{ nucleus the brain of the cell by: bryonna aldubayan
TRANSCRIPT
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{Nucleus
The Brain of the CellBy: Bryonna Aldubayan
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Definition Function Significance Structure and Components Nuclear Envelope and Pores Nucleolus Nucleoplasm Mitosis/Meiosis Malfunctions/Disease
Outline
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In an atom:The nucleus is the center of an atom which contains the protons and
neutrons
Definition
In a cell: The nucleus is the structure that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls the cell's activity in a eukaryotic cell.
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Function
• The nucleus regulates all cell activity, growth and reproduction. It controls the cell through protein synthesis.• Protein Synthesis is the process by which amino
acids are arranged linearly into proteins through the involvement of ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA, messenger RNA, and various enzymes
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The nucleus contains DNA which contains coded instructions needed for cell reproduction and also produces proteins that control metabolism and other cell functions.
Significance
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Structure
• The nucleus is a spherical double membrane organelle.
&
ComponentsThe nucleus contains:
• Nuclear Envelope• Pores• Nucleolus• Nucleoplasm
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The nuclear envelope is a double phospholipid bilayer membrane which surrounds the genetic material in eukaryotic cells.
Outer membrane Inner membrane
The nuclear membrane is dotted with thousands of small holes called nuclear pores that allow material to diffuse in and out of the nucleus.
Nuclear Envelope&
Pores
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Small, dense region Generally located in the center of the
nucleus. It is made of proteins and ribonucleic
acids. It is the location where the assembly of
ribosomes begin.
Nucleolus
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Highly Viscous Liquid Enveloped by the inner membrane of the
nuclear envelope. Surrounds the chromatins and nucleolus
Nucleoplasm
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{ {Mitosis
Involves the replication of all eukaryotic cells except that of sex cells.
Meiosis
Replication of only sex cells.
Replication
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{ {Mitosis
Cancer Uncontrolled
abnormal cell division
Spread through blood stream and lymph system
100 different types
Meiosis
Down Syndrome Trisomy 21
(nondisjunction) Translocation Mosaicism 3 different types
Malfunctions
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Cancer
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Cancer
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Down Syndrome
Typical Cell Division
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Down Syndrome
Trisomy 21 (nondisjunction)
• Results in an embryo• 3 copies of chromosome 21• Sperm or egg fails to separate
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Down Syndrome
Mosaic
• Chromosome 21 takes place in 1 initial cell division
• Mixture of 2 cell types
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Down Syndrome
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"What Is Cancer?." - National Cancer Institute. N.p., 7 Mar. 2014. Web. 15 Mar. 2014. <http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/cancerlibrary/what-is-cancer>.
"What Is Down Syndrome?." The National Advocate for People with Down Syndrome Since 1979. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Mar. 2014. <https://www.ndss.org/Down-Syndrhttps://www.ndss.org/Down-Syndrome/What-Is-Down-Syndrome/ome/What-Is-Down-Syndrome/>.
"nucleus Images - Google Search." nucleus Images - Google Search. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Mar. 2014. <https://www.google.com/search?q=nucleus&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=r7kmU_rSOKvr0QGf3oCYBA&sqi=2&ved=0CAcQ_AUoAQ&biw=1366&bih=650>.
Works Cited