 1 BDL BDL BDL

xv. Alpha Endosulfan µg/L 0.4 BDL BDL BDL

xvi. Beta Endosulfan µg/L 0.4 BDL BDL BDL

xvii. EndosulfanSulphate µg/L 0.4 BDL BDL BDL

xviii. Y HCH (Lindane) µg/L 2.0 BDL BDL BDL





33. Zinc (as Zn) mg/L 5.0 BDL BDL BDL


35. Copper (as Cu) mg/L 0.05 BDL BDL BDL

36. Hexavalent Chromium (as

Cr6+) mg/L 1 BDL BDL BDL


Tarapur 32

Location

Ankush

Gharatwa

di

Dhodi

Pooja

Area

Lala

Vajpayee

Area


Date of Sampling 06.06.17 06.06.17 06.06.17

37. Total Chromium (as Cr) mg/L 0.05 BDL BDL BDL





42. Manganese (as Mn) mg/L 0.1 BDL BDL BDL

43. Iron (as Fe) mg/L 0.3 BDL BDL BDL

44. Vanadium (as V) mg/L BDL BDL BDL


46. Boron (as B) mg/L BDL BDL 4.02


survival 90 100 0

Dead after 24 h 1 0 10






Tarapur 33

Table II

Location Chiku

Wadi

Kumbhava

li Village

Salvad

Village

Type Bore Well Bore Well Bore Well

Date of Sampling 06.06.17 06.06.17 06.06.17

Sr. Parameter Std. Limit Results

1. Colour Hazen 5 1 1 1

2. Odour Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable

3. pH - 6.5-8.5 7.09 7.64 7.33

4. Oil & Grease mg/L 100 BDL BDL BDL

5. Suspended Solids mg/L 500 16 8 6

6. Chemical Oxygen

Demand mg/L

10 (WHO,

1993) 62 58 40


Demand (3 days,27oC) mg/L

6 (WHO,

1993) 22 20 14


(at 25oC )

μmhos/

cm 1000 4000 1910 1541

9. Nitrite Nitrogen (as N) mg/L BDL BDL BDL

10. Nitrate Nitrogen (as N) mg/L 45 6.21 2.42 4.19




14. Cyanide (as CN) mg/L BDL BDL BDL

15. Fluoride (as F) mg/L 1 0.28 0.34 0.08


17. Dissolved Phosphate (as

P) mg/L BDL BDL BDL


Tarapur 34

Location Chiku

Wadi

Kumbhava

li Village

Salvad

Village


Date of Sampling 06.06.17 06.06.17 06.06.17


18. Sodium Absorption Ratio 0.53 0.71 0.86

19. Total Coliforms

MPN

index/

100 mL

ND BDL BDL BDL


MPN

index/

100 mL

ND BDL BDL BDL

21. Total Phosphorous (as P) mg/L 0.5 BDL BDL BDL

22. Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen mg/L 0.001 BDL BDL BDL

23. Total Ammonia

(NH4+NH3)-Nitrogen mg/L 0.5 BDL BDL BDL


25. Surface Active Agents (as

MBAS) mg/L 0.05 BDL BDL BDL

26. Organo Chlorine

Pesticides µg/L

i. Alachlor µg/L BDL BDL BDL

ii. Atrazine µg/L 2 BDL BDL BDL



v Alpha HCH µg/L 0.01 BDL BDL BDL


vii. Delta HCH µg/L 0.04 BDL BDL BDL


Tarapur 35

Location Chiku

Wadi

Kumbhava

li Village

Salvad

Village


Date of Sampling 06.06.17 06.06.17 06.06.17


viii Chlorpyriphos BDL BDL BDL

viii. Butachlor µg/L 125 BDL BDL BDL

ix. p,p DDT µg/L 1 BDL BDL BDL

x. o,p DDT µg/L 1 BDL BDL BDL

xi. p,p DDE µg/L 1 BDL BDL BDL

xii. o,p DDE µg/L 1 BDL BDL BDL

xiii. p,p DDD µg/L 1 BDL BDL BDL

xiv. o,p DDD µg/L 1 BDL BDL BDL

xv. Alpha Endosulfan µg/L 0.4 BDL BDL BDL

xvi. Beta Endosulfan µg/L 0.4 BDL BDL BDL

xvii. Endosulfan Sulphate µg/L 0.4 BDL BDL BDL

xviii. Y HCH (Lindane) µg/L 2.0 BDL BDL BDL





33. Zinc (as Zn) mg/L 5.0 BDL BDL BDL


35. Copper (as Cu) mg/L 0.05 BDL BDL BDL

36. Hexavalent Chromium (as

Cr6+) mg/L 1 BDL BDL BDL


Tarapur 36

Location Chiku

Wadi

Kumbhava

li Village

Salvad

Village


Date of Sampling 06.06.17 06.06.17 06.06.17


37. Total Chromium (as Cr) mg/L 0.05 BDL BDL BDL





42. Manganese (as Mn) mg/L 0.1 0.803 BDL 0.189

43. Iron (as Fe) mg/L 0.3 BDL BDL BDL

44. Vanadium (as V) mg/L BDL BDL BDL


46. Boron (as B) mg/L 1.0-5.0 0.125 BDL BDL


survival 60 50 50






Tarapur 37

Graphs: Ground Water Monitoring Results:

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Ankush

Gharatwadi

Dhodi Pooja

Area

Lala

Vajpaye

Area

Chiku Wadi Kumbavali

Village

Salvad

Village

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

mg

/L)

Location

Tarapur Ground water

SS DO COD BOD TKN NO3 NO2+NO3-N

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Ankush

Gharatwadi

Dhodi Pooja

Area

Lala

Vajpaye

Area


Village

Salvad

Village

Location


Sodium Adsorption Ratio pH


Tarapur 38

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

Ankush

Gharatwadi

Dhodi Pooja

Area

Lala

Vajpaye

Area


Village

Salvad

Village

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

µm

ho

s/c

m)

Location


Electrical Conductivity

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Ankush Gharatwadi Dhodi Pooja Area Lala Vajpaye Area

MP

N I

nd

ex

/100

ml

Location


Total Coliforms Faecal Coliforms


Tarapur 39

4 Summary of the Results

Based on the study done, the results are summarised and concluded as follows:

4.1 Stack Emission Monitoring:

In Tarapur, seven different stacks were monitored at UPL, Plot No. E-51, Calyx Chemical

Ltd., Siyaram Silk Mills Ltd., M/s Angadpal industries Pvt. Ltd., Gini Silk Mills Ltd.,

Mandhana Industrial Ltd. (Shirting Unit), and Mandhana Industrial Ltd. (Dyeing Unit-

II). Results show that particulate matter as well as sulphur dioxide, both are below the

standard limits. All the values of Particulate matter are observed below standard limit. It

is ranged from 29 to 99 mg/Nm3 and sulphur dioxide in the range of 5.33 to

21.33mg/Nm3. However, the nitrogen dioxide is observed is observed with minimum

concentration 382mg/Nm3 at Mandhana Industrial Ltd. (Dyeing Unit- II) and maximum

at M/s Angadpal industries Pvt. Ltd (584mg/Nm3).

4.2 Ambient Air Monitoring:

At Tarapur, ambient air quality was monitored at six locations namely: UPL, Plot No. E-

51, Calyx Chemical Ltd., Sumitomo Chemical India Pvt. Ltd., Siyaram Silk Mills Ltd.,

Mandhana Industrial Ltd. (Shirting Unit), Mandhana Industrial Ltd. (Dyeing Unit- II). At

all these places 12 parameters of ambient air quality standards were monitored along

with Volatile Organic Compounds.

1) Suphur dioxide (SO2): All the results for SO2 are observed lower than the

standard limit of 80 µg/m3. It is observed below the detection limit (<4 µg/m3).

2) Nitrogen Dioxide (NOx): All the results for SO2 are observed lower than the

standard limit of 80 µg/m3. It is observed below the detection limit (<3 µg/m3).

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Ankush

Gharatwadi

Dhodi Pooja

Area


Village

Salvad Village

% S

urv

iva

l

Location


Bioassay Test on Fish


Tarapur 40

3) Particulate Matter (PM10): It is the most critical parameter as its higher

concentration in the air affects ecosystem health a lot. However, all the values of PM10

at all the locations are observed below the standard limit of 100µg/m3. Minimum of 42

µg/m3 is obtained at Sumitomo Chemical India Pvt. Ltd. and maximum of 95µg/m3 at

Calyx Chemical Ltd.

4) Particulate Matter (PM2.5): Concentration of PM2.5 also shows almost same

pattern as PM10. All the values are observed below the standard limit of 60 µg/m3. It is

observed in the range of 12 to 25µg/m3.

5) Ozone (O3): All values of O3 recorded below the detection limit i.e.19.8.

6) Lead (Pb): Lead is categorised as known human carcinogen by CPCB. In our

results, concentration of Lead is found below the standard limit.

7) Carbon Monoxide (CO): Values of Carbon Monoxide are also observed below

standard limit at all the studied locations. It is observed minimum at BDL at Mandhana

Industrial Ltd. (Shirting Unit)and 2.6µg/m3at Mandhana Industrial Ltd. (Dyeing Unit).

8) Ammonia (NH3):All values of O3 recorded below the detection limit.

9) Benzene: Benzene falls under group C category, which includes known

carcinogens. Study shows that all the locations has BDL i.e. <1µg/m3benzene

concentration i.e. below the standard limit (5µg/m3).

10) Benzo (a) Pyrene (BaP): All values recorded below the detection limit i.e.

<0.2.

11) Arsenic: Arsenic values are also observed well below the detection limit i.e.

<0.3.

12) Nickel: All the values are observed below the standard limit of 20ng/m3.

4.3 Waste Water Quality:

Six samples of ETP outlet and inlet were collected from different industries namely (i)

UPL Plot No. E-51 (ii) Calyx Chemical Ltd.(iii) Siyaram Silk Mills Ltd. (iv) Navapur

Discharge (CETP Discharge) (iv) CETP Tarapur MIDC(outlet) (v) CETP Tarapur

MIDC(Inlet).

1) pH: At all the locations, pH of water samples is found well within the range

prescribed by CPCB. It is ranged from 6.32 to 7.42.

2) Oil and Grease: All values within the acceptable range.

3) Suspended Solids: Except Navapur Discharge (200), CETP outlet (200mg/L) and

CETP inlet(210mg/L), remaining three samples of different locations are found within the

acceptable limits.

4) Chemical Oxygen Demand: Chemical Oxygen Demand is found above the

standards of 250mg/L at three locations ranging from 892 to 3472mg/L.

5) Biochemical Oxygen Demand: Biochemical Oxygen demand also exhibits the

same picture as COD. This is recorded highest (1133mg/L) at CETP inlet and minimum at

Siyaram Silk Mills Ltd. (7mg/L).


Tarapur 41

6) Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen: CETP inlet (224mg/L) and Navapur CETP Discharge

(140mg/L), all four exhibit value of TKN beyond standard limit (100mg/L).

7) Total Ammonia: Out of all values of four samples exhibit above standard limit in

the range of 7.6 to 24.5 mg/L.

8) Metals: All metals like Arsenic, Nickel, Copper, Hexavalent Chromium (Cr6+) are

observed either below detection limit or below their standard limits. However, Iron

concentration is observed high at 3 locations namely UPL (4.53mg/L), Navapur

Discharge (5.49mg/L) and CETP Inlet (5.62mg/L).

9) Fish Bioassay: Fish bioassay exhibits 0-100% survival. CETP inlet and Navapur

village, these 2 water samples has NIL (0%) survival.

Following parameters meet the criteria as prescribed by CPCB.

1) Total Residual Chlorine

2) Cyanide

3) Fluoride

4) Sulphide

5) Dissolved Phosphate

6) Total Ammonical Nitrogen

7) Phenolic compounds

4.4 Ground Water Quality:

Six Borewell samples were collected from different locations namely: (i) Ankush

Gharatwadi (ii) Dhodi Pooja Area (3) Lala Vajpayee (iv) Chiku Wadi (v) Kumbhavali

Village (vi) Salvad Village.

1) Colour (Hazen Units): Colour units are below the acceptable standard.

2) Odour of the sample is agreeable.

3) pH: At all the locations, pH of water samples is found well within the range

prescribed by CPCB. It is ranged from 7.09 to 7.84.

4) Chemical Oxygen Demand: All the samples were detected above standard

limits of 10mg/L set by WHO. It is ranged from 28 to 62mg/L.

5) Biological Oxygen Demand: BOD samples also followed the similar pattern as

COD samples. All the samples are detected above the standard limit of 6mg/L (WHO,

1993). It is ranged from 9.6 to 22mg/L.

Following are the parameters which are compared with 10500:2012 Drinking water

specifications.

1) Nitrite: Values of Nitrite are at below detection level.

2) Nitrate: Nitrate value ranged between 1.05 mg/L and 6.21mg/L. Nitrate

concentrations are below the acceptable standards of IS 10500:2012.

3) Residual Free Chlorine: Values are below the acceptable standards.

4) Total Ammonia: is within the acceptable range.


Tarapur 42

5) Cyanide: Concentration of cyanide in all the bore well water is very much below

the standard.

6) Fluoride:All the values are observed below standard limit. It is ranged from 0.08

to 0.52mg/L.

7) Sulphide: Analytical values are below the detection limits and below the

standards.

8) Sodium Absorption Ratio: These values fit within range of water quality criteria

of CPCB.

9) Electrical Conductivity: As per the water quality criteria of CPCB, water

samples exceed the limit of electrical conductivity at all the locations except Dhodi Pooja

Pooja area.

10) Boron: Chikkuwadi bore well water exceeds the limit showing the concentration

of 1.09mg/L.

11) Metals: Metals like Copper, Total Chromium, Lead, Arsenic, Cadmium and

Mercury are well within the acceptable limits of drinking water standards.

12) PAH & PCB are also below the acceptable limits.

5 CEPI Score:

Comprehensive Environmental Pollution Index (CEPI) is intended to act as early

warning tool which helps in categorization of industrial clusters/areas in terms of

priority of needing attention.

CPCB had evolved certain methodology to calculate CEPI, in which a score has

been fixed for different environmental components based on the level of pollution.

The scoring system involves an algorithm that takes into account the basic

selection criteria. This approach is based on the basic hazard assessment logic that

can be summarized as below.

Hazard = pollutant source, pathways, and receptor

CPCB has calculated CEPI for the identified critically polluted industrial clusters. It

is calculated separately for air, water, and land. The basic framework and scoring

system of the CEPI – based on three factors namely pollutant, pathway, and

receptor – has been described further under this section

To overcome the subjectivity, revised concept is proposed by eliminating the

subjective factors as described in the previous section, but retaining the factors

which can be measured precisely.

i. Revised concept is prepared by eliminating the debatable factors but retaining the

factors which can be measured precisely.

ii. It is decided to develop the Comprehensive Environmental Pollution Index (CEPI)

retaining the existing algorithm of Source, Pathway and Receptor.

iii. Health component was also retained in the revised concept in line with the

suggestions of Secretary, MoEFCC during the meeting held in MoEF.

Outlines of revised CEPI 2016 criteria

The outlines of the revised CEPI criteria are as follows:


Tarapur 43

1. It is proposed to develop the Comprehensive Environmental Pollution Index (CEPI)

based on Sources of pollution, real time observed values of the pollutants in the

ambient air, surface water and ground water in & around the industrial cluster and

health related statistics.

2. For assessment of the environmental quality of the area i.e. CEPI score, the concept

of SNLF i.e. a surrogate number which represents the level of exposure (a function of

percentage sample exceedance & Exceedance Factor) shall be used.

3. Health component to be evaluated based on the health data available from major

hospitals in the area was also retained in the revised concept.

4. The evaluation criterion of the revised CEPI version 2016 is described in the flowchart

given below:


Tarapur 44

Here, health data collected for Receptor score C is included in Annexure I

Based on Sub-index Score (score of individual environmental component like air,

water etc.):

Score more than 63: A Critical Level of Pollution in the respective

level of environmental component

Score between 51-63: Severe to critical level of pollution with

reference to respective environmental

component

Cut-off Score

Score 50: Severely Polluted Industrial Clusters/areas

Score 60: Critically Polluted Industrial Clusters/areas

Based on Aggregated CEPI Score (score includes sub-index score of all individual

environmental components together):

Aggregated CEPI score >70: Critically polluted areas

Aggregated CEPI score between 60-70: Severely polluted areas

Since the inception of the programme, MPCB has also formulated Action Plans to

mitigate the environmental pollution problems for each of the 8 Critically Polluted

Areas (CPAs) in Maharashtra. Based on available information, parameters selected

and monitored in continuation with this, CEPI has been calculated and Short-Term

Action Plan (STAP) as well as Long Term Action Plan (LTAP) was prepared in 2010.


Tarapur 45

Subsequently NAAQS 2009 came in force. List of parameters to be considered

increased and expanded including more critical and hazardous pollutants like benzene,

BaP, Metals, etc. existing in the environment. There was revision of standards

(limiting values) as well. In this present report of 2016 prepared by MPCB, CEPI is

calculated considering all these revised standards’ limiting values, list of parameters

and complete scope of monitoring.

The result shows that CEPI score of present report is 53.72. This is quite than the CEPI

score of February, 2017 study (67.67).

Results show that, MPCB’s efforts through the formulation of action plans decreased the

overall concentration of pollutants in all aspects i.e. air, land and water in Tarapur area

in past three years. This has also resulted in decreased score of CEPI now.

Comparison of CEPI scores of 2013 and 2017 reports:

Results show that present CEPI score (53.72) of Tarapur city considering all revised

standards and parameters has decreased a lot if compared with the CEPI Score of

February, 2017 (67.67) report. This clearly indicates the successful application of STAP

and LTAP of MPCB which resulted in a cleaner environment of Tarapur city in past three

years.

Detailed results of Air, Water and Land are given below:

Air:

A1 A2 A B1 B2 B3 B C1 C2 C3 C D CEPI

Present Report 2017 (Revised CEPI 2016)

2.5 4 10 - - - 0 - - - 0 10 20

CEPI Score, February, 2017

2 5 10 6 3 3 12 3 3 5 14 10 46

CEPI Score, 2016 4 5 20 6 3 3 12 3 3 5 14 10 56

CEPI score 2013 (considering all revised standards, scope and limiting values of 2013)

6 5 30 8 3 3 14 3 5 5 20 10 74

CPCB Report 2009

5.75 5.0 28.75 2.0 3 3 8 3 3 5 14 10 60.75


Tarapur 46

Water:



3.5 4 14 - - - 20 - - - 0 15 49


1 5 5 8 3 3 14 5 5 0 25 15 59

CEPI Score, 2016

1 5 5 8 0 3 11 3 5 0 15 15 46


4 5 20 8 0 3 11 3 3.75 0 11.25 15 57.25

CPCB Report 2009

3 5 15 8 0 3 11 3 5 0 15 15 56

Land:



3.5 4 14 - - - 17.25 - - - 0 15 46.25


1 5 5 8 0 3 11 3 5 0 15 15 46

CEPI Score, 2016

1 5 5 6 3 3 12 5 3 0 15 15 47


4 5 20 8 3 3 14 5 5 0 25 15 74

CPCB Report 2009

3 5 15 7.75 3 3 13.75 5 1.5 0 7.5 15 51.25


Tarapur 47

Aggregated CEPI:

Air index Water Index Land Index CEPI

Present Report

2017 (Revised

CEPI 2016)

20 49 46.25 53.72

CEPI Score,

February, 2017 46 59 46 67.67

CEPI Score,

2016 56 46 47 65.51

CEPI score

2013

(considering all

revised

standards,

scope and

limiting values

of 2013)

74 57.25 74 85.01

CPCB Report

2009 60.75 51.25 56 72.01


Tarapur 48

6 Conclusions

This is an attempt to check the characteristics and status of environment among the

different industrial clusters of Tarapur city. Revised CEPI version 2016 includes 2 major

modifications in terms of evaluation of data: (1) It includes Contribution of primary as

well as secondary pollutants under Factor B (Max Value 50) and (2) Exhaustive collection

of health data of people residing in the vicinity of industrial clusters under study, Factor

C (Max Value 10). This has changed the entire criteria of calculating CEPI as compared

to the previous CEPI version and hence affected the overall CEPI score also. It shows

that the concentration of pollutants in air, ground water and surface water is lowered

down as compared to past studies, as most of the results are observed below their

standards with an exception of one or two parameters.

Parameters of air sampling are observed within the standard limit all the sampling

locations. Among waste water samples, BOD and COD of CETP Inlet, CETP outlet and

Navapur Discharge samples are found beyond standard limit. Nitrate and nitrogen are

also observed higher in these samples. All the ground water samples are found within

the limits except BOD and COD of all the water samples, which are observed above

standard limits.

Moreover, the lower value (53.72) of Comprehensive Environmental Pollution Index

(CEPI) in the present study as compared to past few years study also reveals the fact

that the environmental pollution in this city is substantially decreased over the period of

times. To achieve this target, improvement in conventional practice and procedures

adopted by the industries coupled with initiatives taken by Maharashtra Pollution Control

Board played a major role. Although, a decrease in environmental pollution is observed,

but still there is lot of scope to improve the environmental quality of the city, for which

continuous efforts, strategies, planning and actions are required. Overall CEPI figures are

comprised in the table below:

A1 A2 A B C D CEPI

Air Index 2.5 4 10 0 0 10 20

Water

Index 3.5 4 14 20 0 15 49

Land Index 3.5 4 14 17.25 0 15 46.25

Aggregated CEPI 53.72


Tarapur 49

7 Efforts Taken For the Abatement and Control of Pollution

The regional office of Maharashtra pollution control board has taken various initiatives in

reducing the CEPI Score of 67.67 of February, 2017 to 53.2. Below mentioned are some

of the efforts:

a) Expansion of TEPS-CETP from existing 25 MLD to 37 MLD

b) Due to various measures taken by the industries solvent recovery improved. And

following industries has taken measures

M/s. Arti Drugs Ltd, Plot No. N-198, MIDCTarapur, Tal.Palghar.This industry has

developed new technology for the recovery of ammonium sulphate 2000 Mt/month by

unit operation like evaporation, crystallization. Earlier the same was treated in their ETP.

M/s Camlin Fine Chemicals. Ltd., Plot No. D,MIDC Tarapur has segregated of high

COD stream.

M/s. Arti Industries Ltd., Plot No E-50, has installed zero discharge plant such as

incineration high COD.

M/s Lupin Limited Plt No. T-142 MIDC, Tarapur has provided Anaerobic Digestor

for segregated effluents.

c) Board has informed CHWTSDF to increase the frequency of collecting of HW and

its transportation.

d) MIDC is carrying out massive tree plantation program on empty/ reserved plots,

and on boundary of MIDC. 4500 nos of trees have been distributed by MIDC to TIMA.

e) Replacement of RCC drainage by HDPE within MIDC area.

f) Five nos of industries has started and recycling 50 % of their treated effluent i.e

1604.5 CMD • 7 No. of Textile industries has provided zero discharge system and

recycling about 2434 CMD


Tarapur 50

8. Photographs

Calyx Chemicals Ltd. - Ambient Air Monitoring

Mandhana Industries Ltd. – Ambient Air Monitoring


Tarapur 51

Siyaram Silk Mills - Ambient Air Monitoring

UPL – Ambient Air Monitoring


Tarapur 52

Sumitomo Chemical India Ltd. – Ambient Air Monitoring

Ankush Gharatwadi – Groundwater Monitoring


Tarapur 53

Chikuwadi – Ground Water Monitoring

Dhodi Pooja Area – Ground water Monitoring


Tarapur 54

Salvad Village - Ground water Monitoring

UPL –Waste Water Monitoring


Tarapur 55

Siyaram Silk Mills - Waste Water Monitoring

Navapur Discharge – Waste Water Sampling


Tarapur 56

CETP Inlet – Waste Water Sampling

DhodiPooja – Ground Water Sampling


Tarapur 57

CETP Outlet – Waste Water Sampling

Calyx Chemicals Ltd. – Waste Water Sampling


Tarapur 58

9. References

1. Criteria for Comprehensive Environmental Assessment of Industrial Clusters,

December 2009,CPCB, EIAS/4/2009-10

2. Comprehensive Environmental Assessment of Industrial Clusters, December

2009,CPCB, EIAS/5/2009-10

3. Action Plan for Industrial Cluster:Chandrapur,November 2010,MPCB

4. Action Plan for Industrial Cluster:Dombivali,November 2010,MPCB

5. Action Plan for Industrial Cluster:Aurangabad,November 2010,MPCB

6. Action Plan for Industrial Cluster:NaviMumbai,November 2010,MPCB

7. Action Plan for Industrial Cluster:Tarapur,November 2010,MPCB

8. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste Water,American Public

Health Association, 22nd Edition, 2012.

9. IS 3025 (various parts)

10. www.mpcb.gov.in

11. www.cpcb.gov.in

http://www.mpcb.gov.in/

http://www.cpcb.gov.in/


Tarapur 59

10. Annexures

Annexure I Health related data in impact on humans

C: Receptor

Component C

(Impact on Human Health)

10

Main - 10

% increase in cases Marks

<5% 0

5-10% 5

>10% 10

% increase is evaluated based on the total no. of cases recorded during two consecutive

years.

For Air Environment, total no. of cases related to Asthma, Bronchitis, Cancer, Acute

respiratory infections etc. are to be considered.

For surface water/ ground water Environment, cases related to Gastroenteritis,

Diarrhoea, renal (kidney) malfunction, cancer etc are to be considered.

For the above evaluation, the previous 5 years records of 3-5 major hospitals of the area

shall be considered.

Attached below health data collected for the region


Tarapur 60


Tarapur 61


Tarapur 62

Annexure II: Stack Emission Sampling and Analysis Methodology

Sr. Parameters Method

References Techniques

Detection

Limit

1.

Acid Mist

(as Sulphuric

Acid)

US EPA Method

no.m-8

Barium thorine titration

Method 0.6 mg/Nm3

2. Ammonia

IS 11255 (Part

6):1999,

Reaffirmed 2003

Titration/Nessler

Reagent /

Spectrophotometric

Method

1 mg/Nm3

3. Carbon Monoxide USEPA Method 10B GC-FID Method 0.2 mg/Nm3

4. Chlorine US EPA Method 26

for sampling Titrimetric 0.001 mg/Nm3

5. Fluoride

(Gaseous)

US EPA Method 13

A

SPADNS Zirconium

Lake

Spectrophotometric

Method

0.025 mg/Nm3

6. Fluoride

(Particulate)

US EPA Method 13

A

SPADNS Zirconium

Lake

Spectrophotometric

Method

0.005 mg/Nm3

7. Hydrogen

Chloride

US EPA Method 26

for sampling Titrimetric 0.25 mg/Nm3

8. Hydrogen

Sulphide

IS 11255 (Part

4):1985 Titrimetric 1 mg/Nm3

9. Oxides of

Nitrogen

IS 11255 (Part 7):

2005

PDSA Colorimetric

Method 10 mg/Nm3

10. Oxygen IS 13270 : 1992 ORSAT Apparatus 1 %

11.

Poly Aromatic

Hydrocarbons

(Particulate)

IS 5182 (Part 12) :

2004, Reaffirmed

2009

CPCB Guidelines,

May 2011, Page

No.39

GC-FID Method 0.25 mg/Nm3

12.

Suspended

Particulate

Matter

IS 11255 (Part

1):1985,

Reaffirmed 2003

Gravimetric Method 10 mg/Nm3

13. Sulphur Dioxide

IS 11255 (Part 2):

1985, Reaffirmed

2003

Titrimetric IPA thorine

Method

5.0mg/Nm3

0.02kg/day


Tarapur 63

Sr. Parameters Method

References Techniques

Detection

Limit

14. BTX (Benzene,

Toluene, Xylene)

NIOSH (NMAM)

1501

Adsorption and

Desorption followed by

GC-FID analysis

0.001 mg/Nm3

15.

VOC (Volatile

Organic

Compounds)

NIOSH (NMAM)

1501 for sampling

Adsorption and

Desorption followed by

GC-FID or GC/MS

analysis

-

i

Methyl Isobutyl

Ketone - - 0.001 mg/Nm3

ii Benzene - - 0.001 mg/Nm3

iii Toluene - - 0.001 mg/Nm3

iv Xylene - - 0.001 mg/Nm3

v Ethyl Benzene - - 0.001 mg/Nm3

vi Ethyl Acetate - - 0.001 mg/Nm3


Tarapur 64

Annexure III: Ambient Air Sampling and Analysis Methodology

Sr. Parameters Method References Techniques Detection

Limit

1. Sulphur Dioxide

(SO2)

CPCB Guidelines for the

Measurement of Ambient

Air Pollutants, Volume I,

May 2011, Page No.1

Improved West &

Gaeke Method 4 µg/m3

2. Nitrogen Dioxide

(NO2)




May 2011, Page No.7

Modified Jacob &

Hochheiser

Method

3 µg/m3

3.

Particulate Matter

(size less than 10

µm) or PM10



Air Pollutants,Volume I,

May 2011, Page No.11

Gravimetric

Method 2 µg/m3

4.

Particulate Matter

(size less than 2.5

µm) or PM2.5




May 2011, Page No. 15

Gravimetric

Method 0.4 µg/m3

5. Ozone (O3) APHA, Method No. 820,

Page no. 836 Chemical Method 19.6 µg/m3

6. Lead (Pb)





AAS Method 0.02 µg/m3

7. Carbon Monoxide

(CO)



Air Pollutants, Volume II,


Non Dispersive

Infra Red (NDIR)

spectroscopy

0.05 mg/m3

8. Ammonia (NH3)





Indophenol Blue

Method 4.0µg/m3

9. Benzene (C6H6) IS 5182 (Part 11):2006

Adsorption and

Desorption

followed by GC-

FID analysis

1.0 µg/m3

10.

Benzo (a) Pyrene

(BaP) –

particulate phase

only,





Solvent

extraction

followed by GC-

FID analysis

0.2 ng/m3

11. Arsenic (As) CPCB Guidelines for the



AAS Method 0.3ng/m3


Tarapur 65

Sr. Parameters Method References Techniques Detection

Limit


12. Nickel (Ni)





AAS Method 3.0ng/m3


Tarapur 66

Annexure IV: Water/Wastewater Sampling and Analysis Methodology

Sr. Parameters Methods References Techniques Detection

Limit

1.

Sampling

Procedure for

Chemical

Parameters

IS 3025 (Part 1): 1987,

Reaffirmed 1998,

Amds.1& APHA, 22nd

Ed., 2012, 1060 B, 1-39

- -

2.

Sampling

Procedure for

Microbiological

Parameters

APHA, 22nd Ed.,

2012,1060 B, 1-39,

9040, 9-17, and 9060B,

9-35

- -

3. Temperature APHA, 22nd Ed., 2012,

2550-B, 2-69 By Thermometer -

4. Colour APHA, 22nd Ed., 2012 ,

2120-B, 2-26

Visible

Comparison

Method

1 Hazen Unit

5. Odour IS 3025 (Part 5): 1983,

Reaffirmed 2006

Qualitative

Method -

6. pH APHA, 22nd Ed., 2012,

4500-H+- B, 4-92 By pH Meter 1

7. Oil & Grease APHA, 22nd Ed., 2012,

5520-B, 5-40

Liquid -liquid

Partition-

Gravimetric

Method

1.0 mg/L

8. Suspended Solids

IS 3025( Part 17):

1984, Reaffirmed

2006,Amds.1

Filtration

/Gravimetric

Method

5.0 mg/L

9. Dissolved Oxygen IS 3025( Part 38):

1989, Reaffirmed 2009

Iodometric

Method-Azide

modification

0.05 mg/L

10. Chemical Oxygen

Demand

APHA,22nd Ed., 2012 ,

5220-B, 5-17

Open Reflux

Method 5.0 mg/L

11. Biochemical

Oxygen Demand

IS 3025( Part 44):

1993,Reaffirmed

2009,Amds.1

Iodometric

Method 5.0 mg/L

12. Electrical

Conductivity

APHA, 22nd Ed., 2012,

2510- B, 2-54

By Conductivity

Meter 0.1 µmho/cm

13. Nitrite-Nitrogen APHA, 22nd Ed., 2012,

4500-NO2-B, 4-120

Colorimetric

Method 0.006 mg/L

14. Nitrate-Nitrogen APHA,22nd Ed.,2012

,4500-NO3,B-4-122

UV

Spectrophotomet

er Screening

0.2 mg/L


Tarapur 67


Limit

Method

15. (NO2 + NO3)-

Nitrogen

APHA, 22nd Ed., 2012,

4500-NO2-B, 4-120

APHA,22nd

Ed.,2012,4500-NO3,B-4-

122

Colorimetric

Method

UV

Spectrophotomet

er Screening

Method

0.2 mg/L

16. Free Ammonia APHA, 22nd Ed., 2012 ,

4500 NH3, F, 4 -115

Colorimetric

Method 0.006 mg/L

17. Total Residual

Chlorine

IS 3025 (Part 26) :1986

, Reaffirmed 2009, Ed.

2.1(2004-02)

Iodometric

Method 0.1 mg/L

18. Cyanide (CN)

APHA, 22nd Ed., 2012

,4500-CN, C & E, 4-41 &

4-43

Colorimetric

Method 0.001 mg/L

19. Fluoride (F) APHA, 22nd Ed., 2012,

4500-F-, D, 4-87

SPADNS Method

0.05 mg/L

20. Sulphide (S2-)

APHA, 22nd Ed., 2012,

4500 –S2 , C-4-175, F-

4-178

IodometricMethod 0.08 mg/L

21. Dissolved

Phosphate (P)

APHA,22nd Ed., 2012 ,

4500 P,E, 4-155

Ascorbic Acid

Method 0.03 mg/L

22. Sodium

Absorption Ratio

IS11624 :1986,

Reaffirmed 2006 By Calculation 0.3

23. Total Phosphorous

(P)

APHA,22nd Ed., 2012 ,

4500 P,E, 4-155

Ascorbic Acid

Method 0.03 mg/L

24. Total Kjeldahl

Nitrogen

APHA, 22nd Ed., 2012,

4500 NH3, B & C, 4 -

110, 4-112

Titrimetric

Method 0.1 mg/L

25.

Total Ammonia

(NH4 +NH3)-

Nitrogen

APHA,22d Ed., 2012 ,

4500 NH3, F, 4 -115

Colorimetric

Method 0.001 mg/L

26. Phenols (C6H5OH)

APHA,22nd Ed., 2012 ,

5530- B & C, 5-44 & 5-

47

Chloroform

Extraction Method 0.001 mg/L


Tarapur 68


Limit

27. Surface Active

Agents

APHA,22nd Ed., 2012 ,

5540-B & C,5-50

Methylene Blue

Extraction Method 0.1 mg/L

28. Organo Chlorine

Pesticides

APHA, 22nd Ed.,

2012,6410B,6-74

GC MS-MS

Method 0.01 µg/L

29.

Polynuclear

aromatic

hydrocarbons

(PAH)

APHA, 22nd Ed.,

2012,6410B,6-74

GC MS-MS

Method 0.01 µg/L

30. Polychlorinated

Biphenyls (PCB)

APHA, 22nd Ed.,

2012,6410B,6-74

GC MS-MS

Method 0.01 µg/L

31. Zinc (Zn) IS 3025(Part 2): 2004 ICP Method 0.1 mg/L

32. Nickel (Ni) IS 3025(Part 2): 2004 ICP Method 0.05 mg/L

33. Copper (Cu) IS 3025(Part 2): 2004 ICP Method 0.03 mg/L

34. Hexavalent

Chromium (Cr6+)

APHA, 22ndEd.,

2012,3500-Cr,B,3-69

Colorimetric

Method 0.02 mg/L

35. Total Chromium

(Cr) IS 3025(Part 2): 2004 ICP Method 0.02 mg/L

36. Total Arsenic (As) IS 3025(Part 2): 2004 ICP Method 0.005 mg/L

37. Lead (Pb) IS 3025(Part 2): 2004 ICP Method 0.008 mg/L

38. Cadmium (Cd) IS 3025(Part 2): 2004 ICP Method 0.002 mg/L

39. Mercury (Hg) IS 3025(Part 2): 2004 ICP Method 0.0008 mg/L

40. Manganese (Mn) IS 3025(Part 2): 2004 ICP Method 0.02 mg/L

41. Iron (Fe) IS 3025(Part 2): 2004 ICP Method 0.06 mg/L

42. Vanadium (V) IS 3025(Part 2): 2004 ICP Method 0.05 mg/L

43. Selenium (Se) IS 3025(Part 2): 2004 ICP Method 0.005 mg/L

44. Boron (B) IS 3025(Part 2): 2004 ICP Method 0.1 mg/L

45. Total Coliforms APHA, 22nd Ed.,

2012,9221-B, 9-66

Multiple tube

fermentation

technique

(MPN/100ml)

1.1

MPN/100ml


Tarapur 69


Limit

46. Faecal Coliforms APHA, 22nd Ed.,

2012,9221-E, 9-74

Multiple tube

fermentation

technique

(MPN/100ml)

1.1

MPN/100ml

47. Bioassay (Zebra

Fish) Test

IS 6582, 1971,

Reaffirmed 1987 Static Technique -


Tarapur 70

Annexure V: National Ambient Air Quality Standards, 2009


Tarapur 71

Annexure VI: General Standards for Discharge of Environmental Pollutants,

Part A: Effluents (The Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986, Schedule VI)

Sr. Parameter

Standards

Inland

surface

Water

Public

Sewers

Land for

Irrigation

Marine

Coastal Areas

1. Colour and Odour See Note 1 -- See Note I See Note 1

2. Suspended

solids, mg/L,

Max.

100 600 200 a. For process

waste water -

100

b. For cooling

water effluent-

10 percent

above total

suspended

mailer of

influent cooling

water.

3. Particle size of

suspended solids

Shall pass 850

micron IS

Sieve

a. Floatable

solids, Max 3

mm

b. Settleable

solids Max 850

microns

4. Dissolved solids

(Inorganic),

mg/L, Max.

2100 2100 2100 --

5. pH value 5.5 -9.0 5.5 -9.0 5.5 -9.0 5.5-9.0

6.

Temperature °C,

Max

Shall not

exceed 40 in

any section of

the stream

within 15 mts.

Downstream

from the

effluent outlet

45 at the point

of discharge

-- 45 at the point

of discharge

7. Oil and Grease,

mg/L, Max

10 20 10 20


Tarapur 72

Sr. Parameter

Standards

Inland

surface

Water

Public

Sewers

Land for

Irrigation

Marine

Coastal Areas

8., Total Residual

chlorine, mg/L,

Max

1.0 -- -- 1.0

9. Ammonical

Nitrogen (as N),

mg/L, Max

50 50 -- 50

10. Total Kjeldahl

Nitrogen (as N),

mg/L, Max.

100 -- -- 100

11. Free Ammonia

(as NH3), mg/L,

Max

5.0 -- -- 5.0

12. Biochemical

oxygen demand

(5 days, at 20° c)

mg/L, Max

30 350 100 100

13. Chemical oxygen

demand, mg/L,

Max

250 -- -- 250

14. Arsenic (as As),

mg/l, Max

0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

15. Mercury (as Hg).

Mg/L, Max

0.01 0.01 -- 0.01

16. Lead (as Pb),

mg/L, Max

0.1 1.0 - 1.0

17. Cadmium (as

Cd), mg/L,

2.0 1.0 -- 2.0

18. Hexavalent

Chromium (as

Cr+6) mg/L, Max

.1 2.0 -- 1.0

19. Total Chromium

(as Cr), mg/L,

Max

2.0 2.0 -- 2.0


Tarapur 73

Sr. Parameter

Standards

Inland

surface

Water

Public

Sewers

Land for

Irrigation

Marine

Coastal Areas

20. Copper (as Cu),

mg/L, Max.

3.0 3.0 -- 3.0

21. Zinc (as Zn),

mg/L, Max.

5.0 15 0-- 15

22 Selenium (as

Se), mg/l, Max.

0.05 0.05 -- 0.05

23 Nickel (as Ni),

mg/l, Max.

3.0 3.0 -- 5.0

24 Boron (as B),

mg/l, Max.

2.0 2.0 2.0 --

25. Percent Sodium,

Max.

-- 60 60 --

26. Residual Sodium

carbonate, mg/l,

Max.

-- -- 5.0 --

27. Cyanide (as Cn),

mg/L, Max.

0.2 2.0 0.2 0.2

28. Chloride (as Cl),

mg/L, Max.

1000 1000 600 --

29. Fluoride (as F),

mg/IL, Max.

2.0 15 -- 15

30. Dissolved

Phosphate (as P),

mg/L, Max.

5.0 -- -- --

31. Sulphate (as

SO4), mg/L, Max.

1000 1000 1000 --

32. Sulphide (as S),

mg/L, Max.

2.0 -- -- 5.0

33. Pesticides Absent Absent Absent Absent


Tarapur 74

Sr. Parameter

Standards

Inland

surface

Water

Public

Sewers

Land for

Irrigation

Marine

Coastal Areas

34. Phenolic

compounds (as

C6H5OH), mg/L,

Max.

1.0 5.0 -- 5.0

35. Radioactive

materials:

a. Alpha emitters

MC/ml., Max.

10-7 10-7 10-8 10-7

b. Beta emitters

µc/ml., Max

10-6 10-6 10-7 10-6


Tarapur 75

Annexure VII: Drinking Water Specification-IS 10500:2012

Sr. Characteristic Unit

Requirement

(Acceptable

Limit)

Permissible

Limit in the

Absence of

Alternate

Source

Table

1

Organoleptic and Physical

Parameters

1. Colour Hazen

units

Max 5 Max 15

2. Odour - Agreeable Agreeable

3. pH value - 6.5-8.5 No relaxation

4. Taste - Agreeable Agreeable

5. Turbidity NTU Max 1 Max 5

6. Total dissolved solids mg/L Max 500 Max 2000

Table

2

General parameters concerning

substances undesirable in

excessive amounts

7. Aluminium (as Al) mg/L Max 0.03 Max 0.2

8. Ammonia (as total ammonia- N) mg/L Max 0.5 No relaxation

9. Anionic detergents (as MBAS) mg/L Max 0.2 Max 1.0

10. Barium (as Ba) mg/L Max 0.7 No relaxation

11. Boron (as B) mg/L Max 0.5 Max 1.0

12. Calcium (as Ca) mg/L Max 75 Max 200

13. Chloramines (as C12) mg/L Max 4.0 No relaxation

14. Chlorides (as Cl) mg/L Max 250 Max 1000

15. Copper (as Cu) mg/L Max 0.05 Max 1.5

16. Fluoride (as F) mg/L Max 1.0 Max 1.5


Tarapur 76


Requirement

(Acceptable

Limit)

Permissible

Limit in the

Absence of

Alternate

Source

17. Free residual chlorine mg/L Min 0.2 Min 1

18. Iron (as Fe) mg/L Max 0.3 No relaxation

19. Magnesium (as Mg) mg/L Max 30 Max100

20. Manganese (as Mn) mg/L Max 0.1 Max 0.3

21. Mineral Oil mg/L Max 0.5 No relaxation

22. Nitrate (as NO3) mg/L Max 45 No relaxation

23. Phenolic compounds (as C6H5OH) mg/L Max 0.001 Max 0.002

24. Selenium (as Se) mg/L Max 0.01 No relaxation

25. Silver (as Ag) mg/L Max 0.1 No relaxation

26. Sulphate (as SO4) mg/L Max 200 Max 400

27. Sulphide (as H2S) mg/L Max 0.05 No relaxation

28. Total Alkalinity as calcium carbonate mg/L Max 200 Max600

29. Total hardness (as CaCO3) mg/L Max 200 Max 600

30. Zinc (as Zn) mg/L Max 5 Max15

Table

3

Parameters Concerning Toxic

Substances

31. Cadmium (asCd) mg/L Max 0.003 No relaxation

32. Cyanide (asCN) mg/L Max 0.05 No relaxation

33. Lead (as Pb) mg/L Max 0.01 No relaxation

34. Mercury (asHg) mg/L Max 0.001 No relaxation

35. Molybdenum (as Mo) mg/L Max 0.07 No relaxation

36. Nickel (as Ni) mg/L Max 0.02 No relaxation


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Requirement

(Acceptable

Limit)

Permissible

Limit in the

Absence of

Alternate

Source

37. Pesticides mg/L See Table 5 No relaxation

38. Polychlorinatedbiphenyls mg/L Max 0.0005 No relaxation

39. Poly nuclear aromatic Hydrocarbons (as

PAH)

mg/L Max 0.0001 No relaxation

40. Total Arsenic(as As) mg/L Max 0.01 Max0.05

41. Total Chromium (as Cr) mg/L Max 0.05 No relaxation

42. Trihalomethanes

a) Bromoform mg/L Max 0.1 No relaxation

b) DibromochloroMethane mg/L Max 0.1 No relaxation

c) Bromodichloromethane mg/L Max 0.06 No relaxation

d) Chloroform mg/L Max 0.2 No relaxation

Table

4

Parameters Concerning Radioactive

Substances

43. Radioactive Materials

a) Alpha emitters Bq/L Max 0.1 No relaxation

b) Beta emitters Bq/L Max 1.0 No relaxation

Table

5

Pesticide Residues Limits and Test

Method

i) Alachor μg/L 20 No relaxation

ii) Atrazine μg/L 2 No relaxation

iii) Aldrin/ Dieldrin μg/L 0.03 No relaxation

iv) Alpha HCH μg/L 0.01 No relaxation

v) Beta HCH μg/L 0.04 No relaxation


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Requirement

(Acceptable

Limit)

Permissible

Limit in the

Absence of

Alternate

Source

vi) Butachlor μg/L 125 No relaxation

vii) Chlorpyriphos μg/L 30 No relaxation

viii) Delta HCH μg/L 0.04 No relaxation

ix) 2,4- Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid μg/L 30 No relaxation

x) DDT (o,p&p,p — Isomers of DDT, DDE

and DDD)

μg/L 1 No relaxation

xi) Endosulfan (α,β & sulphate) μg/L 0.4 No relaxation

xii) Ethion μg/L 3 No relaxation

xiii) Gamma - HCH (Lindane) μg/L 2 No relaxation

xiv) Isoproturon μg/L 9 No relaxation

xv) Malathion μg/L 190 No relaxation

xvi) Methyl parathion μg/L 0.3 No relaxation

xvii) Monocrotophos μg/L 1 No relaxation

xviii) Phorate μg/L 2 No relaxation

Table

6

Bacteriological Quality of Drinking

Water

44. E.coli or thermotolerant coliform

bacteria

/100 Not

detectable

-

45. Total coliform bacteria /100

mL

Not

detectable

-

Virological Requirements

46. MS2 phage /1 L Absent -

Biological Requirements


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Requirement

(Acceptable

Limit)

Permissible

Limit in the

Absence of

Alternate

Source

47. Cryptosporidium /10 L Absent -

48. Giardia /10 L Absent -

49. Microscopic organisms such as

algae,zooplanktons,flagellates,parasites

and toxin producing organisms

Free from

microscopic

organisms

-


Tarapur 80

Annexure VIII: CPCB Water Quality Criteria:

Designated best use Quality Class Primary Water Quality

Criteria

Drinking water source

without conventional

treatment but with

chlorination

A Total coliform organisms

(MPN*/100 ml) shall be 50 or

less

pH between 6.5 and 8.5

Dissolved Oxygen 6 mg/l or

more, and

Biochemical Oxygen Demand 2

mg/l or less

Outdoor bathing (organized) B Total coliform organisms

(MPN/100 ml) shall be 500 or

less

pH between 6.5 and 8.5


more, and


mg/l or less

Drinking water source with

conventional treatment

C Total coliform organisms

(MPN/100ml) shall be 5000 or

less

pH between 6 and 9


more, and


mg/L or less

Propagation of wildlife and

fisheries

D pH between 6.5 and 8.5


more, and

Free ammonia (as N) 1.2 mg/L

or less

Irrigation, industrial cooling,

and controlled disposal

E pH between 6.0 and 8.5

Electrical conductivity less than

2250 micro mhos/cm,

Sodium Absorption Ratio less

than 26,

and Boron less than 2 mg/l.


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Below E Not Meeting A, B, C, D & E

Criteria


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Annexure IX: Water Quality Parameters Requirements and Classification

Water quality parameters are classified into three categories, given in Table (i), (ii) and

(iii) (Source: CPCB, 2002, ―Water Quality Criteria and Goals‖, Monitoring of Indian

National aquatic Resources Series: MINARS/17/2001-2002).

Table: Basic Water Quality Requirement and Classification (Surface Water + Ground

Water)

i) Simple Parameters:

Sr. Parameters Requirement for Waters of Class

A-Excellent B-Desirable C-Acceptable

(i) Sanitary

Survey

Very Clean

neighborhood and

catchment

Reasonably clean

neighborhood

Generally clean

neighborhood

(ii) General

Appearance No floating matter No floating matter

No floating

matter

(iii) Colour Absolutely

Colourless

Almost colourless,

very light shade if

any

No colour of

anthropogenic

origin

(iv) Smell Odourless Almost odourless No unpleasant

odour

(v) Transparency >1.0 depth >0.5 to 0.1m

depth

>0.2 to 0.5 m

depth

(vi)

Ecological*

(Presence of

Animals)

Fish & Insects Fish & Insects Fish & Insects

* Applicable to only surface water

ii) Regular Monitoring Parameters:


A Excellent B-Desirable C-Acceptable

(i) pH 7.0 to 8.5 6.5 to 9.0 6.5 to 9.0

(ii) DO (%

Saturation) 90-110 80-120 60-140

(iii) BOD, mg/l Below 2 Below 5 Below 8

(iv) EC, μmhos/cm <1000 <2250 <4000

(v) (NO2+NO3)-

Nitrogen, mg/l <5 <10 <15

(vi) Suspended solid, <25 <50 <100


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mg/l

(vii) Feacal Coliform,

MPN/ 100 ml <20 per 100 ml <200 per 100 ml

<2000 per 100

ml

(viii) Bio-assay (Zebra

Fish)

No death in 5

days No death in 3 days

No death in 2

days

Note:

1. Dissolved Oxygen (DO) not applicable for ground waters.

2. Dissolved Oxygen in eutrophicated waters should include measurement for diurnal

variation.

3. Suspended solid limit is applicable only during non-monsoon period.

4. Faecal Coliform values should meet for 90% times.

5. Static Bio-Assay method may be adopted.

iii) Specific Parameters: (Only in case of need/apprehensions)


A- Excellent B-Desirable C-Acceptable

(i) Total

Phosphorous <0.1 mg/l < 0.2 mg/l < 0.3 mg/l

(ii) T.K.N < 1.0 mg/l <2.0 mg/l <3.0 mg/l

(iii)

Total Ammonia

(NH4 + NH3)-

Nitrogen

< 0.5 mg/l < 1.0 mg/l < 1.5 mg/l

(iv) Phenols < 2μg/l < 5μg/l <10 μg/l

(v) Surface Active

Agents <20 μg/l <100μg/l < 200μg/l

(vi) Organo Chlorine

Pesticides < 0.05μg/l < 0.1μg/l < 0.2μg/l

(vii) PAH < 0.05μg/l <0.1 μg/l <0.2 μg/l

(viii) PCB and PCT < 0.01μg/l < 0.01μg/l < 0.02μg/l

(ix) Zinc < 100μg/l < 200μg/l <300 μg/l

(x) Nickel < 50μg/l < 100μg/l < 200μg/l

(xi) Copper < 20μg/l < 50μg/l <100μg/l

(xii) Chromium

(Total) < 20μg/l < 50μg/l < 100μg/l

(xiii) Arsenic (Total) < 20μg/l <50 μg/l <100 μg/l


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(xiv) Lead < 20μg/l < 50μg/l < 100μg/l

(xv) Cadmium < 1.0μg/l <2.5 μg/l < 5.0μg/l

(xvi) Mercury < 0.2μg/l < 0.5μg/l < 1.0μg/l

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