(Wideband CDMA, WCDMA)

384Kbps[5](Indoor)

2MbpsGPRS 115kbps

3 ~17 5MHzIS-95 1.25MHz

(Wideband) 2.1 WCDMA

WCDMAGSM

(Handover)FER(Frame Error Rate) 10%BER(Bit

Error Rate) 10-6(Single connection)

DS-WCDMADirect Sequence-WCDMA FDD/TDDFrequency/Time Division Duplex Chip Rate 3.84 Mbps Frame Length 10 ms Carrier Frequeny 5MHz

UpLink-Modulation BPSKBinary Phase Shift Keying DownLink-Modulation QPSKQuadrature Phase Shift Keying

2.1 WCDMA

WCDMA

DS-WCDMA-FDD

FDD TDD

11

DS-WCDMA-TDD

2Mbps

WCDMA-FDD (

2110--2170MHz 1920--1980MHz) 2.1

WCDMA Chip Rate 3.84Mcps

3.84MHz Guard

Band 5MHz WCDMA Uplink Downlink

60MHz 12

( 5MHz

12 )

2.1 WCDMA

12

2.1 WCDMA Frame

2.2 WCDMA Frame 10 ms

WCDMA 3.84 Mbits/sec

WCDMA Frame 3.84 Mbits/sec * 10 ms = 38400

bits Frame 15 Time Slot

38400 bits /15 = 2560 bits

2.2 WCDMA Frame

2.2

WCDMA (dedicated channel)

(common channels)

2.2.1

13

(DPDCH:

Dedicated Physical Random Access Channel)

(DPCCH: Dedicated Physical Control Channel)

(PRACH: Physical Random Access Channel)

(Pilot)

(TPC)(TFCI) 2.3

2.3 WCDMA Uplink Frame

I-Q (Dual-Channel QPSK) 2.4

DPDCH DPCCH

DPDCH DPCCH

14

I

BPSK WCDMA

BPSK

2.4 Uplink Dual-Channel QPSK

DPDCH

DPCCH

DPDCH

DPDCH (Spreading Factor

4-256) DPCCH DPCCH

256

DPDCH

DPDCH

DPDCH Frame

DPCCH 2.3 DPCCH

TFCI

15

2.2.2

(DPDCH)

(DPCCH)(Primary CCPCH)

(Secondary CCPCH)

(BCCH)

(FACH)PCH

SCH 2.5

2.5 WCDMA Downlink Frame

QPSK

DPDCH DPCCH DPDCH

Dual-Channel QPSK

DPDCH DPCCH DPDCH

DPCCH Frame

QPSK Chip Rate

16

QPSK BPSK

2.3

(Spreading)?

Data

(pseudo noise, PN)

2.6(b) Spreading Despreading

r(t) m(t)

Noise n(t)

Spreading sequence

c*(t)

Spreading sequence

c(t)

Incoming Bits b(t)

dt y(t)

cos(ct)

cos(ct)

(a)

symbol time

chip time

r(t)

Spreading b(t) c(t)

b(t)

c(t)

c*(t) Despreading b(t)

^

(b) Spreading & Despreading

2.6 (a)bSpreading Despreading

17

b(t) PN code

c(t) m(t) d(t)c(t)

PN code

? m(t)=b(t)c(t)

r(t)(interference)

r(t)=m(t)+i(t)= c(t)b(t) + i(t) 2-1

PN code 2.1(a)

y(t)=c(t)r(t)=c(t)c*(t)b(t)+c*(t)i(t) 2-2

PN code c(t)c*(t)=1

y(t)=b(t)+c*(t)i(t) 2-3

b(t) c*(t)i(t)

c*(t)i(t) b(t)

2.3.1

18

(Pseudo Noise sequence) PN

PN m

m m

N=2m-1 m

-2

2.3.2 QPSK

WCDMA()QPSK

2.7

2.7 QPSK

1011001111 I Q

I 01011 Q

11011

(1) I(1) Q(1)

(2) I(1) Q(1)

(3) I(0) Q(0)

19

(4) I(1) Q(1)

(5) I(0) Q(1)

2.8 I Q

I Q

QPSK

Q Branch

I Branch

2.8 I Q

2.6(b)

8

8 64

QPSK

2.9 I Q

20

2.9 QPSK

2 2( ) cos ( ) sin ( ) ( ) cos( ( ))I t wt Q t wt I t Q t wt t + = + (2-4)

01 Cosine 45

00 Cosine 315

2.10 I Q

I01010010 Q00111101 QPSK

2.10 QPSK

21

QPSKBPSK Bit Rate

QPSK Cosine

4 0 1 QPSK

Chip Rate

Chip Rate 3.84Mbit/sec8(1bit

8bits) BPSK

3840(kbit/sec) / 8 = 480 (kbit/sec)

QPSK (3840(kbit/sec) / 8)*2 =

960 (kbit/sec)

2.4

WCDMA

(channelization code)

(OVSFOrthogonal

Variable spreading Factor)

2.11 OVSFCSF, code

number

22

2.12

C 8 , 1 = ( 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , - 1 , - 1 , - 1 , - 1 )

C 1 , 1 = 1

C 2 , 1 = ( 1 , 1 )

C 2 , 2 = ( 1 , - 1 )

C 4 , 1 = ( 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 )

C 4 , 2 = ( 1 , 1 , - 1 , - 1 )

C 4 , 1 = ( 1 , - 1 , 1 , - 1 )

C 4 , 1 = ( 1 , - 1 , - 1 , 1 )

C 8 , 1 = ( 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 )

C 8 , 1 = ( 1 , 1 , - 1 , - 1 , 1 , 1 , - 1 , - 1 )

C 8 , 1 = ( 1 , 1 , - 1 , - 1 , - 1 , - 1 , 1 , 1 )

C 8 , 1 = ( 1 , - 1 , 1 , - 1 , 1 , - 1 , 1 , - 1 )

C 8 , 1 = ( 1 , - 1 , 1 , - 1 , - 1 , 1 , - 1 , 1 )

C 8 , 1 = ( 1 , - 1 , - 1 , 1 , 1 , - 1 , - 1 , 1 )

C 8 , 1 = ( 1 , - 1 , - 1 , 1 , - 1 , 1 , 1 , - 1 )

S F = 1 S F = 2 S F = 3 S F = 4

2.11

1 ,1C 1=

1 , 1 1 , 12 , 1

2 , 2 1 , 1 1 , 1

C CC 1 1C 1 1C C

= =

2 , 12 , 14 , 1

2 , 1 2 , 14 , 2

4 , 3 2 , 2 2 , 2

4 , 4 2 , 2 2 , 2

CCC 1 1 1 1C CC 1 1 1 1

C C C 1 1 1 1C 1 1 1 1C C

= =

nnn + 1

n nn + 1

n nn + 1

n + 1 n n

n + 1 n + 1 n n n n

n + 1 n + 1 n n n n

2 ,12 ,12 ,1

2 ,1 2 ,12 ,2

2 ,2 2 ,22 ,3

2 ,4 2 ,2 2 ,2

2 ,2 1 2 ,2 2 ,2

2 ,2 2 ,2 2 ,2

CCC

C CC

C CC

C C C

C C C

C C C

=

2.12

23

2.2

(scrambling code)

3GPP

Downlink Uplink (Spreading) Cell (Channel)

Channel 512 Chips 4-256 Chips

Channelization Code

(Scrambling Code) Spreading Factor

Spreading Factor Cell& user

(user) Frame 10 ms 38400 Chips

Frame 10 ms 38400 Chips

Scrambling Code

512

2.2

2.5 (fading)(Rake receiver)

(multipath)

24

0

180 (fading)

(Rake receiver)[6]

Phase rotator

fingerPhase rotator 2.13

CDMA (Correlator)Code

generator ASIC Phase rotator

DSP

2.13 WCDMA

25

2.6 WCDMA Power Control

2.14

MS1 MS2MS1

(path loss) MS1

(BS) MS1 MS2

MS1 MS2

Cell (Block) near-far

P1

P2 MS 1

MS 2

2.14 near-far

2.14 (Close loop

power control) SIR(Signal to

noise) SIRtarget SIR

26

SIRtarget MS MS

SIR SIRtarget MS CDMA

Frame 10ms Frame 15

1.5kHz

GSM 2Hz

FER BER(Outer loop power control)

2.7 HSDPA

WCDMA

HSDPA HSDPA

(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output, MIMO)

(Single-Input Single-Output, SISO)

2.15 3GPP

0.667ms dN sN QPSK

K

(common pilot channel, CPICH)

CPICH

27

pN dN

sN

Multi- code

demux

Coded

high rate

data stream

HSDPA

K

2.15 HSDPA

Spreading code 1

+

Scrambling code

Spreading code K

Spreading code 2

Spreaddata

Spreaddata

Spreaddata

Pilot 1

2.16 HSDPA

28

2.16 SISO