overview of ethical considerations case example: korean female international students contributing...
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Overview of ethical considerations Case example: Korean female
international students Contributing factors including cultural
context How we handled Future Directions (e.g., prevention) Discussion
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Confidentiality Selection/De-selection Multicultural populations
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• Limits in groups (Yalom, 2005; Appelbaum & Greer, 1993)
• Fears about the lack of confidentiality Gossip Technological barriers Casual encounters Misunderstanding what is confidential
information Misunderstanding when information is
confidential (within group boundaries)
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Good group therapy begins with good client selections (Yalom, 2005, p. 231)
› “The great majority of clinicians do not select for group therapy. Instead, they deselect” (p. 231).
› This process tends to be based on clinical wisdom rather than empirically derived (Kincade, 2004)
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Severe psychopathology Having a personality disorder Being actively suicidal Lack of fit with other members (Kincade, 2004)
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Can be the ideal place to explore concerns process experiences of oppression and exclusion (Johnson, 2009; Lee, 1997)
May be asked to be the “spokesperson” for their group (Johnson, 2009)
When the community is small, the group members may see each other often (Lee, 1997)
Similar to a small college or small town, when you see another student frequently on campus, it is difficult to reveal personal information in the group (Kincade, 2004)
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LGBT community International students from the same
countries Graduate students from the same
programs Individuals from the same residence
hall or hometown
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Six South Korean women studying at U. of Minn.; seeking services at UCCS
Two open process groups; one Assertiveness Workshop› Potential members brought their concerns
about joining during screening› Initial group meeting, appeared familiar
with each other› Potentially transfer to alternate group;
Korean co-facilitator
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Screened for WIG, wanted Grad WomenScreened for Grad Women– InMentioned B
Screened for Grad Women, wanted Grad Women or AssertMentioned AScreened for Assertiveness Workshop – In
A
B
E
C
D
F
Screened for WIG – In Was an older undergraduateOn first day of WIG, knew D. Decided to drop out. Considered USO group.
Discussed Conundrum in Group Sup
Screened for WIG – InDiscussed: will be other Korean in group during screening. Ok by DOn first day of WIG, knew C. Decided to stay in WIG
Screened for Assertiveness – InDespite the fact that 2 Korean women in Assertiveness Workshop, the issue never came up. It seemed to be a safe enough environment.
Screened for Grad WomenAsked if other Korean women in the group.Said she was not willing to join such a group, decided to do individual work
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A B C D E F
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Intern’s contribution to increasing awareness of UCCS services within Korean community
Cohesion of Korean community Few Korean colleges; graduate students
likely already knew each other from their undergraduate institutions in Korea
Small general population in Korea; events reported back become well-known in community
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Multiple sub-groups within Korean community:› Graduate / Undergraduate› Asian-American / Korean International› Independently financed / Scholarship
recipients› Male / Female
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No secret Gossip Saving face -> reputation as a
professional Double standard in dating -> reputation
as a potential marriage partner
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› Expression of interest in two groups› Preference for Grad Women’s group› Self-chosen de-selection› Preference for individual counseling
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Importance of supervision and peer consultation
Use of Korean intern as our “bridge-person”
Confront assumptions about specific communities
Lack of conversation about group therapy modality in multicultural training
Raised ethical considerations otherwise not discussed (i.e., confidentiality)
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Address the issue within group screening Questions of confidentiality/priming
Outreach to Korean communities on campus
Provide space at UCCS for social gatherings/support
International Student & Scholar Services—collaborate to decrease stigma
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Reactions to case; critique of resolution Concerns with other populations Similar experiences at other
campuses? Other service limitations Confidentiality issues