{{Modern Japan and Modern Japan and the Koreasthe Koreas

PeninsulaPeninsulaArchipelagoArchipelagoTsunamisTsunamisEmperorEmperor Japanese DemocracyJapanese Democracy

Terms to KnowTerms to Know

PeninsulaPeninsula 70% low, steep mountains70% low, steep mountains Farming DifficultFarming Difficult 5,400 mile coastline5,400 mile coastline

Good HarborsGood Harbors SeafoodSeafood

Mountains & the Yalu RiverMountains & the Yalu River Thousands of IslandsThousands of Islands

KOREAKOREA

The peninsula The peninsula has been used has been used as a natural as a natural bridge bridge between China between China and Japan.and Japan.

Korean Korean BridgeBridge

Name of Country Type of GovernmentGDP

Religions Ethnic Groups Literacy Rate

Graphic Organizer Graphic Organizer Use this as an example for your notes on each country ! Use this as an example for your notes on each country !

Climate: temperate, with rainfall heavier in summer Climate: temperate, with rainfall heavier in summer than winter than winter

Natural resources: coal, lead, hydropower potential Natural resources: coal, lead, hydropower potential Land use: Land use: arable land:arable land: 16.58% 16.58%

Natural hazards: occasional typhoons bring high Natural hazards: occasional typhoons bring high winds and floods; low-level seismic activity common winds and floods; low-level seismic activity common in southwest in southwest

Environment - current issues: air pollution in large Environment - current issues: air pollution in large cities; acid rain; drift net fishing cities; acid rain; drift net fishing

Population: 48,754,657 (July 2011 est.)Population: 48,754,657 (July 2011 est.) Life Expectancy 79Life Expectancy 79

South South KoreaKorea

Government type: Democratic republic Government type: Democratic republic Capital: Seoul Capital: Seoul Suffrage: 19 years of age; universal Suffrage: 19 years of age; universal Republic with powers shared Republic with powers shared

between the president, the between the president, the legislature, and the courts. legislature, and the courts.

Branches: Branches: ExecutiveExecutive--President (chief --President (chief of state); of state); LegislativeLegislative--unicameral --unicameral National Assembly. National Assembly. JudicialJudicial--Supreme --Supreme Court and appellate courts; Court and appellate courts; Constitutional Court.Constitutional Court.

Government of Government of South KoreaSouth Korea

Ethnic groups: homogeneous (except for about 20,000 Ethnic groups: homogeneous (except for about 20,000 Chinese)Chinese)

Religions: Christian 26.3% (Protestant 19.7%, Roman Religions: Christian 26.3% (Protestant 19.7%, Roman Catholic 6.6%), Buddhist 23.2%, none 49.3% Catholic 6.6%), Buddhist 23.2%, none 49.3%

Languages: Korean, English widely taught in junior high and Languages: Korean, English widely taught in junior high and high school high school

Literacy: 97.9% Literacy: 97.9% GDP - per capita: $GDP - per capita: $30,000 (2010 est.)30,000 (2010 est.) Labor force - by occupation: Labor force - by occupation: agriculture:agriculture: 7.5%, 7.5%, industry:industry:

17.3%, 17.3%,

services:services: 75.2% (2007) Unemployment rate: 3.3% (2007 est.) 75.2% (2007) Unemployment rate: 3.3% (2007 est.) Oil - consumption: 2.13 million bbl/day (2006) Oil - consumption: 2.13 million bbl/day (2006)

South KoreaSouth Korea

Name of Country Type of GovernmentGDP

 South Korea

Republic-Parliamentary Democracy

$31,700 (2011 est.)

Religions Ethnic Groups Literacy Rate

Christian 26.3%,Buddhist

23.2%, none 49.3%

homogeneousKorean  97.9%

Graphic OrganizerGraphic Organizer

Climate: temperate with rainfall Climate: temperate with rainfall concentrated in summerconcentrated in summer

Natural hazards: late spring Natural hazards: late spring droughts often followed by severe droughts often followed by severe flooding; occasional typhoons during flooding; occasional typhoons during the early fall the early fall

Environment - current issues: water Environment - current issues: water pollution; inadequate supplies of pollution; inadequate supplies of potable water; waterborne disease; potable water; waterborne disease; deforestation; soil erosion and deforestation; soil erosion and degradationdegradation

North KoreaNorth Korea

Population: 24,457,492 (July 2011 est.)Population: 24,457,492 (July 2011 est.) Life expectancy : 72Life expectancy : 72 Ethnic groups: racially homogeneousEthnic groups: racially homogeneous Religions: traditionally Buddhist and Religions: traditionally Buddhist and

Confucianist, some Christian and syncretic Confucianist, some Christian and syncretic Chondogyo (Religion of the Heavenly Way) Chondogyo (Religion of the Heavenly Way) note:note: autonomous religious activities now autonomous religious activities now almost nonexistent; government-sponsored almost nonexistent; government-sponsored religious groups exist to provide illusion of religious groups exist to provide illusion of religious freedomreligious freedom

Languages: Korean Languages: Korean Literacy: 99% Literacy: 99%

North KoreaNorth Korea

Type: Type: Highly centralized Highly centralized (Autocratic)communist state. (Autocratic)communist state. Government type: Communist state one-man Government type: Communist state one-man dictatorshipdictatorship

Capital: Pyongyang Capital: Pyongyang Suffrage: 17 years of age; universal Suffrage: 17 years of age; universal Government of North Government of North KoreaKorea

one of the world's most centrally directed and one of the world's most centrally directed and least open economiesleast open economies

GDP - per capita (PPP): GDP - per capita (PPP): $1,800 (2009 est.)$1,800 (2009 est.) Labor force - by occupation: Labor force - by occupation: agriculture:agriculture: 37%, 37%,

industry and services:industry and services: 63% 63% Unemployment rate: NA%Unemployment rate: NA% Oil - consumption: 10,520 bbl/day (2006)Oil - consumption: 10,520 bbl/day (2006)

North Korea EconomyNorth Korea Economy

Eric Lafforgue: "The highways in North Korea are huge and carless. Planes could land there. You can even see Eric Lafforgue: "The highways in North Korea are huge and carless. Planes could land there. You can even see kids playing in the middle of the road. Security is a major problem because children and old people are not kids playing in the middle of the road. Security is a major problem because children and old people are not used to seeing cars, so they cross over the roads at any time, without watching out for oncoming traffic. The used to seeing cars, so they cross over the roads at any time, without watching out for oncoming traffic. The only cars you can see sometimes on highways are military ones, and most of them are stopped by the side of only cars you can see sometimes on highways are military ones, and most of them are stopped by the side of road, broken down. Or you can also see brand new Mercedes cars belonging to the North Korean officials road, broken down. Or you can also see brand new Mercedes cars belonging to the North Korean officials passing by at very high speeds." (© passing by at very high speeds." (© Eric Lafforgue) ) #

Name of Country Type of GovernmentGDP

North Korea

Communist state one-man dictatorship

$1,800 (2011 est.)

Religions Ethnic Groups Literacy Rate

Traditionally Buddhist and Confucianist.

Religious activities now almost nonexistent

homogeneous Korean 99%

Graphic OrganizerGraphic Organizer

Unitary- a form of government in which power is held by one central authority.

Confederation-voluntary associations of independent states that, to secure some common purpose, agree to certain limitations on their freedom of action and establish some joint machinery of consultation or deliberation.

Federal-a form of government in which power is divided between one central and several regional authorities.

Which one is South Korea today???? How about North Korea?

Describe the ways Describe the ways governments governments distribute power (Left distribute power (Left Side)Side)

South Korea=UnitarySouth Korea=Unitary North Korea=UnitaryNorth Korea=Unitary

AnswerAnswer

Autocratic-government in which one person possesses unlimited power and the citizen has little if any role in the government.

Oligarchic-Government by the few, sometimes a government in which a small group exercises control especially for corrupt and selfish purposes. The citizen has very limited role.

Democratic-Government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised by them directly or indirectly.

Which one is South Korea today???? How about North Korea?

Citizen participation in Citizen participation in government (Left Side)government (Left Side)

South Korea-DemocraticSouth Korea-Democratic North Korea-AutocraticNorth Korea-Autocratic

AnswerAnswer

Parliamentary-system of government having the real executive power vested in a cabinet composed of members of the legislature who are individually and collectively responsible to the legislature. May have a Prime Minister elected by the legislature.

Presidential-a system of government in which the president is constitutionally independent of the legislature.

Which one does South Korea have today? How about North Korea?

Describe the two predominant Describe the two predominant forms of democratic forms of democratic governments (Left Side)governments (Left Side)

South Korea-Parliamentary DemocracySouth Korea-Parliamentary Democracy North Korea-Neither-DictatorshipNorth Korea-Neither-Dictatorship

AnswerAnswer

Think-Pair-ShareThink-Pair-Share

Is the economy of South Korea an example of Command, Market, or Traditional? How about North Korea?

Interactive Notebook Interactive Notebook Question Question (Left Side)(Left Side)

Think-Pair-ShareThink-Pair-Share An entrepreneur is a person who has possession An entrepreneur is a person who has possession

over a company, enterprise, or venture, and over a company, enterprise, or venture, and assumes significant accountability for the assumes significant accountability for the inherent risks and the outcome. inherent risks and the outcome.

What do you think is the level of What do you think is the level of Entrepreneurship in South Korea, North Entrepreneurship in South Korea, North Korea?Korea?

Interactive Notebook Interactive Notebook Question Question (Left Side)(Left Side)

Archipelago – chain of islandsArchipelago – chain of islands HokkaidoHokkaido HonshuHonshu KyushuKyushu ShikokuShikoku

Size of MontanaSize of Montana Too mountainous to FarmToo mountainous to Farm 100 Miles off the Coast100 Miles off the Coast

JapanJapan

The Ring of FireThe Ring of Fire PhilippinesPhilippines IndonesiaIndonesia AustraliaAustralia South AmericaSouth America AlaskaAlaska

Earthquakes & VolcanoesEarthquakes & Volcanoes TsunamisTsunamis

JapanJapan

Mt. FujiMt. Fuji

is the native religion of Japan and was once is the native religion of Japan and was once its state religion. It is a polytheistic and its state religion. It is a polytheistic and animistic faith, and involves the worship of animistic faith, and involves the worship of kamikami, (polytheistic) or spirits., (polytheistic) or spirits. Some Some kamikami are local are local and can be regarded as the spiritual being/spirit of a particular place, but and can be regarded as the spiritual being/spirit of a particular place, but others represent major natural objects and processes: for example, others represent major natural objects and processes: for example, Amaterasu, the Sun goddess, or Mount Fuji. Shinto is commonly Amaterasu, the Sun goddess, or Mount Fuji. Shinto is commonly translated as "The Way of the Gods.”translated as "The Way of the Gods.”

Shinto is no longer Japan's official state religion.Shinto is no longer Japan's official state religion.

Shinto (Shintoism)Shinto (Shintoism)

A woman tying her fortune (omikuji) at Kasuga Shrine

Zen BuddhismZen Buddhism

A Japanese variation of of Buddhism, which came from India through China.

It reinforced the Bushido values of mental and self-discipline.

Similar to medieval knights in EuropeSimilar to medieval knights in Europe Heavily armedHeavily armed Trained in Skills of FightingTrained in Skills of Fighting

Intense training techniquesIntense training techniques Code of Values – Bushido Code of Values – Bushido

Honor, Bravery, Absolute LoyaltyHonor, Bravery, Absolute Loyalty No fear of deathNo fear of death Seppuku – ritual suicideSeppuku – ritual suicide

SamuraiSamurai

1274 – Kublai Khan1274 – Kublai Khan Timely typhoon wrecked 30,000 Mongol shipsTimely typhoon wrecked 30,000 Mongol ships 1281 – larger Mongol fleet, another typhoon1281 – larger Mongol fleet, another typhoon KamikazeKamikaze – divine winds – divine winds

Mongol InvasionMongol Invasion

1590 – Toyotomi Hideyoshi1590 – Toyotomi Hideyoshi Peasant by birthPeasant by birth Failed to conquer Korea & ChinaFailed to conquer Korea & China

Becomes suspicious of European territorial ambitions.

Orders all European missionaries expelled from Japan.

1600 – Tokugawa Ieyasu1600 – Tokugawa Ieyasu ShogunShogun Determined to end Feudal WarsDetermined to end Feudal Wars Strict, Centralizing RulesStrict, Centralizing Rules

Order & UnityOrder & Unity

Tokugawa Shogunate Period

Tokugawa Shogunate Period Japan closed off to all trade

[except to the Dutch and Chinese]. The Dutch were restricted to a small island in Nagasaki harbor.

Japanese Christians persecuted and Christianity is forbidden. The government is centralized with all power in the hands of the shogun. Domestic trade flourishes. Towns, esp. castle towns, increase. Merchant class becomes rich! New art forms haiku poetry, kabuki theater.

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Japan Learns a Lesson!Japan Learns a Lesson!Japan Learns a Lesson!Japan Learns a Lesson!

In 1862, just before the start of the Meiji period, Tokugawa sent officials and scholars to China to study the situation there. A Japanese recorded in his diary from Shanghai…

“The Chinese have become servants to the foreigners. Sovereignty may belong to China but in fact it's no more than a colony of Great Britain and France.”

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The The Shi-shiShi-shi (“Men of High (“Men of High Purpose”)Purpose”)

The The Shi-shiShi-shi (“Men of High (“Men of High Purpose”)Purpose”) Highly idealistic Highly idealistic samuraisamurai who felt that the who felt that the

arrival of Westerners was an attack on the arrival of Westerners was an attack on the traditional values of Japan. traditional values of Japan.

They believed that:They believed that:

Japan was sacred ground.Japan was sacred ground.

The emperor, now a figurehead inThe emperor, now a figurehead in Kyoto, was a God. Kyoto, was a God.

Were furious at the Shogun for signing Were furious at the Shogun for signing treatiestreaties with the West without the Emperor’s with the West without the Emperor’s consent.consent.

Their sloganTheir slogan Revere the Emperor, ExpelRevere the Emperor, Expel the Barbarians! the Barbarians!

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The Shogunate Is The Shogunate Is Overthrown!Overthrown!

The Shogunate Is The Shogunate Is Overthrown!Overthrown! The last

Shogun.

Tokugawa Yoshinobu.

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The Emperor Is “Restored” The Emperor Is “Restored” to Powerto Power

The Emperor Is “Restored” The Emperor Is “Restored” to Powerto Power

MEIJI “Enlightened Rule”

Until the late eighteen hundreds, Japan Until the late eighteen hundreds, Japan had been a nation with ancient political had been a nation with ancient political traditions and little contact with the traditions and little contact with the Western world. Western world.

Visits by Commodore Matthew Perry and Visits by Commodore Matthew Perry and American warships helped open Japan to American warships helped open Japan to trade with the United States and other trade with the United States and other nations in the 1850’s. And in the years that nations in the 1850’s. And in the years that followed, Japan took giant steps toward followed, Japan took giant steps toward becoming a modern industrial nation. becoming a modern industrial nation.

By the 1920’s and By the 1920’s and 1930’s, Japan was a 1930’s, Japan was a strong country. But strong country. But it lacked oil, rubber, it lacked oil, rubber, and other natural and other natural materials of its own. materials of its own. For this reason, For this reason, Japanese leaders Japanese leaders looked with envy at looked with envy at the Dutch colonies the Dutch colonies in Indonesia, French in Indonesia, French colonies in colonies in Indochina, and Indochina, and British colonies in British colonies in Malaya and Burma. Malaya and Burma. And Japanese And Japanese businessmen saw businessmen saw huge markets for huge markets for their products in their products in such nearby such nearby countries as Korea countries as Korea and China.and China.

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Japan Annexes KoreaJapan Annexes KoreaJapan Annexes KoreaJapan Annexes Korea

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Japan Is a Player in ChinaJapan Is a Player in ChinaJapan Is a Player in ChinaJapan Is a Player in China

{{

Competition from Another Competition from Another “Pacific” Power Is on the “Pacific” Power Is on the

HorizonHorizon

Competition from Another Competition from Another “Pacific” Power Is on the “Pacific” Power Is on the

HorizonHorizon

Japan's desire to use eastern Asia to gain natural materials Japan's desire to use eastern Asia to gain natural materials and sell manufactured products was in direct conflict with and sell manufactured products was in direct conflict with American plans for Asia. American plans for Asia.

For this reason, Americans were very concerned when Japanese For this reason, Americans were very concerned when Japanese forces invaded the Manchuria area of China in nineteen thirty-one. forces invaded the Manchuria area of China in nineteen thirty-one. And they watched with great interest the efforts of Chinese leader And they watched with great interest the efforts of Chinese leader Chiang Kai-shek to oppose the Japanese invaders. Chiang Kai-shek to oppose the Japanese invaders.

The United States was also very concerned about protecting its The United States was also very concerned about protecting its imports of oil, tin, and natural rubber from southeast Asia. This imports of oil, tin, and natural rubber from southeast Asia. This area of the world was a major supplier of these natural materials area of the world was a major supplier of these natural materials in the nineteen thirties. The Middle East had not yet become a in the nineteen thirties. The Middle East had not yet become a leading producer of oil. leading producer of oil.

Why did the U.S. and Japan need OIL and RUBBER????Why did the U.S. and Japan need OIL and RUBBER????

Japan is hungry for Japan is hungry for resources…resources…

In these ways, the United States and Japan were competing for In these ways, the United States and Japan were competing for the same natural materials and Asian markets. However, there the same natural materials and Asian markets. However, there also was a good deal of trade between the two nations. In fact, also was a good deal of trade between the two nations. In fact, Japan depended on the United States for most of its metal, copper, Japan depended on the United States for most of its metal, copper, and oiland oil. Lack of Natural Resources??. Lack of Natural Resources??

Much of the metal, oil, and other materials that Japan used for its Much of the metal, oil, and other materials that Japan used for its war effort in China came from the United States. Americans did war effort in China came from the United States. Americans did not like selling Japan materials to use against China. But the trade not like selling Japan materials to use against China. But the trade was legal because of a nineteen eleven agreement between Tokyo was legal because of a nineteen eleven agreement between Tokyo and Washington. and Washington.

However, However, the American government told Japan the American government told Japan in nineteen in nineteen thirty-nine that it would end the earlier agreement. thirty-nine that it would end the earlier agreement. It would no It would no longer sell Japan materials that could be used for warlonger sell Japan materials that could be used for war. . (What type of Trade Barrier is this an example of….?) (What type of Trade Barrier is this an example of….?)

The Economics of WW The Economics of WW IIII

In the spring of 1940, Germany launched In the spring of 1940, Germany launched its lightning invasion of Europe. its lightning invasion of Europe.

Extremists in the Japanese government Extremists in the Japanese government saw the German victory as their chance to saw the German victory as their chance to launch their own attack on European launch their own attack on European colonies in Asia. They quickly began colonies in Asia. They quickly began negotiations with Hitler to form a new negotiations with Hitler to form a new alliance (The Axis Powers). alliance (The Axis Powers).

The new Japanese government was headed The new Japanese government was headed by General Tojo. by General Tojo.

The Axis PowersThe Axis Powers

These events caused relations between Tokyo and These events caused relations between Tokyo and Washington to become even worse. President Washington to become even worse. President Roosevelt banned the export of metal and oil Roosevelt banned the export of metal and oil products to Japan. products to Japan. (What type of Trade Barrier is this an (What type of Trade Barrier is this an

example of….?) example of….?) Japan invaded Indochina further souring US-Japan invaded Indochina further souring US-

Japanese relations. The US took control of all Japanese relations. The US took control of all Japanese money in the United States, Japanese money in the United States, strengthened the armed forces of the Philippines, strengthened the armed forces of the Philippines, and closed the Panama Canal to Japanese and closed the Panama Canal to Japanese shipping. shipping. (What type of Trade Barrier is this an example of….?) (What type of Trade Barrier is this an example of….?)

No Oil for you!No Oil for you!

Negotiations between Japan and the United States Negotiations between Japan and the United States continued through the final months of 1941. continued through the final months of 1941.

American military officials captured secret American military officials captured secret messages from Japan during this time. They messages from Japan during this time. They learned that Tokyo was planning an attack of some learned that Tokyo was planning an attack of some kind unless the United States suddenly changed its kind unless the United States suddenly changed its policies. policies.

Almost everyone in Washington expected that the Almost everyone in Washington expected that the Japanese would attack south of Japan. They were Japanese would attack south of Japan. They were wrong. The military leaders in Tokyo were wrong. The military leaders in Tokyo were planning a surprise attack on America's main planning a surprise attack on America's main pacific military base, the huge naval center at pacific military base, the huge naval center at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.

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But, Japanese Power Would But, Japanese Power Would Grow . . .Grow . . .

But, Japanese Power Would But, Japanese Power Would Grow . . .Grow . . .

When World War II came to an end in When World War II came to an end in 1945, Japan was in ruin1945, Japan was in ruin. The extent of the devastation is . The extent of the devastation is difficult for most Americans to comprehend. All of Japan's major cities, difficult for most Americans to comprehend. All of Japan's major cities, with the sole exception of Kyoto, had been bombed extensively during the with the sole exception of Kyoto, had been bombed extensively during the last few months of the war. Everyone is familiar with the fate of last few months of the war. Everyone is familiar with the fate of Hiroshima and Nagasaki; few, however, realize that Tokyo, Nagoya, Hiroshima and Nagasaki; few, however, realize that Tokyo, Nagoya, Osaka, Kobe and many other Japanese cities were equally devastated. The Osaka, Kobe and many other Japanese cities were equally devastated. The only difference is that their destruction occurred over a period of months only difference is that their destruction occurred over a period of months rather than in one instant of time. In either case, the result was the same-rather than in one instant of time. In either case, the result was the same-smoldering rubble.smoldering rubble.

Post-World War II JapanPost-World War II Japan

The physical scars of the war reflected only a small portion The physical scars of the war reflected only a small portion of the despair which gripped Japan in late 1945. Edwin of the despair which gripped Japan in late 1945. Edwin Reischauer, a former U.S. Ambassador to Japan, describes Reischauer, a former U.S. Ambassador to Japan, describes the scene:the scene:"Some 2 million of her people had died in the war, a third "Some 2 million of her people had died in the war, a third of them civilians; 40 per cent of the aggregate area of the of them civilians; 40 per cent of the aggregate area of the cities had been destroyed, and the urban population had cities had been destroyed, and the urban population had declined by half; industry was at a standstill . . . [The declined by half; industry was at a standstill . . . [The Japanese] were physically and spiritually exhausted. Many Japanese] were physically and spiritually exhausted. Many were in rags and half-starved, and all were bewildered and were in rags and half-starved, and all were bewildered and mentally numbed.”mentally numbed.”

Many Japanese felt the key factor in losing the war had not been a Many Japanese felt the key factor in losing the war had not been a difference between the capabilities of the individual Japanese and difference between the capabilities of the individual Japanese and American soldiers, but rather the superior ability of the American American soldiers, but rather the superior ability of the American economy to rapidly produce large quantities of war materials. It economy to rapidly produce large quantities of war materials. It

seemed only natural, then, to use seemed only natural, then, to use America's free America's free enterprise system as the model for enterprise system as the model for rebuilding Japanrebuilding Japan. . As it had done twice before in its As it had done twice before in its

history, history, Japan sent their finest students to the Japan sent their finest students to the US and Europe to study US and Europe to study economic, political, social, economic, political, social,

and educational systems and educational systems (Human Capital)(Human Capital). . Rebuilding A NationRebuilding A Nation

In order to help the Japanese to get back on their feet the In order to help the Japanese to get back on their feet the United States government provided the following:United States government provided the following: Shared manufacturing knowledgeShared manufacturing knowledge

(Human Capital)(Human Capital) Provided loans to rebuild factories Provided loans to rebuild factories

(Capital)(Capital) Provided materials used in constructionProvided materials used in construction

(Resources)(Resources)

Rebuilding JapanRebuilding Japan

The Cold War also played a role in the rebuilding of Japan.The Cold War also played a role in the rebuilding of Japan. Many feared a communist country (USSR) would take Many feared a communist country (USSR) would take

over of Japan if the US didn’t help the Japanese to over of Japan if the US didn’t help the Japanese to rebuild.rebuild.

Rebuilding JapanRebuilding Japan

Flag of USSR

Communist Party of Japan Flag

America's postwar occupation of Japan was marked by a surprisingly high America's postwar occupation of Japan was marked by a surprisingly high

degree of friendly cooperation. degree of friendly cooperation. One important decision One important decision was to allow the Emperor to remain as a was to allow the Emperor to remain as a symbol of Japanese unity but with little symbol of Japanese unity but with little real political power.real political power.The Japanese government was restructured The Japanese government was restructured to resemble the British parliamentary to resemble the British parliamentary system. system. The Diet is the legislative branch of the government and is The Diet is the legislative branch of the government and is the most powerful of the three branches. It consists of the House of the most powerful of the three branches. It consists of the House of Representatives with 511 seats and the House of Councilors with 252 Representatives with 511 seats and the House of Councilors with 252 seats. seats.

Recovery (1945 mid Recovery (1945 mid 1950s)1950s)

One of the major reasons for Japan’s growth after One of the major reasons for Japan’s growth after WWII is their INVESTMENT IN HUMAN CAPITALWWII is their INVESTMENT IN HUMAN CAPITAL. . Japan places a high emphasis on education. Students take Japan places a high emphasis on education. Students take entrance exams to get into high schools and universities, and the entrance exams to get into high schools and universities, and the competition is fierce. Japan’s high educated and productive labor competition is fierce. Japan’s high educated and productive labor force is a major reason for the country’s economic success. force is a major reason for the country’s economic success.

Japan has also made massive CAPITAL Japan has also made massive CAPITAL INVESTMENTS in their infrastructureINVESTMENTS in their infrastructure. . Japan has a Japan has a history of investing in new technology and providing its workers history of investing in new technology and providing its workers with the latest equipment. with the latest equipment.

Recovery Recovery (1945mid50s)(1945mid50s)

JapanJapan Natural resources: negligible mineral resources, fish Natural resources: negligible mineral resources, fish Natural hazards: many dormant and some active volcanoes; Natural hazards: many dormant and some active volcanoes;

about 1,500 seismic occurrences (mostly tremors) every about 1,500 seismic occurrences (mostly tremors) every year; tsunamis; typhoonsyear; tsunamis; typhoons

Environment - current issues: air pollution from power Environment - current issues: air pollution from power plant emissions results in acid rain; acidification of lakes plant emissions results in acid rain; acidification of lakes and reservoirs degrading water quality and threatening and reservoirs degrading water quality and threatening aquatic life; Japan is one of the largest consumers of fish aquatic life; Japan is one of the largest consumers of fish and tropical timber, contributing to the depletion of these and tropical timber, contributing to the depletion of these resources in Asia and elsewhere.resources in Asia and elsewhere.

Population: 126,475,664 (July 2011 est.)Population: 126,475,664 (July 2011 est.) Life expectancy at birth: 82Life expectancy at birth: 82 Ethnic groups: Japanese 98.5%Ethnic groups: Japanese 98.5% Religions: observe both Shinto and Buddhist 84%, other Religions: observe both Shinto and Buddhist 84%, other

16%16%

Government type: constitutional monarchy with a Government type: constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary government parliamentary government

The emperor does not have any effective power but is only The emperor does not have any effective power but is only the symbol of the statethe symbol of the state. .

Suffrage: 20 years of age; universal Suffrage: 20 years of age; universal ExecutiveExecutive: :

The The cabinetcabinet is headed by the Prime Minister. The cabinet further consists is headed by the Prime Minister. The cabinet further consists of the ministers which are appointed by the prime minister and are of the ministers which are appointed by the prime minister and are usually members of the Diet. The prime minister is elected by the Diet. usually members of the Diet. The prime minister is elected by the Diet.

Modern Japanese Modern Japanese GovernmentGovernment

Prime Minister Yoshihiko NODA

Japan’s location provides easy access to the Japan’s location provides easy access to the world’s markets through the use of water world’s markets through the use of water transportation.transportation.

Japan imports raw materials, uses them to Japan imports raw materials, uses them to manufacture goods like ships, cars, and manufacture goods like ships, cars, and electronics then exports those goods around the electronics then exports those goods around the world.world.

Japan specializes in high tech goods.Japan specializes in high tech goods.

Modern Japanese Modern Japanese EconomyEconomy

Literacy: 99% Literacy: 99% (Skills of Human Capital-Economics)(Skills of Human Capital-Economics)

GDP - per capita: GDP - per capita: $34,000 (2010 est.)$34,000 (2010 est.) Labor force - by occupation: Labor force - by occupation: agriculture:agriculture: 4.6%, 4.6%, industry:industry: 27.8%, 27.8%,

services:services: 67.7% (2004) 67.7% (2004) Unemployment rate: 5%Unemployment rate: 5% Oil - consumption: 5.353 million bbl/day (2005)Oil - consumption: 5.353 million bbl/day (2005) Today, the Japanese enjoy one of the highest standards of Today, the Japanese enjoy one of the highest standards of

living in the worldliving in the world. Why???. Why???

Japan EconomyJapan Economy

Name of Country Type of GovernmentGDP

Japan

constitutional monarchy with a

parliamentary government

$34,300 (2011 est.)

Religions Ethnic Groups Literacy Rate

Shinto and Buddhist 84% Japanese 98.5% 99%

Graphic Organizer Graphic Organizer Use this Use this

as an example for your notes on each country ---as an example for your notes on each country ---

Unitary- a form of government in which power is held by one central authority.

Confederation-voluntary associations of independent states that, to secure some common purpose, agree to certain limitations on their freedom of action and establish some joint machinery of consultation or deliberation.

Federal-a form of government in which power is divided between one central and several regional authorities.

Which one is Japan today????

Describe the ways Describe the ways governments governments distribute power (Left distribute power (Left Side)Side)

Japan=UnitaryJapan=Unitary

AnswerAnswer

Autocratic-government in which one person possesses unlimited power and the citizen has little if any role in the government.

Oligarchic-Government by the few, sometimes a government in which a small group exercises control especially for corrupt and selfish purposes. The citizen has very limited role.

Democratic-Government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised by them directly or indirectly.

Which one is Japan today????

Citizen participation in Citizen participation in government (Left Side)government (Left Side)

Japan=DemocraticJapan=Democratic

AnswerAnswer

Parliamentary-system of government having the real executive power vested in a cabinet composed of members of the legislature who are individually and collectively responsible to the legislature. May have a Prime Minister elected by the legislature.

Presidential-a system of government in which the president is constitutionally independent of the legislature.

Which one does Japan have today????

Describe the two predominant Describe the two predominant forms of democratic forms of democratic governments (Left Side)governments (Left Side)

Japan=Parliamentary Democracy Japan=Parliamentary Democracy

AnswerAnswer

Think-Pair-ShareThink-Pair-Share Name a country that is similar to the

government in Japan.

Interactive Notebook Interactive Notebook Question Question (Left Side)(Left Side)

Draw an Economic Continuum line on the Draw an Economic Continuum line on the Left SideLeft Side of your Notebook with Market on of your Notebook with Market on one side and Command on the other:one side and Command on the other:

MarketMarket Command Command

For each of the following questions, name For each of the following questions, name the type of Economy and place the name of the type of Economy and place the name of the Country on your Economic Continuum the Country on your Economic Continuum

Name the Type of Name the Type of EconomyEconomy

1. China for many years had a command economy. Since the death of Mao Zedong 1. China for many years had a command economy. Since the death of Mao Zedong his successors have focused on market-oriented economic reforms.his successors have focused on market-oriented economic reforms.

2. India, where the government makes some economic decisions and individuals 2. India, where the government makes some economic decisions and individuals make other decisions. However in 2005 the government put a stop to the make other decisions. However in 2005 the government put a stop to the privatization of the remaining government-owned industries.privatization of the remaining government-owned industries.

3. Japan, most decisions as to what will be produced and how it will be produced 3. Japan, most decisions as to what will be produced and how it will be produced are left up to the individual with very little interference by the government.are left up to the individual with very little interference by the government.

4. North Korea, every decision as to what is produced, and how it will be produced 4. North Korea, every decision as to what is produced, and how it will be produced is made by the government.is made by the government.

Name the Type of Name the Type of Economy…Economy…

Economic Continuum lineEconomic Continuum line

MarketMarket Command Command

Japan India China North Japan India China North KoreaKorea

1.1. China=Mixed/CommandChina=Mixed/Command

2.2. India=MixedIndia=Mixed

3.3. Japan=MarketJapan=Market

4.4. North Korea=CommandNorth Korea=Command

Name the Type of Name the Type of EconomyEconomy

Think-Pair-ShareThink-Pair-Share An entrepreneur is a person who has possession An entrepreneur is a person who has possession

over a company, enterprise, or venture, and over a company, enterprise, or venture, and assumes significant accountability for the assumes significant accountability for the inherent risks and the outcome. inherent risks and the outcome.

What do you think is the level of What do you think is the level of Entrepreneurship in Japan?Entrepreneurship in Japan?

Interactive Notebook Interactive Notebook Question Question (Left Side)(Left Side)

Essay (1st-5th periods)

Write a 5 paragraph essay describing the government and economy of modern Korean and Japan and what life is like for their citizens.

Learning LogLearning Log(Left Side)(Left Side)

1. Write a 5 paragraph essay describing the government and economy of modern Korean and Japan and what life is like for their citizens.

2. Write a 5 paragraph letter to the corporate leaders of a major American company (use your imagination) about the government and economy of Japan and Korea as to why or why not the company should do business in those countries.

3. Write a 5 paragraph essay for the following question: Why should the United States continue to support Japan and Korea?.

4. Write a 5 paragraph letter as a Korean or Japanese citizen to a pen-pale in the U.S. explaining your life.

Learning Log Learning Log (6(6thth period) period)

On your own paper; chose only one! Remember to include the On your own paper; chose only one! Remember to include the history, government, economy, and current issues in your history, government, economy, and current issues in your essay/letter.essay/letter.

One the left side of your INB, match the following countries One the left side of your INB, match the following countries with their forms of government, citizen participation, and with their forms of government, citizen participation, and distribution of power:distribution of power:

North KoreaNorth Korea South KoreaSouth Korea JapanJapan

Modern N./S. Korea and Modern N./S. Korea and JapanJapanSummarizing Activity 1Summarizing Activity 1

Citizen Participation: Autocratic, Oligarchic, Democratic

Distribution of Power: Unitary, Confederate, Federal

Type of Government: Communist/Dictatorship, Presidential Democracy,

Constitutional Monarchy/Parliamentary Democracy

Draw the following:Draw the following:

How people live in this area: HousingHow people live in this area: Housing

How people work in this area: Types of How people work in this area: Types of Industry? Cities? Towns?Industry? Cities? Towns?

How people travel in this area: Cars? How people travel in this area: Cars? Paved Roads? Water?Paved Roads? Water?Summarizing Activity Summarizing Activity

22(Left hand side)(Left hand side)

Government of Japan. http://www.japan-guide.com/e/e2136.html Government of Japan. http://www.japan-guide.com/e/e2136.html March 11, 2008March 11, 2008

Nick’s South Korea Photos. Nick’s South Korea Photos. http://south.korea.photos.googlepages.com/index.htm Retrieved http://south.korea.photos.googlepages.com/index.htm Retrieved January 7, 2009.January 7, 2009.

Path to World War Two: Japan widens its influence in Asia. Path to World War Two: Japan widens its influence in Asia. http://www.voanews.com/specialenglish/archive/2006-11/2006-11-http://www.voanews.com/specialenglish/archive/2006-11/2006-11-01-voa2.cfm Retrieved January 9, 2209.01-voa2.cfm Retrieved January 9, 2209.

Recent Scenes from North Korea. Recent Scenes from North Korea. http://www.boston.com/bigpicture/2008/09/recent_scenes_from_norhttp://www.boston.com/bigpicture/2008/09/recent_scenes_from_north_korea.html. Retrieved January 7, 2009.th_korea.html. Retrieved January 7, 2009.

Wolken, L. C. Japan: The Modernization of an Ancient Culture Wolken, L. C. Japan: The Modernization of an Ancient Culture http://sage.tamu.edu/country/asia/japan_resources/japan_booklet_chttp://sage.tamu.edu/country/asia/japan_resources/japan_booklet_country/glossary.htm December 20, 2007ountry/glossary.htm December 20, 2007

http://www.worldwar2database.com/slideviewer/end.html http://www.worldwar2database.com/slideviewer/end.html Retrieved January 9, 2209.Retrieved January 9, 2209.

Marsh, C. Gallopade. 2009. 7Marsh, C. Gallopade. 2009. 7thth Grade Social Studies. Grade Social Studies.

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