µª - silpakorn university · recovery on fruit by powder method and super glue method. thesis...

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THE COMPARISON OF LATENT FINGERPRINT RECOVERY ON FRUIT BY

POWDER METHOD AND SUPER GLUE METHOD

By

Supaporn Yingyong

A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree

Master of Science Program in Forensic Science

Graduate School, Silpakorn University

Academic Year 2011

Copyright of Graduate School, Silpakorn University



“

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52312343 :

: / / / /

:

. : . . . . . .

. 79 .

5 , , ,

MINI

AFIS

, ,

(

30 , 3

, 24 48 )

2554

........................................

1. ........................... 2. .............................



52312343 : MAJOR : FORENSIC SCIENCE

KEY WORDS : LATENT FINGERPRINTS / MAGNETIC POWDER / BLACK POWDER /

SILVER NITRATE POWDER / SUPER GLUE

SUPAPORN YINGYONG : THE COMPARISON OF LATENT FINGERPRINT

RECOVERY ON FRUIT BY POWDER METHOD AND SUPER GLUE METHOD. THESIS

ADVISORS : ASSOC. PROF. POL. COL. SANT SUKHAVACHANA AND PROF. SIRIRAT

CHOOSAKOONKRIANG. 79 pp.

The evidence that commonly found in the crime scene was latent fingerprints. It was

likely that the accused may touch and leave the fingerprints on the fruit surface. The objective of

this research was to investigate the sharpness of latent fingerprint developed by the powder

method and the super glue method on various type of fruit surfaces. Five types of fruit including

apple, banana, guava, mango and orange were used in this study. The visualization of latent

fingerprints at different time intervals were also studied. The latent fingerprint samples were

prepared and were detected for minutiae points by Mini Automated Fingerprints Identification

System (MINI AFIS). The results were then taken for statistical analysis.

It was found that the super glue method was the most effective method for the

detection of latent fingerprints found on apple, banana, mango and orange while the powder

method worked the best for guava. The fingerprints developed immediately after pressing were

clearer than those fingerprints developed after 30 minutes, 3 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours.

The results from this study thus suggested that the super glue method and the powder

method can be used to detect the latent fingerprints on the fruit surfaces.

Program of Forensic Science Graduate School, Silpakorn University Academic Year 2011

Student’s signature........................................

Thesis Advisors’ signature 1. ........................... 2. .............................



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1 ............................................................................................................................ 1

................................................................. 1

……………………………………………………….... 2

…………………………………………………………… 2

…………………………………………………………… 2

…………………………………………………………………….. 2

……………………………………………………………… 3

…………………………………………………….….. 4

……………………………………………………….. 4

2 ………………………………………………………. 5

……………………………………………….. 5

………………………………………. 8

……………………………………………. 9

……………………………………………………. 13

……………………………………………….. 15

…………………………………………………………... 17

…………………………………………………….. 24

……………………………………….. 29

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3 ……………………………………………………………………... 46

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4 ………………………………………………………………… 54

5 …………………………………………………… 71

…………………………………………………………………… 71

……………………………………………………………………….. 73

……………………………………………………………………… 75

………………………………………………………………………………….. 77

……………………………………………………………………………………. 79



1 .. 35

2 (Minutiae)

, ,

……………………………………………………….. 54

3 (Minutiae)

, , , … 55

4 (Minutiae)

……………………………………………………… 56

5 3 …………………………………... 57

6 (Minutiae)

……………… 58

7 (Minutiae)

…………………. 59

8 (Minutiae)

…………………… 59

9 (Minutiae)

……………….. 60

10 (Minutiae)

…………………… 60

11 (Minutiae)

………………………………. 61

12 (Minutiae)

30 …………………………... 62

13 (Minutiae)

3 …………………………. 62



14 (Minutiae)

24 …………………………. 63

15 (Minutiae)

48 …………………………. 63



1 ………………………………………………………… 10

2 …………………………………………………………………. 11

3 ……………………………………………. 16

4 …………………………………………………………… 17

5 ………………………………………………………. 18

6 …………………………………………………… 18

7 …………………………………………………… 19

8 …………………………………………………………… 20

9 …………………………………………………… 21

10 ………………………………………………. 22

11 ………………………………………………... 22

12 …………………………………………………………. 23

13 …………………………………………………………… 24

14 ……………………………………………… 26

15 ……………………………………………………………. 39

16 ………………………………………………. 40

17 …………….. 49

18 .. 50

19 ………. 51

20 ……. 52

21 …………………………….. 65

22 …………………………. 66

23 …………………………… 67

24 ……………………………….. 68

25 ………………………………. 69



1

1

1.

2

(Visible fingerprint) (Latent

fingerprint)

, , , , ,

,



2

2.

1.

, ,

2.

3.

1.

,

2.

4.

,

5.

,



3

6.

1. ,

,

2.

3. , 30 , 3 , 24

48 ( 3 )

4. 650 - 700

set

, 25 – 29

5. 1

( )

( )



4

7.

(Silver nitrate)

(Silver Nitrate)

(Super glue) Cyanoacrylate ester

(Cyanoacrylate ester)

fix

8.

1.

2.



5

2

1.

12

. . 1684 (Nehemiah)

Philosophical Transaction of the Royal Society of London

Grew

300

. . 1685 (Govard Bidlo)

. . 1686 (Marcello Malpighi)

“Malpighi layer” 1.8 .

. . 1823 (John Veangelist Purkinje)

(University of Breslau)



6

9

. . 1858 (Sir William Herschel)

. . 1880 . (Dr. Henry Faulds)

.

10

. . 1882 (Alphonse Bertillon)

(Antropometry) (Bertillon system)

1888

(Bertillon Signalment)

11



7

. . 1892 (Sir Francis Galton)

1880

(Minutiae point ;

)

2

1. 2

2.

. . 1894

Anthropometry Bertillon

. . 1897 (Sir Edward Richard Henry)

. . 1900 “

” (Classification and Uses of Fingerprints)

1

70%

(Juan Vucetich)

“ ”

25%



8

. . 1915 Herry H. Caldwell

(Criminal Identification

Operators) International Association for

Criminal Identification . . 1918 International Association for

Identification (IAI)

5% 50

2.

10

. . 2443

. . 2444

Henry

Henry

Henry

500,000

Henry Henry Extension . . 2500

F.B.I.



9

Software

2

. . . . . ( )

. . 2537 Automated Fingerprints Identification System (AFIS)

3.

(Polygenic trait, Multifactorial inheritance)

(Maternal stress)

2 (Epidermis) (Dermis)



10

1

: Wikimedia Foundation Inc, Skin [Online], accessed 30 June 2011. Available from

http://en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Image : Skin.jpg

(Epidermis) 0.4

1.5 (Skin)

1.5 - 4.0

2

(Thick epidermis) (Palms) (Soles) (Thin

epidermis) 2

MISUMI AKIYOSHI (1984 : 49 - 55)

(Epidermis)

(Dermis) Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)

(Papillae)

(Epidermal ridge)

(Fiber)

7



11

2

: David R. Ashbaugh, Quantitative - Qualitative Friction Ridge Analysis An Introduction to

Basic and Advanced Ridgeology (Florida : CRC Press LLC, 1999.), 68.

(Polygenic trait, Multifactorial

inheritance) (Prenatal stress)

(Penrose and Ohara) (Okajima)

(Bakler) 10 11

(Basal layer of epidermis) (Primary ridge)

14

(Primary ridge formation creases) (Secondary ridge)

24 25

(Maternal stress) ( )

. . 2435

(Science of dermatoglyphics)

,

,



12

8-13

(Dermatoglyphics, skin carving)

. . 2469 20

. . 2473 (Penrose)

(Cummins)

(Midlo) . . 2486 “Fingerprint Palms and Soles”

(Dermatoglyphics) Derma ( ) Glyph ( )

(Mongolism ;

)

4

(Edward syndrome) (Patau syndrome)

(Cri - Du-Chat syndrome)

(Klinefelter syndrome)

(Penrose)

. . 2508 –

(Sarah Holt)



13

(Stowen)

90%

(Alexander Rodwald)

90%

80%

4.

(Personal identification)

2

1. (Uniqueness)

Sir Francis Galton

2

( , 2532 : 352-353) 2

Sir Francis

Galton 1 600 Balthazard

1/106 ( , 2506 : 91)

2. , (Permanence)



14

3

4 (Cummins and Middlo, 1964 : 40)

Dermis



15

5.

2 (Friction ridge) (Groove or

furrow)

1. (Friction ridge)

2. (Groove or furrow)

(Whorl) 30%

(Loop) 65% (Arch)

2

(Special characteristic of minutia)



16

(Minutia) (Minutia)

(Ridge ending) (Bridge)

(Bifurcation ) (Double bifurcation)

(Dot) (Trifurcation)

(Short ridge) (Opposed bifurcations)

(Enclosure (Lake)) (Ridge crossing)

(Hook (Spur)) (Opposed bifurcation)

3

: C.J. Lennard and T. Patterson, Fingerprint Identification Basic and composite ridge

characteristics (minutia) [Online] , accessed 9 July 2011. Available http : // www.policensw.com

/info/ fingerprints/finger08.html



17

6.

9

1. (Plain arch)

4

: , 2

(Forensic Science 2 for Crime investigation) ( : ,

2546), 4.

2. (Tented arch)

2.1

2.2

2.3



18

5

: , 2


2546), 4.

3. (Right slant loop Radial loop)

6

: , 2


2546), 5.



19

4. (Left slant loop Ulnar loop)

65 %

53%

7

: , 2


2546), 6.

1.

2. 1

3. 1

1



20

8

: , 2


2546), 6.

(Ridge count)

5. (Plain whorl)

5.1 2

2

5.2

2 1



21

9

: , 2


2546), 7.

6. (Central pocket loop whorl)



22

10

: , 2


2546), 7.

7. (Lateral pocket loop)

11

: , 2


2546), 8.



23

8. (Double loop / Twin loop)

2

2

12

: , 2


2546), 8.

9. (Accidental whorl)

2



24

13

: , 2


2546), 9.

7.

2

1.

1.1

(Plastic Print)

1.2

1.3



25

1.4

( )

(Reversal Fingerprint)

1.5

2.

pH (pH 4-7)

98-99 % 1-2 %

( )



26

Fingerprint residue

Water 98.5%

Solid 1.5%

Organic materials 1%

Inorganic materials 0.5%

Lactic ascid, Fatty acid

Riboflavin pyridoxin

Glucose, Sugars

Ammonia, Urea

Amino acid

Creatinine, Albumin

Peptide, Proteins

Isoagglutinogens

Na+, K+, Ca2+, Cl-

PO43-, CO32-, SO42-

14

: Peter R. DE Forest, Robert E. Gaensslen, and Henry C. Lee, Forensic Science - An

Introduction to Criminalistics (New York : n.p. , 1983), 342.



27

3.

3.1

3.1.1

3.1.2

(

) ( )

( )

3.1.3

3.1.4

3.1.5

10

25



28

3.2

3.3

3

( , 2540 : 37)

( )



29

4.

4.1

4.2

4.3

4.4

8.



30

1.

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.6

( )

1.7

1.8

1.9

1.10



31

1.11

2.

9.

CARPET

9.1 (Composition of the deposit)

9.1.1 Eccrine glands

98-99%

9.1.2 Apocrine glands

9.1.3 Sebaceous glands

9.2 (Amount of matter deposited)

2

9.2.1



32

9.2.2

9.3 (Receiving surface)

9.4 (Position deposited)

10

9.5 (Environment conditions)



33

9.6 (Time since deposited)

10.

3

,

1. (Porous Surface)

(Water Soluble Deposit -

WSD)

( )

WSD

80 %

80 % 1

(Non –

Water - Soluble Deposit - NWSD)

NWSD

20 NWSD

NWSD



34

3.5 NWSD

Physical developer (Champod et al. 2004)

2. (Non - Porous Surface)

Polyethylene

(Polythene) (Emulsion)

(Champod et al.

2004)

3. (Semiporous Surface)



35

1

-

WSD (

)

- NWSD

( )

:

- ,

-

-

WSD (

)

- NWSD

( )

:

-

-

-

- WSD NWSD

( )

:

- ,

: WSD NWSD

: Christophe Champod et al., Fingerprint and other rigde skin impressions. Florida : CRC

Press LL, 2004.

11.

(International

Association for Identification, www.cbdiai.org : US Department of Justice, 2001)

11.1

1. (Visual)

2. (Iodine fuming)

3. DFO (1,8 - Diazafluoren-9-one)



36

4. (Ninhydrin)

5. 1,2-Indanedione

6. Silver nitrate

7. Physical developer

11.2

1. (Visual)

2. Powder

3. (Cyanoacrylate fuming)

4. Gentain violet

5. Small particl reagent

6.

11.3

1. (Visual)

2.

3. (Iodine fuming)

4. Superglue (Cyanoacrylate fuming)

5. Magnetic powder

6. (Ninhydrin)

7. Physical developer

12.

2



37

( ) , ( ) , ,

2

12.1 ( )

2

3 (Lee and Gaensslen, 2001 : 108 - 113)

12.1.1 (Regular Fingerprint Powder)

2



38

12.1.2 (Magnetic Fingerprint Powder)

MacDonell

Iron oxide Iron powder dust

10

50

(Carrier)

Magnetic flake

12.1.3 (Luminescent Fingerprint Powder)

(UV)

1.

2.

3.



39

4. (Background)

5.

( )

15

: , 2


2546), 19.

12.2

12.2.1 (Iodine fuming)



40

,

12.2.2 (Ninhydrin)

16

: , 2


2546), 23.

12.2.3 (Silver nitrate)

12.2.4 Physical Developer (Silver)



41

DFO

12.2.5 (Super glue) Cyanoacrylate

Harry Coover Eastman Kodak

. . 1949 2

Formaldehyde Alkyl cyanoacrylate

Depolymerization . . 1955

Superglue international Flash Glue Cyanoacrylate

Ethyl-2-cyanoacrylate

C6H7NO2

C H2=C(CN)COOC2H5

Hydroxide ion

Cyanoacrylate 2

Cyanoacrylate Acetone Nitromethane

Cyanoacrylate

Cotton

Cyanoacrylate

Formaldehyde Alkyl cyanoacrylate

Cyanoacrylate 0.2 ppm

Cyanoacrylate Hydroxide ion



42

, , , , ,

Ethyl cyanoacrylate

Ethyl cyanoacrylate Hydroxide ion

Ethyl cyanoacrylate Ethyl cyanoacrylate

Ethyl cyanoacrylate

Ethyl cyanoacrylate

4

1. Ethyl cyanoacrylate

2. Aluminum foil

3. Heat source

4. Fuming chamber

12.2.6 (Crystal violet)

12.3

12.3.1 Small Particle Reagent (SPR)

Hydrophobic tails Reagent Hydrophobic tails Hydrophilic

head Titanium dioxide Molybdenum disulfide

SPR



43

, ,

,

12.3.2 Amido Black Body fluid

Amido black

12.3.3 Sticky - side Powder

Photo-Flo

10-15

12.3.4 DFO (1, 8 - Diazafluoren-9-one)

DFO

2.5 – 3

DFO

12.3.5 (Polilight)

300 - 680 nm.

12.3.6 RUVIS (Reflected Ultra - Violet Imaging System)

UV Forensic Light

Source

13.



44

G. Singh, G.S. Sodhi, O.P. Jasuja, 2006 : 374 - 381

Gray

Singh

Matej Trapecar Mojca Kern Vinkovic, 2008 : 192 - 195

Slovenia –

( , , ) 2

2

Thomas (1975 : 133 - 135)

1 10-5 ml.

98.5%

1-10 4

100 400

0.1 - 1%



45

Sodhi (1996 : 267-269)



46

3

1.

1 1

5

, ,

2.

(Non - probability

Sampling) (Quota Sampling)

2.1

- 1 - 3 - 2 + 2

2.2 1

3.

3.1

3.2 ,

BVDA

3.3 ,

BVDA

3.4



47

3.5 FUJIFILM FINEPIX S 2000 HD

3.6 MINI AFIS (Scanner)

3.7

3.8

3.9

3.10

3.11

3.12

3.13 Scotch 3M 16 1

3.14 –

3.15 DIA Skin Analyzer

4.

1. 650 - 700

2. 25 – 29

3. 1

4.1

4.1.1

4.1.2



48

4.1.3

5-10

, 30 , 3 , 24 48

3

4.1.4 4 2

,

(Background) (

(Background)

(Background) )



49

17



50

18



19

51



52

(Background)

80-90

15-20 1

(Background)

20



53

4.1.5

MINI AFIS

SPSS (Statistical Package for Social

Science) (Two-Way ANOVA)

Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT)



54

4

5

4 30 3 24

48 MINI

AFIS (Minutiae)

Core 1.2 ,

0.9 , 0.8 0.7 MINI AFIS

(Minutiae) (Minutiae)

, S.D. sig. ( , S.D. (Standard

deviation) sig. (Significance) )

2 (Minutiae)

, ,

Minutiae (n = 60)

S.D.

27.93

22.73

19.17

16.534

16.988

17.428

14.95

10.13

12.925

11.557



55

2 (Minutiae)

, ,

( =

27.93) ( = 22.73), ( = 19.17), ( = 14.95) ( =

10.13)

3 (Minutiae)

, , ,

Minutiae (n = 60)

S.D.

30.20

20.03

17.07

8.64

16.046

15.815

15.938

8.981

3 (Minutiae)

, , ,

( = 30.20)

( = 20.03), ( = 17.07) ( =

8.64)



56

4 (Minutiae)

Minutiae (n = 60)

S.D.

28.98 16.947

30 24.42 17.133

3 16.95 14.776

24 14.48 13.916

48 10.08 11.340

4 (Minutiae)

, , , ,

,

( = 28.98)

30 ( = 24.42), 3 ( = 16.95), 24 ( =

14.48) 48 ( = 10.08)



57

5 3

Source d.f. SS MS F Sig.

4 11,327.33 2831.83 25.467 .000*

3 17,817.02 5939.01 53.410 .000*

4 13,986.93 3496.73 31.446 .000*

*

12 4,257.89 354.82 3.191 .000*

*

16 1,969.07 123.07 1.107 .351

*

12 2,416.03 201.34 1.811 0.048*

*

*

48 6,129.31 127.69 1.148 .254

Error 200 22,239.33 111.20

Total 299 80,142.91

* 0.05

5 3

3 3 0.05 (sig. =

.254)

2

1. 2

0.05 (sig. = .000)

2. 2

0.05 (sig. = .351)

3. 2

0.05 (sig. = .048)



58

2

6 (Minutiae)

Minutiae (n = 60)

S.D.

8.00b 10.954

7.87b 7.492

5.60b 6.311

19.07a 15.135

a,b 0.05

DMRT

6 (Minutiae)

3 ,



59

7 (Minutiae)

Minutiae (n = 60)

S.D.

17.87ab 17.117

20.40ab 18.772

6.00b 10.850

32.40a 11.428 a,b 0.05

DMRT

7 (Minutiae)

8 (Minutiae)

Minutiae (n = 60)

S.D.

16.47a 15.123

20.67a 13.064

4.80b 7.542

17.87a 9.531 a,b 0.05

DMRT

8 (Minutiae)



60

9 (Minutiae)

Minutiae (n = 60)

S.D.

20.53bc 16.022

32.53ab 14.004

16.73c 7.887

Super glue 41.93a 14.538 a,b, c

0.05 DMRT

9 (Minutiae)

10 (Minutiae)

Minutiae (n = 60)

S.D.

22.47b 17.635

18.67b 14.768

10.07b 6.649

39.73a 11.985 a,b 0.05

DMRT



61

10 (Minutiae)

3

11 (Minutiae)

Minutiae (n = 60)

S.D.

31.07b 15.267

26.87b 15.766

14.40c 10.183

43.60a 12.603 a,b, c

0.05 DMRT

11 (Minutiae)

3



62

12 (Minutiae)

30

Minutiae (n = 60)

S.D.

21.53bc 17.541

30.33ab 18.153

11.60c 10.487

34.20a 12.841 a,b, c

0.05 DMRT

12 (Minutiae)

30

13 (Minutiae)

3

Minutiae (n = 60)

S.D.

14.20bc 14.384

17.00b 10.296

5.67c 4.806

30.93a 15.168 a,b, c

0.05 DMRT

13 (Minutiae)

3

3



63

14 (Minutiae)

24

Minutiae (n = 60)

S.D.

10.00bc 10.085

16.60ab 14.019

6.33c 7.952

25.00a 15.446 a,b, c

0.05 DMRT

14 (Minutiae)

24

15 (Minutiae)

48

Minutiae (n = 60)

S.D.

8.53b 11.025

9.33b 11.512

5.20b 7.321

17.27a 12.256 a,b, c

0.05 DMRT

15 (Minutiae)

48

3



64

,

, , , ,

21 –

25



65

(1) (2)

(3) (4)

21 48

(1), (2),

(3) (4)



66

(1) (2)

(3) (4)

22

(1), (2), (3)

(4)



67

(1) (2)

(3) (4)

23 24

(1), (2), -

(3) (4)



68

(1) (2)

(3) (4)

24 3

(1), (2), (3)

(4)



69

(1) (2)

(3) (4)

25 30

(1), (2), (3)

(4)

21 – 25 ,

, , ,



70

,

,

,

,



71

5

1 5

MINI AFIS

(Minutiae)

(Minutiae)

(Two-Way ANOVA)

0.05 Duncan

Multiple Range Test (DMRT)

1. (Minutiae)

,

, ,

, 30 , 3 , 24 24

( = 27.93),

( = 22.73), ( = 19.17), ( = 14.95) ( = 10.13)



72

, , ,

, 30 , 3 , 24 24

( = 30.20), ( = 20.03), ( = 17.07)

( = 8.64)

,

, ,

, , ,

( = 28.98), 30

( = 24.42), 3 ( = 16.95), 24 ( = 14.48) 48

( = 10.08)

30 , 3 , 24 48

2. 3 ,

3

3 0.05 (sig = .254)

2

,



73

3. 2

(Minutiae)

, ,

4. (Minutiae)

, 30

, 3 , 24 48

1

(Minutiae)

1.

(Minutiae)

98-99

% 1-2 %

( ) (

2546 : 14)



74

(Minutiae)

2. 4

,

(Cyanoacrylate

ester)

(Cyanoacrylate ester)

3.

, 30 , 3 , 24 48

30 , 3 , 24 48

30 , 3 , 24 48



75

4. 2

80

– 90

1.

5

1.1

,

1.2

1.3



76

1.4

,

2.

2.1

2.2

2.3



77

. “ .” 2, 2 (2506) : 89

- 91.

. “ ”

, 2532. ( )

. :

[ ]. 15 2554. http://www. champa.kku.

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