© T. M. Whitmore

Last Time•SE Asia country details:

Indonesia & Philippines •Australia & New Zealand

Physical GeographyPopulation and density issues Historical, economic, and cultural

Immigration and Maori & Aboriginal rights

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Today•Papua New Guinea & the Pacific

realm (Oceania)

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Papua New Guinea & Oceania I• Size, location, and etc

Micro states (thousands of islands and many states)

Spread over thousands of miles of the Pacific

Pacific ~ a hemisphere it self virtually ½ the globe

Total land area is small Islands <4 x NC Total area ~ 18x NC

Small pop Total ~ = NC; > 1/2 in Papua New

Guinea

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Papua New Guinea & Oceania II

•Physical geographyTropical/equatorial wet (AF - AM) or tropical wet/dry climates (Am)

Aside from New Guinea, 2 island types “high” and “low” (i.e., volcanic mountainous islands or low coral reef islands)

Papua New Guinea has large mtn. range

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Original settlement & Colonial past

•Initial settlementover 3000 yrs from 2500 BC

•European voyages of “discovery”1600s – 1700s

•Complex colonial histories for most

•Many still colonial possessionsFranceUSA

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International Law of the Sea

•Territorial waters vs “high seas”For most = 12 miles

•Exclusive Economic Zones 200 miles from each land (island)This an tiny atoll can claim economic rights (minerals & fishing etc.) to an area 200 miles across (166,000 sq mi)

John Wiley & Sons.

© T. M. Whitmore

Melanesia

•Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, New Caledonia, Vanuatu, FijiSome ethnic and linguistic commonality but hundreds of languages

Papua New GuineaNew CaledoniaFiji

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Micronesia•Mostly micro-sized low islands —

former UN sponsored USA trust area from former Japanese holdings from WWIMarshall Islands

open air H-bomb nuclear testsBikini the article of clothing got its name from the island in the 1950s when the H-bomb tests occurred there

© T. M. Whitmore

Polynesia

•Hawaii to N. New Zealand Samoa, Tahiti, Hawaii, etc.Amazingly wide spread cultureTourism is main industry

© W.H. Freeman & Co.