-Microscopes- Types

Goals:1. Check your proficiency2. Develop proficiency3. Proficiencies include:

Knowledge about microscope:

A. typesB. partsC. careD. useE. theory of operation

Proficiency test:

If you pass this test, you have demonstrated proficiency in microscope knowledge.

Types of microscopesused in Science

There is a great number of different types of microscopes in use today. We are going to look at just a few which are “common” in use in schools, colleges and universities.

Dissection Microscope

Characteristics: low power 3-D (sterioscopic-binocular)$100-$500cannot see cells

Compound Light Microscope

Characteristics:Light poweredto 1000x2-D$150-$10,000

Confocal Microscope

Characteristics:Laser light poweredto 1000x3-D, digitally enhanced$20,000-$100,000

Scanning Electron Microscope

Characteristics:Reflected electrons100,000x3-D imagesubject is gold coated$50k up into the millions

TransmissionElectronMicroscope

Characteristics:electrons pass thru specimen200,000x2-D image$50k up into the millions

The vast majority of other types are used in limited research institutes. Some of these are:

Scanning probe•AFM: Atomic Force Microscopy•BEEM: Ballistic Electron Emission Microscopy•EFM: Electrostatic Force Microscope •ESTM: Electrochemical Scanning Tunneling Microscope •FMM: Force Modulation Microscopy•KPFM: Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy •MFM: Magnetic Force Microscopy •MRFM: Magnetic Resonance Force Microscopy NSOM: Near-field Scannin Optical Microscopy•PFM: Piezo Force Microscopy •PSTM: Photon Scanning Tunneling Microscopy

• PTMS: Photothermal Microspectroscopy/Microscopy• SAP: Scanning Atom Probe Microscopy• SCM: Scanning capacitance Microscope• SECM: Scanning ElectroChemical Microscopy• SGM: Scanning Gate Microscopy• SICM: Scanning Ion-Conductance Microscopy• SPSM Spin Polarized Scanning tunneling Microscopy• SThM: Scanning thermal Microscopy• STM: Scanning Tunneling Microscopy• SVM: Scanning Voltage Microscopy• SHPM: Scanning Hall Probe Microscopy• SSM: Scanning SQUID Microscope• RTM: Recurrence Tracking Microscope• SAM: Scanning acoustic microscope

Microscopes have many technological procedures which improve the results. Some of these include:

•Bright Field Microscopy•Dark Field Microscopy•Digital Microscope•Fluorescence interference contrast Microscopy•Fluorescence Microscopy•Laser Capture Micro dissection

Brightfield – light beamed from below

Dark field light hits object leaving back ground black.

Fluorescence MicroscopyShowing cheek cells stained with fluorescent dye.

New microscope technology is under constant development, thus the need for life long learning.

Multifocal plane MicroscopyPhase contrast Microscopy

Tungsten crystal showing atoms at 2,700,000 x