© mph education (s) pte ltd 2000 earth our home 2 lesson 5fossil fuels as non-renewable resources...

© MPH Education (S) Pte Ltd 2000© MPH Education (S) Pte Ltd 2000

Earth Our Home 2Earth Our Home 2Earth Our Home 2Earth Our Home 2

Lesson 5Lesson 5 Fossil Fuels as Fossil Fuels as Non-renewable ResourcesNon-renewable Resources

You will learn what fossil fuels are about the different types of fossil fuels about the uses of fossil fuels

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What are Fossil Fuels?What are Fossil Fuels?

Substances which can be burnt to produce energy

Formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals

Organic substances because they are formed from once living organisms

Are extracted from land or the seabed Formed over millions of years

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Lesson 5 Fossil Fuels as Non-renewable ResourcesLesson 5 Fossil Fuels as Non-renewable Resources



Formed over millions of years When living things die, they decompose Lack of oxygen decomposition incomplete Substances containing hydrogen and carbon

are left behind Over time, under extreme pressure and heat,

these substances become fossil fuels Fossil fuels occur in solid, liquid and gaseous

forms

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What are Fossil Fuels? What are Fossil Fuels? (cont’d)(cont’d)




How is coal formed? (Coal How is coal formed? (Coal formation)formation)

300 million years ago, Earth was covered mostly with swampyswampy

forests

Plants died and sank sank into swamp.

Could not be completely

decomposed due to lack of oxygen.oxygen.

Compacted Compacted them into solid layers of coalcoal.

Overtime, sedimentssediments piled on top of these layers of

decayed decayed plants.

Formed thick moist layerslayers in the ground.



Oil Also called crude oil or petroleum Liquid form of fossil fuels Formed from the remains of marine plants

and animals

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•Marine plants and animals settled on ocean floor when they died. They are covered by sediments

•Over time, pressure and heat changed theseorganic matters into oil

•Oil seeped upwards through pores in overlaying rocks

Formation of Coal, Oil and Natural Gas Formation of Coal, Oil and Natural Gas (cont’d)(cont’d)Formation of Coal, Oil and Natural Gas Formation of Coal, Oil and Natural Gas (cont’d)(cont’d)



Natural Gas Gaseous form of fossil

fuels Formed in similar

manner as oil Crude oil and natural

gas usually found together

Gas collects above the oil because it is less dense

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Formation of Coal, Oil and Natural Gas Formation of Coal, Oil and Natural Gas (cont’d)(cont’d)Formation of Coal, Oil and Natural Gas Formation of Coal, Oil and Natural Gas (cont’d)(cont’d)



We use fossil fuels to make our lives more comfortable

Use them as an energy source, a heat source and as raw materials

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Uses of Fossil FuelsUses of Fossil FuelsUses of Fossil FuelsUses of Fossil Fuels



The most important use of fossil fuels is to provide energy

Coal is a good and cheap fuel during the Industrial Revolution

Major source of energy for a long time Burning coal produced temperatures high

enough to boil water. Steam from boiling water used to run machinery and to move trains and ocean liners

Today, coal is mostly used to generate electricity

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Uses of Fossil FuelsUses of Fossil Fuels (cont’d)(cont’d)Uses of Fossil FuelsUses of Fossil Fuels (cont’d)(cont’d)



In recent years, coal has been overtaken by other fossil fuels like petroleum and natural gas as a major fuel

Compared to coal, petroleum is more efficient produces more energy

Less bulky easier to transport from place to place

Petroleum is now commonly used as an energy source to power various forms of transport

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Uses of Fossil Fuels Uses of Fossil Fuels (cont’d)(cont’d)Uses of Fossil Fuels Uses of Fossil Fuels (cont’d)(cont’d)



Fossil fuels can be used to generate heat Natural gas is commonly used in homes for

cooking and heating Peat, a type of coal, used in Russia and

Iceland to heat homes

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Fossil fuels provide us with raw materials to make many things Coal is used in the manufacture of chemical

products such as dyes, waxes, drugs and pesticides

Petroleum is used to make non-fuel products such as wax, plastic products and lubricants

Petroleum and natural gas are also used to make chemical compounds which are then used to make plastics, fabrics, fertilisers and medicines






Fossil Fuels as Non-renewable ResourcesFossil Fuels as Non-renewable Resources

We are dependent on fossil fuels in many areas in our lives

Modern technology helps us to make greater use of them

However, fossil fuels are non-renewable, thus haveto be used carefully



© mph education (s) pte ltd 2000 earth our home 2 lesson 5fossil fuels as non-renewable resources...

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