SKELETAL OUTLINE

FUNCTION OF BONES

Provide shape and support

Protection of internal organs

Storing minerals and fat

Producing blood cells and platelets

Assisting with movement

BONE TISSUE Composed of: inorganic salts (calcium),

bone cells, blood vessels, nerves, collagen

Needs food and oxygen

Continue to grow throughout life, replacing damaged bone

COMPONENTS OF BONE Osteoblasts (build up bone) Osteoclasts (clean up bone and debris) Cartilage Aponeurosis Dense (compact bone) Spongy (cancelous bone)

SKELETAL SYSTEM1. Axial = 80 bones2. Appendicular = 126 bones

SHAPES OF BONES

Long: femur, humerus, tibia, fibula

Short: small cubed-shaped: carpals, tarsals, toes

Flat: usually cover organs: scapula, pelvis,

skull,ribs

Irregular: bones of ear, vertebrae, bones of face

Sesamoid: patella (knee cap)

REVIEW: NAME THE TYPE OF BONE

SKULL

Cranium = 8 bones

Face = 14 bones

Ears

Mandible is the only movable part of the

skull

TEETH Crown Root Enamel Cementum Dentin Pulp 32 teeth in an adult

THORAX Ribs

True ribs: first 7False ribs: lower 5 ( last 2 are called floating ribs) Intercostal space: contains muscles, blood vessels,

nerves Sternum Vertebral bones = 26 bones

true

false

ARTICULATIONS (JOINTS) Joints are named by the bones they join

Synarthrosis (immovable): cranial bones

Amphiarthrosis (slightly movable): ribs

connected to sternum

Diarthrosis (freely movable, synovial)

Synovial joints contain a bursa: fluid filled sac

6 TYPES OF DIARTHROSIS(MOVABLE) JOINTS

1. Ball and socket: shoulder, hip

2. Hinge: elbow, ankle, knee

3. Gliding: in between the carpal bones

4. Pivot: Radius on ulna

5. Saddle: Thumb (thumb touching finger tips)

6. Gomphosis: (teeth)

EXAMPLES OF DIARTHRODIAL (MOVEABLE) JOINTS

NAME THE JOINTS