© prentice hall 2002 1.1 the evolution of computer age 1. first generation (1951 - 1957) -...

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1.1 © Prentice Hall 2002 THE EVOLUTION OF THE EVOLUTION OF COMPUTER AGE COMPUTER AGE 1. First Generation (1951 - 1957) 1. First Generation (1951 - 1957) - computers were built with vacuum tubes. - computers were built with vacuum tubes. (electronic tubes that were made of glass & were (electronic tubes that were made of glass & were about the size of lightbulbs. about the size of lightbulbs. - the major success story among first generation - the major success story among first generation machines was the IBM 650, introduced in 1954. machines was the IBM 650, introduced in 1954. 2. Second Generation (1958 – 1963) 2. Second Generation (1958 – 1963) - the computer were built with transistors - the computer were built with transistors (small devices that transfer electronic signals (small devices that transfer electronic signals across a transistor. across a transistor. - transistor were smaller, more reliable & less - transistor were smaller, more reliable & less expensive & gave off less heat than vacuum expensive & gave off less heat than vacuum tubes. So the comp. were faster, smaller & tubes. So the comp. were faster, smaller & became more reliable than the first generation became more reliable than the first generation computers were. computers were. * *

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Page 1: © Prentice Hall 2002 1.1 THE EVOLUTION OF COMPUTER AGE 1. First Generation (1951 - 1957) - computers were built with vacuum tubes. (electronic tubes that

1.1

© Prentice Hall 2002

THE EVOLUTION OF THE EVOLUTION OF COMPUTER AGECOMPUTER AGE

1. First Generation (1951 - 1957)1. First Generation (1951 - 1957)- computers were built with vacuum tubes. - computers were built with vacuum tubes. (electronic tubes that were made of glass & (electronic tubes that were made of glass & were about the size of lightbulbs.were about the size of lightbulbs.

- the major success story among first generation - the major success story among first generation machines was the IBM 650, introduced in 1954.machines was the IBM 650, introduced in 1954.

2. Second Generation (1958 – 1963)2. Second Generation (1958 – 1963)- the computer were built with transistors (small - the computer were built with transistors (small devices that transfer electronic signals across a devices that transfer electronic signals across a transistor.transistor.- transistor were smaller, more reliable & less - transistor were smaller, more reliable & less expensive & gave off less heat than vacuum expensive & gave off less heat than vacuum tubes. So the comp. were faster, smaller & tubes. So the comp. were faster, smaller & became more reliable than the first generation became more reliable than the first generation computers were.computers were.

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Page 2: © Prentice Hall 2002 1.1 THE EVOLUTION OF COMPUTER AGE 1. First Generation (1951 - 1957) - computers were built with vacuum tubes. (electronic tubes that

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© Prentice Hall 2002

THE EVOLUTION OF THE EVOLUTION OF COMPUTER AGECOMPUTER AGE

3. Third Generation (1964 – 1969)3. Third Generation (1964 – 1969)- transistors were replaced by Integrated - transistors were replaced by Integrated Circuits (IC). IC is a complete electronic Circuits (IC). IC is a complete electronic circuit on a small chip made of silicon.circuit on a small chip made of silicon.- Comp. became more reliable & compact - Comp. became more reliable & compact than computers made with transistors.than computers made with transistors.

4. Fourth Generation (1970 – 1990)4. Fourth Generation (1970 – 1990)- Many advancements happened during this - Many advancements happened during this generation including the most significant was generation including the most significant was the use of the microprocessor; a specialized the use of the microprocessor; a specialized chip developed for comp. memory & logic. It chip developed for comp. memory & logic. It has revolutionized the computer industry by has revolutionized the computer industry by making it possible to use a single chip to making it possible to use a single chip to create a smaller ‘personal’ comp.create a smaller ‘personal’ comp.

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© Prentice Hall 2002

5. Fifth Generation (1991 – 2000 & 5. Fifth Generation (1991 – 2000 & beyond)beyond)

- Nowadays generation is called - Nowadays generation is called ‘Connected Generation’ coz of the ‘Connected Generation’ coz of the industry’s massive effort to increase industry’s massive effort to increase the connectivity of computers.the connectivity of computers.

- The existence of the Internet, WWW - The existence of the Internet, WWW & Intranet enable the people & Intranet enable the people networked together across the globe.networked together across the globe.

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THE EVOLUTION OF THE EVOLUTION OF COMPUTER AGECOMPUTER AGE