阅 读 理 解（二）

二、短语（ phrases ）的学习 考生如果仅仅认识单词，掌握一些语法知识，并不一定就能够读懂句子。每个考生都要学习积累大量的短语（ phrases ）。 phrase 的定义是： a group of words whichhave a particular meaning when used together

2010 年高考单项填空句中 phrases 示例1. With Father’s Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank to buy presents for my dad.

（全国卷 No.34 ）

around the corner “ 即将到来” Some say that space travel for the average person is just around the corner.

2. The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that people from all walks of life are working hard for a new Jiangsu.

（江苏卷 No.21 ）

walk of life “ 行业；……类的人” A doctor and a street cleaner are in differentwalks of life. In the army there were men from every walkof life.

3. — I have tried very hard to find a solution to the problem, but in vain.

— Why not consult with Frank? You see,two heads are better than one.

（江苏卷 No.31 ）

in vain “ 白费力”He tried in vain to memorize the poem.= He tried to memorize the poem, but in vain.另外： vain efforts “ 徒劳”；

a vain promise “ 空口许诺”

4. James took the magazines off the little table to make room for the television.

（天津卷 No.3 ）

make room for … “…… 空出地方” I emptied my bag and made room for herpresent.

5. We only had $100 and that was nowhere near enough to buy a new computer.

（辽宁卷 No.27 ）

nowhere near “ 离 … 差得远”1) Our budget is nowhere near enough.2) Our house is nowhere near big enough for 5 people.

6. The new movie promises to be one of the biggest money-makers of all time.

（辽宁卷 No.32 ）

of all time “ 有史以来”Many rated him the best singer of all time.

7. Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, sending supplies to Yushu, Qinghai Province after the earthquake.

（福建卷 No.25 ）

around/round the clock “ 昼夜不停地” People with very important jobs sometimeshave to work around the clock.

8. Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they have been pro- mised before leaving their hometowns.

（福建卷 No.28 ）

a flood of “ 大量的”I received a flood of letters this morning.

9. How about camping this weekend, just for a change?

（浙江卷 No.1 ）

for a change “ 为了改变以下，换换口味”Why don’t we eat out tonight for a change?

10. Just use this room for the time being, and we’ll offer you a large one as soon as it becomes available.

（安徽卷 No.33 ）

for the time being “ 暂时” You can use my car for the time being, butI need it on the weekend.

11. John’s success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work that has made him what he is today.

（湖南卷 No.25 ）

have nothing to do with “ 与 …… 毫无关系”She has absolutely nothing to do with the case.她与该事件毫无关系。

12. Parents attach much importance to education. They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift.

（江西卷 No.25 ）

attach importance to “ 重视” It is unwise to attach too much importanceto the information.

短语动词是所有各种短语中最为重要的，因为动词是句子的核心，不理解短语动词就不知句子所云。 考生应该像学习单词那样积累自己常见的短语动词。

（一）常用短语动词

1. — Smoking is bad for your health.— Yes, I know. But I imply can’t give it up.

考生应该记住以下句中的常用短语动词。

2. We thought of selling this old furniture, but we’ve decided to hold on to it. It might be valuable.

3. Before the war broke out, many people put away in safe places possessions they could not take with them.

4. It’s ten years since the scientist set out on his life’s work of discovering the valuable chemical. My daughter set out for London.

5. — Look out for the glass! — It’s OK. I’m wearing shoes.

6. He accidentally let out he had quarreled with his wife and that he hadn’t been home for a couple of weeks.

7. We have to get in the wheat as soon as possible because a storm is on the way.

8. Can you make a sentence to bring out the meaning of the phrase?

9. The idea puzzled me so much that I stopped for a few seconds to try to make it out.

10. Don’t mention that at the beginning of the story, or it may give away the shocking ending.

11. Once a decision has been made, all of us should stick to it.

12. Could you please tell me where you bought the shoes you had on yesterday?

13. We went to Canada to travel and my cousin acted as our guide.

14. I was still sleeping when the fire broke out, and then it spread quickly.

15. Tell me how the accident came about.

16. They always turn to me when they are in trouble.

17. The news of the mayor’s coming to our school for a visit was given out on the radio yesterday.

18. Too much work and too little rest often leads to illness.

19. Would you please go over this form for me to see if I’ve filled it in right?

20. The teacher asked a difficult question, but finally Ted came up with a good answer.

21. It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly pick out my friend.

22. We had wanted to finish our task by noon, but it didn’t quite work out as planned.

23. Success in school calls for much hard work.

24. Don’t be taken in by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.

25. When it comes to mathematics, I’m completely at sea.

26. Joe Jones, the eldest of the eight children, had to drop out of high school at the age of 16 to help his father on the farm.

27. He was in hospital for six months. He felt as if he was cut off from the outside world.

28. I don’t go in for rock’n’roll. It’s much too noisy for my taste.

29. To keep healthy, Professor Johnson took up cycling as a regular form of exercise after he retired.

30. It is certain that he will hand over his business to his son when he gets old.

31. We wanted to get home before dark, but it didn’t quite turn out as planned.

32. The final examination is coming up soon. It’s time for us to get down to our studies.

33. The forest guards often find campfires that have not been put out completely.

34. I don’t know what brought about the change in his mind.

35. The dictionary is being printed and it will soon come out.

36. Uncle Dick made up an interesting story for the children. The actors were making up when we arrived.

37. Kathy picked up a lot of Spanish by playing with the native boys and girls.

38. As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village called up scenes of my childhood.

39. He doesn’t get along with anybody in the office.

40. The committee is looking into the cause of the accident.

（二）其它常用短语 这些短语在句中有时可以起形容词作用，有时可以起副词作用。考生要能判断它们在句中是定语、表语，还是状语，才能准确理解句子的意思。

1. Many Chinese universities provide scholarshipsfor students in need of financial aid.

2. Everything was perfect for the picnic except for the weather.

3. I attended the meeting in place of Jack.

4. In case of rain, the game will be called off.

5. Come here at once! You cannot be in two places at once.

6. I’ll be home in time to watch the TV program. They learned to accept their stepmother in time.

7. I thought I was going to fail the exam, but I passed after all. After all, he’s only 6 years old.

8. I’m all in favor of equal pay for equal work.

9. Who’s the teacher in charge of your class?

10. They sell books as well as newspapers.

11. I saw her just now. Come and see me later — I’m busy just now.

12. He took mathematics, and physics as well.

13. He is clever, no doubt, but he is cold, too.

14. No wonder (that) you turned down the offer. The conditions were no good.

15. — I can’t repair these until tomorrow, I’m afraid. — That’ OK, there’s no hurry.

16. do sb. good, do sb. harm, do sb. wrong, do sb. a favor

17. look down upon sb., look up to sb.

18. come into being

19. out of work, out of order, out of shape, out of sight, out of control, out of date,

out of one’s mind

21. in common, in advance

20. in charge of, in favor of

22. beyond words, beyond control

23. no wonder, no doubt, in doubt

24. catch sight of, lose sight of

25 attach importance to

26. rather than, other than

27. be bound to, be supposed to

28. for the time being You can use my car for the time being, but Ineed it on the weekend.

29. on the go I’ve been on the go all day. Having four children keeps her on the go.

30. on the whole On the whole, I agree with you.

31. as regards As regards this point, he is correct. You needn’t worry as regards the cost of theoperation.