pH: a mathematical measure of hydrogen ions and hydroxide groups in a solution

A solution is “acidic” if the pH is less than 7

A solution is “basic” if the pH is more than 7

pH scale- measures how acidic, basic, or neutral a substance is

Ranges from 0-14 pH of 7= neutral pH of less than 7= acidic pH of more than 7= basic

Basic

Pure distilled water is neutral (pH=7) When chemicals are mixed with water,

the mixture can be acidic or basic The pH of a sample of water determines

its quality

Contain Hydrogen Ions H+

Always willing to give a Hydrogen ion

Characteristics of Acids:Sour tasteConduct ElectricityRed on pH paperBurn skin

Contain OH- groups / Hydroxides

Always willing to accept a hydrogen ion

CharacteristicsSlippery FeelingConduct Electricity Blue on pH paperBurn skin

When an acid and a base react, this is called a neutralization.

The acid and the base balance each other out and move towards neutral (think average).

The byproduct of neutralization is always water and any type of salt.

H+ + OH- H20

Examples:Strong Acid + Weak Base = Water and Acidic

Salt

Weak Acid + Strong Base = Water and Basic Salt

Strong Acid + Strong Base = Water and Neutral Salt

1) Ammonia 2) Milk3) Vinegar4) Lemon juice5) Milk of Magnesia6) Hydrochloric Acid7) Rubbing Alcohol8) Bleach9) Tap Water